CN109945805A - A high-precision angle sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-precision angle sensor, comprising a laser for emitting a laser beam, and the laser beam is incident on a reflective part; the reflective part is used for fixing a measured object, the reflective part is rotatable and Several reflective surfaces are arranged along the circumferential direction, each of which is used to reflect the laser beam; a concave lens is used to receive the laser beam reflected by the reflective surface and refract the laser beam; a photodetector is used for It is used to receive the light beam refracted by the concave lens and measure its incident position; the processing system is specifically used to process the rotation angle value of the measured object according to the change value of the incident position of the light beam received on the photodetector. The laser beam is refracted by the concave lens, and the small angle change can be enlarged into a large angle change, so as to further enlarge the rotation angle. Therefore, the above-mentioned angle sensor can further increase the magnification, thereby improving the measurement accuracy.

Description

A high-precision angle sensor

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of measurement, in particular to a high-precision angle sensor.

Background technique

Angle sensor is a commonly used geometric quantity sensor, which is widely used in many fields such as aerospace, industrial production, machinery manufacturing and military science. However, the existing angle sensors still have limited magnification, poor applicability to special applications, or low measurement accuracy. For example, the application number is 201510276408.6, and the angle sensor provided in "A Novel Optical Arm Amplified High-precision Angle Sensor and Measurement Method" has a low magnification and the measurement accuracy needs to be further improved.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to improve the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a high-precision angle sensor.

In order to achieve the above purpose of the invention, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

A high-precision angle sensor, comprising a laser, the laser is used for emitting a laser beam, and the laser beam is incident on a reflective member;

the reflective component is used to fix the object to be measured, the reflective component is rotatable and is provided with several reflective surfaces along the circumferential direction, each of the reflective surfaces is used to reflect the laser beam;

a concave lens for receiving the laser beam reflected by the reflective surface and refracts the laser beam;

A photodetector for receiving the light beam refracted by the concave lens and measuring its incident position;

The processing system is specifically configured to process and obtain the rotation angle value of the measured object according to the change value of the incident position of the light beam received on the photodetector. The laser beam is refracted by the concave lens, and the small angle change can be magnified into the large angle change, so as to realize the further magnification of the rotation angle. Therefore, the above-mentioned angle sensor can further increase the magnification, thereby improving the measurement accuracy.

In a further solution, a second convex lens is also included, the second convex lens is disposed between the concave lens and the photodetector, and the light beam emitted from the concave lens passes through the second convex lens and enters the photodetector approximately in parallel. The second convex lens is added to reduce the variation range of the incident angle of the laser incident photodetector during the angle measurement process and improve the measurement accuracy.

In a further solution, the concave lens is replaced by a convex lens one, and the distance between the photodetector and the convex lens one is greater than twice the focal length distance of the convex lens one. The refraction of the convex lens is used to further enlarge the rotation angle, so the above-mentioned angle sensor can further increase the magnification, thereby improving the measurement accuracy.

In a further solution, the laser, the concave lens and the photodetector form a detection head, the number of the detection heads is multiple, and the positional relationship of the multiple detection heads satisfies: at least one photodetector in the detection head can The beam before and after the rotation is received.

In a further solution, the laser, the second convex lens, the concave lens and the photodetector form a detector head, the number of the detector heads is multiple, and the positional relationship of the plurality of detector heads satisfies: there is at least one photoelectric detector in the detector head. The detector can receive the beam before and after the rotation.

In a further solution, a second convex lens is also included, the second convex lens is disposed between the first convex lens and the photodetector, the light beam emitted from the first convex lens passes through the second convex lens and is approximately parallel to the photodetector, and the second convex lens is incident on the photodetector. The distance between the second and the convex lens one is greater than twice the focal length of the convex lens one.

In a further solution, the laser, the first convex lens and the photodetector form a detector head, the number of the detector heads is multiple, and the positional relationship of the plurality of detector heads satisfies: there is at least one photodetector in the detector head The beam before and after rotation can be received.

In a further solution, the laser, the first convex lens, and the second convex lens photodetector form a detection head, the number of the detection heads is multiple, and the positional relationship of the multiple detection heads satisfies: at least one photoelectric detector in the detection head The detector can receive the beam before and after the rotation.

In a further solution, all the reflective surfaces on the reflective component have the same shape and size.

In a further solution, the reflective component is a regular polygonal column, and each side surface of the regular polygonal column is the reflective surface.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention:

1. The laser beam is refracted by the concave lens, and the small angle change can be enlarged into a large angle change, so as to further enlarge the rotation angle. Therefore, the above-mentioned angle sensor can further increase the magnification, thereby improving the measurement accuracy.

2. Through the second convex lens, the laser beam is incident on the photodetector in an approximately parallel manner, reducing the variation range of the incident angle of the laser incident photodetector during the angle measurement process, and improving the measurement accuracy.

3. Continuous measurement is achieved through multiple sets of probes.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore do not It should be regarded as a limitation of the scope, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-precision angle sensor provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another high-precision angle sensor provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another high-precision angle sensor provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another high-precision angle sensor provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of the marks in the figure

Laser 1, laser beam 2, reflecting member 3, reflecting surface 4, photodetector 5, concave lens 6, convex lens one 7, convex lens two 8.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention generally described and illustrated in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, this embodiment schematically discloses a high-precision (specifically, higher measurement accuracy than the angle sensor described in the background art) angle sensor, including a laser 1, a concave lens 6, a photodetector The reflector 5, the reflective part 3, the reflective part 3 is used to fix the object to be measured, and the reflective part 3 is rotatable and is provided with several reflective surfaces 4 along the circumferential direction. In the present high-precision angle sensor: the laser 1 emits the laser beam 2, the laser beam 2 is incident on any reflecting surface 4 in the reflecting member 3, and the reflecting surface 4 reflects the laser beam 2. The concave lens 6 receives the laser beam 2 reflected by the reflection surface 4 and refracts the laser beam 2 . The photodetector 5 receives the light beam refracted by the concave lens 6 and measures its incident position. The processing system obtains the rotation angle value of the measured object according to the change value of the incident position of the light beam received on the photodetector 5 .

As shown in Fig. 1, the reflective part 3, the reflective surface 4, and the laser beam 2 before the rotating operation are represented by solid lines, and the reflective part 3, the reflective surface 4, and the laser beam 2 after the rotating operation are represented by dashed lines, and the transmission of the laser beam 2 is represented by a dotted line. The path and the movement path of the reflective component 3 and the reflective surface 4 are as follows:

Before the rotation, the laser 1 emits the laser beam 2, and the laser beam 2 is incident on one of the reflecting surfaces 4 of the reflective component. The reflecting surface 4 reflects the laser beam 2 to the concave lens 6. The concave lens 6 refracts the laser beam 2, and the refracted beam Incident to the photodetector 5, the photodetector 5 receives the laser beam 2 transmitted after being refracted by the concave lens 6, and measures its incident position. At this time, it is recorded here as the first incident position.

After the rotation, the laser 1 emits the laser beam 2, and the laser beam 2 is incident on one of the reflecting surfaces 4 of the reflective component. The reflecting surface 4 reflects the laser beam 2 to the concave lens 6. The concave lens 6 refracts the laser beam 2, and the refracted beam Incident to the photodetector 5, the photodetector 5 receives the laser beam 2 transmitted after being refracted by the concave lens 6, and measures its incident position. At this time, it is recorded here as the second incident position.

The processing system processes and obtains the rotation angle value of the object to be measured on the reflective member according to the variation of the first incident position and the second incident position.

And in order to realize the continuous measurement of the rotation angle, in this embodiment, a laser 1, a concave lens 6, and a photodetector 5 constitute a probe, and as shown in FIG. 1, the number of probes in this solution is two. Through the two detectors, during the rotation of the object to be measured, when the photodetector in one of the detectors cannot receive the light beam, it switches to the other detector to receive it, so it can reliably ensure continuous angle measurement and enhance the angle sensor’s performance. practicality. In order to ensure that when the photodetector in one of the detection heads cannot receive the light beam, the other detection head can receive the light beam. The specific implementation is as follows: the laser beam 2 emitted by the laser 1 in the two detection heads is incident on the reflective member 3 difference.

As shown in FIG. 2 , in another embodiment, on the basis of the structure shown in FIG. 1 , the detector head in the high-precision angle sensor further includes a second convex lens 8 , and the second convex lens 8 is arranged between the concave lens 6 and the photodetector 5 . between.

The optical transmission process in this scheme is as follows:

Before the rotation, the laser 1 emits the laser beam 2, the laser beam 2 is incident on the reflective surface 4 on the reflective member 3, the reflective surface 4 reflects the laser beam 2, reflects the laser beam 2 to the concave lens 6, and the concave lens 6 receives the reflected The laser beam reflected by the surface 4 and the laser beam 2 are refracted. The second convex lens 8 receives the laser beam refracted by the concave lens 6 , and makes the laser beam 2 refracted again and then enters the photodetector 5 . At this time, it is recorded here as the first incident position.

After the rotation, the laser 1 emits a laser beam 2, and the laser beam 2 is incident on the reflective surface 4 on the reflective part 3. The reflective surface 4 reflects the laser beam 2 and reflects the laser beam 2 to the concave lens 6, and the concave lens 6 receives the The laser beam reflected by the reflective surface 4 refracts the laser beam. The second convex lens 8 receives the laser beam 2 refracted by the concave lens 6 , and makes the laser beam 2 refracted again and then enters the photodetector 5 . At this time, it is recorded here as the second incident position.

At this time, the processing system processes and obtains the rotation angle value of the object to be measured on the reflective member 3 according to the amount of change between the first incident position and the second incident position. With reference to FIG. 2 , it is easy to understand that, compared with the solution shown in FIG. 1 , this solution uses the convex lens 2 8 , so that the laser beam 2 incident on the photodetector 5 before the rotating action is similar to the laser beam 2 incident on the photodetector after the rotating action. Parallel to avoid the influence on the position measurement accuracy due to the excessive change of the laser incident angle of the photodetector, the measurement accuracy of the photodetector is guaranteed.

As shown in FIG. 3 , in another embodiment, on the basis of the structure shown in FIG. 1 , the concave lens 6 in FIG. 1 is replaced by a convex lens 7 . The laser beam 2 emitted by the laser beam 2 is incident on the reflecting surface 4 on the reflecting member 3 , and the reflecting surface 4 reflects the laser beam 2 to the convex lens 1 7 . The convex lens-7 refracts the laser beam. 3 , it is easy to understand that before and after the rotating action, the optical path of the laser beam 2 refracted by the convex lens 1 7 intersects with the focal point of the convex lens 1 7 and enters the photodetector 5 in a staggered manner. In order to further enlarge the measurement distance of the photodetector 5 , that is, to further improve the angle measurement accuracy of the reflective member 3 , the distance between the photodetector 5 and the convex lens 1 7 is greater than twice the focal length of the convex lens 1 7 .

As shown in FIG. 4 , in another embodiment, based on the structure shown in FIG. 3 , the detector head in the high-precision angle sensor further includes a second convex lens 8 , and the second convex lens 8 is arranged between the first convex lens 7 and the photodetector 5 between.

In this embodiment, the optical path transmission process is as follows:

Before the rotation, the laser 1 emits the laser beam 2, and the laser beam 2 is incident on the reflective surface 4 on the reflective member 3. The reflective surface 4 reflects the laser beam 2 and reflects the laser beam 2 to the convex lens 1 7, and the convex lens 1 7 receives it. The laser beam 2 is reflected by the reflection surface 4, and the laser beam 2 is refracted. The laser beam transmitted by the first convex lens 7 enters the second convex lens 8 , and the second convex lens 8 causes the second refraction of the laser beam 2 to be incident on the photodetector 5 . At this time, it is recorded here as the first incident position.

After the rotation, the laser 1 emits the laser beam 2, the laser beam 2 is incident on the reflective surface 4 on the reflective member 3, the reflective surface 4 reflects the laser beam 2, reflects the laser beam 2 to the convex lens 1 7, and the convex lens 1 7 receives it. The laser beam 2 is reflected by the reflection surface 4, and the laser beam 2 is refracted. The laser beam transmitted by the first convex lens 7 enters the second convex lens 8 , and the second convex lens 8 causes the second refraction of the laser beam 2 to be incident on the photodetector 5 . At this time, it is recorded here as the second incident position. And as shown in FIG. 4 , the laser beam incident on the photodetector after the rotating motion is approximately parallel to the laser beam incident on the photodetector before the rotating motion.

The processing system processes and obtains the rotation angle value of the object to be measured on the reflective member according to the variation of the first incident position and the second incident position.

In this embodiment, the laser beam emitted by the laser 1 is refracted for the first time by the convex lens 1 , and as shown in FIG. 4 , the distance between the convex lens 2 8 and the convex lens 1 7 is greater than twice the focal length of the convex lens 1 , so that the measurement distance of the photodetector 5 is further amplified, that is, the angle measurement accuracy of the reflective member 3 is further improved. The second convex lens 8 makes the laser beam 2 incident on the photodetector 5 before the rotating action to be approximately parallel to the laser beam 2 incident on the photodetector 5 after the rotating action, so as to avoid the impact on the angle measurement accuracy due to the excessive change of the laser incident angle of the photodetector 5. Influence, to ensure the measurement accuracy of the photodetector.

In the above angle sensors with different structures, all the reflecting surfaces on the reflecting member have the same shape and size. As a specific embodiment, the reflective component is a regular polygonal column, and each side surface of the regular polygonal column is a reflective surface. All the reflecting surfaces on the reflecting component have the same shape and size, so that the ratio of the incident distance of the light beam to the angle change measured on the photodetector remains unchanged during the rotation.

And in the above-mentioned angle sensors of different structures, continuous measurement is realized by using two probe heads, but it is easy to understand that in the case of ensuring continuous measurement, the number of probe heads is not limited, and it can also be three. Four or more.

The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention. should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of high-precision angle sensor, which is characterized in that including laser, the laser for emitting laser beams, institute It states laser beam and is incident to reflection component；

The reflection component, for fixing testee, the reflection component is rotatable and circumferentially arranged with several reflections Face, each reflecting surface is for reflecting the laser beam；

Concavees lens for receiving the laser beam of the reflective surface, and reflect laser beam；

Photodetector for receiving the light beam after concavees lens reflect, and measures its incoming position；

Processing system, specifically for the incoming position changing value according to light beam received on the photodetector, processing Obtain the rotation angle value of testee.

2. high-precision angle sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include convex lens two, the convex lens Mirror two is set between the concavees lens and photodetector, is entered from less parallel after the light beam planoconvex lens two that concavees lens project It is incident upon the photodetector.

3. high-precision angle sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that a concavees lens convex lens generation It replaces, and the distance between photodetector and convex lens one are greater than the focal distance of twice of convex lens one.

4. high-precision angle sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the laser, concavees lens and photoelectricity Detector forms detecting head, and the quantity of the detecting head is multiple, and the positional relationship of multiple detecting heads meets: at least one Photodetector in detecting head can receive the light beam of rotation front and back.

5. high-precision angle sensor according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the laser, convex lens two, recessed Mirror and photodetector form detecting head, and the quantity of the detecting head is multiple, and the positional relationship of multiple detecting heads meets: extremely Photodetector in a rare detecting head can receive the light beam of rotation front and back.

6. high-precision angle sensor according to claim 3, which is characterized in that further include convex lens two, the convex lens Mirror two is set between the convex lens one and photodetector, approximate flat after the light beam planoconvex lens two that convex lens one projects Row is incident to the photodetector, and the distance between convex lens two and convex lens one greater than twice of convex lens one focal length away from From.

7. high-precision angle sensor according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the laser, convex lens one and light Electric explorer forms detecting head, and the quantity of the detecting head is multiple, and the positional relationship of multiple detecting heads meets: at least one Photodetector in a detecting head can receive the light beam of rotation front and back.

8. high-precision angle sensor according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the laser, convex lens one, convex lens Two photodetector of mirror forms detecting head, and the quantity of the detecting head is multiple, and the positional relationship of multiple detecting heads meets: extremely Photodetector in a rare detecting head can receive the light beam of rotation front and back.

9. high-precision angle sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in the whole on the reflection component Reflector shape size is identical.

10. high-precision angle sensor according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the reflection component is regular polygon Column, each side of the regular polygon column are the reflecting surface.