CN109995066B - Control method of single-phase chain type power electronic energy storage converter - Google Patents
Control method of single-phase chain type power electronic energy storage converter Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
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Abstract
The invention provides a control method of a single-phase chain type power electronic energy storage converter, which divides the control of the whole energy storage converter into four links: the system comprises an energy storage battery SOC control loop, an energy storage unit cascade inverter current control loop, a power grid voltage phase lock and an energy storage unit SOC balance control. The control method is suitable for the energy storage converter after energy storage battery units with different voltage grades and different residual capacities are cascaded, the utilization rate of the energy storage battery is improved, the battery selection of the energy storage device is more flexible, and meanwhile, the low-voltage battery can be connected into a medium-voltage power grid for use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage converter control algorithm design, in particular to a control method of a single-phase chain type power electronic energy storage converter.
Background
In the basic topology structure of the multilevel converter, the cascaded H-bridge topology structure has the advantages of requiring the minimum number of devices, not requiring a large number of clamping diodes and flying capacitors, being easy to modularize and the like, and is considered to be more suitable for the converter of a power grid interface.
The process development of the battery is limited, a topological structure with multiple parallel machines is generally adopted for a general high-capacity energy storage device, and then a low-voltage power grid is connected, and the topological structure has higher requirement on the consistency of the energy storage battery.
In order to solve the problem that batteries with different voltage grades are applied to the same energy storage device, the invention adopts a single-phase chain type topological structure and provides a corresponding control strategy.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a control method of a single-phase chained power electronic energy storage converter, and aims to provide a control method of an energy storage converter after energy storage battery units with different voltage grades and different residual capacities are cascaded, so that the utilization rate of an energy storage battery is improved, the battery selection of an energy storage device is more flexible, and meanwhile, the connection of a low-voltage battery into a medium-voltage power grid is possible.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a control method of a single-phase chain type power electronic energy storage converter divides the control of the whole energy storage converter into four links: the system comprises an energy storage battery SOC control loop, an energy storage unit cascade inverter current control loop, a power grid voltage phase lock and an energy storage unit SOC balance control.
The energy storage battery SOC control loop comprises the following steps:
step 101, calculating the SOC values of all basic battery modules through the management unit BMS of each energy storage battery, and then calculating the average value SOC of all battery modulesfbk_AvgMaximum value SOCfbk_MaxAnd minimum value SOCfbk_MinAnd sending the data to a battery state judgment module;
102, dividing the battery state into 4 types in the battery state judgment module:
SOC control disabled state, priority 1;
·SOCfbk_Max<SOCchg_Minthe SOC value is too low, the state of low electric quantity is realized, and the priority is 2;
·SOCfbk_Min>SOCchg_Maxthe SOC value is too high, the high electric quantity state is realized, and the priority is 3;
·SOCfbk_Max-SOCfbk_Min>SOCchg_Errthe SOC value is normal, the internal balance state is realized, and the priority is 4;
SOCchg_Min、SOCchg_Max、SOCchg_Errrespectively a control value minimum value, a control value maximum value and a control value deviation value of the SOC value;
103, the battery state judgment module calculates the amplitude given I of the active current by integrating the SOC state of each battery unit according to the SOC control forbidding/enabling signal sent by the superior controlprefAmplitude of reactive current given IqrefAnd sent to the inverter current control section.
Secondly, the energy storage unit cascade inverter current control loop comprises the following steps:
step 201, receiving an energy storage battery S by an inverter current control partOutput of OC control Loop IprefAnd IqrefAnd simultaneously receiving the given value I of the active current sent by the superior controlpref_sGiven value of reactive current Iqref_s，IprefAnd IqrefAre each independently of Ipref_s、Iqref_sAfter addition, the phases output by the power grid voltage phase-locked PLL part are multiplied respectively, the active phase Cos theta is multiplied by the active phase, and the reactive phase Sin theta is multiplied by the reactive phase to obtain the instantaneous given value I of the active currentpref1And instantaneous set point of reactive current Iqref1The two are added to be used as the instantaneous given value I of the total currentref；
Step 202, setting the instantaneous set value I of the total currentrefAnd carrying out closed-loop control on the current at the alternating current side, adopting a quasi PR controller capable of controlling the alternating current, and taking the value output by the quasi PR controller as the total inversion voltage output value to store the SOC balance control part of the battery.
And thirdly, calculating active/reactive phases Cos theta and Sin theta of the grid voltage by using the SOGI by the grid voltage phase-locked PLL part, and outputting the active/reactive phases Cos theta and Sin theta to the inverter current control part.
Fourthly, in the SOC balance control part of the energy storage unit, according to the SOC feedback value SOC of each battery unitfbk_u1..unAnd the SOC average value SOC of all the battery cellsfbk_AvgUsing a ratio adjustment module KpControlling the electric quantity among the battery units; the module outputs N-path modulation wave U after passing through the total inversion voltage of the distribution devices1..snAnd each energy storage inverter unit is modulated and used.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides the control method of the energy storage converter after the energy storage battery units with different voltage grades and different residual capacities are cascaded, so that the utilization rate of the energy storage battery is improved, the battery selection of the energy storage device is more flexible, and the low-voltage battery can be connected into a medium-voltage power grid for use.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a topological structure diagram of a single-phase chain type power electronic energy storage converter;
FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of a single-phase chained energy storage system;
FIG. 3 is a steady state vector diagram for the device state of charge;
FIG. 4 is a steady state vector diagram for the discharge state of the device;
fig. 5 is a vector diagram of the internal charge balance of the energy storage unit of the device.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The topological structure diagram of the single-phase chain type power electronic energy storage converter is shown in fig. 1, the system adopts an H-bridge multi-level topological structure, and the inversion sides are connected in series, so that the control freedom degree of current is 1, namely only the total alternating current inversion current can be controlled. The energy storage converter with the chain topology can realize battery cascade connection of different voltage grades on the premise that the total inversion voltage of the device is not changed. And performing charge and discharge control according to the residual capacity of each energy storage battery unit, which is a primary condition for realizing the control strategy of the invention.
As shown in fig. 2, a control method of a single-phase chain-type power electronic energy storage converter divides the control of the whole energy storage converter into four links: the system comprises an energy storage battery SOC control loop, an energy storage unit cascade inverter current control loop, a power grid voltage phase lock and an energy storage unit SOC balance control.
The energy storage battery SOC control loop is a control link of all battery SOCs of the whole energy storage device, and comprises the following steps:
step 101, calculating the SOC values of all basic battery modules through the management unit BMS of each energy storage battery, and then calculating the average value SOC of all battery modulesfbk_AvgMaximum value SOCfbk_MaxAnd minimum value SOCfbk_MinAnd sending the data to a battery state judgment module;
102, dividing the battery state into 4 types in the battery state judgment module:
SOC control disabled state, priority 1;
·SOCfbk_Max<SOCchg_Minthe SOC value is too low, the state of low electric quantity is realized, and the priority is 2;
·SOCfbk_Min>SOCchg_Maxthe SOC value is too high, the high electric quantity state is realized, and the priority is 3;
SOCfbk_Max-SOCfbk_Min>SOCchg_Errthe SOC value is normal, the internal balance state is realized, and the priority is 4;
the variables for this portion of FIG. 2 are explained as follows:
SOCfbk_u1..unthe percentage of the remaining capacity of the energy storage battery units from 1# to n #;
SOCfbk_Minthe minimum value of the SOC values of all the energy storage battery units;
SOCfbk_Maxthe maximum value of the SOC values of all the energy storage battery units;
SOCfbk_Avgaverage value of SOC values of all energy storage battery units;
SOCchg_Min、SOCchg_Max、SOCchg_Errthe control value minimum value, the control value maximum value and the control value deviation value of the SOC value are respectively.
103, the battery state judgment module calculates the amplitude given I of the active current by integrating the SOC state of each battery unit according to the SOC control forbidding/enabling signal sent by the superior controlprefAmplitude of reactive current given IqrefAnd sent to the inverter current control section;
the partial variables in FIG. 2 have the following meanings:
Iprefsetting an amplitude value for active current controlled by the SOC of the energy storage battery unit;
Iqrefsetting the reactive current given amplitude controlled by the SOC of the energy storage battery unit;
battery SOC control enable: a battery SOC control enabling signal issued by the upper-level control;
secondly, the energy storage unit cascade inverter current control loop comprises the following steps:
step 201, an inverter current control part receives output I of an energy storage battery SOC control loopprefAnd IqrefAnd simultaneously receiving the given value I of the active current sent by the superior controlpref_sGiven value of reactive current Iqref_s，IprefAnd IqrefAre each independently of Ipref_s、Iqref_sAfter addition, the phases output by the power grid voltage phase-locked PLL part are multiplied respectively, the active phase Cos theta is multiplied by the active phase, and the reactive phase Sin theta is multiplied by the reactive phase to obtain the instantaneous given value I of the active currentprefAnd instantaneous set point of reactive current IqrefThe two are added to be used as the instantaneous given value I of the total currentref；
Step 202, setting the instantaneous set value I of the total currentrefAnd carrying out closed-loop control on the current at the alternating current side, adopting a quasi PR controller capable of controlling the alternating current, and taking the value output by the quasi PR controller as the total inversion voltage output value to store the SOC balance control part of the battery.
The quasi-PR modulator transfer function used in this section is as follows:
quasi-PR regulator transfer function:
(the quasi-PR regulator transfer function is prior art, where the variables are well known and not explained here).
The inverter current control part variables in fig. 2 have the following meanings:
Ipref_sthe active current output by the superior control unit is given with an amplitude value;
Iqref_sthe idle current output by the upper control unit is given with an amplitude value;
cos θ: the active phase of the grid voltage;
sin θ: reactive phase of the grid voltage;
Irefa given value (instantaneous value) of the total alternating side current;
Isactual feedback value (instantaneous value) of the total ac side current;
Iratedrated value of the total AC side current (AC amplitude, for I)sPer unit value processing);
Ugactual feedback value (instantaneous value) of the AC side voltage;
Uratedrated value of the AC-side voltage (AC amplitude for U)gPer unit value processing);
UOthe set value of the total voltage modulation wave at the inversion side of the energy storage converter.
Third, the grid voltage phase-locked PLL part uses the SOGI to calculate the grid voltage UgAnd the active/reactive phases Cos theta and Sin theta are output to the inverter current control part.
The transfer function of the SOGI is as follows:
transfer function of SOGI (second order generalized integrator):
(the SOGI transfer function is prior art, where the variables are well known and not explained here).
Fourthly, in the SOC balance control part of the energy storage unit, according to the SOC feedback value SOC of each battery unitfbk_u1..unAnd the SOC average value SOC of all the battery cellsfbk_AvgUsing a ratio adjustment module KpMultiplying the output value of the proportional regulating module by the given value I of the total AC side currentrefAfter the phase Cos Φ, performing electric quantity control between the battery units; the module outputs N-path modulation wave U after passing through the total inversion voltage of the distribution devices1..snAnd each energy storage inverter unit is modulated and used.
The variables used in this section of fig. 2 have the following meanings:
Kpproportional control coefficient of the SOC balance control part of the energy storage battery;
cos Φ: the phase of the given value of the total inversion current;
Us1..sngiven value of modulation wave of energy storage inverter from 1# to n #.
The control method of the invention is explained in principle as follows:
the energy storage converter working condition judgment module is a core control module of the control strategy. According to the distribution condition of the residual electric quantity of each energy storage battery unit, the working states of the energy storage converter can be divided into the following three types:
1. energy storage battery state of charge (low state of charge);
2. energy storage battery discharge state (high state of charge);
3. and the electric quantity in the energy storage battery is in a balanced state.
1) Device state of charge
In this state, the energy storage battery units of the whole device are all in a low-power state, and power needs to be obtained from the power grid to supplement the power of the battery. This state is entered when the grid does not require the energy storage converter to operate as much as possible.
At this time, the device is in an active absorption state to the power grid, and a unit inverter voltage magnitude graph is shown in fig. 3. The direction of each unit inversion voltage vector is consistent with the direction of the cascaded total inversion voltage, the phase of the total inversion voltage lags behind the voltage of the power grid, and the output of each unit can be distributed by adjusting the amplitude of each unit inversion voltage. It should be noted that if the inverter voltage output capability of a single cell is not sufficient, each cell must be in a charged state, i.e., cannot discharge the single cell.
2) Device discharge state
In this state, the energy storage battery of whole device is in high electric quantity state, and because energy storage battery storage capacity is abundant this moment, can carry out corresponding active power output according to the behavior of electric wire netting. The inversion voltage vector diagram of the device is shown in fig. 4, at this time, the device is in an active state to the power grid, the direction of the inversion voltage vector of each unit is consistent with the direction of the total inversion voltage after cascading, the phase of the total inversion voltage is ahead of the voltage of the power grid, and the output of each unit can be distributed by adjusting the inversion voltage amplitude of each unit.
3) Internal state of charge balance
When the unit of the whole device has serious uneven power distribution, that is, nearly half of the unit batteries are in full power, and the rest of the unit batteries are in a deep discharge state, the condition can seriously affect the output capability of the device.
a. If the working condition occurs before the device is started, the low-power battery can be charged by an external power supply, and the power grid is connected to work after the battery is fully charged. This solution has high safety, but requires an additional charging power supply, and is time-consuming and economically inefficient.
b. If the voltage output capability of the energy storage battery units after being cascaded is enough, the low-battery can be charged. At this moment, the energy storage unit of full charge can insert the battery, charges the battery of low-power.
The control strategy of the present invention uses the 2 nd internal power balance control method to charge the low-power energy storage battery cells through the high-power energy storage battery cells. The whole device has no active exchange to the grid, but reactive exchange exists because a certain amount of reactive current is needed for power balance. At this time, when m units of an n-stage cascaded inverter consume active power, the active power is provided by the rest n-m units, the whole device does not exchange active power to the outside, and an inversion voltage vector diagram is shown in fig. 5.
The control strategy of the invention adopts the closed-loop control of the total residual electric quantity of the energy storage battery to obtain the active current amplitude of the whole device; a PLL (phase locked loop) of the voltage on the power grid side is formed by adopting a generalized second-order integrator (SOGI integrator); a quasi-PR regulator is adopted to carry out static-error-free control on alternating current; and a proportional controller is adopted to control the electric quantity balance among the energy storage modules.
The above embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The methods used in the above examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
Claims (3)
1. A control method of a single-phase chain type power electronic energy storage converter is characterized in that the control of the whole energy storage converter is divided into four links: the system comprises an energy storage battery SOC control loop, an energy storage unit cascade inverter current control loop, a power grid voltage phase locking part and an energy storage unit SOC balance control part;
the energy storage battery SOC control loop comprises the following steps:
step 101, calculating the SOC values of all battery modules through the management unit BMS of each energy storage battery, and then calculating the average value SOC of all battery modulesfbk_AvgMaximum value SOCfbk_MaxAnd minimum value SOCfbk_MinAnd sending the data to a battery state judgment module;
102, dividing the battery state into 4 types in the battery state judgment module:
SOC control disabled state, priority 1;
·SOCfbk_Max<SOCchg_Minthe SOC value is too low, the state of low electric quantity is realized, and the priority is 2;
·SOCfbk_Min>SOCchg_Maxthe SOC value is too high, the high electric quantity state is realized, and the priority is 3;
·SOCfbk_Max-SOCfbk_Min>SOCchg_Errthe SOC value is normal, the internal balance state is realized, and the priority is 4;
SOCchg_Min、SOCchg_Max、SOCchg_Errrespectively a control value minimum value, a control value maximum value and a control value deviation value of the SOC value;
103, the battery state judgment module calculates the amplitude given I of the active current by integrating the SOC state of each battery unit according to the SOC control forbidding/enabling signal sent by the superior controlprefAmplitude of reactive current given IqrefAnd sent to the inverter current control section;
the energy storage unit cascade inverter current control loop comprises the following components:
step 201, an inverter current control part receives output I of an energy storage battery SOC control loopprefAnd IqrefAnd simultaneously receiving the given value I of the active current sent by the superior controlpref_sGiven value of reactive current Iqref_s，IprefAnd IqrefAre each independently of Ipref_s、Iqref_sAfter addition, the phases output by the power grid voltage phase-locked PLL part are multiplied respectively, the active phase Cos theta is multiplied by the active phase, and the reactive phase Sin theta is multiplied by the reactive phase to obtain the instantaneous given value I of the active currentpref1And instantaneous set point of reactive current Iqref1The two are added to be used as the instantaneous given value I of the total currentref；
Step 202, setting the instantaneous set value I of the total currentrefClosed-loop control of AC side current, using control of AC currentAnd the quasi PR controller outputs the value of the part as the total inversion voltage of the device to the SOC balance control part of the energy storage battery.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grid voltage phase-locked PLL portion uses the SOGI to calculate the active/reactive phases Cos θ and Sin θ of the grid voltage, and outputs the calculated phases to the energy storage unit cascaded inverter current control loop.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the energy storage unit SOC balance control part controls the single-phase chain-type power electronic energy storage converter according to the SOC feedback value SOC of each battery unitfbk_u1..unAnd the SOC average value SOC of all the battery cellsfbk_AvgUsing a ratio adjustment module KpControlling the electric quantity among the battery units; the module outputs N-path modulation wave U after passing through the total inversion voltage of the distribution devices1..snAnd each energy storage inverter unit is modulated and used.
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