CN110010313A - A roof insulator suitable for high-speed electric locomotives - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a roof insulator suitable for high-speed electric locomotives, comprising an upper fitting, a lower fitting, a jacket and a mandrel. The mandrel is arranged on the side wall of the mandrel, the upper end of the mandrel is connected with the upper fitting and the lower end of the mandrel is connected with the lower fitting, and the mandrel is a mandrel with a skeleton structure; The outer wall is formed by several supporting teeth that are perpendicular to the axial direction of the mandrel, and the number of the supporting teeth corresponds to the number of the sheds; the supporting teeth extend outward along the radial direction of the mandrel and protrude on the mandrel. Each supporting tooth extends along the radial direction of the mandrel and simultaneously extends outward from the upper and lower ends where the supporting tooth meets the mandrel and gradually narrows in the horizontal direction to form a tooth tip. The mandrel with skeleton structure can effectively prevent the insulator from tearing at the root of the shed and overlapping the shed under high wind speed to ensure the insulation performance of the insulator.

Description

A roof insulator suitable for high-speed electric locomotives

technical field

The invention is suitable for the roof insulator of high-speed electric locomotives, and is also suitable for the external insulation of power lines and related insulator structures of electrical equipment.

Background technique

At present, the design speed of high-speed trains in my country has reached 350km/h, and the maximum wind speed of the roof insulators of high-speed electric locomotives exceeds 85m/s. In the long-term strong wind environment, the roof insulator shed will vibrate and deform at a high frequency and a large amount, resulting in stress concentration at the root of the shed, which will eventually lead to tearing of the shed and damage to the insulator insulation. At the same time, with the high-speed running of the train, a large number of contamination particles are deposited on the surface of the insulator, and the roof insulator is affected by the unidirectional airflow, which makes the contamination distribution on the surface of the insulator uneven. When the humidity in the air is high, contamination flashover failure occurs.

Chinese patent document (application number: 201410216998.9) discloses a bending-resistant composite insulator for a motor vehicle roof; the motor vehicle roof bending-resistant composite insulator includes a support body, and a plurality of side walls of the support body are arranged side by side in the axial direction. A set of umbrella skirts, the umbrella skirts protrude radially outward from the side wall of the support body, and the support body is a high-strength glass fiber epoxy resin rod. The composite insulator has good acid, alkali, salt resistance and high bending resistance, and the bending resistance is greater than 16kN. Preferably, the upper end of the support body is provided with an upper metal fitting for connecting the conductive rod, and the upper metal fitting is assembled on the upper end of the support body by means of annular crimping with special equipment. And the lower end of the support body is provided with a lower fitting for installing the composite insulator on the roof of the motor vehicle, and the lower fitting is assembled on the lower end of the supporting body by means of high-voltage crimping. The support body in the technical solution is a cylinder, and the support body of this structure is easily torn under the action of high speed.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a roof insulator suitable for high-speed electric locomotives, which solves the problems of the existing roof insulators in high wind speed, strong wind and sand conditions, such as tearing of sheds, insulator pollution flashover, etc. Flashovers lead to train delays or unplanned outages, which can further improve the safe and stable operation of high-speed railways.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a roof insulator suitable for high-speed electric locomotives, which solves the problems of the existing roof insulators such as tearing of sheds and flashover of insulators in high wind speed and strong sandstorm conditions, and helps In order to reduce train delays or unplanned outages caused by insulator flashovers, it can further improve the safe and stable operation of high-speed railways.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the roof insulator suitable for high-speed electric locomotives includes an upper fitting, a lower fitting, a jacket and a mandrel, and the jacket includes several umbrella skirts, and several of the Umbrella skirts are arranged on the side wall of the mandrel along the axial direction of the mandrel and around the mandrel, the upper end of the mandrel is connected with the upper fitting, and the lower end of the mandrel is Connected with the lower fitting, the mandrel is a mandrel with a skeleton structure; the skeleton structure is a plurality of supporting teeth surrounding the outer wall of the mandrel and perpendicular to the axial direction of the mandrel. The number of the support teeth is in one-to-one correspondence with the number of the umbrella skirts; the support teeth extend outward along the radial direction of the mandrel and protrude on the sidewall of the mandrel; each The supporting teeth extend along the radial direction of the mandrel and simultaneously extend outward from the upper and lower ends where the supporting teeth and the mandrel meet, and gradually shrink in the horizontal direction to form tooth tips.

By adopting the above technical scheme, through the mandrel with skeleton structure, the roof insulator can be effectively prevented from tearing at the root of the shed and overlapping of the shed under high wind speed conditions, so as to ensure the insulation performance of the insulator; the material of the mandrel It is epoxy resin; the jacket is a silicone rubber jacket. The mandrel with a skeleton structure and the silicone rubber jacket of the insulator are bonded to each other by adding a coupling agent. The skeleton structure can effectively prevent the silicone rubber from being damaged under high wind speed conditions. Deformation and tearing issues. The skeleton structure can be formed by integral processing from the mandrel material; or it can be processed into a single-piece skeleton first, and then bonded to the mandrel respectively. There are two processing methods; the upper and lower metal fittings are made of stainless steel, and the shape of the upper and lower fittings is made of stainless steel. and screw hole size can be adjusted according to different types of electric locomotives; the upper fittings are mainly used to connect the pantograph device or the busbar of the electric locomotive, and the lower fittings are used to connect with the high-speed electric locomotive body.

A further improvement of the present invention is that each of the tooth tips is arc-shaped; the radial length of each support tooth is 30-80% of the radial length of each shed. The extension size of the support teeth is required to be 30-80% of the extension of the new roof insulator shed; if the support teeth are too large, that is, the length is too long, it will lead to stress concentration at the connection edge between the support teeth and the silicone rubber jacket, which is easy for silicone The rubber is cracked, and the support teeth are too small to fix the silicone rubber shed and prevent the shed from tearing.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the supporting teeth and the mandrel are integrally formed; each of the supporting teeth has the same size and the same distance from each other. Correspondingly, the distance between each shed is equal. The spacing is equal. Preferably, the skeleton structure can be integrally formed from the mandrel material, that is, the supporting teeth and the mandrel are preferably integrally formed.

A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the upper end of the mandrel rod is provided with a circular groove extending upward along the axial direction of the mandrel rod, and the upper metal fitting is embedded in the circular groove and is connected to the mandrel rod . Setting the circular groove 1 makes the connection between the upper fitting and the mandrel more firm.

A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the lower end of the mandrel rod is provided with a cylindrical protrusion extending downward along the axial direction of the mandrel rod, and the mandrel rod is inserted into the lower metal fitting and the lower fitting through the cylindrical protrusion. The lower fittings are connected.

A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the exposed part of the lower metal fitting outside the mandrel is wrapped with a silicone protective cover. The lower fitting is wrapped by a silicone rubber protective sleeve, the silicone protective sleeve extends along the upper surface and the lower surface of the outer edge of the lower fitting at the same time, and the upper surface is inclined downward to form a bevel; such a setting can be bonded by a coupling agent. Or mechanical snaps can be used to wrap the lower hardware with silicone rubber. This setting can effectively increase the creepage distance of the roof insulator and improve the insulator's anti-fouling performance.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the upper end of the outer sleeve extends upward along the axial direction of the core rod and cooperates with the outer wall of the circular groove 1 to form a circular groove 2, and the upper metal fitting is embedded in the circular groove 2. The circular groove 1 is embedded in the circular groove 2 and connected to the outer casing; the lower end of the outer casing extends downward along the axial direction of the core rod and is in phase with the outer wall of the cylindrical protruding portion. A circular groove 3 is formed in cooperation, and the cylindrical protruding portion is embedded in the lower metal fitting, and the lower fitting is embedded in the circular groove 3 and connected to the outer casing. This arrangement enables the lower metal fitting to be firmly connected with the mandrel and the outer jacket at the same time.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, each of the umbrella skirts is formed along the radial direction of the mandrel and from the upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the umbrella skirt to simultaneously extend outward and gradually shrink, so that the umbrella skirt is formed. The end of the skirt and the outer wall of the umbrella skirt form an up inclination angle and a down inclination angle, the up inclination angle is 0-15°, and the down inclination angle is -15-15°; The junction is provided with an upper chamfer and a lower chamfer, the upper chamfer is R15, and the lower chamfer is R5. The range of the up inclination angle of the shed is 0~15°, and the range of the down inclination angle is -15~15°. By adjusting the up and down inclination of the shed, the deposition of dirt can be effectively prevented, and the deformation of the shed can be suppressed to a certain extent. The angle can be adjusted according to different working conditions; the interface between the umbrella skirt and the jacket is provided with a combined chamfer to prevent stress concentration and tearing at the interface of the silicone rubber.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the number of the sheds is 9, and correspondingly, the number of the supporting teeth is 9; the diameter of the mandrel is 55-100 mm, and the thickness of the jacket is 3-100 mm. 8mm. The mandrel is composed of pure epoxy resin or epoxy glass fiber pulling rod with skeleton structure. The mandrel must ensure the mechanical strength of the insulator. In order to meet the requirements of the tensile strength, bending strength and compressive strength of the roof insulator , the diameter of the roof insulator mandrel is in the range of 55-100mm. If the diameter of the mandrel is too large, the production cost and insulator size will be increased, which will affect the layout of the roof space of electric locomotives; the silicone rubber jacket has good stain resistance. 8mm, the thickness of the silicone rubber is too thin, which makes the silicone rubber easy to tear under high wind speed conditions; if the thickness of the silicone rubber is too large, it will increase the manufacturing cost of the new roof insulator, and also increase the size and weight of the roof insulator.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1) the insulator mandrel has a skeleton structure, which can effectively prevent the insulator from tearing at the root of the shed and overlapping the shed under high wind speed conditions. Insulation performance; 2) The insulator jacket is composed of silicone rubber with excellent insulation performance and good aging resistance; 3) The surface of the metal fittings under the insulator is wrapped by silicone rubber, which can effectively increase the creepage distance of the insulator and improve the flashover voltage of the insulator.

Description of drawings

1 is a structural diagram of a roof insulator suitable for high-speed electric locomotives according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view structure diagram of the upper fittings of the present invention applicable to the roof insulator of the high-speed electric locomotive;

Fig. 3 is the side view structure diagram of the upper fitting of the roof insulator of the present invention applicable to the high-speed electric locomotive;

4 is a top view of the structure of the lower fitting of the roof insulator of the present invention applicable to a high-speed electric locomotive;

FIG. 5 is a side view structural view of the lower fitting of the roof insulator of the high-speed electric locomotive according to the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the structure diagram of the mandrel of the roof insulator suitable for the high-speed electric locomotive of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a partial enlarged structural view of the shed of the roof insulator of the present invention applicable to a high-speed electric locomotive;

Among them: 1-upper fitting; 2-lower fitting; 201-silicone protective cover; 3-coat; 301- umbrella skirt; 3011-up angle; 3012-down angle; 3013-upper chamfer; 3014-lower chamfer; 302 - circular groove two; 303 - circular groove three; 4 - mandrel; 401 - supporting teeth; 402 - circular groove one; 403 - cylindrical protrusion.

Detailed ways

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated by way of non-limiting example in the accompanying drawings, and further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the detailed description thereafter.

Embodiment 1: As shown in Figures 1-7, the roof insulator suitable for high-speed electric locomotives includes an upper fitting 1, a lower fitting 2, an outer casing 3 and a mandrel 4, and the outer casing 3 includes several umbrella skirts 301, A plurality of the umbrella skirts 301 are arranged on the side wall of the mandrel 4 along the axial direction of the mandrel 4 and around the mandrel 4 . The upper end of the mandrel 4 is connected to the upper fitting 1 . and the lower end of the mandrel 4 is connected with the lower fitting 2, the mandrel 4 is a mandrel with a skeleton structure; the skeleton structure is surrounded by the outer wall of the mandrel 4 and is connected with the The mandrel 4 is formed by a plurality of supporting teeth 401 that are perpendicular to the axial direction of the mandrel 4 , and the number of the supporting teeth 401 corresponds to the number of the sheds 301 one-to-one; The radial direction extends outward and protrudes on the side wall of the mandrel 4; each of the supporting teeth 401 is along the radial direction of the mandrel 4 The intersecting upper and lower ends extend outward at the same time and gradually shrink in the horizontal direction to form a tooth tip; the mandrel 4 with a skeleton structure can effectively prevent the roof insulator from tearing at the root of the shed 301 under high wind speed conditions , shed 301 overlap and other phenomena to ensure the insulation performance of the insulator; the material of the mandrel 4 is epoxy resin; the jacket 3 is a silicone rubber jacket, and the mandrel 4 with a skeleton structure and the silicone rubber jacket 3 of the insulator are added by adding The coupling agents are bonded to each other, and the skeleton structure can effectively prevent the deformation and tearing of the silicone rubber under high wind speed conditions; the skeleton structure can be integrally processed from the core rod material; There are two processing methods for bonding to the mandrel respectively; the upper fitting 1 and the lower fitting 2 are made of stainless steel, and the shape and screw hole size of the upper fitting 1 and the lower fitting 2 can be adjusted according to different models of electric locomotives; the upper fitting 1 It mainly plays the role of connecting the pantograph device or the bus bar of the electric locomotive, and the lower fitting 2 is used to connect with the body of the high-speed electric locomotive; the supporting teeth 401 and the mandrel 4 are integrally formed; each of the supporting teeth The sizes of 401 are equal and the distance between each other is equal. Correspondingly, the distance between each shed 301 is equal to each other; each tooth tip is arc-shaped; the radial direction of each supporting tooth 401 The length is 30-80% of the length of each shed 301 in the radial direction; the upper end of the mandrel 4 is extended upward along the axial direction of the mandrel 4 with a circular groove 402, The upper fitting 1 is embedded in the circular groove 1 402 and connected to the mandrel 4; the lower end of the mandrel 4 extends downward along the axial direction of the mandrel 4 and is provided with a cylindrical protrusion 403, the mandrel 4 is embedded in the lower metal fitting 2 through the cylindrical protruding part 403 and is connected to the lower fitting 2; the exposed part of the lower fitting 2 outside the mandrel 4 is wrapped with silica gel for protection Cover 201; the lower metal fitting 2 is wrapped by a silicone rubber protective cover 201, and the silicone protective cover 201 extends along the upper surface and the lower surface of the outer edge of the lower fitting 2 at the same time, and the upper surface is inclined downward to form a slope; stated The upper end of the outer casing 3 extends upward along the axial direction of the core rod 4 and cooperates with the outer wall of the circular groove 1 401 to form a circular groove 2 302, and the upper fitting 1 is embedded in the circular groove 1. 402 is embedded in the circular groove 2 302 and connected to the outer casing 3; the lower end of the outer casing 3 extends downward along the axial direction of the mandrel 4 to the outer wall of the cylindrical protrusion 403 A circular groove 303 is formed in cooperation, and the cylindrical protruding portion 403 is embedded in the lower fitting 2 while the lower fitting 2 is embedded in the circular groove 303 and connected to the outer jacket 3; each The shed 301 is formed along the radial direction of the mandrel 4 and from the upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the shed 301 to extend outward at the same time and gradually shrink, so that the end of the shed 301 is formed with the The outer wall of the umbrella skirt 301 forms an up inclination angle 3011 and a down inclination angle 3012, the up inclination angle 3011 is 8°, and the down inclination angle 3012 is 3°; The upper chamfer 3013 and the lower chamfer 3014, the upper chamfer 3013 is R15, and the lower chamfer 3014 is R5; the lengths of the two adjacent sheds 3011 are not equal to form a large shed and a small shed; The number of the umbrella skirts 301 is an odd number, and the number of the large umbrella skirts is greater than the number of the small umbrella skirts; the number of the umbrella skirts 301 is 9, and the corresponding number of the supporting teeth 401 is 9; The diameter of the mandrel 4 is 55-100mm, and the thickness of the jacket 3 is 8mm; the mandrel 4 is made of pure epoxy resin or epoxy resin glass fiber pulling rod with a skeleton structure, and the mandrel 4 must ensure the insulator. In order to meet the requirements of the tensile strength, bending strength and compressive strength of the roof insulator, the diameter of the roof insulator mandrel 4 is 60mm. If the diameter of the mandrel 4 is too large, it will increase the production cost and the size of the insulator, which will affect the power The layout of the locomotive roof space; the silicone rubber jacket 3 has good dirt resistance, the thickness of the silicone rubber is 8mm, and the thickness of the silicone rubber is too thin, which makes the silicone rubber easy to tear under high wind Increasing the manufacturing cost of the new roof insulator, also increases the size and weight of the roof insulator.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the top of the upper fitting 1 is provided with nut holes with a diameter of 16 mm; the chassis of the lower fitting 2 is provided with 4 nut holes with a diameter of 4-14 mm and a hole depth of 7 mm; the lower fitting 2 is embedded in The length of the circular groove 3 is 35mm; the corners of the upper fitting 1 and the lower fitting 2 are rounded; the distance between the radial lines of each umbrella skirt 301 is 30 mm.

The preparation method of the roof insulator suitable for high-speed electric locomotives:

In order to meet the mechanical properties of high-speed roof insulators, roof insulator mandrels can be made of epoxy resin mandrels, glass fiber pulling rods, ceramic mandrels and other materials, and the outer sheath of roof insulators can be made of silicone rubber, epoxy resin, etc. Hydrophobic material. The preparation method specifically includes the following steps: 1) first obtaining a cylindrical glass fiber pulling rod core rod with a height of 400 mm and a diameter of 350 mm;

2) According to the structure of the mandrel of the roof insulator with the skeleton structure in Example 1, a roof insulator mandrel with a skeleton structure is prepared by machining, and the processed roof insulator mandrel is polished at the same time , to ensure that there are no burrs and protrusions on the surface of the mandrel;

3) Evenly coat the surface of the roof insulator core rod with silane coupling agent, the thickness of silane coupling agent is about 0.1mm, and the coating temperature is 20℃～80℃;

4) When the mold temperature is 170~200℃, the surface of the roof insulator is coated with silicone rubber by high temperature injection, and the silicone rubber undergoes a curing reaction, and the thickness of the injected silicone rubber is 3~8mm;

5) The insulator mandrel and the upper and lower fittings are connected by crimping; first, make the inner hole size of the upper and lower fittings slightly larger than the size of the mandrel (greater than 0.2-0.5mm), and then press the upper and lower fittings with the insulator core by external mechanical force. The rods are tightly bound.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and within the scope of knowledge possessed by those of ordinary skill in the art, it can also be done without departing from the purpose of the present invention. various changes.

Claims (9)

1. A roof insulator suitable for a high-speed electric locomotive, comprising an upper fitting, a lower fitting, a jacket and a mandrel, the jacket comprising several sheds, and the several sheds are all along the axial direction of the mandrel The mandrel is arranged on the side wall of the mandrel in the direction and around the mandrel, the upper end of the mandrel is connected with the upper fitting, and the lower end of the mandrel is connected with the lower fitting, characterized in that , the mandrel is a mandrel with a skeleton structure; the skeleton structure is formed by a plurality of supporting teeth surrounding the outer wall of the mandrel and perpendicular to the axial direction of the mandrel, and the supporting teeth are The number is in one-to-one correspondence with the number of the umbrella skirts; the support teeth extend outward along the radial direction of the mandrel and protrude on the side wall of the mandrel; each of the support teeth The radial direction of the mandrel extends from the upper and lower ends where the supporting teeth and the mandrel meet at the same time, and gradually narrows in the horizontal direction to form a tooth tip. 2 . The roof insulator suitable for high-speed electric locomotives according to claim 1 , wherein each of the tooth tip portions is arc-shaped; the length of each of the support teeth in the radial direction is the same as the length of each 30-80% of the length of the shed in the radial direction. 3 . The roof insulator suitable for high-speed electric locomotives according to claim 1 , wherein the supporting teeth and the mandrel are integrally formed in a structure; the sizes of each of the supporting teeth are equal to each other. The spacing is equal, correspondingly, the spacing between each shed is equal. 4 . The roof insulator suitable for high-speed electric locomotives according to claim 1 , wherein the upper end of the mandrel is provided with a circular groove 1 extending upward along the axial direction of the mandrel, and the The upper metal fitting is embedded in the circular groove and connected with the mandrel. 5 . The roof insulator suitable for high-speed electric locomotives according to claim 4 , wherein the lower end of the mandrel rod extends downward along the axial direction of the mandrel rod and is provided with a cylindrical protruding portion, so the The mandrel is inserted into the lower metal fitting through the cylindrical protruding part and is connected to the lower fitting. 6 . The roof insulator suitable for high-speed electric locomotives according to claim 5 , wherein the exposed part of the lower metal fitting outside the mandrel is wrapped with a silicone protective cover. 7 . 7 . The roof insulator suitable for high-speed electric locomotives according to claim 6 , wherein the upper end of the outer sleeve extends upward along the axial direction of the core rod and is in phase with the outer wall of the circular groove 1 . The second circular groove is formed together, and the upper metal fitting is embedded in the circular groove 1 and is embedded in the circular groove 2 and connected to the outer casing; the lower end of the outer casing is along the axial direction of the core rod. The direction extends downwards and cooperates with the outer wall of the cylindrical protruding part to form a circular groove three, the cylindrical protruding part is embedded in the lower metal fitting, and the lower metal fitting is embedded in the circular groove three and The jackets are connected. 8 . The roof insulator suitable for high-speed electric locomotives according to claim 6 , wherein each of the sheds is along the radial direction of the mandrel and from the upper and lower sides of the outer wall of the shed. 9 . At the same time, the ends extend outward and gradually shrink, so that the end of the umbrella skirt and the outer wall of the umbrella skirt form an up inclination angle and a down inclination angle, the up inclination angle is 0-15°, and the down inclination angle is -15 ~15°; an upper chamfer and a lower chamfer are provided at the junction of the umbrella skirt and the outer wall of the jacket, the upper chamfer is R15, and the lower chamfer is R5. 9 . The roof insulator suitable for a high-speed electric locomotive according to claim 8 , wherein the number of the sheds is 9, and correspondingly, the number of the supporting teeth is 9; the mandrel rod The diameter of the jacket is 55-100mm, and the thickness of the jacket is 3-8mm.