CN109943350B - Wide-temperature liquid crystal composition and high-frequency assembly comprising same - Google Patents
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N teixobactin Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H]1C(N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C[C@@H]2NC(=N)NC2)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O[C@H]1C)[C@@H](C)CC)=O)NC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 difluorovinyl fluoride diphenylacetylene Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- XOJSMLDMLXWRMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(2-phenylethynyl)benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C#CC1=CC=CC=C1C#CC1=CC=CC=C1 XOJSMLDMLXWRMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004990 Smectic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRXXLCKWQFKACW-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenylacetylene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JRXXLCKWQFKACW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001810 isothiocyanato group Chemical group *N=C=S 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种宽温液晶组合物及包含其的高频组件，液晶组合物包括第一组份、第二组分及第三组分，第一组分如式Ⅰ所示：所述第二组分如式Ⅱ所示：
所述第三组分如式Ⅲ所示：
本发明的有益效果在于混合配制成Δn值在0.4～0.35范围内液晶组合物材料，提高了微波相位调制量，减少了微波波频插损量；采用低熔点液晶组分，降低了液晶组合物的低共凝固点，满足微波器件室外工作要求，这对解决微波器件户外低温工作有利，高温清凉点达到120℃，使用的温度范围广。The present invention provides a wide temperature liquid crystal composition and a high frequency component comprising the same. The liquid crystal composition includes a first component, a second component and a third component, and the first component is shown in formula I: 
The second component is shown in formula II: The third component is shown in formula III: The beneficial effect of the invention is that it is mixed and formulated into a liquid crystal composition material with a Δn value in the range of 0.4 to 0.35, the amount of microwave phase modulation is increased, and the amount of microwave frequency insertion loss is reduced; the use of low-melting liquid crystal components reduces the amount of liquid crystal composition. The low co-freezing point can meet the outdoor working requirements of microwave devices, which is beneficial to solving the outdoor low temperature work of microwave devices.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of liquid crystal materials, and particularly relates to a wide-temperature liquid crystal composition and a high-frequency assembly comprising the same.
Background
The research of the liquid crystal used for the microwave device starts at the end of the 20 th century, develops at a high speed in the early century, particularly gains wide attention all over the world in recent years, and the research of the German Darmstadt university in the field is in the lead of the world, and the research work covers important fields of adjustable filters, reconfigurable antennas, adjustable frequency selectors, adjustable phase shifters and the like.
Although the research on liquid crystal materials for microwave devices has just begun in our country, the german Merck company has been studied for many years and has developed a variety of liquid crystal materials having optical anisotropy, i.e., birefringence greater than 0.3. The delta n value of domestic current products K15 and E7 is less than 0.2, and delta epsilon is at high frequencyrThe value is small, the dielectric loss is large, the LC cell is too thick (d-254 μm), and the response time exceeds 350 ms; recently, GT3-23001 liquid crystal of Merck company is used, the delta n value is about 0.3, delta epsilon r reaches 0.8 under high frequency, the dielectric loss is obviously reduced, and the phase shift amount is increased; in recent years, German Merck company reports that an isothiocyanato-polycyclic aromatic acetylene type high-delta n mixed liquid crystal material has a delta n value of about 0.35-0.38, improves the dielectric property of a microwave device, and still has large dielectric loss. Kowerdziej R. et al in 2018 report the change of optical tunability of a fluorine-containing tolane isothiocyanate-type liquid crystal composition along with temperature in a 6GHz frequency band, and find that the microwave phase tunability (tau) and the dielectric property of the liquid crystal composition along with temperature are not obvious, which indicates that structural units such as isothiocyanato and ethynyl are relatively stable to microwaves, and recently, Lapanik V. et al adopt an isothiocyanato-polyaromatic ring mixed liquid crystal material on the basis of the work of Kowerdziej R, so that the dielectric loss is reduced, the microwave phase shift amount is improved, and the melting point of the liquid crystal material is still above 0 ℃. Hitherto, liquid crystals which can be applied to a very low temperature, have a wide operating temperature range, and are excellent in all aspects have been rare.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a wide temperature range liquid crystal composition and a high frequency device comprising the same.
The specific technical content is as follows:
the wide-temperature liquid crystal composition is characterized by comprising a first component, a second component and a third component, wherein the first component is shown as a formula I:
wherein m is 0 or 1; x1And X2Represents a H atom or a F atom, X3And X4Each independently selected from a H atom or a F atom or a Cl atom;
the second component is represented by formula II:
wherein R is1Is a straight-chain alkyl radical of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, X5、X6、X8And X9Each independently selected from H atom or F atom, X7Represents a H atom, a F atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group, R1Is a straight chain alkyl group of carbon number 1 to 10 or NCS;
the third component is represented by formula III:
wherein R is3Is a straight-chain alkyl group of carbon number 1 to 10, n is 0 or 1; x10、X11、X12And X13Each independently selected from a H atom or a F atom or a Cl atom;
the first component accounts for 8% -60% of the liquid crystal composition.
In the above technical solution, the liquid crystal composition further includes one or two of a fourth component or a fifth component, and the fourth component is represented by formula IV:
wherein R is4And R5Each independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group of a carbon number of 1 to 10;
the fifth component is represented by formula V:
wherein R is6Represents a straight-chain alkyl group having a carbon number of 1 to 10.
In the technical scheme, the compound shown in the formula I is selected from one or more of formula I-1 to formula I-8:
in the technical scheme, the compound shown in the formula II is selected from one or more of the following formulas II-1-II-2:
wherein, X7aRepresents a methyl substituent or a F substituent, R1aIs straight-chain alkane with 2-6 carbon atoms, R2aRepresents straight-chain alkane with 2-6 carbon atoms;
wherein R is1bIs straight-chain alkane with 2-6 carbon atoms, X5bAnd X6bEach independently selected from H atom or F atom, R2bRepresents 2 to 6 carbon atomsLinear alkanes or NCS.
In the above technical solution, the liquid crystal composition comprises:
a first component, a second component and a third component;
or
A first component, a second component, a third component and a fifth component;
or
The first component, the second component, the third component, the fourth component and the fifth component.
A high frequency module comprising the liquid crystal composition.
In the above solution, the high frequency component is a phase shifter operating in the microwave range.
A microwave device comprising the high frequency module as claimed in claim.
The liquid crystal composition is applied to the preparation of high-frequency components.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that (1) the liquid crystal composition material with the delta n value within the range of 0.4-0.35 is prepared by mixing, so that the microwave phase modulation amount is improved, and the microwave frequency insertion loss amount is reduced; (2) the low-eutectic-point liquid crystal component is adopted, so that the low eutectic-point freezing point of the liquid crystal composition is reduced, the eutectic point can reach-45 ℃, the clearing point can reach 120 ℃, the outdoor working requirement of the microwave device can be met, the outdoor low-temperature working of the microwave device is facilitated, and the using temperature range is wide.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples.
The invention relates to the following technical explanations:
the microwave liquid crystal working principle is as follows: the liquid crystal with adjustable phase under the microwave range condition K frequency band (10-40 GHz) needs to meet the requirement of microwave phase tunable performance, and the molecular arrangement direction of molecules continuously rotates phi (y) under the action of an external electric field E, so that the effective extraordinary refractive index n of each layer of liquid crystal moleculeseff(y) and dielectric constant (. epsilon.)r) All of which change with the applied voltage, the dielectric constant of which is proportional to the square of the refractive index, the wave frequency signal being along the applied bias electric fieldThe microwave is propagated in the direction, thereby realizing the continuous adjustable microwave phase.
Dielectric constant (. DELTA.. di-elect cons.) (r): the dielectric constant being divided into the component epsilon parallel to the long axis of the liquid crystalr∥"sum vertical component" epsilonr⊥", the value of dielectric constant is Deltaεr＝εr∥-εr⊥；
Dielectric loss (microwave insertion loss): the quantitative expression of the microwave dielectric loss is physically the tangent value of the dielectric loss (tan. delta. epsilon.)r⊥Or tan delta epsilonrmax) Is a main performance index parameter reflecting the liquid crystal material in a microwave field and generally requires tan delta epsilonr⊥(or tan. delta. epsilon.)rmax) A value of less than or equal to about 0.03 and tan delta epsilonr‖' is less than or equal to 0.005.
Birefringence: the expression method of optical anisotropy of liquid crystal compound and mixed liquid crystal material means that after light passes through the liquid crystal material, the light is refracted and scattered by liquid crystal to form ordinary light and extraordinary light, and the refractive index of the ordinary light represents' no", extraordinary refractive index means" ne", the birefringence is represented by" Δ n ", and" Δ n ═ no-ne", the microwave high frequency device requires the delta n value to be more than or equal to 0.30, and the higher the delta n value is, the more beneficial the microwave phase shift quantity is to be improved.
Phase modulation factor of microwave liquid crystal phase shifter: denoted as tau, reflecting the parameter of the phase modulation capability of the liquid crystal material to the microwave frequency, tau is more than or equal to 0.15 and less than or equal to 0.50.
The "quality factor" (eta, or FOM) of liquid crystal refers to the comprehensive evaluation result of the performance after microwave passes through the liquid crystal, which reflects the performance and quality of the liquid crystal material, and eta is generally required to be more than or equal to 15. "Cr." melting point or solid to liquid crystalline transition temperature of the liquid crystal composition; "Sm." denotes the phase transition temperature of smectic liquid crystals; "N." is the liquid crystal nematic phase transition temperature; "iso." is the clearing point temperature (deg.c) of the phase of the liquid crystal composition;
the dielectric anisotropy in the microwave range is defined as: Δ ε r ≡ (ε)r||-εr⊥)。
Tunability (τ) is defined as: τ ≡ (Δ ε)r/εr||)。
The material quality (η) is defined as: eta.ident (tau/tan delta epsilon)r,max) Wherein the maximum dielectric loss is tan delta epsilonr,max.≡max.{tanδεr⊥:tanδεr||}。
For convenience of expression, in the following examples, the collective structure of the liquid crystal compositions is represented by the codes listed in table 1:
TABLE 1 radical structural code of liquid crystal compounds
The Arabic numerals shown in the codes of the other compounds are the carbon atoms of alkyl chains.
Example one
Synthesis of the first component composition:
wherein m is 0 or 1; x1And X2Represents a H atom or a F atom, X3And X4Each independently selected from a H atom or a F atom or a Cl atom;
example two
Preparation of Compounds of formula II
The preparation of compounds of formula ii is described in the paper: synthesis and property research of fluorine-containing triphenyl diyne liquid crystal compounds [ J ] liquid crystal and display, 2015, 30(5): 769-.
See literature: liu Chongqing, ultra-high birefringence liquid crystal synthesis and its performance research [ D ], Master graduate thesis of Wuhan university of Minghai, 2014
See literature: hsu c.s., Shyu k.f., Chuang y.y.; wu sh.c.; synthesis of synergistic fractured biostorane Liquid Crystals [ J ]. Liquid Crystals,2000,27(2): 283-.
Herman J,Dziaduszek J,DBrowski R,et al.Novel high birefringentisothiocyanates based on quaterphenyl and phenylethynyltolane molecular cores[J].Liquid Crystals,2013,40(9):1174-1182.
EXAMPLE III
Preparation of Compounds of formula III
The preparation method of the compound shown in the formula III is described in the synthesis and performance research [ D ] of difluorovinyl fluoride diphenylacetylene liquid crystals in Huangjiang Tao, Master thesis of Wuhan university of California, 2013;
the synthesis and performance research of Wang Yongli, difluorovinylfluorobenzene acetylene liquid crystal [ D ], Master thesis of Wuhan university of light industry, 2013;
synthesis of nputgfv:
wherein R is3Is a straight chain alkyl group of 1 to 10.
Synthesis of nptUVF
Wherein n is 1-10.
Wherein R is3Is a straight chain alkyl group of 1 to 10.
Example four
The operation method of the electric field adsorption purification and trace ion removal of all components in the liquid crystal composition is disclosed in invention patent CN101760203(2009, Wuhan university of light industry, Rexindong, Zhang Chiongong, etc.).
EXAMPLE five
The first component, the second component and the third component were prepared into a liquid crystal composition a in the weight ratio shown in table 2, and the dielectric properties thereof were tested.
TABLE 2 composition and dielectric Properties of liquid Crystal composition A
EXAMPLE six
The first component, the second component, the third component and the fifth component were prepared into a liquid crystal composition B in the weight ratio shown in table 3, and the dielectric properties thereof were tested.
TABLE 3 composition and dielectric Properties of liquid Crystal composition B
EXAMPLE seven
The first component, the second component, the third component and the fifth component were prepared into a liquid crystal composition C in the weight ratio shown in table 4, and the dielectric properties thereof were tested.
TABLE 4 composition and dielectric Properties of liquid Crystal composition C
Comparative example 1
A liquid crystal composition D was prepared in the weight ratio shown in Table 5, and its dielectric properties were measured.
TABLE 5 liquid crystal composition D composition and dielectric Properties
Comparative example No. two
A liquid crystal composition E was prepared in the weight ratio shown in Table 6, and the dielectric properties thereof were tested.
TABLE 6 composition and dielectric Properties of liquid Crystal composition E
It must be noted that the above-mentioned examples are only some embodiments of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept thereof, and these changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A wide-temperature liquid crystal composition is characterized by comprising a first component, a second component and a third component, wherein the first component is shown as a formula I:
wherein m is 0 or 1; x1And X2Represents a H atom or a F atom, X3And X4Each independently selected from a H atom or a F atom or a Cl atom;
the second component is represented by formula II:
wherein R is1Is a straight-chain alkyl radical of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, X5、X6、X8And X9Each independently selected from H atom or F atom, X7Represents a H atom, a F atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group, R2Is a straight chain alkyl group of carbon number 1 to 10 or NCS;
the third component is represented by formula III:
wherein R is3Is a straight-chain alkyl group of carbon number 1 to 10, n is 0 or 1; x10、X11、X12And X13Each independently selected from a H atom or a F atom or a Cl atom;
the first component accounts for 8-60% of the liquid crystal composition, and the third component accounts for 6-20% of the liquid crystal composition.
2. The wide temperature range liquid crystal composition of claim 1, further comprising one or both of a fourth component, a fifth component, and the fourth component is represented by formula iv:
wherein R is4And R5Each independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group of a carbon number of 1 to 10;
the fifth component is represented by formula V:
wherein R is6Represents a straight-chain alkyl group having a carbon number of 1 to 10.
3. The wide temperature range liquid crystal composition of claim 1, wherein the compound of formula i is selected from one or more of formula i-1 to formula i-8:
4. the wide temperature range liquid crystal composition of claim 1, wherein the compound of formula ii is selected from one or more of formulae ii-1 to ii-2:
wherein, X7aRepresents a methyl substituent or a F substituent, R1aIs straight-chain alkane with 2-6 carbon atoms, R2aRepresents straight-chain alkane with 2-6 carbon atoms;
wherein R is1bIs straight-chain alkane with 2-6 carbon atoms, X5bAnd X6bEach independently selected from H atom or F atom, R2bRepresents a linear alkane having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or NCS.
5. The wide temperature range liquid crystal composition of claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal composition is prepared from: a first component, a second component and a third component.
6. The wide temperature range liquid crystal composition of claim 2, wherein the liquid crystal composition is prepared from:
a first component, a second component, a third component and a fifth component;
or
The first component, the second component, the third component, the fourth component and the fifth component.
7. A high frequency device comprising the liquid crystal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
8. The high-frequency assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that the high-frequency assembly is a phase shifter operating in the microwave range.
9. A microwave device comprising the high-frequency module as claimed in claim 7.
10. Use of a liquid crystal composition comprising the structure of any one of claims 1 to 4 for the preparation of high frequency components.
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