CN109932078A - A kind of high-sensitivity optical fiber temperature sensing probe and its making method - Google Patents
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高灵敏光纤温度传感探头,探头本体内设有密封空间,所述密封空间侧壁设有出入射窗口,所述密封空间包括向远离所述出入射窗口方向依次连通的第一管腔和第二管腔,所述第一管腔内填充有易挥发液体。通过上述优化设计的高灵敏光纤温度传感探头,通过在密封空间内填充易挥发液体,利用易挥发液体的感温膨胀特性,易挥发液体随环境温度变化发生折射率变化,实现入射液面折射率感温灵敏调制,从而实现低成本温度灵敏探测。本发明还公开了一种高灵敏光纤温度传感探头的制作方法。
The invention discloses a high-sensitivity optical fiber temperature sensing probe. The probe body is provided with a sealed space, and the side wall of the sealed space is provided with an outgoing incident window. A first lumen and a second lumen, the first lumen is filled with volatile liquid. Through the above optimally designed high-sensitivity optical fiber temperature sensing probe, by filling the sealed space with volatile liquid, using the temperature-sensing expansion characteristics of the volatile liquid, the volatile liquid changes the refractive index with the change of the ambient temperature, and realizes the refraction of the incident liquid surface. Rate-sensitive temperature-sensitive modulation, enabling low-cost temperature-sensitive detection. The invention also discloses a manufacturing method of a high-sensitivity optical fiber temperature sensing probe.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及光纤传感技术领域,尤其涉及一种高灵敏光纤温度传感探头及其制作方法。The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, in particular to a high-sensitivity optical fiber temperature sensing probe and a manufacturing method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
随着“信息化”时代物联网的迅速发展,生活生产中对温度传感器的需求量急速增长,光纤温度传感器作为一种新型传感器,具有抗电磁干扰能力强、体积小、重量轻、功耗小、易于复用等独特优势,在电网、油井、煤矿温度监测,海洋环境监测等领域具有广泛的应用前景。根据调制方式不同,光纤温度传感探头可以分为强度调制型、波长调制型、相位调制型等。但是,由于普通石英光纤本身是二氧化硅材料,其热光系数与热膨胀系数均较小,因此不论采用哪种调制方式,纯石英光纤温度探头灵敏度都不高,给实际应用中的温度灵敏探测带来困难。With the rapid development of the Internet of Things in the "informationization" era, the demand for temperature sensors in daily life and production has increased rapidly. As a new type of sensor, optical fiber temperature sensor has strong anti-electromagnetic interference ability, small size, light weight and low power consumption. , easy to reuse and other unique advantages, it has a wide range of application prospects in power grid, oil well, coal mine temperature monitoring, marine environment monitoring and other fields. According to different modulation methods, fiber optic temperature sensing probes can be divided into intensity modulation type, wavelength modulation type, phase modulation type and so on. However, since the ordinary silica fiber itself is a silica material, its thermo-optic coefficient and thermal expansion coefficient are small, so no matter which modulation method is used, the sensitivity of the pure silica fiber temperature probe is not high, which is suitable for temperature sensitive detection in practical applications. bring difficulties.
目前,为了提高光纤温度传感探头灵敏度,据查已报道有与各种温度敏感材料例如固态聚合物或液体结合的波长调制型和相位调制型光纤温度传感探头,利用宽光谱光源和光谱仪,对探头光谱中呈现出的谐振峰或干涉峰的中心波长进行监测,从而解调出环境温度。但是宽光谱光源和光谱仪的使用增加了解调成本与难度,且增加了光纤温度传感器解调系统的体积与功耗。强度调制型光纤温度传感探头直接利用功率计对光功率信号进行监测,大幅降低了解调成本与难度,但是由于聚合物在低温和高温环境下链状结构会变性,而液体在标准大气压环境下会受到熔点与沸点温度的限制,因此基于聚合物或液体增敏的光纤温度探头探测范围往往过小,一般只有不到100℃。At present, in order to improve the sensitivity of fiber-optic temperature sensing probes, it has been reported that wavelength-modulated and phase-modulated fiber-optic temperature sensing probes combined with various temperature-sensitive materials such as solid polymers or liquids, using wide-spectrum light sources and spectrometers, The central wavelength of the resonance or interference peaks present in the probe spectrum is monitored to demodulate the ambient temperature. However, the use of wide-spectrum light sources and spectrometers increases the cost and difficulty of demodulation, and increases the volume and power consumption of the fiber-optic temperature sensor demodulation system. The intensity-modulated fiber-optic temperature sensing probe directly uses a power meter to monitor the optical power signal, which greatly reduces the cost and difficulty of demodulation. However, because the chain structure of polymers will be denatured under low temperature and high temperature environments, and the liquid under standard atmospheric pressure environment It will be limited by the melting point and boiling point temperature, so the detection range of fiber optic temperature probes based on polymer or liquid sensitization is often too small, generally less than 100 °C.
如何同时提高光纤温度传感探头的灵敏度与探测范围并降低解调成本成为该领域一项技术难题。How to simultaneously improve the sensitivity and detection range of the optical fiber temperature sensing probe and reduce the demodulation cost has become a technical problem in this field.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
为解决背景技术中存在的技术问题,本发明提出一种高灵敏光纤温度传感探头及其制作方法。In order to solve the technical problems existing in the background art, the present invention provides a high-sensitivity optical fiber temperature sensing probe and a manufacturing method thereof.
本发明提出的一种高灵敏光纤温度传感探头,包括:探头本体;A high-sensitivity optical fiber temperature sensing probe proposed by the present invention comprises: a probe body;
探头本体内设有密封空间,所述密封空间侧壁设有出入射窗口,所述密封空间包括向远离所述出入射窗口方向依次连通的第一管腔和第二管腔,所述第一管腔内填充有易挥发液体。The probe body is provided with a sealed space, and the side wall of the sealed space is provided with an out-and-incident window, and the sealed space includes a first lumen and a second lumen that are communicated in turn in a direction away from the out-and-incident window, and the first lumen is The lumen is filled with volatile liquid.
优选地,所述第二管腔内填充有空气。Preferably, the second lumen is filled with air.
优选地,所述第二管腔为毛细腔。Preferably, the second lumen is a capillary lumen.
优选地,所述第一管腔包括主腔部和毛细部,所述毛细部位于所述主腔部远离所述出入射窗口一侧,所述主腔部内径大于所述毛细部内径;所述毛细部与所述第二管腔内径相等。Preferably, the first lumen includes a main cavity part and a capillary part, the capillary part is located on the side of the main cavity part away from the outgoing and incident window, and the inner diameter of the main cavity part is larger than the inner diameter of the capillary part; The capillary portion is equal to the inner diameter of the second lumen.
优选地,探头本体包括管体、光纤,所述出入射窗口位于管体一端且管体另一端封闭,光纤位于所述出入射窗口处且光纤的纤芯与所述出入射窗口对应设置;Preferably, the probe body includes a pipe body and an optical fiber, the outgoing and incident window is located at one end of the pipe body and the other end of the pipe body is closed, the optical fiber is located at the outgoing incident window, and the core of the optical fiber is arranged corresponding to the outgoing incident window;
优选地,光纤与管体共同形成所述密封空间。Preferably, the optical fiber and the tube body together form the sealed space.
优选地,所述第一管腔包括主腔部和毛细部,管体包括第一毛细管和第二毛细管,所述主腔部位于第一毛细管内且所述毛细部和所述第二管腔位于第二毛细管内。Preferably, the first lumen includes a main lumen part and a capillary part, the pipe body includes a first capillary tube and a second capillary tube, the main lumen part is located in the first capillary tube and the capillary part and the second lumen located in the second capillary.
优选地,光纤采用单模光纤。Preferably, the optical fiber is a single-mode optical fiber.
优选地,管体采用石英材料制成。Preferably, the tube body is made of quartz material.
优选地,所述易挥发液体采用液态乙醇。Preferably, the volatile liquid is liquid ethanol.
本发明中,所提出的高灵敏光纤温度传感探头,探头本体内设有密封空间,所述密封空间侧壁设有出入射窗口,所述密封空间包括向远离所述出入射窗口方向依次连通的第一管腔和第二管腔,所述第一管腔内填充有易挥发液体。通过上述优化设计的高灵敏光纤温度传感探头,通过在密封空间内填充易挥发液体,利用易挥发液体的感温膨胀特性,易挥发液体随环境温度变化发生折射率变化,实现入射液面折射率感温灵敏调制,从而实现低成本温度灵敏探测。In the present invention, in the proposed high-sensitivity optical fiber temperature sensing probe, the probe body is provided with a sealed space, and the side wall of the sealed space is provided with an outgoing incident window, and the sealed space includes a connection in a direction away from the outgoing incident window in sequence. The first lumen and the second lumen are filled with volatile liquid. Through the above optimally designed high-sensitivity optical fiber temperature sensing probe, by filling the sealed space with volatile liquid, using the temperature-sensing expansion characteristics of the volatile liquid, the volatile liquid changes the refractive index with the change of the ambient temperature, and realizes the refraction of the incident liquid surface. Rate-sensitive temperature-sensitive modulation, enabling low-cost temperature-sensitive detection.
本发明还公开了一种根据上述高灵敏光纤温度传感探头的制作方法,包括:将光纤一端熔接在管体的第一管腔远离第二管腔一端,然后在管体内充满易挥发液体,最后将管体远离光纤一端高温熔接密封。The invention also discloses a manufacturing method of the above-mentioned high-sensitivity optical fiber temperature sensing probe. Finally, the end of the tube body away from the optical fiber is welded and sealed at high temperature.
优选地,还包括:预先将第二毛细管一端与第一毛细管一端熔接形成管体。Preferably, the method further includes: welding one end of the second capillary tube and one end of the first capillary tube to form a tube body in advance.
本发明中,所提出的高灵敏光纤温度传感探头的制作方法,利用易挥发液体的易挥发特性,在将光纤与石英管级联熔接过程中,形成密封腔体的同时,易挥发液体在高温下挥发在密封腔内形成填充液体部分和未填充液体部分,从而保证探测灵敏度的同时大大降低制作成本。In the present invention, the proposed manufacturing method of the high-sensitivity optical fiber temperature sensing probe utilizes the volatile property of the volatile liquid to form a sealed cavity in the process of cascading and splicing the optical fiber and the quartz tube. The volatilization at high temperature forms a liquid filled part and an unfilled liquid part in the sealed cavity, thereby ensuring the detection sensitivity and greatly reducing the manufacturing cost.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明提出的一种高灵敏光纤温度传感探头的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a highly sensitive optical fiber temperature sensing probe proposed by the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
如图1所示,图1为本发明提出的一种高灵敏光纤温度传感探头的结构示意图。As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a highly sensitive optical fiber temperature sensing probe proposed by the present invention.
参照图1,本发明提出的一种高灵敏光纤温度传感探头,包括:探头本体;Referring to FIG. 1, a high-sensitivity optical fiber temperature sensing probe proposed by the present invention includes: a probe body;
探头本体内设有密封空间,所述密封空间侧壁设有出入射窗口,所述密封空间包括向远离所述出入射窗口方向依次连通的第一管腔和第二管腔,所述第一管腔内填充有易挥发液体5。The probe body is provided with a sealed space, and the side wall of the sealed space is provided with an out-and-incident window, and the sealed space includes a first lumen and a second lumen that are communicated in turn in a direction away from the out-and-incident window, and the first lumen is The lumen is filled with volatile liquid 5 .
本实施例的高灵敏光纤温度传感探头的具体工作过程中,在探头本体的出入射窗口连接激光器和光功率计,将探头本体竖直放置,使得出入射窗口位于密封空间底部,随着检测环境温度的变化,第一管腔内的易挥发液体的体积发生变化,使得激光在密封空间内入射液面处的折射率随易挥发液体的温度和密度发生变化,光功率计对出射光的检测结果也发生变化,从而实现灵敏感温检测。In the specific working process of the high-sensitivity optical fiber temperature sensing probe of this embodiment, the laser and the optical power meter are connected to the outgoing and incident window of the probe body, and the probe body is placed vertically so that the outgoing and incident window is located at the bottom of the sealed space. The temperature changes, the volume of the volatile liquid in the first lumen changes, so that the refractive index of the laser at the incident liquid surface in the sealed space changes with the temperature and density of the volatile liquid, and the detection of the outgoing light by the optical power meter The results also change, enabling sensitive temperature detection.
在本实施例中,所提出的高灵敏光纤温度传感探头,探头本体内设有密封空间,所述密封空间侧壁设有出入射窗口,所述密封空间包括向远离所述出入射窗口方向依次连通的第一管腔和第二管腔,所述第一管腔内填充有易挥发液体。通过上述优化设计的高灵敏光纤温度传感探头,通过在密封空间内填充易挥发液体,利用易挥发液体的感温膨胀特性,易挥发液体随环境温度变化发生折射率变化,实现入射液面折射率感温灵敏调制,从而实现低成本温度灵敏探测;同时,通过密封空间设计,提高了易挥发液体的沸点,从而大大提高检测范围。In this embodiment, in the proposed high-sensitivity optical fiber temperature sensing probe, a sealed space is provided in the probe body, and an outgoing incident window is disposed on the side wall of the sealed space, and the sealed space includes a direction away from the outgoing incident window. The first lumen and the second lumen are connected in sequence, and the first lumen is filled with volatile liquid. Through the above optimally designed high-sensitivity optical fiber temperature sensing probe, by filling the sealed space with volatile liquid, using the temperature-sensing expansion characteristics of the volatile liquid, the volatile liquid changes the refractive index with the change of the ambient temperature, and realizes the refraction of the incident liquid surface. The rate-sensitive temperature-sensing modulation can realize low-cost temperature-sensitive detection; at the same time, through the design of the sealed space, the boiling point of the volatile liquid is increased, thereby greatly improving the detection range.
在具体实施方式中,所述第二管腔内填充有空气,为密封空间内易挥发液体的体积变化提供空间,同时由于空气的存在,对易挥发液体的体积膨胀进行限制,防止膨胀过快影响检测精度。In a specific embodiment, the second lumen is filled with air to provide space for the volume change of the volatile liquid in the sealed space, and at the same time, due to the presence of air, the volume expansion of the volatile liquid is limited to prevent excessive expansion affect the detection accuracy.
在第二管腔的具体设计方式中,所述第二管腔为毛细腔,使得易挥发液体在密封空间内的位置仅受温度变化影响,在毛细管内液体张力作用下始终处于密封空间一侧,而不受重力影响,从而使得不受使用环境的影响,无论探头本体如何放置,均能实现感温检测。In the specific design of the second lumen, the second lumen is a capillary cavity, so that the position of the volatile liquid in the sealed space is only affected by temperature changes, and is always on the side of the sealed space under the action of the liquid tension in the capillary , and is not affected by gravity, so that it is not affected by the use environment, and no matter how the probe body is placed, temperature detection can be achieved.
在第一管腔的具体设计方式中,所述第一管腔包括主腔部和毛细部,所述毛细部位于所述主腔部远离所述出入射窗口一侧,所述主腔部内径大于所述毛细部内径;通过设置毛细部,使得液体在光入射方向具有一定深度,从而减少液体远离出入射窗口一端的液面的反射对出射光的影响。In a specific design of the first lumen, the first lumen includes a main lumen part and a capillary part, the capillary part is located on the side of the main lumen part away from the exit and incident window, and the inner diameter of the main lumen part is larger than the inner diameter of the capillary part; by setting the capillary part, the liquid has a certain depth in the light incident direction, thereby reducing the influence of the reflection of the liquid surface at the end of the liquid away from the incident window on the outgoing light.
在进一步具体实施方式中,所述毛细部与所述第二管腔内径相等,进一步保证易挥发液体随温度变化的可靠性。In a further specific embodiment, the capillary portion is equal to the inner diameter of the second lumen, which further ensures the reliability of the volatile liquid changing with temperature.
在探头本体的具体设计方式中,管体、光纤1,所述出入射窗口位于管体一端且管体另一端封闭,光纤1位于所述出入射窗口处且光纤1的纤芯与所述出入射窗口对应设置;优选地,光纤1与管体共同形成所述密封空间;通过在密封空间的出入射窗口设置光纤,使得光纤射出的光直接进入密封空间内的液面,而不受中间其他介质的影响,提高激光入射出射的可靠性,从而提高检测精度。In the specific design method of the probe body, the tube body and the optical fiber 1, the out-and-incident window is located at one end of the tube body and the other end of the tube body is closed, the optical fiber 1 is located at the out-and-incident window, and the core of the optical fiber 1 is connected to the outgoing and incident window. The incident windows are arranged correspondingly; preferably, the optical fiber 1 and the pipe body together form the sealed space; by arranging the optical fiber in the outgoing and incident window of the sealed space, the light emitted by the optical fiber directly enters the liquid level in the sealed space, without being affected by other intermediate The influence of the medium improves the reliability of the incident and output of the laser, thereby improving the detection accuracy.
在探头本体的具体制作方式中,将光纤1一端熔接在管体的第一管腔远离第二管腔一端,然后在管体内充满易挥发液体5,最后将管体远离光纤1一端高温熔接密封;在熔接过程中,高温使得管体内易挥发液体蒸发,一部分液体挥发进入空气中,使得密封空间内的压强小于外部压强,有效提高易挥发液体升温膨胀时的测量范围。In the specific manufacturing method of the probe body, one end of the optical fiber 1 is welded to the end of the first lumen of the tube body away from the second lumen, then the tube body is filled with volatile liquid 5, and finally the end of the tube body away from the optical fiber 1 is welded and sealed at high temperature ; During the welding process, the high temperature makes the volatile liquid in the tube evaporate, and part of the liquid volatilizes into the air, so that the pressure in the sealed space is lower than the external pressure, which effectively improves the measurement range of the volatile liquid when it heats up and expands.
在本实施例中,所提出的高灵敏光纤温度传感探头的制作方法,利用易挥发液体的易挥发特性,在将光纤与石英管级联熔接过程中,形成密封的腔体的同时,易挥发液体在高温下挥发在密封腔内形成填充液体部分和未填充液体部分,从而保证探测灵敏度的同时大大降低制作成本。In this embodiment, the proposed method for manufacturing a high-sensitivity optical fiber temperature sensing probe utilizes the volatile characteristics of volatile liquids to form a sealed cavity in the process of cascading and splicing the optical fiber and the quartz tube, and at the same time, it is easy to The volatile liquid is volatilized at a high temperature to form a liquid-filled part and an unfilled liquid-filled part in the sealed cavity, thereby ensuring the detection sensitivity and greatly reducing the manufacturing cost.
在第一管腔的进一步实施方式中,其特征在于,所述第一管腔包括主腔部和毛细部,管体包括第一毛细管3和第二毛细管4,所述主腔部位于第一毛细管3内且所述毛细部和所述第二管腔位于第二毛细管4内。In a further embodiment of the first lumen, the first lumen includes a main lumen part and a capillary part, the pipe body includes a first capillary tube 3 and a second capillary tube 4, and the main lumen part is located in the first lumen part. Inside the capillary 3 and the capillary and the second lumen are located inside the second capillary 4 .
在管体的具体制作方式中,将第二毛细管4一端与第一毛细管3一端熔接形成管体;管体通过两个毛细管熔接而成,便于粗细两个管腔的加工,降低加工成本。In the specific manufacturing method of the tube body, one end of the second capillary tube 4 is welded with one end of the first capillary tube 3 to form the tube body; the tube body is formed by welding two capillary tubes, which facilitates the processing of two thick and thin lumen and reduces the processing cost.
在实际操作中,通过调节第一毛细管和第二毛细管的长度以及调节光纤与毛细管的熔接参数,能够改变改变第二管腔的长度,从而改变第一管腔和第二管腔的体积比,从而实现检测范围的调节。In actual operation, by adjusting the length of the first capillary and the second capillary and adjusting the fusion parameters of the optical fiber and the capillary, the length of the second lumen can be changed, thereby changing the volume ratio of the first lumen and the second lumen, So as to realize the adjustment of the detection range.
在光纤的具体选择方式中,光纤1采用单模光纤,相对于多模光纤,选择单模光纤降低了分光损耗,从而提高检测准确性和灵敏性;优选地,管体采用石英材料制成。In the specific selection method of the optical fiber, the optical fiber 1 adopts a single-mode optical fiber. Compared with the multi-mode optical fiber, selecting the single-mode optical fiber reduces the spectral loss, thereby improving the detection accuracy and sensitivity; preferably, the tube body is made of quartz material.
在所述易挥发液体的选择方式中,所述易挥发液体5采用液态乙醇,乙醇的热光系数高且易于密封,冰点较低,在密封后沸点能提高到230℃,使测量范围增大到-70℃到230℃。In the selection method of the volatile liquid, the volatile liquid 5 is liquid ethanol, which has a high thermo-optic coefficient, is easy to seal, and has a low freezing point. After sealing, the boiling point can be increased to 230°C, which increases the measurement range. to -70°C to 230°C.
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. The equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concept thereof shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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