CN110017366B

CN110017366B - Planetary gear train comprising a planetary gear carrier, planetary gears, planetary gear pins and a lubrication device

Info

Publication number: CN110017366B
Application number: CN201811478733.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 拉尔夫·申普夫; 托马斯·斯米塔那; 马丁·格罗舍尔
Original assignee: Schaeffler Holding China Co Ltd
Current assignee: Schaeffler Holding China Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-12-06
Filing date: 2018-12-05
Publication date: 2024-10-18
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-05
Also published as: CN110017366A; DE102018120930A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a planetary gear transmission mechanism, which is provided with a planetary gear carrier, a planetary gear pin and lubricating equipment, and is characterized in that: the respective planet pins are accommodated on the planet carrier, wherein each planet pin is supported in the planet carrier at least at a bearing point, at least one of the planet gears is supported on a bearing surface of the planet pin, the lubrication device is formed by at least one channel-like lubricant feed formed in the planet carrier, a sleeve, at least one inflow channel and at least one outflow channel, the planet pins have an axially extending pin axis and are provided on the inside with a bore extending along the pin axis and with an inflow channel and an outflow channel leading from the bore to the bearing surface, respectively, the sleeve being located in the bore, the lubricant feed being connected to the inflow channel in a manner which is penetrable for lubricating oil.

Description

Planetary gear train comprising a planetary gear carrier, planetary gears, planetary gear pins and a lubrication device

Technical Field

A planetary gear transmission having a planetary carrier, planetary gears, planetary gear pins and having a lubrication apparatus, the planetary gear transmission having the following features:

the respective planet pins are accommodated on the planet carrier, wherein each planet pin is supported in the planet carrier at least at the bearing point,

At least one of the planet gears is supported on a bearing surface of the planet gear pin,

The lubrication system is formed by at least one channel-like lubricant delivery device formed in the planet carrier, comprising a sleeve, at least one inflow channel and at least one outflow channel,

The planetary gear pin has an axially extending pin axis and is provided on the inside with a bore extending along the pin axis and with an inflow channel into the bore and an outflow channel from the bore to the bearing surface, respectively,

The sleeve is located in the bore.

Background

Planetary gear pins of such a planetary gear are known from WO14015253 A1. In planetary gear sets of motor vehicles, the lubricating oil is generally distributed via the rotating components of the planetary gear set. Therefore, adequate lubrication of the planetary gear support is difficult. Accordingly, special attention is paid to the oil supply to the planetary gear support. The lubrication device thus has means for collecting the lubricating oil, from which the channel-like lubricant conveying means lead to the respective planetary gear support. The planetary gear bearing is generally formed by a planetary gear pin, a bearing point for the planetary gear pin in the planetary gear carrier and a planetary gear bearing. In many known planetary gear systems, a channel-like lubricant supply is formed in the planetary gear carrier and leads there to the inflow channel of the planetary gear pin. The lubricating oil is collected in a completely different device during operation of the planetary gear and is guided by centrifugal force into the planetary gear pin via the channel-like lubricant delivery device and the corresponding inflow channel. The inflow channels open into bores which are formed coaxially in the respective planetary gear pin. From the hole, the lubricant should be led directly to the bearing means of the planet gear via one or more outflow channels of the planet gear pin. The holes on the planet pins are blind holes, so that the planet pins are provided with openings on only one side. In order to keep as much lubrication oil as possible when the planet gears rotate, according to the arrangement of WO14015253A1, the openings of the holes in the planet pins are closed by the bottom of the sleeve. The sleeve is pressed into the planetary pin and is provided with openings, via which lubricating oil passes from the inflow channel of the planetary pin into the cavity of the blind bore of the planetary pin. The other opening of the sleeve is opposite the corresponding outflow channel in a manner that is permeable for lubricating oil. As a result of this arrangement, the lubricating oil is held in the planet gear pins in a targeted manner and from there is directed directly to the bearing devices of the respective planet gears.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the invention is to provide a planetary gear in which the lubrication performance can be improved and which can be produced simply and at low cost. Further, a weight reduction is noted.

The object is achieved according to the subject matter of the invention. It is hereby provided that the at least one first wall section of the sleeve located in the bore of the planetary gear pin together with the second wall section of the planetary gear pin radially delimits the annular channel of the lubrication device. The annular channel surrounds the pin axis internally in the bore of the planetary pin and is delimited radially externally by an inner cylindrical wall section of the planetary pin and radially internally by a wall section of the sleeve. According to the invention, the annular channel is also closed axially relative to the bore of the planetary pin by the sleeve.

In the devices known to date and described in the section "background", the entire cavity formed by the bore in the planetary pin is closed only axially by the bottom of the sleeve. The efficiency of delivering lubricating oil to the planetary gear bearing can decrease as the diameter of the planetary gear pin increases as follows: the cavity in the interior of the planetary pin, which is delimited by the bottom of the sleeve, becomes excessively large. This results in that the lubricating oil does not effectively flow immediately to the respective outflow channel, but is distributed firstly over the wall of the sleeve. The reduction of the diameter of the hole in the planet pin is helpful in this case. This measure in turn results in a relatively thick wall of the planet pin. The thick walls of the planetary gear pins negatively affect the weight and material consumption of the planetary gear train.

The advantage of the invention is that in the planetary gear according to the invention, the entire cavity of the planetary gear pin for collecting lubricating oil is now no longer delimited, but only the annular channel. The volume of the annular channel can be achieved by the design and size of the sleeve in conformity with the desired flow relationship of the lubricating oil and is independent of the volume of the bore in the planetary pin when the pin diameter is larger. The wall thickness of the respective planetary gear pin can only be selected as a function of its load, so that the weight of the planetary gear pin can advantageously also be reduced.

The radial direction is transverse to the pin axis of the respective planet pin or transverse to the central axis of the planet carrier. The axial direction is accordingly co-axial with the pin axis or central axis. The outflow channel leads from the annular channel to a bearing surface on the outer surface of the planetary pin. The bearing surface is a rolling raceway, a sliding raceway or a seat for the bearing ring. The respective planetary gear bearing is accordingly a rolling bearing or a sliding bearing. The inflow and outflow channels in the planetary pin are generally channels that leave a bore extending axially along the pin axis of the planetary pin laterally, i.e. in a radial direction. The channels are usually formed as bores. The lubricant supply is a channel which, together with the inflow channel, ensures a connection to the annular channel which is permeable to lubricant, i.e. opens into the annular channel. The corresponding outflow channel in the planetary pin is lubricant-penetrable and is connected with the annular channel. The lubricating oil guided via the lubricant delivery device collects in the annular channel and from there is guided directly on a short path into the outflow channel. When the wall section of the sleeve and the annular channel delimited by the sleeve extend axially up to the opening of the bore in the planetary pin, then at least the side of the annular channel axially facing the bore is also axially closed by means of the sleeve.

In one embodiment of the invention, the annular channel is closed off axially to both axial sides of the bore by a sleeve. Accordingly, the present invention can be applied to a planetary gear pin in which the hole is a through hole. Blind holes in the planet pins are typically drilled axially. Accordingly, the production thereof is complicated. Furthermore, the planetary gear pin has a relatively high weight due to its closed end which it forms. In general, a planetary gear pin having a through hole can be manufactured more simply and at lower cost because a blank thereof can be cut from a tube. High-cost drilling is eliminated. In addition, the material of the planetary gear pin is also omitted from having a portion which is formed from the material of the closed end of the planetary gear pin with a blind hole and which is cut during drilling. The planetary gear pin is lighter and saves material.

A design of the invention is proposed in which the sleeve is formed by a cylindrical basic body which widens radially on the end side or on both sides or only on one side. The cylindrical base body delimits the annular gap radially inwards, and the widening(s) delimit the annular gap axially. By this design of the sleeve, a simple and targeted design and widening of the annular channel above the dimensions of the basic body is possible. Starting from a hollow-cylindrical blank, one axial end of the blank or both axial ends of the blank are preferably widened radially from the basic body to the inner diameter of the bore of the planetary pin. Such a sleeve can advantageously be produced relatively simply and cost-effectively from a thin-walled hollow-cylindrical blank by cold-forming.

By means of a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the diameter, preferably the outer diameter, of the basic body is smaller than the inner diameter of the bore in the planetary gear pin. Half the difference between the diameter of the basic body and the inner diameter of the bore gives a radial height of the annular channel which can be specifically designed by selecting the dimensions of the sleeve. The radially widened section of the sleeve has an outer diameter whose nominal dimension (Nennma β) corresponds to the nominal dimension of the inner diameter of the bore, so that advantageously by designing the outer diameter of the widened portion(s) a sliding fit, a sealing fit or a press fit between the sleeve and the planetary gear pin can be set, by means of which the annular channel can be sealed off from its surroundings.

Another embodiment of the invention provides that the sleeve has a through-hole extending axially along the pin axis, which is surrounded by an annular channel and which opens axially into the bore of the planet pin or into the surroundings of the planet carrier at the opening of the bore. The annular channel and the through-hole are separated from each other radially and/or axially by a wall or a sub-section of the wall of the sleeve.

In contrast to arrangements with blind holes, a further passage in the planetary gear pin is advantageously achieved, irrespective of the targeted delivery of lubricating oil via the annular channel, via which passage an exchange of lubricating oil between the two sides of the planetary gear mechanism is possible.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that the inflow channel is connected to the environment of the planetary gear (planetary carrier) so that, advantageously, irrespective of the lubricant supply, additional lubricant can be introduced into the associated planetary gear pin.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a partial section of a planetary gear 1 along one of the pin axes 10 of one of the planetary gear pins 3 fitted into the planetary gear 1;

Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section, not to scale, along the line A-A according to fig. 1;

Fig. 3 shows a side view of an embodiment of the planetary gear 1 in simplified form;

fig. 4 shows a rough schematic representation of an electrically operated vehicle 34 or a hybrid vehicle.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.

Fig. 3 shows a side view of an exemplary embodiment of a planetary gear 1 in a simplified manner. The planetary gear 1 has a planetary carrier 4, planetary gears 5 and planetary gear pins 3. The planet gears 5 are each rotatably supported on the planet gear pins 3 about a respective pin axis 10 and mesh with the sun gear 6 and the ring gear 7. The sun gear 6 is connected to a drive shaft 8 and is oriented coaxially with the central axis 9 of the planetary gear 1.

Fig. 1 shows a partial section of the planetary gear 1 along one of the pin axes 10 of one of the planetary gear pins 3 incorporated in the planetary gear 1. The planetary gears 5 are rotatably mounted on the planetary gear pins 3 about pin axes 10 by means of rolling bearings 11 in the form of needle bearings. The needle rollers roll directly on the support surface 2 formed by the surface of the planetary pin 3. The planet pin 3 is fixedly received in the planet carrier 4 twice, i.e. on the left in the carrier plate 12 and on the right in the carrier plate 13, in each case at the bearing points 41 or 42.

The lubrication system is formed by a lubricant supply 14 and a sleeve 15, two inflow channels 16 and 17 and an outflow channel 18. The lubricant delivery device 14 is a channel which extends in the radial direction through a section of the carrier plate 13. The respective planetary gear pin 3 is provided internally with a bore 19 which is formed as a through bore and is oriented axially. The symmetry axis of the cylindrically formed bore 19 is the pin axis 10. In the wall 20 of the planetary pin, not only the respective inflow channels 16 and 17, but also the outflow channel 18 are formed as transverse bores oriented transversely (radially) to the pin axis 10.

The sleeve 15 is located in the bore 19 and delimits the annular channel 22 radially inwards towards the pin axis 10 by means of the wall section 21. On the outside, the annular channel 22 is delimited by a wall section 23 of the planetary pin 3. Furthermore, the annular channel 22 is delimited in the axial direction by funnel-shaped widenings 24 and 25 and is closed off from the bore 19. The annular channel 22 extends rotationally symmetrically about the pin axis 10. The wall section 21 is formed on a hollow-cylindrical base body 26 of the sleeve 15. The wall sections of the widenings 24 and 25 extend along the pin axis 10 in the radial direction by rising towards the inner wall of the planetary pin 3. The basic body 26 of the sleeve 15 has a first (outer) diameter 27 which is smaller than a second (inner) diameter 28 of the bore 19. The height of the annular channel 22 is derived from half the difference between the diameters 27 and 28. The widened portion 24 is provided with a cylindrical section 29, the (outer) diameter 30 of which corresponds to the diameter 28 of the bore 19. The sleeve 15 is placed by means of a press fit, which is produced between the inner wall of the bore 19 in the planetary pin 3 and the cylindrical section 29. The wall section 21 of the sleeve 15 extending between the widenings 24 and 25 is hollow-cylindrical and delimits the through-opening 31. The through-hole 31 is surrounded by the annular channel 22 and separated therefrom by the wall section 21.

The planet pins 3 extend axially beyond the plane of the carrier plate 13. On the outer part of the planet pin 3 there is an opening of the inflow channel 16, which thus opens at one end into the environment of the planet carrier 4 and at the other end into the annular channel 22. The other inflow channel 17 connects the lubricant supply 14 formed in the planet carrier 4 with the annular channel 22. The lubricant supply 14 and the inflow channel 17 pass through the bearing point 41 of the planetary pin 3.

Fig. 1 and 2: the lubricant flow, which is indicated by the arrow in the view according to fig. 1, is received at the recess (Kehle) 32 and is collected in the expansion 33 of the inflow channel 17 via the channel-like lubricant delivery device 14 and is guided therefrom into the annular channel 22. The cross section of the expansion 33 is shown in fig. 2 in a not-to-scale longitudinal section along the line A-A according to fig. 1, and can also alternatively be an annular groove extending around the pin axis 10.

Fig. 4 shows a rough schematic representation of an electrically operated vehicle 34 or a hybrid vehicle. The vehicle 34 has an electric drive unit at the rear axle, which has an electric motor 35. The use of the planetary gear 1 according to the invention is conceivable in such a drive unit. The planetary gear can be arranged coaxially on the axis 39, for example, in conjunction with the drive connection 36 and the electric motor 35, and can be operatively connected to the driven wheels 37 and 38 of the rear axle via the output shaft 8.

List of reference numerals

1. Planetary gear transmission mechanism

2. Bearing surface of planetary gear pin

3. Planetary gear pin

4. Planet gear carrier

5. Planetary gear

6. Sun gear

7. Gear ring

8. Driving shaft

9. Central axis of planetary gear

10. Pin axis of planetary gear pin

11. Rolling bearing

12. Carrier plate of planet gear carrier

13. Carrier plate of planet gear carrier

14. Lubricant conveying device

15. Sleeve barrel

16. Inflow channel

17. Inflow channel

18. Outflow channel

19. Holes in planetary gear pins

20. Wall of planetary gear pin

21. Wall section of sleeve

22. Annular channel

23. Wall section of a planetary gear pin

24. Widened portion

25. Widened portion

26. Base body

27. Diameter of the base body

28. Diameter of hole

29. Cylindrical section

30. Diameter of cylindrical section

31. Through-hole passing through sleeve

32. Recess (es)

33. Expansion part

34. Vehicle with a vehicle body having a vehicle body support

35. Motor with a motor housing

36. Transmission connecting device

37. Driven wheel

38. Driven wheel

39. An axis line

40. Longitudinal axis

41. Support part

42. Support part

Claims

1. A planetary gear transmission (1) having a planetary carrier (4), a planetary gear (5), a planetary gear pin (3) and a lubrication device, the planetary gear transmission having the following features:

The respective planetary gear pin (3) is accommodated on the planetary gear carrier (4), wherein each planetary gear pin (3) is supported in the planetary gear carrier (4) at least at a support point (41),

At least one of the planetary gears (5) is supported on the bearing surface (2) of the planetary gear pin (3),

The lubrication system is formed by at least one channel-like lubricant supply (14) formed in the planet carrier (4), a sleeve (15), at least one inflow channel (16, 17) and at least one outflow channel (18),

The planetary gear pin (3) has an axially extending pin axis (10) and is provided on the inside with a bore (19) extending along the pin axis (10) and with inflow channels (16, 17) each opening into the bore (19) and outflow channels (18) each opening from the bore (19) into the support surface (2),

-Said sleeve (15) being located in said hole (19),

The lubricant supply device (14) is connected to the inflow channel (17) so as to be permeable to lubricating oil,

-At least one first wall section (21) of the sleeve (15) radially delimits an annular channel (22) of the lubrication device together with a second wall section (23) of the planetary pin (3), wherein the annular channel (22) surrounds the pin axis (10) internally in the bore (19) of the planetary pin (3),

The outflow channel (18) leads from the annular channel (22) to the support surface (2),

-The annular channel (22) is also axially closed at least towards one side by the sleeve (15) with respect to the hole (19).

2. The planetary gear set according to claim 1,

Wherein the annular channel (22) is closed off axially by the sleeve (15) towards both axial sides of the bore (19).

3. The planetary gear set according to claim 1,

Wherein the sleeve (15) has a cylindrical basic body (26) and is provided at the end side with at least one radial widening (24, 25) connected to the basic body (26), wherein the basic body (26) is provided with the wall section (21), and wherein the annular channel (22) is closed at the end side in both axial directions by the widening (24, 25) of the sleeve.

4. The planetary gear set according to claim 1,

Wherein the sleeve (15) has a cylindrical basic body (26) with a first diameter (27) which is smaller than a second diameter (28) of the bore (19), wherein the sleeve (15) is provided with radial widenings (24, 25) at least axially towards one side, and wherein the widenings (24, 25) have a third diameter (30) which is equal to the second diameter.

5. The planetary gear set according to claim 4,

Wherein the sleeve is located in the bore (19) of the planetary gear pin (3) at least at one location by means of a press fit between the widened portion (24) and the planetary gear pin (3).

6. The planetary gear set according to claim 1,

Wherein the sleeve (15) has a through-hole (31) extending axially along the pin axis (10), which is surrounded by the annular channel (22) and which opens axially into the bore (19) of the planetary gear pin (3) or into the surroundings of the planetary gear carrier (4) at the opening of the bore (19).

7. The planetary gear set according to claim 1,

Wherein a first inflow channel (16) connected to the environment of the planetary gear (1) opens out into the annular channel (22) from the outside of the planet carrier (4) in a manner that allows lubricating oil to pass through.

8. The planetary gear set according to any one of claims 1 to 7,

Wherein the lubricant supply device (14) opens out from the environment of the planet carrier (4) into an inflow channel (17) in a penetrating manner, wherein the inflow channel (17) opens out into the annular channel (22).

9. The planetary gear set according to claim 8,

Wherein not only the lubricant supply device (14) but also the inflow channel (17) is guided through the bearing point (41), wherein the planet pin (3) is supported in the planet carrier (4) at the bearing point.

10. The planetary gear set according to claim 5,

Wherein the sleeve (15) has a cylindrical section at the widening (24), the outer diameter of which is equal to the third diameter (30).