CN109945709A - A high pressure packed bed heat storage/cooling device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of high pressure packed bed accumulation of heat/device for cooling, including at least two high pressure packed beds and an often/low pressure storage silo, one end of each high pressure packed bed is equipped with a high pressure fluid entrances and an accumulation of heat/cold material entrance, the other end is equipped with a high pressure fluid output and an accumulation of heat/cold material outlet, often/low pressure storage silo is equipped with multiple material inlets and a material outlet, and accumulation of heat/cold material outlet of each high pressure packed bed is connected with each material inlet of often/low pressure storage silo respectively.The present invention combines high pressure packed bed group with often/low pressure storage silo, realize high pressure saturation accumulation of heat/cold material it is normal/low pressure storage, by repeatedly shifting and injecting accumulation of heat/cold material, accumulation of heat/cold material quantity, size and type are variable, it can continuously be exchanged heat to high-pressure fluid using the high pressure packed bed of smaller size smaller, it realizes that extensive high pressure stores hot/cold, has many advantages, such as simple and safe, flexible and efficient.

Description

A high pressure packed bed heat storage/cooling device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of heat/cold energy storage of high-pressure fluids, in particular to a high-pressure packed bed heat/cold storage device.

Background technique

In recent years, with the increasing energy demand and the increasingly depleted primary energy, the vigorous development of solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy and other renewable energy sources has become the only way for sustainable social and economic development. In view of the intermittent, random and unstable characteristics of renewable energy, energy storage technology can effectively solve a series of problems in its utilization. As one of the most promising large-scale energy storage technologies, compressed air energy storage can achieve the functions of "peak shaving and valley filling" and balance power load, while the storage and utilization of compression heat is an important factor limiting the efficiency of compressed air energy storage systems. one of the factors.

Thermal storage technology is an important technology to improve energy utilization efficiency, which can effectively improve the energy density and system efficiency of compressed air energy storage systems. The main methods of heat storage include sensible heat storage, latent heat storage and chemical reaction heat storage. Among them, sensible heat storage is simple, efficient, and low-cost, and is often used in large-scale energy storage systems. As the most common sensible heat storage method, packed bed has the advantages of large heat transfer area per unit bed volume, good heat transfer performance, safety and reliability, etc., and is often used as the first choice for heat storage/cooling device in compressed air energy storage systems.

However, when the compressed air that needs heat storage/cooling in the compressed air energy storage system is in a supercritical state, its supercritical pressure characteristics put forward higher requirements for the heat storage/cooling device, and with the supercritical compressed air energy storage The scale of the system continues to expand, and the amount of compression heat and cooling that needs to be stored increases, and the scale and capacity of the high-pressure heat storage/cooling device matched with it increases accordingly, which greatly increases the difficulty and cost of high-pressure heat storage/cooling, and also increases the safety of the device. hidden danger. At the same time, the number of heat storage/cooling materials filled in the conventional heat storage/cold packed bed is limited, the type is fixed and single, and cannot be replaced. When the heat storage/cold material reaches a saturated heat storage/cold state, the heat storage/cooling process stops. Therefore, the conventional packed bed heat storage/cooling is limited by the volume of the packed bed and the amount of heat storage/cooling materials, and it is difficult to continuously and efficiently perform large-scale heat storage/cooling.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the problems of high cost and small capacity of conventional high-pressure heat storage/cooling devices, the present invention provides a high-pressure packed bed heat storage/cooling device, which utilizes a small-volume high-pressure packed bed group through multiple transfers and injections for heat storage/cooling. Large-scale heat storage/cooling of high-pressure heat exchange fluids by means of cold materials, thereby reducing the cost of high-pressure devices and the risk of high-pressure heat exchange, and improving high-pressure heat storage/cooling capacity.

For achieving the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is:

A high pressure packed bed heat storage/cooling device, comprising at least two high pressure packed beds and a normal/low pressure storage bin, one end of each high pressure packed bed is provided with a high pressure fluid inlet and a heat storage/cold material inlet, and the other end is provided with a high pressure fluid inlet and a heat storage/cold material inlet. There is a high-pressure fluid outlet and a regenerative/cold material outlet, the normal/low pressure storage bin is provided with multiple material inlets and a material outlet, and the regenerative/cold material outlet of each high-pressure packed bed is respectively connected to the Material import is connected;

The high-pressure packed bed is a high-pressure device, and the normal/low-pressure storage bin is a normal/low-pressure device. The two high-pressure packed beds alternately perform heat storage/cooling, and do not perform material transfer and filling at the same time. When one of the high-pressure packed beds is When the heat storage/cooling reaches saturation and is transferred or injected into the packing material, the other high-pressure packed bed performs heat exchange normally, so as to carry out continuous heat exchange for the high-pressure fluid; through multiple material transfer and filling, the heat exchange in the high-pressure packed bed The process can be carried out continuously, using a relatively small volume of high pressure packed bed to store/cool a large amount of high pressure fluid.

As an improvement of the present invention, a thermal insulation layer with low thermal conductivity is laid on the outside of the high-pressure packed bed and the atmospheric storage bin. Heat exchange with the external environment can be minimized.

As an improvement of the present invention, in the high-pressure packed bed, the type, number, size, stacking method and packing height of the heat storage/cooling material injected each time are variable.

As an improvement of the present invention, the heat storage material includes cobblestone, ceramic ball, metal, concrete and/or encapsulated phase change material.

During operation, the high-pressure fluid flows through the surface of the regenerative/cold material in the high-pressure packed bed for heat exchange. When the regenerative/cold material reaches a saturated state, close the inlet of the high-pressure fluid and open the outlet of the regenerative/cold material to saturate the material. The heat storage/cold material is transferred to the normal/low pressure storage bin. After the transfer, close the heat storage/cold material outlet, open the heat storage/cold material inlet, re-inject the heat storage/cold material into the high-pressure packed bed, and enter the next Heat exchange process; two high-pressure packed beds perform heat storage/cooling alternately, that is, when one of the high-pressure packed beds reaches saturation and transfers or injects heat-storage/cooling materials, the other high-pressure packed bed performs heat storage/cooling normally. cold, so as to ensure continuous heat exchange of the high-pressure fluid.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The invention combines the high-pressure packed bed group with the normal/low pressure storage bin to realize the normal/low pressure storage of the high-pressure saturated heat storage/cold material. The high-pressure fluid can be continuously exchanged for heat by using a small-volume high-pressure packed bed, and large-scale high-pressure heat storage/cooling can be realized. It has the advantages of simplicity, safety, flexibility and high efficiency.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-pressure packed bed heat storage/cooling device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1, a high-pressure packed bed heat storage/cooling device includes two high-pressure packed beds 4 and a normal/low pressure storage bin 10. The upper end of the high-pressure packed bed 4 is provided with a high-pressure fluid inlet 6 and a heat storage /Cold material inlet 1, the lower end is provided with a high pressure fluid outlet 7 and a heat storage/cold material outlet 5, the normal/low pressure storage bin 10 is provided with 2 material inlets 8 and a material outlet 9, 2 heat storage/cold material outlets The outlet 5 is respectively connected with two material inlets 8, and at the same time, the pipes corresponding to the heat storage/cold material inlet 1, the heat storage/cold material outlet 5, the high pressure fluid inlet 6, the high pressure fluid outlet 7 and the material outlet 9 are all provided with valves. 2. The device is also equipped with a control system for controlling the opening and closing of each valve 2.

The high-pressure packed bed 4 is used as a high-pressure heat exchange device. The wall design should be able to withstand higher pressure, and the design pressure is 20MPa. The interior is used to fill the heat storage/cold material 3. Concrete, encapsulated phase change materials, etc., the high-pressure packed bed 4 is provided with a thermal insulation layer 11 composed of thermal insulation materials with low thermal conductivity, so as to reduce the heat dissipation of the high-pressure packed bed 4 to the surrounding environment as much as possible. The normal/low pressure storage bin 10 can be an ordinary container, with no special requirements for the thickness and material of the wall surface, and a large-capacity storage bin can be selected as needed to continuously store the saturated heat storage/cold material 3 from the high-pressure packed bed 4, and increase the high-pressure The heat storage/cooling scale of the fluid. A thermal insulation layer 11 is also laid on the outside of the normal/low pressure storage bin 10 to reduce the heat dissipation loss of the heat storage/cold material 3 stored therein.

The working process of the present invention is described in detail below:

Initially, both high pressure packed beds 4 are already filled with heat storage/cold material 3 .

First, the high-pressure packed bed 4 on the left performs heat storage/cooling, and opens its high-pressure fluid inlet 6 and high-pressure fluid outlet 7. The high-pressure fluid enters the high-pressure packed bed 4 on the left through the high-pressure fluid inlet 6, and stores heat/cooling with the high-pressure fluid inlet 6. The surface of the material 3 is in contact for heat exchange, and after heat exchange, it flows out from the high-pressure fluid outlet 7 at the bottom. When the heat storage/cooling process progresses to a certain extent, when the internal heat storage/cooling material 3 reaches saturation, close its high-pressure fluid inlet 6 and High-pressure fluid outlet 7, simultaneously open the high-pressure fluid inlet 6 and high-pressure fluid outlet 7 of the high-pressure packed bed 4 on the right, the high-pressure packed bed 4 on the right enters the heat storage/cooling process, and the high-pressure packed bed 4 on the left enters the refueling process .

At this time, open the heat storage/cold material outlet 5 of the high-pressure packed bed 4 on the left, transfer the saturated heat storage/cold material 3 to the normal/low pressure storage bin 10 for storage, and close the heat storage/cold material after the transfer is completed. Exit 5, open the heat storage/cold material inlet 1, reload the heat storage/cold material 3, and then close the heat storage/cold material inlet 1 to enter the heat storage/cold standby state. The type, size and quantity of the recharged heat storage/cooling material 3 can be changed as required. When the heat storage/cooling of the high-pressure packed bed 4 on the right is completed, switch to the high-pressure packed bed 4 on the left for heat storage/cooling, and at the same time, the high-pressure packed bed 4 on the right enters the refueling process. Repeat the above operations to ensure the continuity of the entire heat storage/cooling process.

In the device of the present invention, the transfer and loading of the heat storage/cooling materials 3 of the two high-pressure packed beds 4 are carried out at different times. When the high-pressure packed bed 4 on the left performs material transfer and loading, the high-pressure packed bed 4 on the right is normally carried out. Heat storage/cooling, when the high-pressure packed bed 4 on the right performs material transfer and loading, the high-pressure packed bed 4 on the left performs heat storage/cooling normally. When the heat storage/cooling ends, open the material outlet 9 of the normal/low pressure storage bin 10, and transfer the heat storage/cooling material 3 to other required places. In this way, through the combination of two high-pressure packed beds 5 and one low/normal pressure storage bin 10, the normal/low pressure storage of high-pressure saturated heat storage/cold material 3 is realized, and the high-pressure packed bed 4 with a small volume can be used for continuous storage of high-pressure The fluid conducts heat exchange to realize large-scale high-pressure heat storage/cooling.

The above detailed description is a specific description of a feasible embodiment of the present invention, and the embodiment is not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation or modification without departing from the present invention should be included in the patent scope of this case middle.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of high pressure packed bed accumulation of heat/device for cooling, it is characterised in that: normal/low including at least two high pressure packed beds and one Storage silo is pressed, one end of each high pressure packed bed is equipped with a high pressure fluid entrances and an accumulation of heat/cold material entrance, the other end are set There are a high pressure fluid output and an accumulation of heat/cold material outlet, often/low pressure storage silo is equipped with multiple material inlets and an object Accumulation of heat/cold material outlet of material outlet, each high pressure packed bed is connected with each material inlet of often/low pressure storage silo respectively；

The high pressure packed bed is high-pressure installation, and the normal/low pressure storage silo is often/low-voltage device, two high pressure fillings Bed alternately stores hot/cold, does not carry out material transfer and filling simultaneously, reaches full when one of high pressure packed bed stores hot/cold With and shift or injection packing material when, another high pressure packed bed is normally carried out heat exchange, to connect to high-pressure fluid Continuous heat exchange；It shifts and fills by multiple material, heat transfer process can be carried out continuously in the high pressure packed bed, utilize smaller body Long-pending high pressure packed bed can carry out storage hot/cold to a large amount of high-pressure fluids.

2. a kind of high pressure packed bed accumulation of heat/device for cooling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the high pressure filling The insulating layer of low thermal conductivity is laid with outside bed and often/low pressure storage silo.

3. a kind of high pressure packed bed accumulation of heat/device for cooling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the high pressure filling In bed, accumulation of heat/cold material type, number, size, accumulation mode and the packed height injected every time are variable.

4. a kind of high pressure packed bed accumulation of heat/device for cooling according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the heat-storing material Including cobblestone, Ceramic Balls, metal, concrete and/or packaging phase change material.