CN110016584B - Wire rod and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Wire rod and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110016584B CN110016584B CN201910425450.8A CN201910425450A CN110016584B CN 110016584 B CN110016584 B CN 110016584B CN 201910425450 A CN201910425450 A CN 201910425450A CN 110016584 B CN110016584 B CN 110016584B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/01—Alloys based on copper with aluminium as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wire and a preparation method thereof, wherein the wire comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.45 to 0.95 percent of silicon, 7.5 to 9.5 percent of aluminum, 6.0 to 10.5 percent of zinc, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of ferrum, 0.2 to 0.5 percent of magnesium, 0.05 to 0.65 percent of nickel, 0.08 to 0.14 percent of boron, 0.02 to 0.035 percent of yttrium, 0.015 to 0.018 percent of tin, 0.002 to 0.015 percent of tungsten, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of chromium, 0.08 to 0.15 percent of manganese, 0.02 to 0.07 percent of zirconium, 0.03 to 0.08 percent of beryllium, and the balance of copper and inevitable impurities. The invention ensures the strength and the wear resistance of the material, improves the impact toughness and the fracture resistance of the material, and leads the comprehensive performance indexes of the product such as strength, wear resistance, fracture resistance and the like to fully reach the advanced level of domestic similar products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy wire manufacturing, and particularly relates to a wire and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The copper alloy wire has excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, ductility and corrosion resistance. As an electrical wiring body of a moving body such as an automobile, a train, an airplane, or an industrial robot, a member called a wire harness, which is formed by attaching a terminal (connector) made of copper or a copper alloy (e.g., brass) to an electric wire including a conductor of copper or a copper alloy, has been used. In recent years, high performance and high functionality of automobiles have been rapidly developed, and along with this, the number of various electrical devices, control devices, and the like mounted on automobiles has increased, and the number of electrical wiring bodies used for these devices also tends to increase. With the rapid development of the automobile industry, higher requirements are put on the wear resistance of the copper alloy wire.
In addition, in the production process of brass, rod blanks drawn by a smelting furnace are drawn by a huge drawing machine or a large drawing machine and then enter subsequent process processing, but the defects of internal crack of a wire core, stress crack, distortion, drawing fracture, uneven thickness of a pipe, scratch of the surface of a product and the like are often generated in the huge drawing process, the tissue structure of a wire is changed to a certain extent, the defects in a casting blank are amplified, and the subsequent production is not facilitated.
In the existing alloy wire, because the proportion of some alloy elements is unreasonable, the hardness and the wear resistance of the material are not high, and the impact toughness and the fracture resistance of the material are not good.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a wire and a preparation method thereof, aiming at ensuring the strength and the wear resistance of the material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a wire rod comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.45 to 0.95 percent of silicon, 7.5 to 9.5 percent of aluminum, 6.0 to 10.5 percent of zinc, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of ferrum, 0.2 to 0.5 percent of magnesium, 0.05 to 0.65 percent of nickel, 0.08 to 0.14 percent of boron, 0.02 to 0.035 percent of yttrium, 0.015 to 0.018 percent of tin, 0.002 to 0.015 percent of tungsten, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of chromium, 0.08 to 0.15 percent of manganese, 0.02 to 0.07 percent of zirconium, 0.03 to 0.08 percent of beryllium, and the balance of copper and inevitable impurities.
Preferably, the wire rod comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.65% of silicon, 8.5% of aluminum, 9.5% of zinc, 0.25% of iron, 0.2% of magnesium, 0.5% of nickel, 0.12% of boron, 0.028% of yttrium, 0.016% of tin, 0.01% of tungsten, 0.2% of chromium, 0.1% of manganese, 0.05% of zirconium and 0.05% of beryllium, and the balance of copper and inevitable impurities, wherein the weight percentage of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.02%. The reasonable setting of the alloy element proportion ensures the strength and the wear resistance of the material, and simultaneously improves the impact toughness and the fracture resistance of the material.
The preparation method of the wire rod comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing raw material components according to a formula, and conveying the raw material components to a smelting furnace for smelting treatment;
step two, continuously casting and continuously rolling the copper alloy rod;
step three, sequentially carrying out skin-drawing and homogenizing annealing treatment on the copper alloy rod;
drawing the wire rod into a required wire rod through a wire drawing machine;
and step five, preserving the heat of the prepared wire for 2-3h at the temperature of 380-420 ℃, cooling to 220 ℃ at the cooling speed of less than or equal to 50 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 2-3h, then placing the wire into 20-30 ℃ saline water to cool to 80-100 ℃, taking out the wire, raising the temperature to 350 ℃ at the speed of 160 ℃/h of 150-100 ℃, preserving the heat for 3-4h, raising the temperature to 430 ℃ at the speed of 90-100 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 2-3h, reducing the temperature to below 200 ℃ at the speed of 70-80 ℃/h, and cooling the wire to room temperature by air.
Preferably, the smelting temperature of the smelting furnace is 1350-1380 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature of the homogenization annealing treatment is set to 650-750 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-3 h.
Preferably, the continuous rolling adopts a multi-pass continuous rolling method for rolling. The grooves and roughness generated on the surface of the wire rod in the traditional wire drawing process are avoided, and the compactness of the front-way blank of the product is ensured. When the copper bus is continuously rolled, the original internal casting defects of the copper rod, such as air holes, shrinkage porosity and the like, can be eliminated in the continuous extrusion process under the continuous casting and rolling stress condition of the copper blank, the phenomenon that the transverse defects are expanded under the action of the axial tensile stress of the copper rod, like a drawing process, can be avoided, the produced copper bus can obtain excellent performance, and the produced copper bus has very fine grain size and compact internal organization. Meanwhile, the influence of the surface defects and mechanical damage of the raw materials on the product quality can be eliminated, and the defects of warping, burrs and the like which are easily caused by the traditional process method can not be generated on the surface of the product, so that the copper bus has good surface quality and performance.
Further, the wire rod manufactured by the wire drawing machine is manufactured into a Y-shaped wire rod by a Y-tooth finished product machine. Adopt the three-dimensional heterotypic rolling structure of quadriversal, improve Y type wire rod rolling precision, can directly compress tightly the strap when guaranteeing the post manufacture zip fastener, ensure that the utilization ratio of wire rod production zip fastener is close to 100%. In the Y-shaped zipper line forming process, upper, lower, left and right rollers are adopted to realize four-direction three-dimensional symmetrical rolling, so that the surface of a product is smooth and clean, the tissue is compact, and the size is stable.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention ensures the strength and the wear resistance of the material, improves the impact toughness and the fracture resistance of the material, and leads the comprehensive performance indexes of the product such as strength, wear resistance, fracture resistance and the like to fully reach the advanced level of domestic similar products.
2. By adopting a multi-pass continuous rolling method, grooves and roughness generated on the surface of the wire rod in the traditional wire drawing process are avoided, and the compactness of the front-pass blank of the product is ensured.
3. Good corrosion resistance, fatigue aging resistance and wide application prospect.
Detailed Description
The following examples are included to provide further detailed description of the embodiments of the invention and to provide those skilled in the art with a more complete, concise and complete understanding of the principles and spirit of the invention, and to facilitate its practice.
Example 1
A wire rod comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.45% of silicon, 7.5-9.5% of aluminum, 6.0% of zinc, 0.1% of iron, 0.2% of magnesium, 0.05% of nickel, 0.08% of boron, 0.02% of yttrium, 0.015% of tin, 0.002% of tungsten, 0.1% of chromium, 0.08% of manganese, 0.02% of zirconium and 0.03% of beryllium, and the balance of copper and inevitable impurities, wherein the weight percentage of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.02%.
The preparation method of the wire rod comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing raw material components according to the formula, and conveying the raw material components to a smelting furnace for smelting treatment; wherein the smelting temperature of the smelting furnace is 1350 ℃, and the smelting time is 4 h;
step two, continuously casting and continuously rolling the copper alloy rod;
step three, sequentially carrying out skin-drawing and homogenizing annealing treatment on the copper alloy rod, wherein the annealing treatment temperature is 650 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3 hours;
drawing the wire rod into a required wire rod by using a wire drawing machine, wherein the wire drawing machine adopts a distributed large-drawing continuous annealing wire drawing machine;
and step five, preserving heat of the prepared wire rod for 3h at 380 ℃, cooling to 190 ℃ at a cooling speed of less than or equal to 50 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3h, then putting the wire rod into 20 ℃ saline water, cooling to 80 ℃, taking out, heating to 300 ℃ at a speed of 155 ℃/h, preserving heat for 4h, heating to 400 ℃ at a speed of 90 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3h, cooling to below 200 ℃ at a speed of 70 ℃/h, and air cooling to room temperature.
And (3) detecting main performance: tensile strength 400Mpa, yield strength 255Mpa, and elongation 20%. The wire has better wear resistance and shock resistance.
Example 2
A wire rod comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.65% of silicon, 8.5% of aluminum, 9.5% of zinc, 0.25% of iron, 0.2% of magnesium, 0.5% of nickel, 0.12% of boron, 0.028% of yttrium, 0.016% of tin, 0.01% of tungsten, 0.2% of chromium, 0.1% of manganese, 0.05% of zirconium and 0.05% of beryllium, and the balance of copper and inevitable impurities, wherein the weight percentage of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.02%.
The preparation method of the wire rod comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing raw material components according to a formula, and conveying the raw material components to a smelting furnace for smelting treatment, wherein the smelting temperature of the smelting furnace is 1360 ℃, and the smelting time is 3.5 h;
step two, continuously casting and rolling the copper alloy rod, wherein the continuous rolling adopts an eight-pass continuous rolling method for rolling, the roll pass of the first six passes is of a regular hexagon structure, the brass wire rod is rolled into an alloy rod shape through the round-round pass structure in the last two passes, and through the eight-pass continuous rolling, the harder brass wire rod can be rolled into a finished product, the torsional deformation of the wire rod can be avoided, and the rolling process is more excellent in structure performance compared with a giant drawing process;
step three, sequentially carrying out skin-drawing and homogenizing annealing treatment on the copper alloy rod, wherein the annealing treatment temperature is 700 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3 hours;
drawing the wire rod into a required wire rod by using a wire drawing machine, wherein the wire drawing machine adopts a distributed large-drawing continuous annealing wire drawing machine;
and step five, preserving heat of the prepared wire rod for 2.5h at the temperature of 400 ℃, cooling to 200 ℃ at the cooling speed of less than or equal to 50 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2.5h, then putting the wire rod into 25 ℃ saline water to cool to 90 ℃, taking out the wire rod, heating to 330 ℃ at the speed of 155 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3.5h, heating to 430 ℃ at the speed of 95 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2h, cooling to below 200 ℃ at the speed of 75 ℃/h, and air cooling to room temperature.
And (3) detecting main performance: tensile strength 456Mpa, yield strength 355Mpa, elongation 22%. The abrasion resistance and impact resistance of the wire rod were better than those of example 1.
Example 3
A wire rod comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.95% of silicon, 9.5% of aluminum, 10.5% of zinc, 0.3% of iron, 0.5% of magnesium, 0.65% of nickel, 0.14% of boron, 0.035% of yttrium, 0.018% of tin, 0.015% of tungsten, 0.3% of chromium, 0.15% of manganese, 0.07% of zirconium and 0.08% of beryllium, and the balance of copper and inevitable impurities, wherein the weight percentage of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.02%.
The preparation method of the wire rod comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing raw material components according to a formula, and conveying the raw material components to a smelting furnace for smelting treatment, wherein the smelting temperature of the smelting furnace is 1380 ℃, and the smelting time is 3 hours;
step two, continuously casting and rolling the copper alloy rod, wherein the continuous rolling adopts an eight-pass continuous rolling method for rolling, the roll pass of the first six passes is of a regular hexagon structure, the brass wire rod is rolled into an alloy rod shape through the round-round pass structure in the last two passes, and through the eight-pass continuous rolling, the harder brass wire rod can be rolled into a finished product, the torsional deformation of the wire rod can be avoided, and the rolling process is more excellent in structure performance compared with a giant drawing process;
step three, sequentially carrying out skin-drawing and homogenizing annealing treatment on the copper alloy rod, wherein the annealing treatment temperature is 750 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 hours;
drawing the wire rod into a required wire rod through a wire drawing machine;
and step five, preserving heat of the prepared wire rod for 2 hours at the temperature of 420 ℃, cooling to 220 ℃ at the cooling speed of less than or equal to 50 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2 hours, then putting the wire rod into 30 ℃ saline water to cool to 100 ℃, taking out the wire rod to heat to 350 ℃ at the speed of 160 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3 hours, then heating to 430 ℃ at the speed of 100 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2 hours, cooling to below 200 ℃ at the speed of 80 ℃/h, and cooling to room temperature in an air cooling mode.
And (3) detecting main performance: the tensile strength is 435MPa, the yield strength is 338MPa, and the elongation is 21%. The abrasion resistance and impact resistance of the wire rod were relatively better than those of example 1, but not as good as those of the wire rod prepared in example 2.
Example 4
The present example is different from example 2 in that the wire rod produced by the wire drawing machine was made into a Y-shaped wire rod by a Y-die finishing machine. Adopt the three-dimensional heterotypic rolling structure of quadriversal, improve Y type wire rod rolling precision, can directly compress tightly the strap when guaranteeing the post manufacture zip fastener, ensure that the utilization ratio of wire rod production zip fastener is close to 100%.
The present invention has been described above by way of example. It is to be understood that the specific implementations of the invention are not limited in this respect. Various insubstantial improvements are made by adopting the method conception and the technical scheme of the invention; the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can be modified in various ways.
Claims (4)
1. The wire is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:
0.45-0.95% of silicon, 7.5-9.5% of aluminum, 6.0-10.5% of zinc, 0.1-0.3% of iron, 0.2-0.5% of magnesium, 0.05-0.65% of nickel, 0.08-0.14% of boron, 0.02-0.035% of yttrium, 0.015-0.018% of tin, 0.002-0.015% of tungsten, 0.1-0.3% of chromium, 0.08-0.15% of manganese, 0.02-0.07% of zirconium, 0.03-0.08% of beryllium and the balance of copper and inevitable impurities;
the preparation method of the wire rod comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing raw material components according to a formula, and conveying the raw material components to a smelting furnace for smelting treatment;
step two, continuously casting and continuously rolling the copper alloy rod;
step three, sequentially carrying out skin-drawing and homogenizing annealing treatment on the copper alloy rod;
drawing the wire rod into a required wire rod through a wire drawing machine;
step five, preserving the heat of the prepared wire for 2-3h under the condition of 380-420 ℃, cooling to 190-220 ℃ at the cooling speed of less than or equal to 50 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 2-3h, then placing the wire into 20-30 ℃ saline water to cool to 80-100 ℃, taking out the wire to heat to 300-350 ℃ at the speed of 150-100 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 3-4h, then heating to 400-430 ℃ at the speed of 90-100 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 2-3h, cooling to below 200 ℃ at the speed of 70-80 ℃/h, and air cooling to room temperature;
the continuous rolling adopts a multi-pass continuous rolling method for rolling;
the temperature of the homogenization annealing treatment is set to 650-750 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-3 h.
2. The wire rod of claim 1, comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 0.65% of silicon, 8.5% of aluminum, 9.5% of zinc, 0.25% of iron, 0.2% of magnesium, 0.5% of nickel, 0.12% of boron, 0.028% of yttrium, 0.016% of tin, 0.01% of tungsten, 0.2% of chromium, 0.1% of manganese, 0.05% of zirconium and 0.05% of beryllium, and the balance of copper and inevitable impurities, wherein the weight percentage of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.02%.
3. The wire rod as set forth in claim 1, wherein the melting temperature of the melting furnace is 1350-1380 ℃.
4. The wire of claim 1, wherein the Y-shaped wire is supported by a Y-teeth finishing machine.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910425450.8A CN110016584B (en) | 2019-05-21 | 2019-05-21 | Wire rod and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910425450.8A CN110016584B (en) | 2019-05-21 | 2019-05-21 | Wire rod and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110016584A CN110016584A (en) | 2019-07-16 |
| CN110016584B true CN110016584B (en) | 2021-05-04 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111118320B (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-08-31 | 河南理工大学 | Tantalum-containing copper alloy strip and preparation method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4407776A (en) * | 1981-03-25 | 1983-10-04 | Sumitomo Special Metals, Ltd. | Shape memory alloys |
| CN1930314A (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2007-03-14 | 住友金属工业株式会社 | Copper alloy and process for producing the same |
| CN107012357A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-08-04 | 合肥浦尔菲电线科技有限公司 | A kind of copper alloy wire and preparation method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-05-21 CN CN201910425450.8A patent/CN110016584B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4407776A (en) * | 1981-03-25 | 1983-10-04 | Sumitomo Special Metals, Ltd. | Shape memory alloys |
| CN1930314A (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2007-03-14 | 住友金属工业株式会社 | Copper alloy and process for producing the same |
| CN107012357A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-08-04 | 合肥浦尔菲电线科技有限公司 | A kind of copper alloy wire and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110016584A (en) | 2019-07-16 |
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