CN109950088B

CN109950088B - Fracture structure, arc extinguish chamber and breaking device

Info

Publication number: CN109950088B
Application number: CN201910169119.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 门博; 仝永刚; 孙珂珂; 马志华; 胡延涛; 熊萍萍; 朱继斌
Original assignee: State Grid Corp of China SGCC; Pinggao Group Co Ltd; Henan Pinggao Electric Co Ltd; Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
Current assignee: State Grid Corp of China SGCC; Pinggao Group Co Ltd; Henan Pinggao Electric Co Ltd; Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-11-21
Filing date: 2016-11-21
Publication date: 2020-04-10
Anticipated expiration: 2036-11-21
Also published as: CN109859984B; CN109950088A; CN109859984A; CN106710944A; CN106710944B

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of high-voltage electrical switches, in particular to a fracture structure, an arc extinguishing chamber and a breaking device. The fracture structure includes two stationary contacts arranged at intervals and a movable contact matched with the stationary contacts, and the movable contacts are double-ended contacts that can be opened and closed synchronously with the two stationary contacts through motion. The arc-extinguishing chamber and the breaking device respectively adopt the above-mentioned fracture structure. Under the condition of the same voltage level, the present invention can avoid the auxiliary arc extinguishing mechanism such as the nozzle in the prior art while ensuring the excellent breaking capacity, and the requirements for the operating work of the operating mechanism can also be correspondingly reduced, thereby reducing the power consumption. At the same time, due to the simple structure and light weight, the speed of opening and closing of the mechanism can also be greatly improved, which further optimizes the breaking performance of the breaking device, which is economical and practical.

Description

Fracture structure, arc extinguish chamber and breaking device

The application is a divisional application of the following applications, the application date of the original application: 2016, 11/21, original application No.: 2016110222430, title of original application: fracture structure, explosion chamber and cut-off device.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of high-voltage electrical switches, in particular to a fracture structure, an arc extinguish chamber and a breaking device.

Background

An arc extinguishing chamber of an existing breaking device generally adopts an arc extinguishing mode that a pressure cylinder blows out an electric arc, for example, the arc extinguishing chamber of the direct current breaking device disclosed in the chinese patent application with application publication number CN104134573A and application publication number 2014.11.05 comprises a porcelain bushing (namely a shell), a static end component and a moving end component are arranged in the shell, the static end component comprises a static contact base, a static contact finger, a static arc contact and a shielding cover, the moving end component comprises a moving contact device, a pressure cylinder, a nozzle, a moving contact base and a driving rod, the moving contact device comprises a moving contact body and a conductive slip ring sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the moving contact body, and the moving contact body is fixedly connected with a moving arc contact.

The working principle of the arc extinguish chamber is as follows: when the switch is switched on, the transmission rod drives the moving contact body and the pressure cylinder to continuously move forwards, so that the moving arc contact and the static arc contact are sequentially contacted, and the gas is sucked into the pressure cylinder in the process; during opening, the transmission rod drives the moving contact body and the air cylinder to move backwards continuously, the moving contact is separated from the static contact finger and the moving arc contact is separated from the static arc contact successively, electric arc is generated, at the moment, the moving contact seat extrudes gas in the air cylinder to enable the gas to be sprayed out from the nozzle towards the electric arc, strong air blowing is formed, the electric arc is blown out, in the process, the transmission rod needs to overcome the air compression counter force between the moving contact and the air cylinder as well as between the moving contact seat and the moving contact seat, and therefore a certain operation work needs to be consumed by the operating.

Due to the fact that the single-fracture structure is adopted, the arc extinguishing chamber needs to adopt an arc extinguishing mode that the air cylinder blows out electric arcs, and therefore the breaking device has breaking capacity meeting requirements.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a fracture structure which can ensure the breaking capacity and has the advantages of simple structure, small quality, small operation power and high breaking and closing speed.

Meanwhile, the invention also aims to provide the arc extinguish chamber and the breaking device adopting the fracture structure.

In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the fracture structure is as follows: the fracture structure comprises two fixed contacts arranged at intervals and a moving contact matched with the fixed contacts, wherein the moving contact is a double-end contact capable of synchronously opening and closing with the two fixed contacts through movement.

Furthermore, the two static contacts are arranged at intervals along a first direction, the moving contact is a direct-acting contact capable of reciprocating along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

Furthermore, two ends of the moving contact are arranged along a first straight line, and the two fixed contacts are also arranged along the first straight line.

In the above fracture structure, the switching end of one of the fixed contact and the movable contact has an elastic switching opening, and the switching end of the other has a switching head matched with the elastic switching opening for conducting electricity.

Furthermore, the elastic opening and closing port is arranged on the static contact, and the opening and closing contact is arranged on the movable contact.

Furthermore, the length of the embedded part of the moving contact inserted into the elastic opening and closing part is equal to half of the length of the elastic opening and closing part.

Or when the elastic opening and closing port is arranged on the static contact and the opening and closing contact is arranged on the movable contact, the movable contact is a hollow contact or a tubular contact.

Or when the opening and closing end of one of the fixed contact and the movable contact is provided with an elastic opening and closing port, and the opening and closing end of the other one of the fixed contact and the movable contact is provided with an opening and closing head matched with the elastic opening and closing port for conducting electricity, the elastic opening and closing port is formed by an opening of the C-shaped contact finger.

Further, the C-shaped contact finger is formed by cutting on the peripheral surface of the sleeve type contact finger.

Further, the size of the opening in the circumferential direction of the sleeve type contact finger is smaller than the 1/2 circumference of the sleeve type contact finger where the opening is located and is larger than or equal to the 1/4 circumference of the sleeve type contact finger where the opening is located.

The technical scheme of the arc extinguish chamber is as follows: the arc extinguish chamber comprises a shell, wherein a fracture structure is arranged in the shell and comprises two fixed contacts arranged at intervals and a moving contact matched with the fixed contacts, and the moving contact is a double-end contact capable of being synchronously separated from and combined with the two fixed contacts through movement.

The technical scheme adopted by the breaking device is as follows: the switching-on and switching-off device comprises an operating mechanism and an arc extinguish chamber connected with the operating mechanism, the arc extinguish chamber comprises a shell, a fracture structure is arranged in the shell, the fracture structure comprises two fixed contacts arranged at intervals and a movable contact matched with the fixed contacts, and the movable contact is a double-end contact capable of being synchronously switched on and off with the two fixed contacts through movement.

The invention has the advantages that the fracture structure is taken as a representative, and the invention has the following beneficial effects: in the using process, two switching points can be synchronously generated through the action of one moving contact, so that the number of the switching points is increased, electric arcs generated in switching on and off can be quickly extinguished, the normal use of a moving contact and a fixed contact is not influenced, under the condition of the same switching performance, the invention can abandon auxiliary arc extinguishing mechanisms such as a nozzle and the like in the prior art while ensuring excellent switching capacity, when the invention is applied to an arc extinguishing chamber, the structure of the whole arc extinguishing chamber can be greatly simplified, the volume is reduced, the quality is lightened, particularly, functional components needing to be driven only comprise the moving contact, compared with a large pile of parts such as a pressure cylinder, the nozzle, a moving contact and the like in the prior art, the consumed operation functions can be greatly reduced, the requirements on an operating mechanism can be correspondingly reduced, and the cost investment of the arc extinguishing chamber and the operating mechanism can be reduced, meanwhile, the structure is simple, the weight is light, and the speed of opening and closing the mechanism can be greatly improved, so that the opening performance of the opening and closing device is further optimized, and the device is economical and practical.

Furthermore, under the condition that the moving contact adopts a direct-acting contact, the movement of the moving contact is easier to realize and control and is more stable; the two ends of the moving contact and the two fixed contacts are arranged along the first straight line, so that the volume of an arc extinguish chamber (when the moving contact is used in the arc extinguish chamber, the arc extinguish chamber can be an isolating switch, a load switch and the like) can be reduced to the greatest extent, and the miniaturization of the moving contact is realized; the elastic opening and closing port can ensure the reliability of the movable contact and the static contact after switching on; because the structure of the elastic opening and closing port equivalent to the female port is necessarily relatively complex, under the condition that the elastic opening and closing port is arranged on the static contact, the structure of a moving part, namely a moving contact, can be simplified to the maximum extent, the weight of the moving contact is reduced, and the moving contact is also designed to be a hollow contact or a tubular contact so as to reduce the weight of the moving contact.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an arc extinguishing chamber in an embodiment of a breaking device of the present invention when closing;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the arc extinguish chamber in FIG. 1 during opening;

fig. 3 is a bottom view of the arc chute of fig. 1.

In the figure: 1. a housing; 2. a left wiring board; 3. a right wiring board; 4. a left stationary contact; 5. a right stationary contact base; 6. a left lobe-shaped finger; 7. a right lobe-shaped finger; 8. a moving contact; 9. an insulating pull rod; 10. and (4) heat dissipation holes.

Detailed Description

One embodiment of the breaking device is shown in fig. 1 to 3, and includes an operating mechanism (not shown in the figures) and an arc extinguish chamber connected to the operating mechanism, where the arc extinguish chamber includes a housing 1, a left terminal board 2 and a right terminal board 3 are respectively disposed at left and right ends of the housing 1, and two stationary contacts are disposed in the housing 1 at intervals (in other embodiments, the stationary contacts may be vertically disposed or may be vertically disposed, if necessary). The left static contact comprises a left static contact seat 4 connected with the left wiring board 2 and a left petal-shaped contact finger 6 fixed at the right end of the left static contact seat 4, the left petal-shaped contact finger 6 can be actually considered as a C-shaped contact finger in shape, a cut is formed in the traditional petal-shaped contact finger, due to the elastic characteristic of the petal-shaped contact finger, the cut opening forms an elastic opening, and the elastic opening provides a path for the moving contact to enter. The right static contact comprises a right static contact seat 5 connected with the right wiring board 3 and a right petal-shaped contact finger 7 fixed at the left end part of the right static contact seat 5. The right lobe-shaped finger is not described in too much here, since it has the same structure as the left lobe-shaped finger 6. However, as can be seen from fig. 1, 2 and 3, the distribution of the left-side stationary contact and the right-side stationary contact is substantially regular, and in this embodiment, the left-side stationary contact and the right-side stationary contact are distributed on a straight line, which is referred to as a first straight line, in addition to being distributed along the first direction. Left stationary contact 4 and right stationary contact 5 are coaxial setting and all are the tubulose, have all seted up louvre 10 on left stationary contact 4 and right stationary contact 5.

And a certain electrical interval is formed between the left petal-shaped contact finger 6 and the right petal-shaped contact finger 7 so as to ensure that the left static contact and the right static contact are in a natural insulation state when the brake is switched off. Because the left stationary contact seat 4 and the right stationary contact seat 5 are coaxially (i.e. along a first straight line), the left petal-shaped contact finger 6 and the right petal-shaped contact finger 7 are also coaxial naturally, the fixed end of one end of the left petal-shaped contact finger is fixed on the stationary contact seat, and the opening of the other end of the left petal-shaped contact finger is opposite.

A moving contact 8 is arranged right below the middle of the interval between the two fixed contacts, an insulating pull rod 9 connected with the operating mechanism is connected to the moving contact 8, the moving contact is a direct-acting contact, the reciprocating direction of the moving contact is set to be the second direction, it can be known that the second direction is perpendicular to the arrangement direction (i.e. the first direction) of the two fixed contacts in the embodiment, and the moving contact 8 is driven by the insulating pull rod 9 to move up and down under the action of the operating mechanism.

The outer surface of the moving contact 8 is cylindrical, the moving contact 8 has contact portions respectively in contact fit with the two fixed contacts, which may also be referred to as a split-joint head, so that a double-ended contact is actually formed, that is, both ends form split-joint ends, in this embodiment, a gap for inserting the contact portion of the moving contact 8 into the circumference of 1/4, that is, the above-mentioned elastic split-joint port, is formed on the outer circumference right below the left petal-shaped contact finger 6 and the right petal-shaped contact finger 7, in this embodiment, which is actually a notch, when the switch is switched on, the moving contact 8 moves upward, and just inserts into the inner holes of the left petal-shaped contact finger 6 and the right petal-shaped contact finger 7 from the gap, so as to be in contact fit with the two fixed contacts, and switch on the circuit where the two fixed contacts are located, and at this time, the axis coincides with the axes.

As mentioned above, due to the structural characteristics of the petal-shaped contact fingers, the notches formed in the petal-shaped contact fingers are elastic, and are easily deformed under the action of external force of the moving contact 8, so that the moving contact 8 is extruded into the inner holes of the left petal-shaped contact finger 6 and the right petal-shaped contact finger 7, and after the moving contact 8 is inserted, the notches can automatically recover and clamp the moving contact 8.

After the moving contact 8 is inserted, the length of the two embedded petal-shaped contact fingers is half of the height of the petal-shaped contact fingers, and the setting is that if the length of the two embedded petal-shaped contact fingers of the moving contact 8 is too much, the gap is deformed greatly to be inserted into the moving contact, so that the intensity of the petal-shaped contact fingers and the operation power of the operating mechanism have higher requirements, and once the configuration is improper, the damage to the petal-shaped contact fingers and the situation that the moving contact cannot be inserted into the gap can occur. When the length of the moving contact 8 embedded into the two petal-shaped contact fingers is too small, the contact area of the moving contact 8 with the left petal-shaped contact finger 6 and the right petal-shaped contact finger 7 is too small, so that the contact resistance is increased, the contact is heated, and the service life is influenced. Therefore, the length of the moving contact 8 embedded into the two petal-shaped contact fingers is half of the height of the petal-shaped contact fingers, so that the moving contact 8 can be ensured to be smoothly inserted to realize switching on, the requirements on the strength and the operation function of the petal-shaped contact fingers are reduced, the contact resistance can be reduced, and the service life is prolonged.

The contact finger 6 of the left lobe shape and the contact finger 7 of the right lobe shape are provided with 1/4 circumferential notches, so that the contact 8 is difficult to insert if the notches are too small, and the switching-on failure is caused. And when the breach was too big, the lamella shape touches the finger and can decline to the power of cramping of moving contact 8, and moving contact 8 and the area of contact of left lamella shape touch finger 6 and right lamella shape touch finger 7 can reduce to influence the effect of closing a floodgate and can increase contact resistance. Therefore, the gap is set to be 1/4 circumference, which can ensure that the gap can be inserted by the moving contact 8 through proper deformation to realize switch-on, and can also ensure the contact area and the tightening force between the left petal-shaped contact finger 6 and the moving contact 8 and between the right petal-shaped contact finger 7 and the moving contact 8, reduce the contact resistance and ensure the switch-on effect. Of course, in order to ensure the gripping force and a certain contact area of the flap-shaped contact finger, the gap must be smaller than 1/2 circumference, otherwise the use of the flap-shaped contact finger loses its meaning.

The working principle of the cut-off device is as follows: during switching on, under the action of an operating mechanism, the insulating pull rod 9 drives the moving contact 8 to vertically move upwards, the moving contact 8 is inserted into inner holes of the left petal-shaped contact finger 6 and the right petal-shaped contact finger 7 through the gap, and a circuit where the two static contacts are located is conducted, so that switching on is realized; during opening, the insulating pull rod 9 drives the moving contact 8 to vertically move downwards, the moving contact 8 exits from the left petal-shaped contact finger 6 and the right petal-shaped contact finger 7 through the gap, the circuit is disconnected, and opening is completed.

The switching-on and switching-off device can be used for arc extinction without gas blowing, sulfur hexafluoride gas can be filled into an arc extinction chamber to serve as an insulating arc extinction medium, and a vacuumizing arc extinction mode can also be adopted. Because only the moving contact, the petal shape touches the finger, stationary contact seat and insulating pull rod in the explosion chamber, the structure of whole explosion chamber is simplified greatly, therefore small, the quality is light, especially moving part only includes moving contact and insulating pull rod, compare a pile of spare parts such as pneumatic cylinder among the prior art, the spout, moving contact seat, insulating pull rod only need drive the moving contact motion can, consequently, the operating power of required consumption just reduces greatly, the requirement to operating mechanism has just also reduced, thereby can reduce the cost input of explosion chamber and operating mechanism, simultaneously because simple structure, the quality is light, the speed of divide-shut brake also can promote greatly, make the breaking performance of breaking device than higher, not only economy but also practicality.

The switching points are two in the switching device, so that the number of the switching points is increased, electric arcs generated during switching off can be extinguished quickly, normal use of the moving contact and the static contact is not affected, excellent switching-off capability is guaranteed, the structure is simplified, and light weight and miniaturization of products are realized.

In other embodiments of the cut-off device: the length of the movable contact embedded into the two petal-shaped contact fingers after the movable contact is inserted into the petal-shaped contact fingers can be not half of the height of the petal-shaped contact fingers, and for example, the movable contact can be slightly larger or smaller; the contact finger is fixed on the static contact seat and can be not a petal-shaped contact finger, for example, the contact finger can be a conductive sleeve with a notch and an elastic notch; the moving contact may not be cylindrical, for example, the cross section of the moving contact is octagonal or dodecagonal, and at this time, the inner hole of the static contact is also octagonal or dodecagonal correspondingly; the gap can also be larger than 1/4 circumference of the static contact and smaller than 1/2 circumference to ensure a certain clamping force; the gap can also be larger than 1/2 circumference of the static contact, at this time, the gap does not need to have elasticity, and after the moving contact is contacted with the static contact, the moving contact can be closely contacted with the static contact by the pushing force of the insulating pull rod; the moving contact can also be arranged on the front side or the rear side of the interval formed by the two fixed contacts; a gap can be arranged on the moving contact, and when the moving contact moves upwards, the two fixed contacts are squeezed into the gap and the circuit is conducted; the moving contact or the static contact can be provided with no gap, and the moving contact can be only inserted into the middle of the two static contacts and is in contact fit with the static contacts at the moment, so that the circuit is conducted. In addition, the two static contacts and the two ends of the moving contact are not required to be arranged along a first straight line, for example, when the two static contacts are spaced in parallel and are arranged in an axially staggered manner, the distribution direction of the two ends of the moving contact can be perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the two static contacts, and at the moment, a Z-shaped structure is formed among the two static contacts and the moving contact. The moving contact can move in a linear reciprocating manner and also can swing, and the moving contact can be synchronously switched on and off with two fixed contacts like a common switch blade in life.

The embodiment of the arc-extinguishing chamber of the invention is shown in fig. 1-3, and the specific structure of the arc-extinguishing chamber is the same as that of the embodiment of the breaking device, and is not described again here.

The embodiment of the fracture structure of the present invention is also shown in fig. 1 to 3, and the specific structure of the fracture structure is the same as the fracture structure included in the arc extinguishing chamber of the breaking device, and is not described herein again.

Claims

1. The breaking and opening device comprises an operating mechanism and an arc extinguish chamber connected with the operating mechanism, wherein the arc extinguish chamber comprises a shell, and a fracture structure is arranged in the shell, and the breaking and opening device is characterized in that the fracture structure comprises two fixed contacts arranged at intervals and a movable contact matched with the fixed contacts, the movable contact is a double-end contact capable of synchronously opening and closing with the two fixed contacts through motion, the two fixed contacts are arranged at intervals along a first direction, the movable contact is a direct-acting contact capable of reciprocating along a second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, two ends of the movable contact are arranged along a first straight line during closing, the two fixed contacts are also arranged along the first straight line, an opening and closing end of the fixed contact is provided with an elastic opening and closing port, an opening and closing end of the movable contact is provided with an opening and closing head matched with the elastic opening and closing port for conducting electricity, the outer surface of the movable contact is cylindrical, and the opening and closing head of the movable contact is inserted And the elastic opening and closing port is formed by an opening of a C-shaped contact finger, the C-shaped contact finger is formed by cutting on the peripheral surface of the sleeve type contact finger, and the size of the opening in the peripheral direction of the sleeve type contact finger is smaller than the 1/2 circumference of the sleeve type contact finger where the opening is located and is larger than or equal to the 1/4 circumference of the sleeve type contact finger where the opening is located.

2. A breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that said movable contact is a hollow contact or a tubular contact.