CN109998795B - Pressure injury prevention mattress used on flat car - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a pressure injury prevention mattress used on a flatcar, which comprises an air cushion bed, an air pump, a control device, an electromagnetic valve and a power supply device, wherein the air cushion bed is divided into three areas (two side areas) with small risk of pressure injury, two groups of strip-shaped air bags are alternately arranged, and the first air pump circularly charges and discharges air into the two groups of strip-shaped air bags every 8 minutes; on the basis of recurrent inflation and exhaust, the inflation degree of the second air pump to each position is regulated by the control device according to the pressure change of each position on the air cushion bed in the region (middle region) with high risk of pressure injury; the invention is economical, practical, comfortable and effective, can meet the requirements of different individuals on the air cushion bed, effectively prevents the occurrence of pressure injury during the anesthesia recovery period and the transportation process of patients after general anesthesia operation, and is also suitable for emergency treatment and rescue rooms and 120 first-aid transportation processes.

Description

Pressure injury prevention mattress used on flat car

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, specifically a pressure injury prevention and treatment mattress used on a flat car.

Background technique

Pressure injuries are a common problem faced by health care institutions around the world. They not only cause great pain to patients and seriously reduce their quality of life, but also increase medical costs and consume a large amount of medical resources. Surgery patients are a high-risk group for pressure injuries, with an incidence rate as high as 4.7% to 66.0%. Patients under general anesthesia after surgery generally have to experience anesthesia recovery time of 60 to 80 minutes on a flat car. Due to the residual effects of various anesthetics and muscle relaxants, preoperative malnutrition, long periods of braking during surgery, and surgical trauma, , blood loss, fluid loss, pain and other effects, the patient's risk of pressure injury is greatly increased at this time. Common methods of preventing pressure injuries during recovery from anesthesia include: turning, sponge pads, elastic foam, silicone and gel mattresses. Its shortcomings are:

1. During the anesthesia recovery period, the patient's vital signs are still unstable and life-threatening may occur at any time. At this time, moving the patient is more likely to be dangerous. In addition, due to the manpower and space in the anesthesia recovery room, it is difficult to turn the patient over.

2. Sponge pads commonly used in clinical practice have poor air permeability and can easily form local depressions over a long period of time, and the patient's sweat and blood can easily accumulate. This will not only cause the patient's local skin to be damp and tissue stasis, leading to pressure injuries. It may also cause nosocomial infections.

3. Elastic foam, silicone or gel mattresses are only used by a very small number of hospitals in China because they are expensive and impractical.

Different parts of the human body experience different pressures when lying down, and the risk of pressure injury is also different. When the pressure on local tissues exceeds the average capillary pressure of 32mmHg, ischemic-hypoxic necrosis can occur. When the pressure exceeds 70mmHg and continues 2h can cause irreversible tissue and cell changes. Research shows that when lying down, the pressure on the sacrococcygeal region is the largest, about 83mmHg, and the pressure on the shoulders and heels is 32mmHg and 18mmHg respectively. Pressure injuries in the sacrococcygeal region account for about 70.12% of hospital-acquired pressure injuries. Patients on the flat car can only lie supine, so the risk of pressure injury in the sacrococcygeal region of patients on the flat car is significantly higher than that of other parts. In addition, different patients have different body types, and the support pressure required by their bodies is also different, but the pressure commonly used in clinical practice Sexual injury prevention and treatment mattresses have a fixed shape, and the positions of each pressure support point after inflation are also fixed. The patient experience is poor, and the effect of preventing pressure injuries is limited; the pressure-adjustable smart air bed can be adjusted according to the pressure of various parts of the human body. The inflated pressure of an air mattress can effectively prevent the occurrence of pressure injuries, but it is expensive, has poor practicality, and is not suitable for clinical application.

In addition, the existing air mattress can only use AC power and cannot be used when there is no AC power or the AC power is cut off, which greatly limits its application. Moreover, if there is a power outage during use, the mattress cannot be inflated, and the patient sleeps directly on the hard bed. Pressure injuries are more likely to occur on the bed board.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a pressure injury prevention and treatment mattress used on a flat car. The invention can meet the needs of different individuals for air mattresses and effectively prevent pressure injuries during the anesthesia recovery period and transportation process of patients after general anesthesia. occurrence, it is also applicable to the emergency room and 120 emergency transfer process.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a pressure injury prevention mattress used on a flat lathe, which includes a flat lathe bed and an air bed placed on the flat lathe bed. It is characterized in that: it also includes an air pump, a control unit, and an air mattress. device, a solenoid valve and a power supply device. The air mattress is divided into three areas, two side areas and a middle area. The air pump includes a first air pump and a second air pump. The solenoid valve includes a first solenoid valve and a second solenoid valve. ,

The two side areas include: strip air bags and tracheas. The strip air bags are arranged alternately in two groups. Each group of strip air bags is connected to a trachea. The trachea is fixed in the tracheal groove under the strip air bag. The two groups of tracheas are The first air pump is connected to the first air pump respectively, and the first air pump circulates inflates and exhausts the two sets of strip air bags; the strip air bags are installed flatly on the base fabric, and the base fabric is at the bottom of the air mattress bed; both sides of the strip air bags The ends are connected to the base fabric with buttons, and the fixed belt is tightly fastened to the middle part of the strip-shaped air bag;

The middle area includes an air cushion surface and multiple independent air bags. The air cushion surface is wrapped around and on the upper surface of the air bags. The air bags are arranged alternately in two groups. Each air bag has a separate inflation valve. The two groups of air bags pass through their respective inflation valves. Connected to a trachea, and respectively connected to the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve and the second air pump through the trachea, the second air pump inflates the two sets of air bags cyclically;

The upper surface of the air cushion surface is covered with a membrane pressure sensor. The membrane pressure sensor includes multiple pressure sensor units. Each pressure sensor unit corresponds to an air bag and can sense pressure changes at corresponding positions on the air mattress. The output end of the membrane pressure sensor is connected to the control device. The signal input end is connected, and the output end of the control device is connected with the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve and the second air pump.

Furthermore, the pressure injury prevention and treatment mattress used on a flat car is characterized in that: the strip air bags are independent, and each strip air bag can be disassembled individually.

Furthermore, the pressure injury prevention and treatment mattress used on a flat car is characterized in that a number of micropores are provided around the surface of the air cushion.

Further, the pressure injury prevention and treatment mattress used on a flat car is characterized in that a timer is provided in the control device.

Further, the pressure injury prevention and control mattress used on a flat lathe is characterized in that: there is a layer of nylon hook straps under the base fabric that can be connected to the nylon velvet straps on the flat lathe bed. The four corners and flat car railings are fixed with ties.

Furthermore, the pressure injury prevention and treatment mattress used on a flat car is characterized in that: the surface of the air bed is made of PVC waterproof material.

Furthermore, the pressure injury prevention and treatment mattress used on a flat car is characterized in that: the power supply device is composed of a battery, a switching power supply, a selective transfer switch and a converter. The battery provides 12V DC power, and the switching power supply is 220V AC input and 12V DC output. Selecting the conversion switch can automatically select the battery or switching power supply as the working power supply, and then use the converter to convert the DC power provided by the working power supply into AC power that can be used by the air mattress.

Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

1. The present invention changes the working conditions of the air mattress according to the risk of pressure injuries in various parts of the human body. In areas with a low risk of pressure injuries, the traditional alternate inflation and exhaust method is used. In areas with a high risk of pressure injuries, , on the basis of alternate inflation and exhaust, the degree of inflation is also adjusted according to the pressure at each position on the air mattress.

2. Compared with commonly used pressure injury prevention and treatment mattresses in clinical practice, the present invention can meet the needs of different individuals for air mattresses and more effectively prevent the occurrence of pressure injuries.

3. Compared with the intelligent air bed with adjustable pressure, the present invention is economical, practical, comfortable and effective. It is not only cheap and saves resources and costs, but also can effectively prevent pressure injuries during postoperative anesthesia recovery and transport. occurs, it is also suitable for emergency rescue rooms and 120 emergency transfer processes.

4. In addition, the present invention can be powered by alternating current or a battery, and can still be used when there is no alternating current or the alternating current is out of power.

5. The surface of the mattress is made of PVC waterproof material, which can be wiped with alcohol or chlorine-containing disinfectant after use. In addition, each strip air bag can be disassembled separately, which is not only simple and convenient to clean, but also avoids moisture and nosocomial infection.

6. There is a layer of nylon hook straps at the bottom of the mattress that can be connected to the nylon velvet straps on the flat lathe bed. The four corners of the base fabric and the flat lathe railings are fixed with ties, which can effectively prevent the air bed from sliding.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the example shown in FIG. 1 .

Figure 3 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a power supply device.

Reference numbers: 1-air mattress, 11-base fabric, 12-strip air bag, 13-trachea, 14-button, 15-fixing belt, 16-air cushion surface, 17-air bag, 18-membrane pressure sensor, 2 - Air pump, first air pump - 21, second air pump - 22, 3 - control device, 4 - solenoid valve, 41 - first solenoid valve, 42 - second solenoid valve, 5 - power supply device, 51 - battery, 52 - Switching power supply, 53-conversion selector switch, 54-converter, 6-nylon hook strap, 7-flat lathe board, 8-nylon velvet strap, 9-tie.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or It is implied that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation and is therefore not to be construed as a limitation of the invention.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, it can be seen that a pressure injury prevention mattress used on a flat car includes an air mattress 1, an air pump 2, a control device 3, a solenoid valve 4, and a power supply device 5. The size of the air mattress 1 is 1900mm×600mm, the base fabric 11 is at the bottom of the air mattress 1. The air mattress 1 is divided into three areas. The areas on both sides include: strip air bags 12 and air tubes 13. Each area has seven strip air bags 12. The strip air bags 12 are installed flatly on the base fabric 11 and are arranged alternately in two groups. The first group of strip air bags 121, 123, 125... are connected to the trachea 131, and the second group of strip air bags 122, 124, 126 ... communicates with the trachea 132. The trachea 13 is fixed in the tracheal groove under the strip air bag 12. The two sets of trachea 131 and 132 are connected to the first air pump 21 respectively. The first air pump 21 pumps to the two sets of strip air bags 12 every 8 minutes. Cycle inflation and deflation. The two ends of the strip-shaped air bag 12 are connected to the base fabric 11 with buttons 14, and the fixing strap 15 tightly fastens the middle part of the strip-shaped air bag 12.

The middle area of the air mattress 1 includes an air cushion surface layer 16 and a plurality of independent air bags 17. The air cushion surface layer 16 is wrapped around and on the upper surface of the air bag 17. The air bags 17 are divided into two groups and are arranged alternately. Each air bag 17 has an independent inflation valve, odd number. The air bags 171, 173, 175, 177, 179... are connected to the trachea 133 through each inflating valve, and are connected to the first solenoid valve 41 and the second air pump 22 through the trachea 133. The even-numbered air bags 172, 174, 176, 178... are inflated through each The valve is connected to the trachea 134, and is connected to the second solenoid valve 42 and the second air pump 22 through the trachea 134. The second air pump 22 inflates the two sets of air bags 17 alternately every 8 minutes. To avoid unclearness of the drawing, it is not shown in the figure. Detailed ducting between each air bag 17 and the trachea 133,134. The membrane pressure sensor 18 covers the upper surface of the air cushion surface layer 16 and includes a plurality of pressure sensor units. Each pressure sensor unit corresponds to each air bag 17 and can sense the pressure change at the corresponding position on the air cushion bed. The output end of the membrane pressure sensor 18 is connected to The signal input end of the control device 3 is connected, and the output end of the control device 3 is connected to the solenoid valve 4 and the second air pump 22 .

When the air mattress 1 is in working condition, the control device 3 controls the first solenoid valve 41 to open, the second solenoid valve 42 to close, and the second air pump 22 starts to inflate an odd number of air bags. The control device 3 contains a timer, which counts after the inflation starts. After 8 minutes, the first solenoid valve 41 is closed, the second solenoid valve 42 is opened, and the even-numbered airbags begin to inflate. At this time, the odd-numbered airbags begin to slowly exhaust, and the cycle repeats. At the same time, when the air bag 17 is in the inflated state, each membrane pressure sensor 18 can sense the pressure at the corresponding position on the air bed and transmit the electrical signal to the control device 3. The control device 3 processes the electrical signal sent by the membrane pressure sensor 18 and adjusts the signal according to each The size of the position pressure controls the degree of inflation of each air bag 17 by the second air pump 22. The second air pump 22 is divided into six gears. The larger the gear, the greater the inflation amount. At the position with high pressure, the second air pump 22 will inflate the air bag 17. The second air pump 22 inflates a smaller amount of air at a position where the air volume is larger and the pressure is smaller.

The patient on the flat car can only lie supine. At this time, the risk of pressure injury in the sacrococcygeal area is significantly higher than that in other parts. The present invention adopts the traditional method of alternating inflation and exhaust in the area with low risk of pressure injury (areas on both sides). In the area with a high risk of pressure injury (the middle area), on the basis of alternating inflation and exhaust, the inflation level of each position of the mattress is also adjusted according to the pressure on each part of the body. Compared with commonly used clinical pressure injury prevention and treatment mattresses and intelligent air mattresses with adjustable pressure, the present invention is economical, practical, comfortable and effective. It not only saves costs and resources, but also can meet the needs of different individuals for air mattresses. It can effectively prevent the occurrence of pressure injuries during the anesthesia recovery period and transportation process of patients after general anesthesia. It can also be used in the emergency rescue room and 120 emergency transportation process.

Specifically, the strip-shaped air bags 12 are independent, and each strip-shaped air bag 12 can be disassembled individually.

Specifically, the air cushion surface layer 16 is provided with a number of micropores around it.

Specifically, there is a layer of nylon hook straps 6 under the base fabric 11 that can be connected to the nylon velvet straps 8 on the flat lathe board 7. In addition, the four corners of the base fabric and the flat lathe railings are fixed with ties 9, which can effectively prevent the air mattress from slipping. slide.

Specifically, the surface of the air mattress 1 is made of PVC waterproof material, which can be wiped with alcohol or chlorine-containing disinfectant after use, making cleaning simple and convenient.

Referring to FIG. 3 , it can be seen that the power supply device 5 includes a battery 51 , a switching power supply 52 , a selective transfer switch 53 and a converter 54 . The battery 51 provides 12V DC power as the working power supply, the switching power supply 52 inputs 220V AC power and outputs 12V DC power as the working power supply. Selecting the conversion switch 53 can automatically select the battery 51 or the switching power supply 52 as the working power supply, and then convert the 12V DC power through the converter 54 It is 12V 50HZ alternating current and supplies the air pump 2, control device 3, solenoid valve 4 and the entire air mattress 1.

The present invention can use either alternating current or storage batteries, has a very wide range of applications, and can still be used when there is no alternating current or the alternating current is out of power.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within the range.

Claims (7)

1. A pressure injury prevention mattress used on a flat car, including a flat lathe board (7) and an air mattress (1) placed on the flat lathe board (7), characterized in that: it also includes an air pump (2) , control device (3), solenoid valve (4) and power supply device (5). The air mattress (1) is divided into three areas, two side areas and a middle area. The air pump (2) includes a first air pump (21 ) and a second air pump (22), the solenoid valve (4) includes a first solenoid valve (41) and a second solenoid valve (42), The two side areas include: strip air bags (12) and trachea (13). The strip air bags (12) are alternately arranged in two groups. Each group of strip air bags (12) is connected to a trachea (13). The trachea (13) 13) Fixed in the tracheal groove under the strip air bag (12), the two sets of tracheas (13) are connected to the first air pump (21) respectively, and the first air pump (21) circulates to the two sets of strip air bags (12) Inflate and exhaust; the strip air bag (12) is installed flatly on the base fabric (11), and the base fabric (11) is at the lowest layer of the air bed (1); the two ends of the strip air bag (12) are in contact with the bottom The cloth (11) is connected with buttons (14), and the fixing belt (15) is tightly fastened to the middle part of the strip-shaped air bag (12); The middle area includes an air cushion surface layer (16) and multiple independent air bags (17). The air cushion surface layer (16) is wrapped around and on the upper surface of the air bag (17). The air bags (17) are arranged alternately in two groups. Each air bag (17) has a separate inflation valve. The two groups of air bags (17) are connected to a trachea (13) through their respective inflation valves, and are connected to the first solenoid valve (41) and the second solenoid valve (41) through the trachea (13). 42) is connected to the second air pump (22), and the second air pump (22) inflates the two sets of air bags (17) in cycles; The upper surface of the air cushion surface layer (16) is covered with a membrane pressure sensor (18). The membrane pressure sensor (18) includes a plurality of pressure sensor units. Each pressure sensor unit corresponds to an air bag (17). The membrane pressure sensor (18) The output end is connected to the signal input end of the control device (3), and the output end of the control device (3) is connected to the first solenoid valve (41), the second solenoid valve (42) and the second air pump (22). 2. A pressure injury prevention and treatment mattress used on a flat car according to claim 1, characterized in that: the strip air bags (12) are independent, and each strip air bag (12) All can be disassembled individually. 3. A pressure injury prevention mattress for use on a flat car according to claim 1, characterized in that: the surface layer (16) of the air cushion is provided with a number of micropores around it. 4. A pressure injury prevention mattress used on a flat car according to claim 1, characterized in that: a timer is provided in the control device (3). 5. A pressure injury prevention mattress used on a flat car according to claim 1, characterized in that: there is a layer of nylon hook straps (6) under the base cloth (11) that can be connected with the flat lathe board ( 7) The upper nylon velvet belts (8) are connected to each other, and the four corners of the base fabric (11) and the railings of the flat car are fixed with ties (9). 6. A pressure injury prevention mattress used on a flat car according to claim 1, characterized in that: the surface of the air bed (1) is made of PVC waterproof material. 7. A pressure injury prevention and treatment mattress used on a flat car according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power supply device (5) consists of a battery (51), a switching power supply (52), and a selector switch. (53) and converter (54), the battery (51) provides 12V DC power, the switching power supply (52) is 220V AC input and 12V DC output, and the selector switch (53) can automatically select the battery (51) or the switching power supply (52). 52) as a working power supply, and then convert the DC power provided by the working power supply into AC power that can be used by the air mattress (1) through the converter (54).