CN110038681A - Being crushed with multiple stage crushing function anti-blocking even applies fertilizer apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The crushing, anti-blocking, and uniform fertilizer applicator with multi-stage crushing function belongs to agricultural machinery: the intermeshing left and right drive gear shafts, which are rotatably assembled at the lower part of the casing, transmit the motion to the left and right slave gear shafts respectively through the left and right transition gear shafts. On the moving gear shaft, the left and right-handed involute fertilizer discharge gears are respectively fixed in the middle of the left and right driving gear shafts, and the right-handed cone ridge crushing with the spiral anti-stick crushing cone ridges uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction is fixed in the middle of the left and right driven gear shafts. Roller, the spiral anti-stick crushing cone ridge in right-handed spiral line is composed of alternating cone surfaces and saddle surfaces. The centering gap of the right-handed cone ridge crushing roller is larger than the side wall gap. The invention uses the impact of the crushing roller to rotate, roll, and crush the large pieces of agglomerated fertilizer into small pieces of fertilizer and bulk fertilizer, and use its internal circulating flow to further crush, and then use the helical involute fertilizer discharge gear. The fertilizer is discharged in a uniform and constant amount after secondary crushing. At the same time, the device has novel structure, high reliability and strong adaptability.

Description

Crushing, anti-blocking and uniform fertilizing and discharging device with multi-stage crushing function

technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a crushing, blocking, and uniform fertilizing and discharging device with multi-stage crushing function.

Background technique

Granular fertilizers often agglomerate during storage and transportation due to the formation of crystal bonds between particles (that is, "crystal bridges"), which cause headaches for many farmers and dealers, especially when fertilizers are stacked in warehouses for a period of time. Time is the most likely to cause agglomeration of granular fertilizers, and the longer the time, the more serious the agglomeration problem. Therefore, before the fertilization operation, the agglomerated fertilizer needs to be crushed and pretreated manually or mechanically. The production cost is high, the labor intensity is high, and the crushed fertilizer still remains agglomerated fertilizer. Fertilizers, horizontal screw conveyor fertilizer dischargers, and no-tillage helical groove wheel fertilizer dischargers do not have the design function of crushing and discharging fertilizers. Therefore, the applicant (Northeast Forestry University) invented a gap meshing involute helical gear to solve this problem. The anti-blocking and fertilizer-discharging device (patent number: CN201820823354.X), which adopts a pair of involute helical-toothed fertilizer-discharging wheels to reverse the center of the crushing and discharging, has better operation quality and good uniformity of fertilizer discharge flow, but In the process of its practical application, it is found that the special involute helical tooth fertilizer wheel structure has a certain limitation on the crushing size of the agglomerated fertilizer. When the size of the agglomerated fertilizer is too large, the crushing effect is poor, and the time It is long, affecting the normal work of the fertilizer discharger, and sometimes there is a problem that the agglomerated fertilizer stays on the upper part of the two rows of fertilizer wheels to block the fertilizer discharger. Therefore, the involute helical gear anti-blocking fertilizer discharge device is meshed with the original gap. It is of great practical significance and certain market application prospects to develop a new type of crushing and anti-blocking fertilizer discharger with multi-stage crushing of large agglomerated fertilizers, good crushing effect and good uniformity of fertilizer discharge flow.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to research and design a crushing, blocking, and uniform fertilizing and discharging device with multi-stage crushing function in view of the specific problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The roller rotates in the opposite direction, and the impact of the crushing roller is used to rotate and roll, crush the large agglomerated fertilizer on the upper part into small pieces of fertilizer and bulk fertilizer, and use its internal circulating flow to further crush, and then use The left and right-handed involute fertilizer discharge gears are rotated in the center to carry out secondary crushing, and the crushed fertilizer is discharged in a uniform and constant manner.

The purpose created by the present invention is achieved in this way, the housing with the mounting holes on the upper part of the two sides can be rotated to assemble the left and right drive gear shafts from bottom to top, the left and right transition gear shafts and the left and right driven gear shafts, meshing with each other The left and right drive gear shafts transmit the motion to the left and right driven gear shafts respectively through the left and right transition gear shafts, and the left and right drive gear shafts with hexagonal holes inside are respectively fixed with left and right involute rows. Fat gear, right-handed cone ridge crushing rollers with circumferentially evenly distributed spiral anti-stick crushing cone ridges are fixed in the middle of the left and right driven gear shafts. And the spiral anti-stick crushing cone ridge is in the shape of a right-handed spiral as a whole, the lower part of the casing is provided with a fertilizer outlet, and the center gap between the right-handed cone-ridge crushing rollers in the middle of the two right-handed cone-ridge crushing rollers is larger than the right-handed cone-ridge crushing. The right-handed cone ridge between the roller and the inner wall of the shell crushes the gap between the side walls of the roller, and thus constitutes a crushing, anti-blocking and uniform fertilizing and spreading device with multi-stage crushing function.

The invention creates and utilizes the gear meshing of the gear train to transmit the external power to the corresponding gear shaft, so as to realize the left and right-handed involute fertilization gears and the right-handed conical ridge fixedly mounted on the driving gear shaft and the driven gear shaft. The crushing rollers rotate in the opposite direction, and a pair of right-handed cone-ridge crushing rollers use the spiral anti-stick crushing cones composed of the conical surface and the saddle surface evenly distributed around the circumference to stir the large lumps of agglomerated fertilizer into the crushing and crushing into small pieces. At the same time, the rotation of the two crushing rollers is opposite, and the spiral anti-stick crushing cone ridges are all right-handed, which will have a reverse rotation and tearing effect on the agglomerated fertilizer located on the upper part of the crushing roller. Combined with the crushing ridges of the cone surface and the saddle surface The structure increases the crushing performance of the agglomerated fertilizer and improves the anti-stickiness of the crushing roller. The crushed small pieces of fertilizer form a circumferential circulation movement at the lower part of the crushing roller, and form "∞" in the circumferential direction of the two crushing rollers. The circular flow movement further crushes the small agglomerated fertilizers, and the fertilizers (including small agglomerated fertilizers and bulk fertilizers) that are filled in the lower part of the crushing roller and processed by the primary crushing are centered and rotated. Left and right-handed involutes After the final tooth surface rubbing, squeezing and crushing of the fertilizer discharge gear, the fertilizer holding gap formed along the involute tooth surface of the helical tooth is discharged in a uniform and constant manner. The design function of uniform and constant crushing and fertilizer discharge flow. At the same time, the device has the characteristics of novel design, strong adaptability and high reliability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the axonometric view of the internal structure of the crushing, blocking, and uniform fertilizing and discharging device with multi-stage crushing function;

Fig. 2 is the front view of the crushing, blocking, and uniform fertilizing and dispersing device with multi-stage crushing function;

Fig. 3 is the top view of the crushing, blocking, and uniform fertilizing and discharging device with multi-stage crushing function marked with the fertilizer flow track;

Fig. 4 is the front sectional view of the crushing, anti-blocking and uniform fertilizing and discharging device with multi-stage crushing function marked with fertilizer flow trajectory;

Figure 5 is an axonometric view of a right-handed cone-ridge crushing roller;

In the figure: 1. Installation hole 2. Housing 3. Right-handed cone-ridge crushing roller 4. Left driven gear shaft 5. Left transition gear shaft 6. Left-handed involute fertilizer discharge gear 7. Left drive gear shaft 8. Hexagon Hole 9. Fertilizer discharge port 10. Right drive gear shaft 11. Right-handed involute fertilizer discharge gear 12. Right transition gear shaft 13. Right driven gear shaft 14. Spiral anti-stick crushing cone ridge 15. Conical surface 16. Saddle 17. The axial pushing direction of the right-handed cone-ridge crushing roller fitted with the right driven gear shaft to the fertilizer in contact with it In the pushing direction 19. The two right-handed cone ridges are crushed to the middle of the circular cycle of the fertilizer. 20. The left and right-handed involute fertilizer discharge gears are in the middle of the upper and lower secondary crushing and discharge movement track 21. The two right-handed cone ridges are broken The first-level fertilizer crushing of the rollers and the circular movement direction curve of the fertilizer a. Right-handed cone-ridge crushing roller sidewall gap b.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

The crushing, anti-blocking and uniform fertilizer applicator with multi-stage crushing function. The casing 2 with the mounting holes 1 on the upper sides of the two sides can be rotated to assemble the left and right drive gear shafts 7 and 10, and the left and right transition gear shafts 5 from bottom to top. , 12 and the left and right driven gear shafts 4 and 13, the left and right driving gear shafts 7 and 10 meshing with each other transmit the motion to the left and right driven gear shafts 4 and 10 respectively through the left and right transition gear shafts 5 and 12. 13. The left and right drive gear shafts 7 and 10 with hexagonal holes 8 inside are respectively fixed with left and right involute fat removal gears 6 and 11, and the left and right driven gear shafts 4 and 13 are fixed in the middle. The right-handed cone ridge crushing rollers 3 with spiral anti-stick crushing cone ridges 14 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. Right-handed helical shape, the lower part of the casing 2 is provided with a fertilizer outlet 9, and the centering gap b of the right-handed cone-ridge crushing rollers in the middle of the two right-handed cone-ridge crushing rollers 3 is larger than the right-handed cone-ridge crushing roller 3 and the shell. 2. The right-handed cone ridge between the inner walls is the side wall gap a of the crushing roller.

During operation, the shell 2 is fixed on the fertilizer discharge port of the fertilizer box through the mounting holes 1 provided on the upper part of the two sides, the fertilizer discharge port 9 at the lower end of the shell 2 is connected to the fertilizer discharge pipe, and the lower end of the fertilizer discharge pipe is connected to the fertilizer opener. At the same time, according to the actual rotation direction of the fertilizer spreader, pass the driving hexagonal shaft of the fertilizer applicator through the hexagonal hole 8 of one of the left and right driving gear shafts 7 and 10, and pour the fertilizer containing agglomerated fertilizer into the fertilizer. Then the fertilizer will be filled into the upper part of the shell 2 by gravity, and the agglomerated fertilizers and bulk fertilizers whose size is smaller than the gap a of the side wall of the right-handed cone-ridge crushing roller and the center gap b of the right-handed cone-ridge crushing roller will be The crushing roller 3 slides down and accumulates to the upper part of the left and right-handed involute fertilization gears 6 and 11 in the casing 2 .

When the fertilizer spreader is working, the power of the external hexagonal shaft will drive the left and right driving gear shafts 7 and 10 meshing with each other to rotate in the opposite direction through the hexagonal hole 8. , The right driven gear shafts 4 and 13 rotate in the opposite direction, then a pair of right-handed cone-ridge crushing rollers 3 and left fixed on the left and right driven gear shafts 4 and 13 and the left and right drive gear shafts , Right-handed involute fertilizer gears 6 and 11 all rotate in the opposite direction.

The large agglomerated fertilizer located on the upper part of the crushing roller is pushed by a pair of rotating right-handed cone-ridge crushing rollers 3 to the upper part of the center gap of the crushing rollers, and is evenly distributed around the circumference of the right-handed cone-ridge crushing roller 3 by the conical surface 15 and the saddle. The spiral anti-stick crushing cone 14 composed of the surface 16 is stirred into the fertilizer that is squeezed and broken into small pieces. At the same time, the directions of the two crushing rollers are opposite, and the spiral anti-stick crushing cone 14 is in the shape of a right-handed helix. All the fertilizers in the upper part are produced such as 17 (the axial pushing direction of the right-handed cone-ridge crushing roller equipped with the right driven gear shaft to the fertilizer in contact with it) and 18 (the right-handed cone-ridge crushing roller equipped with the left driven gear shaft). The pushing action in the direction indicated by the axial pushing direction of the fertilizer in contact with it) will cause reverse rotation and tearing of the large agglomerated fertilizer in the middle and upper parts of the two crushing rollers, combined with the conical surface 15 and the saddle surface 16 The formed crushing ridge structure further improves the crushing performance of the agglomerated fertilizer, and improves the anti-stickiness of the crushing roller. The circumferential circulation movement shown in the circular circulation pushing direction of the fertilizer in the middle part), and in the circumferential direction of the two right-handed cone-ridge crushing rollers 3, such as 21 (two right-handed cone-ridge crushing rollers for primary fertilizer crushing and The “∞”-shaped circulation motion shown by the circular movement of the circular direction curve) further crushes the small agglomerated fertilizer, and fills the lower part of the right-handed cone-ridge crushing roller 3. Fertilizers and bulk fertilizers) are rubbed and crushed by the left and right-handed involute fertilizer discharge gears 6 and 11 that rotate in the center, and the volume formed along the involute tooth surface of the helical teeth is formed after the final tooth surface secondary rubbing and crushing. The fertilizer gap is discharged in a uniform and constant manner. So far, the design function of multi-stage crushing of large pieces of fertilizer and uniform and constant fertilizer discharge flow has been realized.

Claims (1)

1. being crushed with multiple stage crushing function is anti-blocking even to apply fertilizer apparatus, it is characterised in that: mounting hole (1) is arranged in two upper lateral parts Shell (2) successively rotatably assembly left and right driving gear shaft (7,10) from the bottom to top, left and right transition gear axle (5,12) and a left side, Right driven gear shaft (4,13), intermeshing left and right driving gear shaft (7,10) respectively by left and right transition gear axle (5, 12) movement is passed to left and right driven gear shaft (4,13), inside has in the left and right driving gear shaft (7,10) of hexagonal hole (8) Portion is fixedly mounted with left and right rotation involute fertilizer gear (6,11) respectively, is fixedly mounted in the middle part of the left and right driven gear shaft (4,13) circumferential equal Ridge breaker roll (3) are bored in the dextrorotation of anti-sticking broken cone ridge (14) of cloth spiral, and the anti-sticking broken cone ridge (14) of spiral is by equidistantly handing over Circular conical surface (15) and saddle camber (16) composition replaced, and the anti-sticking broken cone ridge (14) of spiral is integrally linear in right hand helix, it is described Shell (2) lower part is equipped with defertilizing opening (9), and it is big to intermediate gap (b) that the dextrorotation cone ridge breaker roll in the middle part of ridge breaker roll (3) is bored in two dextrorotation The dextrorotation between ridge breaker roll (3) and shell (2) inner wall, which is bored, in dextrorotation bores ridge breaker roll sidewall spacers (a).