CN109989991A - Multi-rib multi-sensing bolt gasket - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-rib multi-induction bolt gasket, which comprises a gasket main body and a center hole thereof, a gasket bottom plate is sleeved on the inner side of the gasket main body, a positioning slot is arranged on the inner side of the gasket main body, and the gasket bottom plate is provided The flange is provided with a flange, and the flange is matched with the positioning slot, and a sensor assembly groove is arranged on the inner side of the gasket body, and a MEMS pressure sensor is installed therein. After the part of the explosion venting wall gasket is replaced with the gasket of the present invention, it can provide display and record the pressure change of the explosion venting wall, and provide alarm information when the pressure changes to a critical level. The invention can also provide dynamic data support for the detection of the multi-rib explosion venting gasket, so as to provide help for the definition and detection of different levels of the multi-rib explosion venting gasket.

Description

Multi-rib multi-sensing bolt gasket

technical field

The invention relates to the structural engineering of buildings, bridges, dams, slopes, mines, rock masses, towering structures, large venues and other buildings, in particular to the technology of safety defense gaskets in the field of steel structure engineering, in particular to a technology capable of real-time acquisition Multi-rib and multi-sensing bolt gaskets for surface connection point deformation and environmental information around the connection point, and a method for real-time data acquisition and accurate monitoring of structural deformation and stress-strain nephogram.

Background technique

At present, in many fields, such as buildings, bridges, dams, slopes, mines, rock masses, towering structures and large stadiums and other steel structure construction projects, connecting bolts are commonly used to fix important components, and sensors are used at the appropriate positions of key components. way to monitor the status. For example, after the steel structure composite components are connected by bolts, there are many reasons that can affect the stability of the bolted components. It is affected by the problems of the equipment itself, the difference of materials and connection strength and other factors, which will adversely affect the mechanical properties of the steel structure. For the steel structure of super high-rise large and complex buildings, whether it is in the construction process or in the later stage of completion, it is necessary to monitor the main unit item by item. , In order to avoid missed inspections, multiple inspections are required during the inspection, and the inspection efficiency is low, and the inspectors ask the hand-held inspection instruments for a long time, which increases the work intensity of the inspectors. In particular, there are still considerable difficulties in online monitoring of the actual defects of the steel structure connection of super high-rise buildings. The detection and identification are time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the identification accuracy is low, the accuracy is poor, and the detection efficiency is low, and the test results are only superficial. At present, the more common way is to set displacement sensors in key parts of the steel structure to monitor the deformation information of key parts in real time, but the layout and density of the sensors cannot fully monitor the entire building structure in real time, and some neglected minor Changes may lead to severe force imbalance or even catastrophic consequences, and the existing method of arranging sensors is only attached to the construction surface for displacement monitoring or local pressure monitoring, and cannot participate in the load-bearing part of each construction strength connection. A comparative technology is to use intelligent coating sensors for real-time monitoring of steel structures, which can comprehensively monitor the surface of steel components in real-time, but it is usually used for monitoring of bolting cracks. The principle is that the use of steel structure cracks will cause its coating The principle of resistance change is used to detect the beginning and expansion width of cracks, and online real-time monitoring is implemented through the Internet to avoid the occurrence of missed detection. This technology cannot be used for monitoring the connection relationship between main components and has this function, because intelligent coating cannot Participate in the bearing capacity of each construction connection position, so the stress and deformation of the initiation and expansion between connection constructions cannot be effectively monitored.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

When the present invention is aimed at large-scale construction and connection in the fields of buildings, bridges, dams, slopes, mines, rock masses, towering structures, and large-scale stadiums and other fields of steel structure construction projects, the existing technology cannot effectively monitor in real time the possible formation and connection between the connection components. The problem of the expanded stress and deformation situation, and the problem that the existing monitoring means cannot participate in each part of the connecting member, provides a multi-rib and multi-sensing bolt washer that is applied between the connecting members and participates in the load bearing of the connecting member.

The technical solution adopted to achieve the above purpose of the invention is to use a multi-rib multi-induction bolt gasket, which includes a gasket main body and its central perforation, and the gasket bottom plate is stacked side by side on the inner side of the gasket main body, and the inner side of the gasket main body. A positioning slot is provided, a flange is arranged on the gasket bottom plate, and the flange and the positioning slot are matched and sleeved, so that the gasket bottom plate and the gasket main body can only approach and distance axially, and are evenly distributed on the inner side of the gasket main body. A plurality of sensor assembly slots are arranged around the central perforation, in which MEMS pressure sensors, temperature sensors and humidity sensors are respectively installed. The contacts are in contact with the inner side of the gasket base plate. A MEMS pressure sensor is a thin-film element that deforms when subjected to pressure. This deformation can be measured using strain gauges (piezoresistive sensing) or by capacitive sensing of the change in distance between two faces.

Further, an annular boss protrudes outward from the outer surface of the central perforation of the gasket body, and a plurality of reinforcing ribs radially outwards are evenly distributed on the outer edge of the annular boss.

Further, after the flange and the positioning card slot are matched and fitted, the inner side of the flange is provided with a wide side to prevent the positioning card slot from coming out, and an elastic sheet is fitted in the positioning card groove on the inner side of the wide side.

Further, circumferential chucks are distributed along the circumference on the inner side of the gasket bottom plate, and the outer diameter of the circumferential chuck is equal to the inner diameter of the central through hole.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: after replacing part of the bolt gaskets or all bolt gaskets on the structural connection surface with the multi-rib multi-sensing bolt gaskets of the present invention, the stress change of the pressure-bearing structure can be monitored, displayed and recorded, and the pressure Provides an alarm message when it reaches a critical level. Real-time data collection and accurate monitoring of structural deformation and stress-strain nephogram.

The multi-rib and multi-sensing bolt gasket of the invention directly participates in the structural connection part as a load-bearing part, directly participates in the structural force, can deeply understand the subtle changes of the connection part, and detect the beginning and expansion of the unfavorable stress of the gasket caused by local deformation. The Internet can effectively implement online real-time monitoring. The invention can distribute the gaskets in each connection part of the main component, so that the distribution is comprehensive and accurate, avoiding the occurrence of missed detection, the detection is stable, comprehensive and effective, and automatic monitoring can be realized, so that it can be applied to buildings The monitoring of physical steel structure connection has obvious advantages, which can realize real-time monitoring before and after cracking of steel structure structural parts, and monitor its crack initiation and propagation. Since the gasket completely replaces the ordinary gasket for support, the most direct stress situation can be obtained, and the existing sensor detection equipment generally does not have this function.

The invention can determine whether the change of the gasket is within the specified range according to the surrounding temperature and humidity environment (cold and thermal expansion and other factors affect the stress change of the connection), so as to carry out accurate monitoring and early warning.

The present invention can also be applied to the detection of sealing pressure of container products whose internal pressure gradually increases. By changing the number of reinforcing ribs on the back of the gasket body, the explosion resistance strength can be changed, and different explosion venting levels can be controlled.

The main function of the invention can also provide dynamic data support for the detection of the multi-rib explosion venting gasket, thereby providing help for the definition and detection of different levels of the multi-rib explosion venting gasket. When the explosion-venting gasket of the present invention is directly assembled on the pressure-relief wall for fixing together with the common multi-rib pressure-relief gasket of the same level, it can provide dynamic data records for the detection of the common multi-rib explosion-venting gasket, so as to provide multi-rib explosion-venting gaskets. Different grades of rib vent gaskets are defined and determined to provide the most realistic and effective inspection data.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a multi-rib multi-induction bolt gasket of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a right side view of FIG. 1 .

Labels in the figure: 1 is the gasket body, 2 is the sensor assembly slot, 3 is the positioning slot, 4 is the center hole, 5 is the reinforcing rib, 6 is the insert groove, 7 is the gasket bottom plate, 8 is the flange, 91 is the MEMS pressure sensor, 92 is a temperature sensor, 93 is a humidity sensor, 10 is a sensor contact, 11 is a bolt rod body, 12 is a bolt cap body, 13 is a locking nut, 14 is an inner gasket, and 15 is a power signal harness.

Detailed ways

Example 1: A multi-rib multi-sensing bolt gasket that can collect the deformation of the connection point of the working surface and the environmental information around the connection point in real time, and can replace some or all bolt gaskets on the structural connection surface to achieve monitoring. And display and record the stress change of the pressure-bearing structure, and provide alarm information when the pressure changes to a critical level. Then, the functions of real-time data acquisition and accurate monitoring of structural deformation and stress-strain nephogram are realized. As shown in FIG. 1 , the explosion venting gasket includes a gasket body 1 , a gasket bottom plate 7 and a sensor group. The sensor group includes a MEMS pressure sensor 91 , a temperature sensor 92 and a humidity sensor 93 . A MEMS pressure sensor is a thin-film element that deforms when subjected to pressure. This deformation can be measured using strain gauges (piezoresistive sensing) or by capacitive sensing of the change in distance between two faces. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , a gasket bottom plate 7 is sleeved on the inner side of the gasket main body 1 , a positioning slot 3 is provided on the inner side of the gasket main body 1 , and a flange 8 is provided on the gasket bottom plate 7 . 8 Match the set with the positioning card slot 3. In this embodiment, an inserting groove 6 is arranged on the inner side of the gasket body 1, and the gasket bottom plate 7 is embedded in the inserting groove 6, thereby further constraining the gasket bottom plate 7 and preventing the gasket bottom plate 7 from being relative to the gasket body. 1 There is a sliding problem. In this embodiment, after the flange 8 is matched with the positioning slot 3 , a broad side is provided on the inner side of the flange 8 to prevent the positioning slot 3 from falling out, and the notch width of the positioning slot 3 is smaller than the width of the broad side. An elastic sheet is sleeved in the positioning card slot 3 on the inner side of the broad side. The purpose of this design is to keep the spacer bottom plate 7 and the gasket main body 1 at all times. Only when the tensioning force is large, the gasket bottom plate 7 approaches the gasket main body 1 . The inner gasket 14 in FIG. 1 is a common gasket.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a sensor mounting groove 2 is provided inside the gasket body 1, and a MEMS pressure sensor 91 is installed in it. Figure 2 shows three evenly distributed sensor mounting grooves 2. Always one or two sensors are fitted into the grooves 2 and the corresponding MEMS pressure sensors 91 are installed in a matched manner. The MEMS pressure sensor 91 is connected to the control system through the signal wire harness 15, and the control system is used to provide display and record the pressure change of the blast wall. When the pressure relief gasket of the present invention is used for the sealing of container products whose internal pressure gradually increases During pressure detection, the controller provides alarm information after detecting that the pressure in the pressure vessel has changed to a critical level. The sensor contacts 10 of the MEMS pressure sensor 91 are in contact with the inner side surface of the pad base plate 7 . Under normal conditions, the shrapnel acts so that the MEMS pressure sensor 9 does not provide a pressure signal.

The new multi-rib induction gasket of this embodiment directly participates in the stress of the structure, and the returned data is a function of the position of each stress point Mi (x, y, z) in space, the bearing capacity Fi time ti and multiple sensor parameters Vi, Form a spatial real-time data network for calculation to form a stress-strain cloud map.

Embodiment 2: On the basis of Embodiment 1, an annular boss protrudes outward from the outer surface of the center hole 4 of the gasket body 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the outer edge of the annular boss is evenly distributed radially outward. The plurality of reinforcing ribs 5. Using the pressure relief gasket of this embodiment, the explosion relief grade can be distinguished according to the number of the back reinforcement ribs 5, so as to selectively control the explosion relief direction and the explosion relief area of the explosion relief wall, so as to achieve the best explosion relief purpose. , to achieve the controllability of the explosion and reduce the explosion hazard to a minimum.

The ordinary multi-rib explosion venting gasket without MEMS pressure sensor can precisely control the explosion venting capacity according to the different number of reinforcing ribs 5, provide reliable explosion venting function, realize the controllability of the explosion, and achieve the best explosion venting purpose. However, in the field explosion venting function test of the ordinary multi-rib pressure relief gasket, the explosion relief gasket of the present invention and the ordinary multi-rib pressure relief gasket of the same level are directly assembled on the pressure relief wall for fixing, and at the same time, it can be The detection of ordinary multi-rib explosion venting gaskets provides dynamic data records, thus providing the most real and effective inspection data for the definition and determination of different levels of multi-rib explosion venting gaskets.

Claims (4)

1. A multi-rib multi-induction bolt gasket, comprising a gasket main body and its center perforation, characterized in that a gasket bottom plate is stacked side by side on the inner side of the gasket main body, and the inner side of the gasket main body is provided with a positioning slot. , the gasket bottom plate is provided with a flange, and the flange and the positioning slot are matched and sleeved, so that the gasket bottom plate and the gasket main body can only be axially approached and far away, and the inner side of the gasket main body is evenly distributed around the center perforation. A plurality of sensor assembly slots are respectively installed with MEMS pressure sensors, temperature sensors and humidity sensors. Each sensor is connected to the monitoring system through a signal line, the power line of each sensor is connected to the power module, and the contacts and gaskets of the MEMS pressure sensor The inner side of the base plate contacts. 2 . The multi-rib multi-sensing bolt gasket according to claim 1 , wherein an annular boss protrudes outward from the outer surface of the central perforation of the gasket body, and the outer edge of the annular boss is evenly distributed along the edge. 3 . A plurality of reinforcing ribs radially outward. 3 . The multi-rib multi-sensing bolt gasket according to claim 1 , wherein after the flange is matched with the positioning slot, the inner side of the flange is provided with a wide side to prevent it from coming out of the positioning slot, and the wide side is provided on the inside of the flange. 4 . A shrapnel is set in the positioning card slot on the inner side. 4 . The multi-rib explosion venting gasket according to claim 1 , wherein circumferential chucks are distributed along the circumference on the inner surface of the gasket bottom plate, and the outer diameter of the circumferential chuck is equal to the inner diameter of the central hole. 5 .