Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for quickly measuring the energy efficiency of a frequency converter, which can accurately calculate the energy efficiency of the frequency converter and provides reference for evaluation of the energy efficiency of the frequency converter and selection of the frequency converter.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for rapidly measuring energy efficiency of a frequency converter, comprising the following steps:
step 1, collecting voltage and current signals at an input port and an output port of a frequency converter to be tested to obtain a voltage signal U and a current signal I;
step 2, sampling a voltage signal U and a current signal I by using a data acquisition card, sampling N points of input end signals per cycle, and intercepting output end signals for t time length to obtain corresponding sampling voltage and current signals U (N) and I (N);
step 3, multiplying the obtained sampling voltage and current signals U (n) and I (n) corresponding points to obtain input power and output power corresponding to a single point, and respectively marking as Pin(n) and Pout(n);
Step 4, according to the input and output power P of a single pointin(n) and Pout(n) obtaining input and output power over Y cycles, expressed as:
step 5, obtaining the input and output power P according to the step 4inAnd PoutThe time domain energy efficiency of the frequency converter is obtained as follows:
step 6, processing the sampled voltage and current signals U (n) and I (n) by using Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) to obtain fundamental wave and each subharmonic voltage, frequency domain components U (k) and I (k) of the current signals and a phase difference theta (k);
where k (k ═ 1,2,3, …) is the harmonic order, the frequency domain input power of the frequency converter is:
step 7, obtaining the frequency domain output power P of the frequency converter in the same wayout', and obtaining the variables according to the formula of step 5Recording the values of time domain energy efficiency eta and frequency domain energy efficiency eta' of the frequency device, taking Y as Y +1 periods, and repeating the steps 3-7;
and 8, acquiring the energy efficiency of the frequency converter to be tested based on the corresponding time domain energy efficiency and frequency domain energy efficiency values under a certain set time node.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the method can accurately calculate the energy efficiency of the frequency converter, provides reference for the evaluation of the energy efficiency of the frequency converter and the selection of the frequency converter, and provides reference for the energy efficiency measurement of other power equipment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The following will describe an embodiment of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and as shown in fig. 1, a schematic flow chart of a method for rapidly measuring energy efficiency of a frequency converter provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown, where the method includes:
step 1, collecting voltage and current signals at an input port and an output port of a frequency converter to be tested to obtain a voltage signal U and a current signal I;
step 2, sampling a voltage signal U and a current signal I by using a data acquisition card, sampling N points of input end signals per cycle, and intercepting output end signals for t time length to obtain corresponding sampling voltage and current signals U (N) and I (N);
in this step, because the frequency of the input end signal (with the period of T) is determined, the input end signal of the frequency converter to be tested is truncated in a whole period, the number of periods is taken as Y (Y is 1,2,3 …), and the length of the corresponding time window is T;
the method comprises the steps of sampling a voltage signal U and a current signal I by a data acquisition card, converting an analog quantity into a digital quantity, sampling N points of input end signals per cycle, intercepting output end signals for t time length, and obtaining corresponding voltage and current signals U (N) and I (N), wherein N (N is 1,2,3 and …) is a sampling point, and the cycle number Y is 1.
Step 3, multiplying the obtained sampling voltage and current signals U (n) and I (n) corresponding points to obtain input power and output power corresponding to a single point, and respectively marking as Pin(n) and Pout(n);
Step 4, according to the input and output power P of a single pointin(n) and Pout(n) obtaining input and output power over Y cycles, expressed as:
step 5, obtaining the input and output power P according to the step 4inAnd PoutThe time domain energy efficiency of the frequency converter is obtained as follows:
step 6, processing the sampled voltage and current signals U (n) and I (n) by using Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) to obtain fundamental wave and each subharmonic voltage, frequency domain components U (k) and I (k) of the current signals and a phase difference theta (k);
where k (k ═ 1,2,3, …) is the harmonic order, the frequency domain input power of the frequency converter is:
in a specific implementation, the frequency domain components u (k), i (k) of the obtained voltage and current signals are represented as:
step 7, obtaining the frequency domain output power P of the frequency converter in the same wayout' and obtaining the frequency domain energy efficiency eta ' of the frequency converter according to the formula in the step 5, recording the values of the time domain energy efficiency eta and the frequency domain energy efficiency eta ', then taking Y as Y +1 periods, and repeating the steps 3-7;
and 8, acquiring the energy efficiency of the frequency converter to be tested based on the corresponding time domain energy efficiency and frequency domain energy efficiency values under a certain set time node.
The process of the step specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, establishing an error function e (Y) | eta-eta' | and an error threshold epsilon (epsilon can be determined according to an actual measurement result and is close to zero), wherein Y is the number of signal cycles of an input end;
obtaining a relation graph of the error function and the input end signal period number E (Y) -Y, and marking a minimum value point smaller than an error threshold value epsilon as Ej(j=1,2,3,… );
To ensure the accuracy and rapidity of the calculation, take E2And the average value of the corresponding time domain energy efficiency and the corresponding frequency domain energy efficiency under the time node is the energy efficiency of the frequency converter to be tested.
In addition, if E can not be found in the E (Y) -Y relation diagram2The time node can properly extend the length t of the sampling time window and recalculate.
The following describes the above measurement method in detail by using specific examples, and the numerical values used in the following examples are only examples, and the user can make corresponding changes according to actual requirements. In the example, the power supply voltage of certain industrial equipment is 10kV/50Hz, the power voltage of the equipment is 400V, the frequency is unknown, and the frequency conversion equipment adopts an uncontrollable diode rectifying circuit and reaches an IGBT trigger control inverter circuit through a filter capacitor. When the equipment normally works, voltage and current signals are respectively collected at the input end and the output end of the frequency converter, 256 points are sampled at each cycle of the input end signal, the electric quantity of the time domain and the frequency domain of the frequency converter is calculated, the energy efficiency of the frequency converter and the frequency domain is calculated and compared, when the energy efficiency difference of the time domain and the frequency domain is minimum, the energy efficiency of the frequency converter is the average value of the energy efficiency of the time domain and the frequency domain, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
(1) the signal collector is correctly arranged at the input end and the output end of the frequency converter, and the voltage and current signals are measured under the condition that the equipment works normally, wherein the measuring time is 5 minutes;
(2) performing whole-cycle truncation on the input end voltage current signal in the step (1), wherein the length of a time window is 1s, namely the cycle number Y is 50, and the sampling N per cycle is 256 points, so as to obtain a discrete sequence;
(3) taking the input end signal period Y as 1, multiplying the corresponding points of the discrete voltage and current signals to obtain the corresponding instantaneous power P of a single pointin(n) and Pout(n) determining total input and output power P in Y periodsinAnd PoutAnd then calculating the total input and output electric quantity and the energy efficiency in the time domain of the frequency converter:
(4) DFT conversion is carried out on the discrete sequence in the step (3) to obtain frequency domain components of the discrete sequence, amplitude values (U (k) and I (k)) and phase differences (theta (k)) of fundamental wave voltage and each subharmonic voltage and current signals are obtained, active power P of the fundamental wave and each subharmonic is calculatedin(k) And Pout(k) Calculating the total input and output power P of the frequency converterin' and PoutAnd calculating the total input and output electric quantity and energy efficiency in the frequency domain of the frequency converter:
(5) recording the values of η and η', taking the period Y of the input end signal as Y +1, repeating steps (3) and (4), and drawing a graph of the relationship between the error function and the period e (Y) -Y of the input end signal, as shown in fig. 2, which is a graph of the relationship between the error function and the period e (Y) -Y of the input end signal in the example of the present invention, with reference to fig. 2: defining epsilon to be 0.1% according to actual measurement results, and taking a minimum value point smaller than epsilon as Ej(j=1,2,3, … )。
(6) Then determining a time node E according to the step (5)
2The corresponding period Y is 46, and the energy efficiency of the frequency converter is equal to 46 without considering rounding errors
It is noted that those skilled in the art will recognize that embodiments of the present invention are not described in detail herein.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.