CN109941827A - A drip irrigation belt recycling machine and its operation method - Google Patents
A drip irrigation belt recycling machine and its operation method Download PDFInfo
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- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于农用机械技术领域，涉及一种滴灌带回收机及其操作方法，具体地说，涉及一种新型液压马达与拖拉机液压泵结合的滴灌带回收机及其操作方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and relates to a drip irrigation belt recovery machine and an operation method thereof, in particular to a drip irrigation belt recovery machine combined with a novel hydraulic motor and a tractor hydraulic pump and an operation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
我国西北地区长期以来，干旱缺水严重阻碍该区农业发展。滴灌技术的使用成为该区农业发展的必然趋势。滴管技术通过节水灌溉，可广泛用于大田作物如棉花、小麦、玉米等作物。使用后的滴灌带的回收再利用是降低滴管技术成本、节约资源的重要措施，同时对保护土壤环境也具有积极的意义。大田使用的滴灌带为一次性的只能使用一个作业季，使用过后的滴灌带必须从地里清除走，如果残存在土壤之中将会给耕种以及土壤的理化特性带来影响，影响农作物的生长。目前，滴灌带的回收方为人工和机械回收，人工回收劳动强度大，工作环境差，作业效率低，回收成本高。相比而言，机械回收滴灌带效率高、成本低，而且回收过程省时省力，是解决当前滴灌带回收问题的有效途径。但是目前的机械还很不成熟：需要人工辅助绕带、工作效率低；不能确保滴灌带在卷筒上缠绕的整齐和紧密；滴灌带在卷筒上卷满后拆卸不便，拆卸下的卷筒安装也不方便，工作效率较低不能满足滴灌带回收的实际需要。最关键是针对当地老百姓造价昂贵，真实性价比比较低。因此，设计一种无需人工辅助绕带、作业效率高和作业成本低的滴灌带回收机十分必要。For a long time in Northwest my country, drought and water shortage have seriously hindered the agricultural development in this area. The use of drip irrigation technology has become an inevitable trend of agricultural development in this area. Dropper technology can be widely used in field crops such as cotton, wheat, corn and other crops through water-saving irrigation. The recycling and reuse of the drip irrigation belt after use is an important measure to reduce the cost of drip tube technology and save resources, and it also has a positive significance for protecting the soil environment. The drip irrigation tape used in the field can only be used for one operation season at a time. After use, the drip irrigation tape must be removed from the ground. If it remains in the soil, it will affect the cultivation and the physical and chemical properties of the soil and affect the crops grow. At present, the recycling methods of drip irrigation belts are manual and mechanical recycling. Manual recycling is labor-intensive, the working environment is poor, the operation efficiency is low, and the recycling cost is high. In contrast, mechanical recycling of drip irrigation tapes has high efficiency, low cost, and the recycling process saves time and effort. It is an effective way to solve the current problem of drip irrigation tape recycling. However, the current machinery is still very immature: manual winding is required, and the work efficiency is low; the drip irrigation tape cannot be wound neatly and tightly on the reel; the drip irrigation tape is inconvenient to disassemble after the reel is full, and the disassembled reel Installation is also inconvenient, and the work efficiency is low, which cannot meet the actual needs of drip irrigation belt recycling. The most important thing is that it is expensive for the local people, and the real cost performance is relatively low. Therefore, it is very necessary to design a drip irrigation belt recycling machine that does not require manual assistance to wrap the belt, has high operating efficiency and low operating cost.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于，提供一种节约成本、作业效率高的滴灌带回收机及其操作方法。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a drip irrigation belt recycling machine and an operation method thereof with cost saving and high operation efficiency.
其技术方案如下：Its technical solutions are as follows:
一种滴灌带回收机，包括拖拉机，在所述拖拉机前部固定有支架，所述支架上设有液压马达，所述液压马达油入口和出口用油管连接至拖拉机液压泵油出入口，所述支架上还设有转动轴，所述转动轴上设有缠绕滴灌带部件。A drip irrigation belt recycling machine, including a tractor, a bracket is fixed at the front of the tractor, a hydraulic motor is arranged on the bracket, the oil inlet and outlet of the hydraulic motor are connected to the oil inlet and outlet of the tractor hydraulic pump with oil pipes, and the bracket is A rotating shaft is also provided on the rotating shaft, and a drip irrigation belt part is wound on the rotating shaft.
进一步，所述液压马达与缠绕滴灌带部件上的转动轴之间通过链子相连接。Further, the hydraulic motor is connected with the rotating shaft on the part of the winding drip irrigation tape through a chain.
本发明所述滴灌带回收机的操作方法，包括以下步骤：液压马达油入口和出口用油管连接至拖拉机液压泵油出入口。当拖拉机启动时，拖拉机液压泵会输送油进入液压马达，进入的油再从液压马达出口回流至拖拉机液压泵。当液压马达工作时就会转动转动轴，通过转动轴的工作可以在缠绕滴灌带部件上缠绕我们想要回收的滴灌带。The operation method of the drip irrigation belt recovery machine of the present invention includes the following steps: the hydraulic motor oil inlet and outlet are connected to the tractor hydraulic pump oil inlet and outlet with oil pipes. When the tractor is started, the tractor hydraulic pump will send oil into the hydraulic motor, and the entered oil will flow back from the hydraulic motor outlet to the tractor hydraulic pump. When the hydraulic motor works, the rotating shaft will be rotated, and the drip irrigation tape we want to recycle can be wound on the winding drip irrigation belt part through the work of the rotating shaft.
步骤1、启动拖拉机。当启动动拖拉机时拖拉机的液压油泵会输送一定量的油给镶嵌在拖拉机前部部件的液压马达；Step 1. Start the tractor. When the tractor is started, the hydraulic oil pump of the tractor will deliver a certain amount of oil to the hydraulic motor embedded in the front part of the tractor;
步骤2、液压马达与缠绕滴灌带部件的转动轴用链子相连接，当液压马达齿轮转动时转动轴也会跟着转动。转动速度可以由液压马达转速档来调节。Step 2. The hydraulic motor is connected with the rotating shaft of the winding drip irrigation tape component with a chain. When the hydraulic motor gear rotates, the rotating shaft will also rotate along with it. The rotation speed can be adjusted by the hydraulic motor speed gear.
步骤3、转动轴两旁设有缠绕部件，当转动轴转动时缠绕部件也会跟着转动。通过缠绕部件的转动可以有效的将滴灌带缠绕回收在缠绕部件上。Step 3. There are winding parts on both sides of the rotating shaft, and the winding parts will also rotate when the rotating shaft rotates. The drip irrigation tape can be effectively wound and recovered on the winding member through the rotation of the winding member.
步骤4、拖拉机可以按着田地地形，季节时期，调整把握最恰当的行走速度。这取决于缠绕带的转动速度及地形。滴灌带回收机缠绕部件是按顺时针转动。Step 4. The tractor can adjust and grasp the most appropriate walking speed according to the terrain of the field and the season. This depends on the speed of rotation of the wrap and the terrain. The winding part of the drip irrigation belt recycling machine is rotated clockwise.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1.降低了应用成本，能节省现有回收机10倍的成本。现大多数滴灌回收机价格2万到3万不等，本发明滴灌带回收机成本不到2千元。1. Reduce the application cost and save 10 times the cost of the existing recycling machine. At present, the price of most drip irrigation recycling machines ranges from 20,000 to 30,000 yuan, and the cost of the drip irrigation belt recycling machine of the present invention is less than 2,000 yuan.
2.应用简单，回收滴灌带效率高。本发明能控制轴的转速，从而根据农作物及地形调整最适转速，使回收效率达到最高。2. The application is simple, and the recycling drip irrigation belt has high efficiency. The invention can control the rotational speed of the shaft, so as to adjust the optimum rotational speed according to the crops and the terrain, so as to achieve the highest recovery efficiency.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为拖拉机前部固定有支架；Figure 1 shows that the front part of the tractor is fixed with a bracket;
图2为支架上设有的液压马达及转动轴；Figure 2 is a hydraulic motor and a rotating shaft provided on the bracket;
图3为缠绕滴灌带部件；Fig. 3 is winding drip irrigation tape parts;
图4为整体滴灌回收机结构示意图；Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the overall drip irrigation recycling machine;
图5为滴灌带回收机与拖拉机结合示意图；Fig. 5 is the combination schematic diagram of drip irrigation belt recycling machine and tractor;
图6为液压泵及液压马达工作原理图；Fig. 6 is the working principle diagram of hydraulic pump and hydraulic motor;
图7为滴灌带回收机的局部放大图。Figure 7 is a partial enlarged view of the drip irrigation tape recycling machine.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案作进一步详细地说明。The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
本发明核心技术为由拖拉机液压泵输送给液压马达油源，将液压马达成为连续转动的执行器械，液压马达出来的油又传送给拖拉机液压泵，使其循环利用。这样能够人工控制转速，并根据农场地形达到高回收效率。液压泵和液压马达工作的必需条件：1.必须有一个大小能作周期性变化的封闭容积；2.必须有配流动作：对于液压泵，封闭容积加大时吸入低压油，封闭容积减小时排出高压油。对于液压马达，封闭容积加大时充入高压油，封闭容积减小时排出低压油。3.高低压油不得连通。液压泵和液压马达都是液压传动系统中的能量转换元件。如图1所示：液压泵由原动机驱动，把输入的机械能转换成为油液的压力能，再以压力、流量的形式输入到系统中去，它是液压系统的动力源。液压马达则将输入的压力能转换成机械能，以扭矩和转速的形式输送到执行机构做功，是液压传动系统的执行元件。液压马达是实现连续旋转运动的执行元件，从原理上讲，向容积式泵中输入压力油，迫使其转轴转动。图6中T为转矩；ω为角速度；Q为流量；P为压力。The core technology of the present invention is that the oil source of the hydraulic motor is delivered by the tractor hydraulic pump, the hydraulic motor is turned into a continuously rotating actuator, and the oil from the hydraulic motor is transmitted to the tractor hydraulic pump for recycling. This enables manual control of the rotational speed and high recovery efficiency based on farm terrain. The necessary conditions for the hydraulic pump and hydraulic motor to work: 1. There must be a closed volume whose size can be changed periodically; 2. There must be a flow distribution action: for a hydraulic pump, when the closed volume is increased, low-pressure oil is sucked in, and when the closed volume is reduced, it is discharged high pressure oil. For hydraulic motors, high-pressure oil is charged when the closed volume is increased, and low-pressure oil is discharged when the closed volume is reduced. 3. High and low pressure oil shall not be connected. Both hydraulic pumps and hydraulic motors are energy conversion elements in hydraulic transmission systems. As shown in Figure 1: The hydraulic pump is driven by the prime mover, converts the input mechanical energy into the pressure energy of the oil, and then inputs it into the system in the form of pressure and flow. It is the power source of the hydraulic system. The hydraulic motor converts the input pressure energy into mechanical energy, and transmits it to the actuator to do work in the form of torque and rotational speed, which is the actuator of the hydraulic transmission system. The hydraulic motor is an executive element that realizes continuous rotary motion. In principle, the pressure oil is input into the positive displacement pump to force its shaft to rotate. In Figure 6, T is torque; ω is angular velocity; Q is flow; P is pressure.
参照图1-图5，一种滴灌带回收机6，包括拖拉机1，在所述拖拉机1前部固定有支架2，所述支架2上设有液压马达3，所述液压马达3油入口和出口用油管7连接至拖拉机液压泵油出入口，所述支架2上还设有转动轴4，所述转动轴4上设有缠绕滴灌带部件5。1-5, a drip irrigation belt recycling machine 6 includes a tractor 1, a bracket 2 is fixed at the front of the tractor 1, and a hydraulic motor 3 is arranged on the bracket 2. The oil inlet of the hydraulic motor 3 and the The oil pipe 7 for the outlet is connected to the oil inlet and outlet of the tractor hydraulic pump. The support 2 is also provided with a rotating shaft 4 , and the rotating shaft 4 is provided with a winding drip irrigation belt part 5 .
本发明所述滴灌带回收机的操作方法，包括以下步骤：液压马达油入口和出口用油管连接至拖拉机液压泵油出入口。当拖拉机启动时，拖拉机液压泵会输送油进入液压马达，进入的油再从液压马达出口回流至拖拉机液压泵。当液压马达工作时就会转动转动轴，通过转动轴的工作可以在缠绕滴灌带部件上缠绕我们想要回收的滴灌带。The operation method of the drip irrigation belt recovery machine of the present invention includes the following steps: the hydraulic motor oil inlet and outlet are connected to the tractor hydraulic pump oil inlet and outlet with oil pipes. When the tractor is started, the tractor hydraulic pump will send oil into the hydraulic motor, and the entered oil will flow back from the hydraulic motor outlet to the tractor hydraulic pump. When the hydraulic motor works, the rotating shaft will be rotated, and the drip irrigation tape we want to recycle can be wound on the winding drip irrigation belt part through the work of the rotating shaft.
步骤1、启动拖拉机。当启动动拖拉机时拖拉机的液压油泵会输送一定量的油给镶嵌在拖拉机前部部件的液压马达(拖拉机液压泵与滴灌回收机液压马达用油管相连接)。Step 1. Start the tractor. When the tractor is started, the hydraulic oil pump of the tractor will deliver a certain amount of oil to the hydraulic motor embedded in the front part of the tractor (the hydraulic pump of the tractor is connected with the hydraulic motor of the drip irrigation machine with an oil pipe).
步骤2、液压马达与部件上的转动轴用链子相连接(图2)。当液压马达齿轮转动时转动轴也会跟着转动。转动速度可以由液压马达转速档来调节。Step 2. Connect the hydraulic motor to the rotating shaft on the component with a chain (Figure 2). When the hydraulic motor gear rotates, the rotating shaft also rotates. The rotation speed can be adjusted by the hydraulic motor speed gear.
步骤3、转动轴两旁设有缠绕部件，当转动轴转动时缠绕部件也会跟着转动。通过缠绕部件的转动可以有效的将滴灌带缠绕回收在缠绕部件上。Step 3. There are winding parts on both sides of the rotating shaft, and the winding parts will also rotate when the rotating shaft rotates. The drip irrigation tape can be effectively wound and recovered on the winding member through the rotation of the winding member.
步骤4、拖拉机可以按着田地地形，季节时期，调整把握最恰当的行走速度。这取决于缠绕带的转动速度及地形。滴灌带回收机缠绕部件是按顺时针转动。Step 4. The tractor can adjust and grasp the most appropriate walking speed according to the terrain of the field and the season. This depends on the speed of rotation of the wrap and the terrain. The winding part of the drip irrigation belt recycling machine is rotated clockwise.
实施例：Example:
实验场地及时间：2018年10月20日；内蒙古科尔沁左翼中旗白兴吐苏木实验400002m2玉米地Experiment site and time: October 20, 2018; 400002m 2 cornfield for Baixing Tusumu experiment in Horqin Left Middle Banner, Inner Mongolia
分两组进行实验：实验1组为人工(1人)；实验2组为本发明回收机(1人操作)The experiments were carried out in two groups: the experiment group 1 was manual labor (1 person); the experiment group 2 was the recycling machine of the present invention (operated by 1 person).
本实验以66667m2为一组数据，分别测实验1组和实验2组全部收回滴灌带所需时间及回收率。滴灌带的回收率可以直接反映回收机的工作性能，考虑到回收时滴灌带内仍有少量的水、外部有泥土附着，收带率可由下式求出In this experiment, 66667m 2 was used as a group of data, and the time and recovery rate of the drip irrigation tapes were measured for the first group and the second group respectively. The recovery rate of the drip irrigation belt can directly reflect the working performance of the recycling machine. Considering that there is still a small amount of water in the drip irrigation belt and soil attached to the outside during recycling, the recovery rate can be calculated by the following formula
式中为滴灌带率，％：ω为回收滴灌带的质量，kg；ω0为地面残留滴灌带的质量，kg。where is the drip irrigation tape rate, %: ω is the mass of the recovered drip irrigation tape, kg; ω 0 is the mass of the residual drip irrigation tape on the ground, kg.
表1 66667m2玉米地回收滴灌带所需时间及回收率Table 1 Time and recovery rate of 66667m2 cornfield to recover drip irrigation belt
按照上述试验方法测得的本发明滴灌带回收机通过性良好，该机器在正常工作时的回收率为97-98％之间。绕带成功率较高，能够满足实际生产需要。人工所需时间每66667m2地大概需要100h才能回收，而本发明回收机只需要10h。大大节省了人力成本。通辽科左中旗人力劳务费约200元每小时算，66667m2人工费约2000元。而本发明回收机成本不到2000元。还可以多次循环使用。The drip irrigation belt recovery machine of the present invention measured according to the above test method has good passability, and the recovery rate of the machine in normal operation is between 97-98%. The success rate of tape winding is high, which can meet the actual production needs. The time required for labor is about 100h per 66667m 2 to be recycled, while the recycling machine of the present invention only needs 10h. Greatly save labor costs. The labor cost of Tongliao Ke Zuozhong Banner is about 200 yuan per hour, and the labor cost of 66667m 2 is about 2,000 yuan. The cost of the recycling machine of the present invention is less than 2,000 yuan. It can also be recycled multiple times.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，本发明的保护范围不限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内，可显而易见地得到的技术方案的简单变化或等效替换均落入本发明的保护范围内。The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can obviously obtain the simplicity of the technical solution within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. Variations or equivalent substitutions fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN204569034U (en) * | 2015-02-16 | 2015-08-19 | 新疆天诚农机具制造有限公司 | A kind of drip irrigation hose storing machine |
| CN204588330U (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-08-26 | 衣里哈木·沙哈提江 | Drip irrigation tape recycling machine |
| CN211003992U (en) * | 2019-03-16 | 2020-07-14 | 包宝龙 | Drip irrigation tape recycling machine |
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2019
- 2019-03-16 CN CN201910219502.6A patent/CN109941827A/en active Pending
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| FR2544706A1 (en) * | 1983-04-21 | 1984-10-26 | Clerc Manoel | Assembly forming a winch adapted for mounting on a tractor |
| CN203486683U (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2014-03-19 | 赵厚波 | Drip irrigation tape recovery device |
| CN203428660U (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2014-02-12 | 夏振江 | Simple drip irrigation tape taking-up machine |
| CN203976132U (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-12-03 | 云南绿洲节水灌溉有限责任公司 | A kind of drip irrigation below the surface pipe regenerative apparatus |
| CN204569034U (en) * | 2015-02-16 | 2015-08-19 | 新疆天诚农机具制造有限公司 | A kind of drip irrigation hose storing machine |
| CN204588330U (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-08-26 | 衣里哈木·沙哈提江 | Drip irrigation tape recycling machine |
| CN211003992U (en) * | 2019-03-16 | 2020-07-14 | 包宝龙 | Drip irrigation tape recycling machine |
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Application publication date: 20190628 |