CN109972728A - A fire escape system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fire passage system. A smoke exhaust unit and a fire extinguishing unit are arranged on the ceiling of the passage, a clean air supply unit is arranged on the wall, and an escape indicator is arranged at the lower position of the wall or on the floor, and further comprises: A central control unit; wherein the wall includes an inner wall, an interlayer and an outer wall, wherein the inner wall is made of a thermally conductive material, the interlayer is filled with water, and the outer wall is an ordinary wall; the smoke exhaust unit, fire extinguishing unit The unit, the clean air supply unit, and the escape indicator 3 are all controlled by the central control unit. The fire passage system of the invention can effectively block the rapid spread of fire and smoke, prevent the main wall of the building from being directly heated, provide clean air and effective instructions for evacuating crowds, and buy more time for crowds to escape.

Description

A fire escape system

technical field

The invention relates to the field of fire protection, in particular to a fire escape system.

Background technique

As modern people live, work and other places where people's activities are becoming more and more dense, once a fire occurs, a large number of casualties will be caused if they cannot be evacuated in time, and people mainly escape through the fire escape. If the fire escape is damaged, it will cause It is very important to ensure the safety of fire evacuation routes.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a structure of a fire passage system, so as to ensure the environmental safety in the passage, and avoid that when a fire occurs, the fire or thick smoke fills the passage and makes it difficult for people to escape. For achieving the above purpose, the scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A fire passage system, a smoke exhaust unit 11 and a fire extinguishing unit 13 are arranged on the ceiling 1 of the passage, a clean air supply unit 24 is arranged on the wall 2, and an escape indicator 3 is arranged at the lower position of the wall or on the floor , and also includes a central control unit 4; wherein, the wall 2 includes an inner wall 21, an interlayer 22 and an outer wall 23, wherein the inner wall 21 is made of a thermally conductive material, the interlayer 22 is water, and the outer wall 23 is Ordinary wall; the smoke exhaust unit 11 , the fire extinguishing unit 13 , the clean air supply unit 24 , and the escape indicator 3 are all controlled by the central control unit 4 .

Further, a smoke detector 12 is provided near each smoke exhaust unit 11, and the detection result of the smoke detector 12 is fed back to the central control unit 4. When the smoke detector 12 prompts that the smoke concentration exceeds a threshold value , the central control unit 4 controls the opening of the corresponding smoke exhaust unit 11 to discharge the smoke.

Further, a fire extinguishing unit 13 is arranged between two adjacent smoke exhaust units 11 , and the fire extinguishing unit 13 includes spray and/or fire powder, and fires out according to the control of the central control unit 4 .

Further, an air curtain device is also included in the fire extinguishing unit 13 .

Further, the clean air supply unit 24 filters the outdoor air and sends it to the bottom of the interlayer of the wall through the conduit 241, and then enters the clean air containing water into the fire escape system through the guiding device 242 at the top of the interlayer close to the inner wall 21.

Further, the guiding device 242 is a fan or a pump.

Further, on the inner side wall 21 of the channel, several clean air outlets 244 are arranged.

Further, the escape indicator 3 indicates the escape direction according to the control of the central control unit 4 .

Further, a plurality of anti-dense smoke mask storage points are also arranged in the channel at intervals.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: through the cooperation of the smoke exhaust unit and the fire extinguishing unit, the rapid diffusion of fire and smoke can be effectively blocked; the interlayer wall has the functions of heat conduction and cooling, which can prevent the main wall of the building Directly heated; in addition, the introduction of clean air, on the one hand, provides survival guarantee for the evacuated people, on the other hand, it also increases the water content in the air, which can reduce the air temperature to a certain extent, increase the humidity, form a humid environment in the passage, and delay the development of the fire; This will buy more time for the crowd to evacuate.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is an overall schematic diagram of the fire escape system.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the ceiling layout of the fire escape system.

Figure 3 is a structural diagram of the wall of the fire escape system.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the wall layout of the fire escape system.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the control of the fire escape system.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As the main passage, the fire escape system needs to have a certain height and width, so as to ensure that people can quickly evacuate in the event of danger. At the same time, some fire-fighting equipment can be installed on the ceiling, wall and floor of the fire escape system to ease the development of the fire and provide sufficient time for the evacuation of personnel. In the fire escape system of the present invention, multiple devices are arranged at intervals on the ceiling 1 and the wall 2, and the overall structure is shown in FIG. 1, wherein each part is controlled by the central control unit 4 (not shown in the figure).

As shown in FIG. 2 , the ceiling 1 includes a plurality of uniformly arranged smoke exhaust units 11, and a smoke detector 12 is arranged near each smoke exhaust unit 11. When the smoke detector 12 detects that the smoke reaches an alarm level When the concentration is high, the central control unit 4 activates its corresponding smoke exhaust unit 11 to discharge the smoke outward. To avoid false alarms, it can also be set that when two or three adjacent smoke detectors 12 both detect smoke with a concentration reaching a threshold, the corresponding smoke exhaust unit 11 starts smoke exhaust.

A fire extinguishing unit 13 is also provided between two adjacent smoke exhaust units 11 . The fire extinguishing unit 13 includes spray and/or fire fighting powder. Based on the detection results of the smoke detectors 12, spray, and/or fire fighting powders are released when needed. An air curtain device can also be added to the fire extinguishing unit 13, and the air curtain is used to block the rapid diffusion of the flue gas, and concentrate the flue gas near the exhaust port to facilitate the rapid discharge of the flue gas.

As shown in Figure 3, the wall 2 of the fire escape system includes an inner wall 21, an interlayer 22 and an outer wall 23, wherein the inner wall 21 is made of thermally conductive material, the interlayer 22 contains water, and the water almost fills the entire interlayer 22, and the outer wall 23 is an ordinary wall. In the entire length of the wall, a plurality of conduits 241 are evenly arranged at the bottom of the outer wall 23, and the filtered clean air flows into the bottom of the interlayer 22 through the conduits 241. At the position where the top of the interlayer 22 is not filled with water, a plurality of Guide devices 242, each guide device 242 is connected to a clean air lead-out pipe 243 for drawing out the clean air containing water into the channel. The outlet end of the clean air outlet pipe is arranged on the inner wall of the channel, and can be designed in various shapes to beautify the wall at the same time, and the outlet position should be below the average height of the crowd to ensure that in the event of fire, people can breathe. Clean air. Here, the guide device 242 is a fan or a pump.

The walls within the fire escape system are shown in Figure 4 and include clean air outlets 244, which may be of any shape. An escape indicator 3 may also be included for indicating the direction of evacuation. And set up multiple anti-dense smoke mask storage points for people to use when there is a fire danger and the smoke is thick. Depending on the design, the escape indicator 3 can also be located on the ground.

The fire escape system also includes a central control unit 4. The detection result of the smoke detector 12 is transmitted to the central control unit 4. The central control unit 4 controls the corresponding smoke exhaust unit 11 to start smoke exhaust according to the detection result. When the smoke concentration reaches a certain level When the threshold is reached, the fire extinguishing unit 13 is activated to assist in extinguishing the fire, the air curtain is activated to block the diffusion of smoke, the guiding device 242 is activated to introduce clean air containing water into the passage, and the escape indicator 4 is controlled to carry out the correct evacuation direction according to the position of the smoke and the structure of the fire passage. instructions, as shown in Figure 5.

Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention etc., should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A fire passage system, characterized in that a smoke exhaust unit (11) and a fire extinguishing unit (13) are arranged on the ceiling (1) of the passage, and a clean air supply unit (24) is arranged on the wall (2) , an escape indicator (3) is provided at the lower position of the wall or on the floor, and also includes a central control unit (4); wherein the wall (2) includes an inner wall (21), a mezzanine (22) and an outer wall (23) ), wherein the inner wall (21) is made of thermally conductive material, the interlayer (22) is filled with water, and the outer wall (23) is an ordinary wall; the smoke exhaust unit (11), the fire extinguishing unit ( 13) The clean air supply unit (24) and the escape indicator (3) are all controlled by the central control unit (4). 2. The fire escape system according to claim 1, characterized in that a smoke detector (12) is provided near each smoke exhaust unit (11), and the detection result of the smoke detector (12) is fed back to In the central control unit (4), when the smoke detector (12) indicates that the smoke concentration exceeds the threshold, the central control unit (4) controls the opening of the corresponding smoke exhaust unit (11) to discharge the smoke. 3. The fire escape system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, a fire extinguishing unit (13) is arranged between two adjacent smoke exhaust units (11), and the fire extinguishing unit (13) comprises a spray and a / or fire-fighting powder, according to the control of the central control unit (4) to put out the fire. 4. The fire escape system according to claim 3, characterized in that, the fire extinguishing unit (13) further comprises an air curtain device. 5. The fire escape system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the clean air supply unit (24) filters the outdoor air and sends it into the bottom of the interlayer of the wall through a conduit (241), and then closes to the top of the interlayer. The guides (242) of the inner walls (21) feed clean air containing water into the fire escape system. 6. The fire escape system of claim 5, wherein the guiding device (242) is a fan or a pump. 7. The fire passage system according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, on the inner side wall (21) of the passage, a plurality of clean air outlets (244) are arranged. 8. The fire escape system according to claim 1, wherein the escape indicator (3) indicates the escape direction according to the control of the central control unit (4). 9 . The fire escape system according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of anti-dense smoke mask storage points are also arranged in the passage at intervals. 10 .