CN109958392A - Combined high voltage discharge drilling device and drilling method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a combined high-voltage discharge drilling device and a drilling method. The combined high-voltage discharge drilling device includes a drill pipe, two chambers, a laser range finder, a drill bit, a high-voltage electrode and a ground electrode. The inner chambers of the two chambers are divided into left and right Side chamber and right side chamber, pulse current generating device and signal transmission device are installed in the right side chamber, the upper ends of the two chambers are connected to the drill pipe, the top of the drill pipe is installed with a revolution turntable, and the pulse current generating device is connected to the ground electrode through the telescopic device It is connected to the high-voltage electrode, and the laser range finder is installed on the outer wall of the telescopic device; the grounding rod is installed on the telescopic device, one end is connected to the ground electrode through the telescopic device, and the other end leaks out of the telescopic device; an autorotation turntable is set under the left chamber, which rotates The turntable is connected with the pressure plate group, and the drill bit is connected with the pressure plate group through the connection plate. The invention carries out drilling through the combination of pulse discharge shock wave, plasma channel and mechanical grinding, so as to improve the drilling speed and reduce the wear of the drill bit.

Description

Combined high voltage discharge drilling device and drilling method

Technical field:

The invention relates to the field of drilling engineering, in particular to a combined high-voltage discharge drilling device and a drilling method.

Background technique:

A good drilling method and drill bit are an important part of drilling. From traditional mechanical drilling tools to rock-breaking by cavitation water jet and high-voltage pulse discharge rock-breaking, many scientific researchers are constantly exploring new and effective drilling methods. The traditional mechanical drilling tools have a series of shortcomings such as easy wear of the drilling tools and slow drilling speed during the drilling process. The advantage of high-voltage pulse discharge crushing is that the crushing speed is fast, but its energy consumption is high, and the pulse transmission efficiency of the transmission line is low. Therefore, the combination of the two drilling methods makes the drilling speed fast and the energy consumption reduced. For this new drilling method, it is necessary to design a combined high-voltage discharge drilling method and drill bit.

Invention content:

The object of the present invention is to provide a combined high-voltage discharge drilling device, which is used to solve the problems of low ROP and serious wear of the drill bit in traditional mechanical grinding. Another object of the present invention is to provide this combined high-voltage Drilling method of electric discharge drilling device.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows: the combined high-voltage discharge drilling device includes a drill pipe, two chambers, a laser range finder, a drill bit, a signal transmission device, a pressure plate group, a high-voltage electrode, and a ground electrode, The inner chamber of the two chambers is divided into a left chamber and a right chamber. A pulse current generating device and a signal transmission device are installed in the right chamber. The upper ends of the two chambers are connected with a drill pipe. The inner wall has a cable channel, the cable passes through the cable channel and is connected with the pulse current generating device, the pulse current generating device is connected with the ground electrode and the high voltage electrode through the telescopic device, and the laser range finder is installed on the outer wall of the telescopic device; On the device, one end is connected to the ground electrode through the expansion device, and the other end leaks out of the expansion device; the connecting rod is connected under the left side chamber of the two chambers, the lower end of the connecting rod is connected to the rotation turntable, and the lower part of the rotation turntable is connected to the pressure plate group. The sensor is installed inside the pressure plate group, and the drill bit is connected with the pressure plate group through the connecting plate; one end of the signal transmission device is connected with the pulse current generating device, and the other end is connected with the pressure sensor;

An insulating protective sleeve is arranged outside the high-voltage electrode, the head of the high-voltage electrode is exposed outside the insulating protective sleeve, the grounding electrode is sleeved outside the insulating protective sleeve, the end of the outer nut of the electrode is fastened with the grounding electrode, and the epoxy protective sleeve is placed in the outer nut barrel of the electrode Inside the inner wall, there is a stud in the center of the outer nut of the electrode, the stud and the head of the high-voltage electrode are arranged correspondingly, and there is a space between the stud and the head of the high-voltage electrode. Outside the interval between the stud and the head of the high-voltage electrode, the outer wall of the ground electrode has connection holes.

In the above solution, the high-voltage electrode is clamped in the insulating protective sleeve through its head, the insulating protective sleeve is clamped in the grounding electrode through its head, and the end of the grounding electrode is fixed by a tightening nut.

In the above solution, the head of the high-voltage electrode is provided with an annular groove and a square groove, and the discharge hole is a square hole.

The drilling method of the above-mentioned combined high-voltage discharge drilling device:

The rotation of the rotating turntable drives the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode to rotate around the same center of revolution. The high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode generate shock waves and plasma channels to rapidly break the rock, and the drill bit is driven by the rotating turntable to conduct joint drilling. Increase, the pressure plate group and the pressure sensor transmit the signal to the pulse current generation device through the signal transmission device, the pulse current generation device enhances the current, and improves the high voltage electrode and the ground electrode to generate shock waves and the strength of the plasma channel to break the rock, the expansion device and the laser measurement device. The distance meter continuously adjusts the distance between the high voltage electrode and the ground electrode from the ground to ensure the optimal drilling speed.

Beneficial effects:

1. The present invention conducts drilling through the combination of pulse discharge shock wave, plasma channel and mechanical grinding, improves drilling speed, reduces drill bit wear, reduces tripping time, and saves costs.

2. The present invention can ensure the occurrence of plasma by adjusting the distance between the outer nut of the electrode and the high-voltage electrode.

3. The two chambers and the cable channel adopted in the present invention play a waterproof role, and provide conditions for the drill bit, the high voltage electrode and the ground electrode to work simultaneously.

4. The telescopic device and the laser rangefinder in the present invention can ensure the best rock crushing effect by adjusting the position of the high voltage electrode and the ground electrode from the ground, can improve the work efficiency, and ensure the optimal drilling speed.

5. In the process of high-voltage discharge rock breaking, the rock will form a number of cracks between the high-voltage electrode and the ground electrode. The energy is transmitted to the inside of the rock in a pulsed manner, and the cracks continue to deepen. When the center of rotation is used as a reference, the rock forms. For a three-dimensional regional fracture, by drilling with mechanical rock breaking, the rock is more easily broken, and the drilling speed can be greatly improved.

6. The high-voltage discharge rock breaking will not produce a ceramic structure, and the wear on the main body of the mechanical drill bit is small.

Description of drawings:

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the two chambers of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the pressure sensor of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an assembly diagram of the high voltage electrode and the ground electrode.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high voltage electrode.

6 is a cross-sectional view of a high voltage electrode.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ground electrode.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the electrode outer nut.

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulating protective cover.

In the figure: 1. Cable; 2. Cable channel; 3. Revolution turntable; 4. Drill pipe; 5. Two chambers; 6. Telescopic device; 7. Laser distance meter; 8. Ground rod; 9. Ground electrode; 10. High voltage electrode; 11. Drill bit; 12. Pressure plate group; 13. Rotating turntable; 14. Connecting rod; 15. Signal transmission device; 16. Pulse current generating device; 17. Pressure sensor; 18. Connecting plate; 19. Electrode outer nut; 20. Epoxy protective sleeve; 21. Insulation protective sleeve.

Detailed ways:

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, this combined high-voltage discharge drilling device includes: cable 1, cable channel 2, revolution turntable 3, drill pipe 4, two chambers 5, telescopic device 6, laser range finder 7. Ground rod 8, ground electrode 9, high voltage electrode 10, drill bit 11, pressure plate group 12, autorotation turntable 13, connecting rod 14, signal transmission device 15, pulse current generating device 16, pressure sensor 17 and connecting plate 18; revolution The turntable 3 is installed on the top of the drill pipe 4, the cable channel 2 is designed on the inner wall of the drill pipe 4, and the cable 1 is located inside the cable channel 2; the pulse current generator 16 is connected below the cable 1, and the pulse current generator 16 is connected to the ground through the expansion device 6. The electrode 9 is connected to the high voltage electrode 10, the laser range finder 7 is installed on the outer wall of the telescopic device 6, the ground rod 8 is installed on the telescopic device 6, one end is connected to the ground electrode 9 through the telescopic device 6, and one end leaks out of the telescopic device 6 The two chambers 5 are installed below the drill pipe 4, and the pulse current generating device 16 is installed inside the two chambers 5, located in the right side chamber of the two chambers 5, and the connecting rod 14 is connected below the left side chamber of the two chambers 5 The lower end of the connecting rod 14 is connected to the autorotation turntable 13, the pressure disc group 12 is connected below the autorotation turntable 13, the pressure sensor 17 is installed inside the pressure disc group 12, and the drill bit 11 is connected to the pressure disc group 12 through the connecting disc 18; the signal transmission device 15 is installed Inside the two chambers 5 , one end is connected to the pulse current generating device 16 , and the other end is connected to the pressure sensor 17 .

Referring to Fig. 4-Fig. 9, an insulating protective sleeve 21 is provided outside the high voltage electrode 10, the head of the high voltage electrode 10 is exposed outside the insulating protective sleeve 21, the ground electrode 9 is sheathed outside the insulating protective sleeve 21, and the end of the electrode outer nut 19 is connected to the ground The electrodes 9 are fastened together, the epoxy protective sleeve 20 is placed on the inner wall of the cylinder of the electrode outer nut 19, the center of the electrode outer nut 19 has a stud, the stud and the head of the high-voltage electrode 10 are arranged correspondingly, and the stud and the head of the high-voltage electrode 10 are arranged. There is a space between them. The cylinder of the electrode outer nut 19 is evenly provided with discharge holes along the circumferential direction, and each discharge hole surrounds the space between the stud and the head of the high voltage electrode.

In this embodiment, the high voltage electrode 10 is clamped in the insulating protective sleeve 21 by its head, the insulating protective sleeve 21 is clamped in the ground electrode 9 by its head, and the end of the ground electrode 9 is fixed by a tightening nut. The head of the high voltage electrode 10 is provided with an annular groove and a square groove, and the discharge hole is a square hole.

The insulating protective cover 21 and the epoxy protective cover 20 play the role of insulation between the high-voltage electrode 10 and the ground electrode 9 and the role of insulation between the high-voltage electrode 10 and the electrode outer nut 19, so that the plasma can be formed between the electrode outer nut 19 and the electrode outer nut 19. generated between the high voltage electrodes 10 .

When this combined high-voltage discharge drilling device works, the rotation of the revolution turntable 3 drives the drill bit 11, the high-voltage electrode 10 and the ground electrode 9 to rotate around the same center of revolution, and the high-voltage electrode 10 and the ground electrode 9 generate shock waves and plasma channels to quickly break the rock, The drill bit 11 is driven by the self-rotating turntable 13 to perform joint drilling, and this way of cooperation speeds up the drilling speed; the cable channel 2 is designed on the inner wall of the drill pipe 4, and the drill bit 11, the high-voltage electrode 10 and the grounding are realized through a two-chamber 5 The electrodes 9 work at the same time; when encountering difficult-to-drill strata, the pressure increases, the pressure plate group 12 and the pressure sensor 17 transmit the signal to the pulse current generating device 16 through the signal transmission device 15, and the pulse current generating device 16 enhances the current. The pressure plate group 12 and the pressure sensor 17 are used as the pulse current generating device 16 to provide a sign of current strength. The design of the telescopic device 6 and the laser rangefinder 7 is to continuously adjust the distance between the high voltage electrode 10 and the ground electrode 9 from the ground, so that the The present invention can always ensure the optimal drilling speed. The grounding rod 8 is installed on the telescopic device 6 , one end is connected to the ground electrode 9 through the telescopic device 6 , and one end leaks out of the telescopic device 6 to contact the ground.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of joint high voltage discharge type drilling rig, it is characterized in that: this joint high voltage discharge type drilling rig includes drilling rod (4), two chambers (5), laser range finder (7), drill bit (11), signal transmitting apparatus (15), pressure disc group (12), high-field electrode (10), grounding electrode (9), two chambers (5) inner cavity are separated into left chamber, right chamber, are equipped with pulse in right chamber Current generating apparatus (16), signal transmitting apparatus (15), two chambers (5) upper end jointed rod (4), drilling rod (4) top are equipped with It revolves turntable (3), drilling rod (4) inner wall has cable passage (2), and cable (1) passes through cable passage (2) and occurs with pulse current Device (16) connection, pulse current generating device (16) pass through telescopic device (6) and grounding electrode (9) and high-field electrode (10) phase Even, laser range finder (7) is mounted on the outer wall of telescopic device (6)；Earth brace (8) is mounted on telescopic device (6), and one end is logical It crosses telescopic device (6) to be connected with grounding electrode (9), one end leakage is outside telescopic device (6)；Connecting rod (14) is connected to two chambers (5) for left chamber in the following, the lower end of connecting rod (14) connects rotation turntable (13), rotation turntable (13) connects pressure disc below Group (12), pressure sensor (17) are mounted on pressure disc group (12) inside, and drill bit (11) passes through terminal pad (18) and pressure disc group (12) it is connected；Signal transmitting apparatus (15) one end is connected with pulse current generating device (16), one end and pressure sensor (17) It is connected；

High-field electrode (10) is arranged insulating protective sleeve (21) outside, high-field electrode (10) head it is exposed insulating protective sleeve (21) outside, Grounding electrode (9) is sleeved on insulating protective sleeve (21) outside, and electrode outer nut (19) end and grounding electrode (9) are fastened on one Rise, epoxy protective case (20) is placed in electrode outer nut (19) cylinder inboard wall, and electrode outer nut (19) center has a stud, stud with High-field electrode (10) head is correspondingly arranged, and has interval, electrode outer nut (19) cylinder between stud and high-field electrode (10) head It is uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction discharge aperture, each discharge aperture is looped around outside the interval between stud and high-field electrode head, ground connection electricity Pole (9) outer wall has connecting hole.

2. joint high voltage discharge type drilling rig according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the high-field electrode (10) is logical It crosses its head to fix in insulating protective sleeve (21), insulating protective sleeve (21) is fixed in grounding electrode (9) by its head, is connect The end of ground electrode (9) is fixed by fastening nut.

3. joint high voltage discharge type drilling rig according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described high-field electrode (10) head Portion is provided with annular groove and square groove, and discharge aperture is square hole.

4. the boring method of joint high voltage discharge type drilling rig described in a kind of one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: the party Method includes the following steps: that the rotation of revolution turntable (3) drives high-field electrode (10) and grounding electrode (9) to justify around the same revolution Heart rotation, high-field electrode (10) and grounding electrode (9) generate shock wave and the rapid fractured rock of plasma channel, and drill bit (11) is logical The drive of rotation turntable (13) is crossed, combination drilling is carried out, when encountering bad ground, pressure increases, pressure disc group (12) and pressure Signal is passed to pulse current generating device (16) by signal transmitting apparatus (15) by sensor (17), and pulse current fills It sets (16) strengthening electric current, improves high-field electrode (10) and grounding electrode (9) generation shock wave and plasma channel fractured rock Intensity, telescopic device (6) and laser range finder (7) constantly adjust high-field electrode (10) and the distance of grounding electrode (9) away from ground, Guarantee optimal rate of penetration.