CN110015879B - Soft soil foundation curing agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Soft soil foundation curing agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110015879B CN110015879B CN201910436185.3A CN201910436185A CN110015879B CN 110015879 B CN110015879 B CN 110015879B CN 201910436185 A CN201910436185 A CN 201910436185A CN 110015879 B CN110015879 B CN 110015879B
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- soft soil
- coke
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00732—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for soil stabilisation
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- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of soft soil solidification, in particular to a soft soil foundation solidifying agent and a preparation method thereof. The invention combines the particularity of hydrate composition required by soft soil solidification and the characteristics of a solidified soil structure forming process, and prepares the composite soft soil solidifying agent by adjusting the addition amount of the components and preparing the surfactant. The invention can not only produce the gelatinous hydrate and the cemented soil aggregates, but also reduce the interfacial tension of soil-water, so that the original particle dispersion effect is quicker, and the coordination of the hydrate generation process is improved. Meanwhile, according to the policy of removing capacity in the national steel industry, the coke only contains a small amount of traditional curing agents such as cement, lime and the like, the problem of coke out of the way is solved, the coke is fully applied while the economic benefit and the environmental protection of coke enterprises are guaranteed, and the coke has great economic benefit and environmental protection benefit.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the field of soft soil foundation curing, in particular to a curing agent for soft soil foundation and a preparation method thereof.
The background art comprises the following steps:
the soil curing agent is one of important factors influencing the curing effect of the soft soil curing technology. At present, the hydrate generated by the curing agent such as lime or cement used cannot meet the special requirements of the reinforced soil on the type and the amount of the hydrate, and the reinforcing efficiency is very low. Cement and powdery hydraulic inorganic cementing material are added with water and stirred to form slurry which can be hardened in the air or better in water and can firmly bond materials such as sand, stone and the like together; however, in the manufacturing process of general cement, special cement or special cement in the market at present, the problems of coal consumption and material consumption are very serious, so that the manufacturing cost of enterprises is increased to a certain extent. The existing cement production process is complex, high in cost and not beneficial to market competition.
In soft soils, clay particles often exist as soil aggregates containing voids. After cement is mixed with soft soil, the hydration product of cement is mainly cementitious hydrate, so that the cement is wrapped around the cemented soil aggregates and the pores between the soil aggregates are filled, and the strength of the solidified soil is improved. But in practice there are still a large number of pores inside the soil aggregate. If the curing agent contains the expansive component, the expansive hydrate expands to extrude the soil aggregate, so that the internal pores of the soil aggregate are reduced, and the strength of the cured soil can be obviously improved. Therefore, from the solidification mechanism, the preparation of the soil solidifying agent must consider the pH value of soil, promote the progress of the hydration degree of cement and the coagulation and hardening of hydrate, and enhance the ionic activity participating in the reaction, and the components achieve the best solidification effect through a series of mutual reaction and synergism.
The presence of surfactant micelles has a great influence on the soil and even very low concentrations of surfactant can change the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil. Aggregation of the surfactant at the surface of the solid phase results in a reduction in internal surface tension, which may increase contact between the solid and aqueous phases, resulting in increased wettability between the particles and more rapid dispersion. It is therefore important to develop effective surfactants as components of soil firming agents.
Meanwhile, the largest problem in the iron and steel industry in 2016 is the loss of industry debt, and because coking is heavier than steel pollution, and the requirement for removing capacity from coke is contained in an environmental protection policy file, the problem of removing capacity from coking is important in solving the pollution problem, and the transformation and upgrading of the industry are promoted. In 2018, environmental protection and capacity removal are hot topics of the coke industry, marginal changes of environmental protection policies occur under the condition of high economic downlink pressure, coking enterprises have more investment on environmental protection projects, the pollution condition is improved, and the coke capacity removal execution still needs to be continued.
The invention content is as follows:
aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a novel composite soft foundation curing agent from the perspective of preparing raw materials, provides a novel composite soft foundation curing agent which is economic and reasonable, has excellent performance, can fully utilize waste resources, solves the problem of coke going out of the way, ensures the economic benefits and environmental protection of coke enterprises, and simultaneously ensures that the coke is fully applied to achieve the best engineering and economic benefits.
The invention relates to a soft soil foundation curing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
when the components have blocky bodies, such as blocky coke and blocky gypsum, the components in the blocky bodies are ground into powder, and then are mixed with other powder components and stirred uniformly.
The soft soil foundation curing agent disclosed by the invention is prepared by mixing Portland cement clinker serving as a gelling material, an alkaline excitation component, an expansion component and a surfactant. Wherein the alkaline activating component is quicklime; the expansion component is desulfurized gypsum; the surfactant is emulsified silicone oil. Further, the coke is a secondary coke.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a soft soil foundation curing agent, which comprises the following steps of (1) preparing emulsified silicone oil: 1g of simethicone and 0.5g of emulsifiers (Tween 60 and span 60) were weighed and poured into a three-necked flask. Directly heating a three-neck flask to completely dissolve the dimethyl silicone oil and the emulsifier, stirring by using a constant speed digital display controller at the rotation speed of 1200r/min-1400r/minn, adding 8.5ml of 80 ℃ deionized water into the flask when the temperature reaches 80 ℃, stirring for 60min, wherein the weight ratio of m (Tween 60): and m (span 60) is 0.43:0.57, stirring is continued for 1 hour to obtain milky emulsified silicone oil, and the appearance of the milky emulsified silicone oil is observed under a microscope.
(2) According to the mixture ratio of the components, respectively weighing portland cement clinker, desulfurized gypsum, quicklime and coke, putting the emulsified silicone oil and the fine sand prepared in the step (1) into a stirrer together, and uniformly mixing to obtain the composite soft soil foundation curing agent.
The invention discloses application of a soft soil foundation curing agent in soft soil foundation reinforcement.
The invention discloses a soft soil foundation curing agent, the curing mechanism of which is as follows: the hydration and hardening process of the curing agent is influenced by various chemical factors in the soft soil, such as pH value of a soil sample, ion exchange, physical adsorption, hard coagulation reaction and the like. The hydrate of the curing agent should contain both cementitious hydrate and swellable hydrate. The swelling hydrate may fill the pores in the solidified soil, thereby producing a reinforcing effect. Whether expansive hydrates produce an enhancing effect in solidified soil depends mainly on the coordination of the generation process of expansive hydrates with the generation process. While the aggregation of the surfactant at the surface of the solid phase results in a reduction of the internal surface tension, which will increase the contact between the solid and aqueous phases, leading to an increase in the wettability between the particles and a more rapid dispersion.
The soft soil foundation curing agent disclosed by the invention has a great difference in the reinforcing effect of the same amount of cement for different soil qualities. In some soils, only cement is used as a curing agent, so that satisfactory strength cannot be obtained or the technical and economic benefits of the soil are lost, for example, in soft soil regions with more coastal regions, lakes and creeks, such as the Tangshan city Cao Fei county region, the natural water content of the soil is very high, the soil is reinforced by using common cement, the strength is low, and the soil reinforcing effect is not ideal. The soft soil foundation curing agent disclosed by the invention can provide a cementitious hydrate, an expansive hydrate and a certain alkalinity, and the generation processes of the cementitious component and the expansive component have good coordination.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the innovation points that: 1. the successful application of the coke in the curing agent solves the problem of the coke, ensures the economic benefit and the environmental protection of coke enterprises, simultaneously fully applies the coke, not only saves cement, reduces the consumption of the traditional cement to the maximum extent, improves the added value of the coke, reduces the treatment cost of products, and more importantly, can obtain better technical effect than that of the cement only in many occasions. 2. The aggregation of the surfactant on the surface of the solid phase causes the reduction of the internal surface tension, the oil drops are dispersed in an aqueous phase medium in the form of fine particles to form an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion, so that the oil fine particles, particularly coke particles, can be uniformly and stably dispersed in the aqueous phase, each oil drop surface is provided with a layer of compact emulsifier molecular film, the aggregation on the surface of the solid phase causes the reduction of the internal surface tension, the wettability among the particles is increased, the dispersion effect of each component is quicker, and the synergistic effect of the swelling hydrate and the coagulating hydrate is optimized.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of a preparation process of the soft soil foundation curing agent provided by the invention.
FIG. 2 is a photograph of an actual product of the silicone oil emulsion prepared in example 1.
FIG. 3 is a photomicrograph at 100X magnification showing the silicone oil emulsion prepared in example 1.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but is not limited to the following examples:
example 1: 1g of simethicone and 0.5g of emulsifier (Tween 60 and span 60) are weighed and poured into a three-neck flask, 8.5ml of deionized water is weighed by a dosage tube, and the mixture is heated to 80 ℃ for standby.
Directly heating a three-neck flask to completely dissolve the dimethyl silicone oil and the emulsifier, stirring by using a constant speed digital display controller at the rotation speed of 1200-1400 r/min, adding 8.5ml of 80 ℃ deionized water into the flask when the temperature reaches 80 ℃, and stirring for 60min, wherein m (Tween 60): and m (span 60) is 0.43:0.57, stirring is continued for 1 hour to obtain milky emulsified silicone oil, and the appearance of the milky emulsified silicone oil is observed under a microscope as shown in figure 2 and figure 3.
Example 2: : firstly, preparing a soft soil foundation curing agent, which comprises the following components: 7% of silicate cement clinker, 10% of quicklime, 60% of coke, 10% of desulfurized gypsum, 8% of fine sand and 5% of emulsified silicone oil (prepared in example 1), wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively weighing portland cement clinker, desulfurized gypsum, quicklime, coke, emulsified silicone oil and fine sand, and uniformly mixing the powdery sample in a stirrer to obtain the composite soft soil foundation curing agent.
The curing agent for soft soil foundation prepared according to the proportion is prepared by adding 100kg curing agent into per cubic meter of soft soil, uniformly stirring the curing agent and the soft soil, pouring the mixture into a test mold of 50mm multiplied by 50mm for test piece forming in three layers, removing the mold after 1 day, and sending the test piece into a curing box for curing for 7 days, wherein the curing temperature is (25 +/-2) DEG C, and the humidity is (95 +/-2)%. And three groups of parallel samples are adopted for measuring unconfined compressive strength of the solidified soil in each age period. The compression strength of the soft soil can reach 0.71MPa when the curing age is 7 days.
Example 3: firstly, preparing a soft soil foundation curing agent, which comprises the following components: 7% of silicate cement clinker, 5% of quicklime, 70% of coke, 6% of desulfurized gypsum, 7% of fine sand and 5% of emulsified silicone oil (prepared in example 1), wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively weighing portland cement clinker, desulfurized gypsum, quicklime, coke, emulsified silicone oil and fine sand, and uniformly mixing the powdery sample in a stirrer to obtain the composite soft soil foundation curing agent.
The curing agent for soft soil foundation prepared according to the proportion is prepared by adding 100kg curing agent into per cubic meter of soft soil, uniformly stirring the curing agent and the soft soil, pouring the mixture into a test mold of 50mm multiplied by 50mm for test piece forming in three layers, removing the mold after 1 day, and sending the test piece into a curing box for curing for 7 days, wherein the curing temperature is (25 +/-2) DEG C, and the humidity is (95 +/-2)%. And three groups of parallel samples are adopted for measuring unconfined compressive strength of the solidified soil in each age period. The compression strength of the soft soil can reach 0.84MPa when the curing age is 7 days.
Example 4: firstly, preparing a soft soil foundation curing agent, which comprises the following components: 5% of Portland cement, 5% of quicklime, 70% of coke, 10% of desulfurized gypsum, 5% of fine sand and 5% of emulsified silicone oil (prepared in example 1), and the preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively weighing portland cement clinker, desulfurized gypsum, quicklime, coke, emulsified silicone oil and fine sand, and uniformly mixing the powdery sample in a stirrer to obtain the composite soft soil foundation curing agent.
The curing agent for soft soil foundation prepared according to the proportion is prepared by adding 100kg curing agent into per cubic meter of soft soil, uniformly stirring the curing agent and the soft soil, pouring the mixture into a test mold of 50mm multiplied by 50mm for test piece forming in three layers, removing the mold after 1 day, and sending the test piece into a curing box for curing for 7 days, wherein the curing temperature is (25 +/-2) DEG C, and the humidity is (95 +/-2)%. And three groups of parallel samples are adopted for measuring unconfined compressive strength of the solidified soil in each age period. The compression strength of the soft soil can reach 0.95MPa when the curing age is 7 days.
Example 5: firstly, preparing a soft soil foundation curing agent, which comprises the following components: 10% of Portland cement, 5% of quicklime, 70% of coke, 5% of desulfurized gypsum, 5% of fine sand and 5% of emulsified silicone oil (prepared in example 1), and the preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively weighing portland cement clinker, desulfurized gypsum, quicklime, coke, emulsified silicone oil and fine sand, and uniformly mixing the powdery sample in a stirrer to obtain the composite soft soil foundation curing agent.
The curing agent for soft soil foundation prepared according to the proportion is prepared by adding 100kg curing agent into per cubic meter of soft soil, uniformly stirring the curing agent and the soft soil, pouring the mixture into a test mold of 50mm multiplied by 50mm for test piece forming in three layers, removing the mold after 1 day, and sending the test piece into a curing box for curing for 7 days, wherein the curing temperature is (25 +/-2) DEG C, and the humidity is (95 +/-2)%. And three groups of parallel samples are adopted for measuring unconfined compressive strength of the solidified soil in each age period. The compression strength of the soft soil can reach 1.08MPa when the curing age is 7 days.
Claims (7)
1. A soft soil foundation curing agent is characterized in that: the soft soil foundation curing agent is composed of portland cement clinker, desulfurized gypsum, quicklime, coke, emulsified silicone oil and fine sand, wherein the portland cement clinker is used as a gelling component, the desulfurized gypsum is used as an expansion component, the quicklime is used as an alkaline excitation component, and the emulsified silicone oil is used as a surfactant, and the components meet the following conditions in percentage by weight: 5-13% of Portland cement, 3-15% of desulfurized gypsum, 5-10% of quicklime, 50-75% of coke, 5-10% of fine sand and 3-5% of emulsified silicone oil, wherein the sum of the percentages of all the components is 100%.
2. A soft soil foundation curing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coke is a secondary coke.
3. Use of the soft soil foundation solidifying agent of any one of claims 1 to 2 in soft soil foundation reinforcement.
4. The method for preparing a soft soil foundation curing agent according to claim 1, wherein: respectively weighing silicate cement clinker, desulfurized gypsum, quicklime, coke, emulsified silicone oil and fine sand, and then putting the materials into a stirrer together for uniform mixing to obtain the soft soil foundation curing agent.
5. The method for preparing a soft soil foundation curing agent according to claim 4, wherein: the components are as follows by weight: 5-13% of Portland cement, 3-15% of desulfurized gypsum, 5-10% of quicklime, 50-75% of coke, 5-10% of fine sand and 3-5% of emulsified silicone oil, wherein the sum of the percentages of all the components is 100%.
6. The method for preparing a soft soil foundation curing agent according to claim 4, wherein: the preparation method of the emulsified silicone oil comprises the steps of weighing 1g of dimethyl silicone oil and 0.5g of emulsifier, pouring the dimethyl silicone oil and the emulsifier into a three-neck flask, directly heating the three-neck flask to completely dissolve the dimethyl silicone oil and the emulsifier, stirring by using a constant speed digital display controller at a rotation speed of 1200r/min-1400r/min, adding 8.5ml of deionized water at 80 ℃ into the flask when the temperature reaches 80 ℃, stirring for 60min, and continuing stirring for 1h to obtain the milky emulsified silicone oil.
7. The method for preparing a soft soil foundation curing agent according to claim 6, wherein: the emulsifier consists of tween 60 and span 60 in a weight ratio of 0.43 to 0.57.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20110103889A1 (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2011-05-05 | Blakefield Ward S | Soil stabilization blend and method of soil stabilization |
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| CN103979771A (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2014-08-13 | 株式会社Cmd技术团 | High water-content sludge curing agent using petroleum coke desulfurization gypsum |
| CN105236908A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-01-13 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Soft soil curing agent prepared by means of industrial residues |
| CN107459305A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2017-12-12 | 福建港湾岩土工程集团有限公司 | A kind of curing agent that municipal sludge is processed into haydite |
| CN108298854A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-07-20 | 美丽国土（北京）生态环境工程技术研究院有限公司 | Sludge solidification/stabilisation curing agent and its preparation method and application |
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