CN109921831A - A kind of factory and enterprise electric energy detection management system - Google Patents
A kind of factory and enterprise electric energy detection management system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109921831A CN109921831A CN201910340755.9A CN201910340755A CN109921831A CN 109921831 A CN109921831 A CN 109921831A CN 201910340755 A CN201910340755 A CN 201910340755A CN 109921831 A CN109921831 A CN 109921831A
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of factory and enterprise electric energy detection management systems, are made of intelligent electric energy meter, zone controller, total station control.Intelligent electric energy meter acquires the electricity consumption data of each production equipment, zone controller is uploaded to by power line communication and the electricity consumption data of each equipment of enterprise is passed through into Internet transmission to master station's controller plc by zone controller, power scheduling is carried out by total station control and is managed for electric equilibrium etc., and computer and handheld mobile device access remote computation machine management system can be used.
Description
(1) technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of factory and enterprise electric energy detection management system, inclusion region controller and each intelligent electric energy meter,
Using power line communication method, 0 area's specified point is crossed to grid cyclic wave voltage and sends wide pulse signal generation mutation current, makes power grid
Cycle carries information.Zone controller receives the data of each intelligent electric energy meter acquisition, and by being integrated with TCP/IP hardware protocol
The Network Interface Module of stack accesses internet, so as to use computer and handheld mobile device to access remote computer management system
System.
(2) background technique:
Current power line communication refers mainly to power line carrier communication and bi-directional Glenn shunt.Power line carrier communication PLC benefit
Signal is transmitted by carrier system with existing power line.But distribution transformer has barrier action to power carrier signal, simultaneously
Transmission has the very big loss of signal again between three-phase power line, so power carrier signal can only be in a distribution transformer platform area
Transmission, and can only be transmitted in single-phase electricity line.In practical application, when power line zero load, point-to-point carrier signal can be transferred to
Several kilometers, but when load is very heavy on power line, tens meters can only be transmitted, therefore power line carrier communication is only applied remote at present
In journey meter reading, also need to cooperate other means of communication.
Bi-directional Glenn shunt TWACS, which is utilized, is added modulated signal in power-frequency voltage fundamental wave zero passage area, with the electricity in this region
The distorted signal of pressure or current waveform carries information.TWACS system equipment exists only in substation and user terminal.Wherein by power transformation
Standing to the channel of user terminal transmission is output channel, carries information using the modulation of voltage waveform, is passed from user terminal to substation
Defeated channel is input channel, transmits information using the variation of current waveform.Its receiving and transmitting signal passes through coupling transformer and electricity
The crosslinking of power net.
The detection of TW A CS signal is mainly based upon time-domain difference technology, these methods mostly data processing complex, in real time
Property it is poor, equipment cost is high, needs to acquire a large amount of signal of multiple cycles relatively and carries out A/D conversion respectively, then carries out complicated meter
It calculates, just can determine that the signal position is " 1 " or " 0 ", due to the preciseness of calculating, interference signal can seriously affect detected signal
Judgement as a result, therefore original method be difficult China apply.
Clock timer and synchrotimer is arranged in the present invention, and the true and false judgement of synchrotimer and cycle signal is screened
With reference to my 2016 yearly correlation patents.
(3) summary of the invention:
Power line bi-directional Glenn shunt be when silicon-controlled 30 ° of triggering and conductings before zero crossing of modulation circuit, by every
Modulated signal is generated from transformer, makes grid cyclic wave that short circuit distortion occur, exports the frequency of modulated signal in 200~600Hz
Range, receiving end demodulate useful letter by acquisition, A/D conversion and the series of computation to multiple groups cycle distorted signal
Breath.But China's power network uses isolated neutral or small current neutral grounding system, electricity consumption situation is complicated, the two-way power frequency of power line
Communication can hardly find practical applications in China.
The present invention relates to a kind of factory and enterprise electric energy detection management systems, are controlled by intelligent electric energy meter, zone controller, master station
Device composition processed.Intelligent electric energy meter acquires the electricity consumption data of each production equipment, is uploaded to zone controller by power line communication, and
The electricity consumption data of each equipment of enterprise is passed through into Internet transmission to master station's controller plc by zone controller, is controlled by master station
Device carries out power scheduling and manages for electric equilibrium etc., reduces wiring installation using power line communication.Zone controller passes through integrated
The Network Interface Module of TCP/IP hardware protocol stacks accesses internet, so as to use computer and handheld mobile device to access
Remote computation machine management system.
The power line communication is the accurate of signal sending point by setting to grid cyclic wave voltage and signal receiving point
Communication is realized in positioning, sends a rectangular wave broad pulse of communication positive or negative pole in the signal sending point of setting to generate
Mutation current, the mutation current cause a voltage drop to be superimposed on grid voltage waveform on the short-circuit impedance of distribution transformer
On, to complete a signal modulation process, the signal receiving point demodulated signal that receiving end is set in grid cyclic wave voltage；It is described
One positive rectangular wave broad pulse refers to that the high level part of pulse returns 0 from 0 to height.Because only sending single rectangular wave
Broad pulse is to electric network influencing very little, and structure simple signal recall rate is high.The microcontroller STC15F2K60S of system, is adopted
With external crystal-controlled oscillation, frequency 35MHz, signal procedure is write with assembler language, to reduce communication instruction holding time.Or using other
Model High Speed Microcontroller.
The setting of signal transmitting and receiving position: it is crossed at 0 in the voltage of grid cyclic wave positive half cycle and 0 voltage comparator was set, in electricity
A setting cycle voltage location setting signal voltage comparator between voltage 21V -40V of net week wave positive half cycle.In this way,
The output of signal voltage comparator realizes overturning in two positions of all wave voltages of setting of a cycle positive half cycle.Cycle just
The setting cycle voltage location of half cycle ascent stage is as the first signal location, all wave voltage positions of setting signal transmitting-receiving point
Set referred to as the first signal set point, cycle positive half cycle descending branch the setting cycle voltage location as second signal position
It sets, the cycle voltage location of setting signal transmitting-receiving point is known as second signal set point.Microcontroller STC15F2K60S can be set
Setting external interrupt is rising edge triggering or failing edge triggering, has served as 0 voltage comparator and signal voltage comparator in grid cyclic wave
The ascent stage of positive half cycle or descending branch, which generate after overturning triggering is interrupted, changes down trigger mode, or and by different interrupt source
Generate interruption.
The condition that signal transmitting and receiving has: 0 voltage comparator of mistake and signal voltage comparator are all made of ns grades of height
Fast voltage comparator.The time mistake that overturning and triggering are interrupted can reduce using High Speed Microcontroller and high speed voltage comparator
Difference, and have the resolution ratio of sufficiently high detection overturning triggering break period, cooperate the position of signal to wipe the skill with synchrotimer
Art means improve the recall rate that grid cyclic wave carries information.By the transmission of ns grades of high-speed power control switch basis signals away from
From it is tests determined by transmitted positive 35V to a setting rectangular wave broad pulse voltage-drop loading between 60V in grid cyclic wave
On signal sending point, the rectangular wave broad pulse voltage is higher than the voltage for the grid cyclic wave position being loaded.Basis signal transmission
Width apart from tests determined rectangular wave broad pulse voltage is 0.3ms~0.5ms, can provide signal code 1A -20A.Make week
Wave voltage is displaced in the time of the signal location, so that the high speed voltage comparator of receiving end be made not turn in signal receiving point
Turn, takes " 0 " to send as the position (BIT) in signal, otherwise take " 1 " to send for the position (BIT) in signal.Therefore only when in signal
Position value overturn signal voltage comparator should in signal receiving point, since interference is not flipped just and has disturbed work
With.
Signal receiving end setting: signal receiving end is by twin voltage comparator, High-speed Control switch and signal voltage comparator
It constitutes, grid cyclic wave connects after electric resistance partial pressure with twin voltage comparator input terminal, and the setting of twin voltage comparator is rationed the power supply by wealthy family
The low-voltage window region that the threshold range of pressure and low threshold voltage is constituted.Under microcontroller control, when all wave voltages of input
When falling in the low-voltage window region of twin voltage comparator setting, make High-speed Control switch in an ON state, signal voltage compares
Device directly receives position in the signal of all wave voltages and receives signal and measurement cycle time parameter, whether determines received signal
In the signal receiving point error range of setting, make High-speed Control switch in an off state other than low-voltage window region.Cause
This, grid cyclic wave voltage is only directly conditioned in two low-voltage window regions of cycle positive half cycle through High-speed Control switch control
Filtering is followed by signal voltage comparator input terminal, is filtered out High-frequency Interference and is passed through fundamental frequency signal re-demodulation signal of communication, every
From grid cyclic wave high voltage, the error as caused by bleeder circuit is reduced.Low-voltage window region is arranged in twin voltage comparator
When, it need to guarantee that the first signal location and second signal position are fallen in always in the low-voltage window region.
The erasing and repeating transmission of position value in signal: in the signal receiving point demodulated signal of setting, comprising confirmation or wipe from
The signal that the signal sending point of setting is sent.During transmitting terminal sends signal, after high-speed power control switch is opened, send
The signal voltage comparator reception of the transmitted signal in end while receiving end, if the position of received position value information and transmission
Value information is different, then then sends the erasing signal of this.The erasable repeating transmission of each data bit in each frame information uses
Control bit transmitting-receiving erasing signal, if wipe twice in succession it is unsuccessful, that is, send erasing frame signal, thus improve signal inspection
Extracting rate.Only when the quantity for being wiped free of position is more than setting value, just wipe and retransmission of information frame.
Information frame generates: institute's rheme is binary digit.Each information frame is by start bit, address or data bit, stop bits
Composition.Every bit occupancy a cycle, address or data bit totally 8.Position value with signal voltage comparator signal receiving point not
Overturning overturns to send position signal " 0 " to send position signal " 1 ".Microcontroller recorded during transmitting-receiving effective address or
Data bits and the occupied digit of erase process show ground when wherein effective address or data bits reach 8 digit of setting
Location or data bit transmission terminate.Wherein the first signal set point of address or data bit is transmitting-receiving address or data, second signal
Set point is confirmation or the information that the first signal set point of erasing is sent, and sending " 1 " is confirmation, and sending " 0 " is erasing.Start bit
It is to start to send that middle signal voltage comparator, which sends " 0 " in the first signal set point, and sending " 0 " in second signal set point is hair
Address frame is sent, sending " 1 " is data frame.Stop bits is in the first signal set point to send " 1 " end, and second signal set point is not
With.
The compensation of signal transmitting and receiving location error: China's sinusoidal ac mains frequency be 50Hz, voltage effective value 220V,
Its instantaneous voltage u is calculated by following formula:
U=Umsin100 π t；………………………….………….1
In formula: UmFor China's network voltage peak value
As shown in Figure 1, system is crossed at 0 using the voltage of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage as start time to the first signal set point
Time interval be nominal value Tm1；The voltage of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is crossed at 0 as start time to second signal set point
Time interval is nominal value Tm2.The Tm1And Tm2It is calculated by 1 formula, u is to set all wave voltages in formula.
Simultaneously measured 0 voltage comparator the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage mistake 0 overturn when time arrived for start time
The real-time measurement values T of time interval of the signal voltage comparator when the first signal location is overturnc1；This spent for 0 flip-flop transition when being
Between starting point to signal voltage comparator second signal position overturn when time interval real-time measurement values Tc2；Signal voltage ratio
It was arrived when second signal position is overturn between time of 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of cycle positive half cycle descending branch is overturn compared with device
Every real-time measurement values Tc3；Cross 0 voltage comparator the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage of two adjacent cycles mistake 0 overturn when
Between between be divided into cycle period real-time measurement values Tzu.
Since power grid crosses the left and right shake that 0 error showed as at 0 point, but sending and receiving end synchronized 0 and to cross 0 overturning as base
Locating tab assembly cycle time parameter, crossing 0 shake influences very little to measurement cycle time parameter, therefore ignores 0 voltage comparator and cross 0
Overturning and timing error.When the cycle and its two adjacent cycles that detect are cycle period reality that is true, being detected simultaneously by
When measured value Tzu in 20ms and its error range, measure the cycle to cross 0 voltage comparator in the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage
The a reference value T of time interval when crossing 0 overturning for start time to signal voltage comparator when the first signal location is overturnc01
The a reference value that 0 overturning is time interval of the start time to signal voltage comparator when second signal position is overturn is crossed with this
Tc02, save the obtained a reference value T of continuously measurement of a setting number in 30 to 50c01And Tc02And it calculates and is saved
Tc01Average value Tp1With the T savedc02Average value Tp2, by Tp1And Tp2It is stored in corresponding storage unit.
The then error compensation value T of signal voltage comparator flip-flop transitionbIt is determined by following formula:
Tb={ (Tm2- Tm1)-(Tp2- Tp1)}÷2；... ... ... ... 2 by TbIt saves.TbIllustrate reality for timing
The position of signal transmitting and receiving point is higher.
Measurement described above, wherein Tc1Or Tc01It is to cross 0 voltage comparator and signal voltage comparator in cycle just half
Week crossed on the basis of the flip-flop transition of 0 position and signal location, but actual measurement is after overturning triggering interruption with voltage comparator
On the basis of the timing time of timer, in this way, having served as triggering after mistake 0 of 0 voltage comparator in the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is overturn
The process for interrupting and starting timer, there are time for each instructions, it need to be added in the timing time of the measurement；Meanwhile institute
The timing time for stating measurement, which need to subtract the triggering after the overturning of the first signal location, to interrupt and reads the instruction of process of timer and hold
The row time.The execution time for also needing an instruction being carrying out comprising microcontroller after overturning is interrupted in triggering after wherein overturning,
It can postpone interruption, and microcontroller STC15F2K60S is the single-chip microcontroller of 1T, this is easy to obtain the instruction time.Second
Signal location measures Tc2Or Tc02Similarly, T is measuredc3When be also similar to above.
The judgement of the cycle true and false: by Tc1With Tp1；Tc2With Tp2；Tzu makes comparisons respectively with 20ms, if fair at it respectively
Perhaps in cycle error range, then the cycle signal detected is very, otherwise to there is more overproof, the cycle detected
Signal is false.Not in communication period and in the T of communication periodc1With Tp1；It is respectively set not when Tc2 makes comparisons respectively with Tp2
Same cycle error range, since the first signal location of communication period and second signal position are shifted, and takes biggish cycle
Error range.
Clock timer and synchrotimer is arranged in system, and wherein synchrotimer saves each cycle period and counted with 20ms
The cycle period aggregate-value of calculation is as synchronization time.When above-mentioned judgement cycle signal is true, saves Tzu and take 20ms and synchronometer
When device timing time be added, the value that will add up restores in synchrotimer, if the cycle signal detected be it is false, will be all
Wave signal is timing time during the vacation compared with 20ms is multiplied by the product for cycle during the vacation, if in error range,
20ms is taken to be added multiplied by the product for cycle during the vacation with synchrotimer timing time, when detecting that cycle signal is again
The time synchronisation time is accurately corrected when true, and otherwise using cycle signal is timing time and synchrotimer timing during the vacation
Time is added.It is ± 0.1Hz when generally running, when the relative error since power system frequency deviation allowable value is 0.2Hz
When more than 6ms, illustrate that power grid has occurred compared with major break down.
The synchronization of signal transmitting and receiving: communication is realized under control synchronization time.Communication transmits multiple information frames each time, often
At the beginning of secondary communication use synchronization time, be it is preset or by zone controller instruct arrange, according to power grid quality and letter
Number structure needs the data bit occupancy in each frame information 1 to multiple setting byte numbers, and power grid quality takes well biggish set
Determine byte number.The clock timer time there are two cycle period is stayed after each frame traffic, for updating Tc1、Tc2And Tc3。
Start the communication of next frame later, if detecting that cycle signal is vacation in a frame traffic, retransmits the information frame.
Realize that the cycle in communication sequentially synchronizes by the start bit of each frame information, stop bits in the sending and receiving end of the communication information
It connects.Zone controller or intelligent electric energy meter measure respectively and store T in the call duration time gap of described two framesc1、Tc2With
Tc3, and calculate separately two real-time measurement values Tc1Average value Tk1、Tc2Average value Tk2And Tc3Average value Tk3, and deposit respectively
Enter two groups of storage units, i.e. Tc1、Tc2And Tc3Storage unit and Tk1、Tk2And Tk3Storage unit, when from storage unit take out Tk1、
Tk2And Tk3After reset two groups of storage units.The storage unit can store 16 real-time measurement values Tc1、Tc2And Tc3.It is not communicating
Period measures continuous 16 real-time measurement values T respectivelyc1、Tc2And Tc3If screen to cycle signal be it is false, described in clearing
Tc1、Tc2And Tc3Respective storage unit, continue to measure when screening to cycle signal is true and store, it is every when being filled with to be stored in one
A Tc1、Tc2And Tc3, first remove a T being stored at firstc1、Tc2And Tc3, while number is taken out by a setting in 2 to 15,
Take out one group of T being finally stored inc1、Tc2And Tc3, when power grid quality difference, number is taken out in the smaller setting of choosing, and calculating is taken out each
The T of groupc1Average value Tk1、Tc2Average value Tk2And Tc3Average value Tk3And replace the T originally savedk1、Tk2And Tk3, use
Average value Tk1、Tk2And Tk3Reduce the influence of network voltage and frequency fluctuation.
Send the determination of signal time: communication is implemented in the single-phase phase line in a transformer platform area of power grid,
And it makes an appointment by the synchrotimer time and starts call duration time.Holding with address information is first broadcasted by zone controller when communication
Hand signal, when zone controller requires some intelligent electric energy meter to zone controller feedback information, the intelligent electric energy meter just to
Zone controller sends information.Zone controller or intelligent electric energy meter receive and send messages it in the communication synchronization time made an appointment
Before, it is necessary to it screens out continuous no less than 16 grid cyclic waves, i.e., has no less than 16 in real-time measurement storage unit
Tc1、Tc2And Tc3If continuous 16 T are not detectedc1、Tc2And Tc3It is then sequentially delayed until detecting 16.Hair
Sending end takes out T from storage unitk1、Tk2And Tk3Value add T respectivelyb, obtain the practical transmitting-receiving of the first signal with error compensation
Point Td1With the practical sending point T of second signald2:
Td1=Tk1-Tb；…………………………………………3
Td2=Tk2+Tb；…………………………………………4
The practical receiving point T of second signal with error compensationd3:
Td3=Tk3-Tb；…………………………………………5
Save Td1、Td2And Td3In respective storage unit.Send T after each frame informationk1、Tk2And Tk3All it is updated.
When sending signal, microcontroller uses T respectivelyd1And Td2As switching signal timer timing midpoint and according to
Used rectangular wave broad pulse voltage levels take certain offset, then using the spaced time of rectangular wave broad pulse as switch
The timing length of signal timing device is easy to calculate high-speed power control switch turn-on time point, that is, is used for Td1Point sends rectangle
The setting sending time T of wave broad pulsef1And Td2The setting sending time T of the rectangular wave broad pulse of pointf2:
Tf1=Td1(Tm/ 2)-Tan；…………………………………6
Tf2=Td2(Tm/ 2)-Tan；…………………………………7
T in formulamFor signal rectangular wave broad pulse width, TanFor the offset.
In the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage, since rectangular wave broad pulse loads on the initial stage of cycle positive half cycle, the wide arteries and veins of rectangular wave
Rush that the voltage more therefore transmitted rectangular wave broad pulses high relative to all wave voltages are more powerful, the signal of generation receives
Point displacement is more, and the generation displacement is uneven, electric in the other time segment signal voltage comparator setting overturning of loading procedure
Pressure, has been moved off the voltage location of signal receiving point；Cycle positive half cycle descending branch is then to load on cycle in rectangular wave broad pulse
The signal receiving point displacement that the latter stage of process generates is more, in this way, according to the rectangular wave broad pulse voltage actually used, through testing
It measures receiving point and shifts the midpoint for determining the switching signal timer time of transmitting terminal and Td1Or Td2Between offset
Tan, receive signal more reliable.
Signal transmission process: transmitting terminal is crossed the overturning of 0 voltage comparator in cycle positive half cycle ascent stage cycle and was generated in 0
It is disconnected, through the T that is delayedi1Or Ti2Afterwards, the time after being delayed falls in the signal sending point of all wave voltage settings, and firing switch signal is fixed
When device and connect high-speed power control switch for single rectangular wave broad pulse voltage superposition on grid cyclic wave, power frequency base can be made
Wave is in Td1Or Td2Voltage generate small displacement on a timeline, and certain harmonic wave can be injected to system.
If crossing interrupt handling routine after 0 interruption, starting measurement Tc1Timer with connect switching signal timer instruction
The execution time is Tin
When to Td1When sending signal:
Ti=Tf1-Tin；………………………………………………8
When to Td2When sending signal:
Ti2=Tf2-Tin.……………………………………………9
TiAnd Ti2Signaling point displacement of the value also according to receiving end how many adjust in real time.
Closing high-speed power control switch in the interrupt service program when interrupting is overflowed in switching signal timer timing, thus
Complete a signal modulation process.
In view of the decaying of signals transmission, and demodulation is using cycle voltage over zero as time reference, in this way
In Long Distant Transmit, the cycle voltage phase difference of sending and receiving end will cause setting and receives signal time position and actual signal signal
Occur deviation between time location and shadow communication performance, therefore when not taking the method for eliminating deviation, communication distance is limited
System is in same transformer platform area.
The demodulation of signal: signal voltage comparator of the receiving end when receiving signal is in the first signal location real-time measurement
Tc1Subtract TbRear value and the T being finally stored in is taken out from memoryc1Previous Tc1Subtract TbValue afterwards make comparisons whether
Within the scope of the signal errors of permission, determine that the first signal location receives position value in signal；Signal voltage comparator is second
The T of signal location real-time measurementc3Subtract TbRear value and the T being finally stored in is taken out from memoryc3Previous Tc3Subtract Tb
Whether value afterwards makes comparisons within the scope of the signal errors of permission, determines that second signal position receives position value in signal.
The control of signal transmitting power: when transmitting terminal switching signal timer fires and high-speed power control switch is connected
Afterwards, the external interrupt mouth of microcontroller opening signal receiving end immediately detects signal voltage comparator in cycle positive half cycle first
The flip-flop transition of signal location and second signal position, with Td1And Td3It compares and whether shifts and its shift amount, if signal is electric
Press comparator flip-flop transition closer to Td1, illustrate to send rectangular wave broad pulse energy is relatively smaller or electric network impedance relatively
It is low.
If the signal voltage comparator flip-flop transition of measurement is closer to Td1, then microcontroller control high-speed power, which controls, opens
It closes and increases rectangular wave broad pulse voltage, if signal voltage comparator flip-flop transition is closer to Td2Then reduce Ti2Time.
(4) Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is grid cyclic wave receiving and transmitting signal position data relation schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is a kind of circuit structure block diagram of factory and enterprise electric energy detection management system.
(5) specific embodiment:
A kind of factory and enterprise electric energy detection management system circuit structure block diagram is as shown in Figure 2.Including zone controller and
Multiple intelligent electric energy meters.Zone controller is by signal sending end A, signal receiving end B, keyboard display module 10, network interface mould
Block 2 and micro controller module 1 are constituted.Intelligent electric energy meter is by signal sending end A, signal receiving end B, electric energy computation chip module 11
It is constituted with micro controller module 1, zone controller and intelligent electric energy meter use the power line communication.Total station control is to be located at
The computer management system of top layer is made of router and computer.
Signal sending end A, signal receiving end B and the micro-control of power line communication described in zone controller and intelligent electric energy meter
Device module 1 processed is identical with the hardware configuration of power module 4.
The signal sending end A of the power line communication is made of high-speed power control switch 5, switching signal timer 3, electricity
Net voltage is connected to high-speed power control switch output end.
The signal receiving end B of the power line communication is compared by twin voltage comparator 7, High-speed Control switch 6,0 voltage excessively
Device 8 and signal voltage comparator 9 are constituted.Grid cyclic wave connects after electric resistance partial pressure with 7 input terminal of twin voltage comparator, crosses 0 electricity
Pressure comparator 8 and signal voltage comparator 9 are all made of ns grades of high speed voltage comparator MAX319.The high-speed power control is opened
Pass is a kind of controllable DC-DC power source switch, and D/C voltage height is used as signal electric after being converted by adjusting pulsewidth duty cycle adjustment
Pressure.
Micro controller module 1 uses High Speed Microcontroller STC15F2K60S, this is a kind of single clock/machine cycle (1T)
Single-chip microcontroller, speed ratio STC12 also fast 20% is high speed/low-power consumption/superpower jamproof 8051 single-chip microcontroller of new generation, no AD
Conversion.
The single-phase firewire and zero curve of power grid connect the input port of signal sending end output port and receiving end, wherein power grid
Zero line grounding end.The window region network voltage control is in 55V voltage range, machine shell protective grounding, and has high voltage
The security warning in area, trouble hunting should install the isolating transformer that no-load voltage ratio is 1:1 additional, avoid because of failure accidental shock.
Network Interface Module 2 in zone controller, which uses, is integrated with the W5100 Ethernet mould of TCP/IP hardware protocol stacks
Block, or use other network interface chips.High Speed Microcontroller STC15F2K60S and Network Interface Module 2 in micro controller module 1
Between use SPI serial bus communication mode, data to be sent are reached into W5100, are then passed through data by W5100 subpackage
Internet is dealt into total station control.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of implementation method of factory and enterprise electric energy detection management system, inclusion region controller and each intelligent electric energy meter, are adopted
With power line communication method, the Network Interface Module by being integrated with TCP/IP hardware protocol stacks accesses internet, so as to
Remote computation machine management system is accessed using computer and handheld mobile device, it is characterised in that:
The power line communication is the accurate positioning by the signal sending point and signal receiving point that set to grid cyclic wave voltage
It realizes communication, sends a rectangular wave broad pulse of communication positive or negative pole in the signal sending point of setting to generate mutation
Electric current, the mutation current cause a voltage drop to be superimposed on grid voltage waveform on the short-circuit impedance of distribution transformer, from
And a signal modulation process is completed, the signal receiving point demodulated signal that receiving end is set in grid cyclic wave voltage；It is one
Positive rectangular wave broad pulse refers to that the high level part of pulse returns 0 from 0 to height.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the setting signal sending point in grid cyclic wave voltage and
The modulating and demodulating signal step of setting signal receiving point includes:
It sends: crossing the overturning of 0 voltage comparator when the cycle that the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is arranged in and generated 0 interruption, after being delayed
Time after making it be delayed falls in the signal sending point of all wave voltage settings, and firing switch signal timing device simultaneously connects high-speed power
Control switch, by single positive pulse voltage Signal averaging on grid cyclic wave；
It receives: the low-voltage window being made of the threshold range of high threshold voltage and low threshold voltage being arranged by twin voltage comparator
Mouth region, when all wave voltages of input fall in the low-voltage window region of twin voltage comparator setting, makes under microcontroller control
High-speed Control switch in an ON state, signal voltage comparator directly all wave voltages signal receive position receive signal and
Cycle time parameter is measured, received signal is determined whether in the signal receiving point error range of setting, in low-voltage window
Make High-speed Control switch in an off state other than mouth region.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the signal sending point and signal receiving point of setting are in power grid
The voltage of cycle positive half cycle, which is crossed at 0, was arranged 0 voltage comparator, in a setting cycle voltage location of grid cyclic wave positive half cycle
Setting signal voltage comparator, the output of the signal voltage comparator a cycle positive half cycle all wave voltages of setting two
Realize overturning in a position；The cycle positive half cycle ascent stage the setting cycle voltage location as the first signal location, set
The cycle voltage location for determining signal transmitting and receiving point is known as the first signal set point, in the setting cycle of cycle positive half cycle descending branch
Voltage location is known as second signal set point as second signal position, the cycle voltage location of setting signal transmitting-receiving point；
Specifically, the signal voltage comparator is that one be arranged between voltage 21V -40V of grid cyclic wave positive half cycle sets
Determine cycle voltage location.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by:
Rectangular wave broad pulse voltage-drop loading is set in the positive 35V of the signal sending point on grid cyclic wave to the voltage value between 60V；
The width value of rectangular wave broad pulse voltage is 0.3ms~0.5ms；Signal code value 1A -20A can be provided.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein including confirmation in the signal receiving point demodulated signal of setting
Or the signal that erasing is sent from the signal sending point of setting, during transmitting terminal sends signal, signal transmitted by transmitting terminal is same
When receiving end receive, if received position value information is different from the position value information of transmission, then send the wiping of this
Except signal, each data bit is erasable in each frame information and retransmits, if wiping unsuccessful, i.e. transmission erasing twice in succession
The signal of frame.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, institute's rheme value is received with signal voltage comparator in signal
Point does not overturn to send position signal " 0 ", overturns to send position signal " 1 ", wherein the first signal set point of address or data bit
For transmitting-receiving address or data, second signal set point is confirmation or the information that the first signal set point of erasing is sent, and sending " 1 " is
Confirmation, sending " 0 " is erasing, and it is to start to send that signal voltage comparator, which sends " 0 " in the first signal set point, in start bit,
It is to send address frame that second signal set point, which sends " 0 ", and sending " 1 " is data frame, and stop bits is in the first signal set point to send out
" 1 " is sent to terminate, second signal set point does not have to.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein the signal sending point of setting and the accurate of signal receiving point are determined
Position includes the error compensation of set signal sending point and signal receiving point, while crossing 0 voltage comparator and signal voltage ratio
Ns grades of high speed voltage comparators and High Speed Microcontroller are all made of compared with device.
8. according to claim 1 and method of claim 7, which is characterized in that signal sending point and signal receiving point
It is accurately positioned and its compensation method of error is that first computing system is crossed at 0 using the voltage of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage as start time
Time interval to the first signal set point is nominal value Tm1；The voltage of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is crossed at 0 to be arrived for start time
The time interval of second signal set point is nominal value Tm2；
And time of 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage overturns was measured as start time to signal electricity
Press the real-time measurement values T of time interval of the comparator when the first signal location is overturnc1；This spent for 0 flip-flop transition as start time
To the real-time measurement values T of time interval of the signal voltage comparator when second signal position is overturnc2；Signal voltage comparator exists
The reality of time interval of 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of cycle positive half cycle descending branch is overturn was arrived in second signal position when overturning
When measured value Tc3；Cross time interval of 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage of two adjacent cycles is overturn
For cycle period real-time measurement values Tzu；
When the cycle and its two adjacent cycles that detect are true, the cycle period real-time measurement values Tzu being detected simultaneously by
In 20ms and its error range, the cycle is measured to cross 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is overturn and be
The a reference value T of time interval of the start time to signal voltage comparator when the first signal location is overturnc010 overturning is crossed with this
For a reference value T of time interval of the start time to signal voltage comparator when second signal position is overturnc02, save 30 to
The obtained a reference value T of continuously measurement of a setting number in 50c01And Tc02And calculate saved Tc01Average value Tp1
With the T savedc02Average value Tp2, by Tp1And Tp2It is stored in corresponding storage unit；
The then error compensation value T of signal voltage comparator flip-flop transitionbIt is determined by following formula:
Tb={ (Tm2- Tm1)-(Tp2- Tp1)}÷2；
By TbIt saves, TbIllustrate that the position of actual signal transmitting-receiving point is higher for timing；
The extremely multiple setting byte number of the data bit occupancy in each frame information 1 is needed according to power grid quality and signal structure,
The clock timer time there are two cycle period is stayed after each frame traffic, for updating Tc1、Tc2And Tc3, start later
The communication of next frame retransmits the information frame if detecting that cycle signal is vacation in a frame traffic；
It realizes that the cycle in communication sequentially synchronizes by the start bit of each frame information, stop bits and connects in the sending and receiving end of the communication information
Continuous, zone controller or intelligent electric energy meter measure respectively and store T in the call duration time gap of described two framesc1、Tc2And Tc3,
And calculate separately two real-time measurement values Tc1Average value Tk1、Tc2Average value Tk2And Tc3Average value Tk3, and be stored in respectively
Two groups of storage units, i.e. Tc1、Tc2And Tc3Storage unit and Tk1、Tk2And Tk3Storage unit, when from storage unit take out Tk1、
Tk2And Tk3After reset two groups of storage units, the storage unit can store 16 real-time measurement values Tc1、Tc2And Tc3, do not communicating
Period measures continuous 16 real-time measurement values T respectivelyc1、Tc2And Tc3If screen to cycle signal be it is false, described in clearing
Tc1、Tc2And Tc3Respective storage unit, continue to measure when screening to cycle signal is true and store, it is every when being filled with to be stored in one
A Tc1、Tc2And Tc3, first remove a T being stored at firstc1、Tc2And Tc3, while number is taken out by a setting in 2 to 15,
Take out one group of T being finally stored inc1、Tc2And Tc3, when power grid quality difference, number is taken out in the smaller setting of choosing, and calculating is taken out each
The T of groupc1Average value Tk1、Tc2Average value Tk2And Tc3Average value Tk3And replace the T originally savedk1、Tk2And Tk3；
It sends the determination of signal time: continuous no less than 16 grid cyclic waves must be screened out before receiving and sending messages, i.e., in fact
When measurement storage unit in have no less than 16 Tc1、Tc2And Tc3If continuous 16 T are not detectedc1、Tc2And Tc3
It is then sequentially delayed until detecting 16, transmitting terminal takes out T from storage unitk1、Tk2And Tk3Value add T respectivelyb,
Obtain the practical transmitting-receiving point T of the first signal with error compensationd1With the practical sending point T of second signald2:
Td1=Tk1- Tb；
Td2=Tk2+Tb；
The practical receiving point T of second signal with error compensationd3:
Td3=Tk3- Tb；
Save Td1、Td2And Td3In respective storage unit, T after each frame information is sentk1、Tk2And Tk3All it is updated；
When sending signal, microcontroller uses T respectivelyd1And Td2As switching signal timer timing midpoint and according to being used
Rectangular wave broad pulse voltage levels take certain offset, then using the spaced time of rectangular wave broad pulse as switching signal determine
When device timing length, be easy to calculate high-speed power control switch turn-on time point, that is, be used for Td1Point sends the wide arteries and veins of rectangular wave
The setting sending time T of punchingf1And Td2The setting sending time T of the rectangular wave broad pulse of pointf2:
Tf1=Td1(Tm/ 2)-Tan；
Tf2=Td2(Tm/ 2)-Tan；
T in formulamFor signal rectangular wave broad pulse width, TanFor the offset；
Rectangular wave broad pulse loads on the initial stage of cycle positive half cycle, and rectangular wave broad pulse voltage is high more relative to all wave voltages
More, the signal receiving point displacement of generation is more, and cycle positive half cycle descending branch is then to load on cycle process in rectangular wave broad pulse
The signal receiving point displacement that generates of latter stage it is more, generate the uneven of the displacement, shift and determine through test measurement receiving point
The midpoint of the switching signal timer time of transmitting terminal and Td1Or Td2Between offset Tan；
Signal transmission process: grid cyclic wave voltage is connected to high-speed power control switch output port through sending, when cycle positive half cycle
The cycle of ascent stage crosses the overturning of 0 voltage comparator and generated 0 interruption, through the T that is delayedi1Or Ti2Afterwards, firing switch signal timing device is simultaneously
Connecting high-speed power control switch can make fundamental frequency in T by single positive pulse voltage Signal averaging on grid cyclic waved1
Or Td2Voltage generate small displacement on a timeline；
If crossing interrupt handling routine after 0 interruption, starting measurement Tc1Timer with connect switching signal timer instruction execution
Time is Tin
When to Td1When sending signal:
Ti=Tf1- Tin；
When to Td2When sending signal:
Ti2=Tf2- Tin；
TiAnd Ti2Signaling point displacement of the value also according to receiving end how many adjust in real time；
Closing high-speed power control switch in the interrupt service program when interrupting is overflowed in switching signal timer timing, to complete
Signal modulation process；
Above-mentioned TiAnd Ti2Value also according to receiving end signaling point displacement it is how many adjust in real time, method are as follows: if the letter of measurement
Number voltage comparator flip-flop transition is closer to Td1, then microcontroller control high-speed power control switch increases rectangular wave broad pulse electricity
Pressure, if signal voltage comparator flip-flop transition is closer to Td2Then reduce Ti2Time.
9. a kind of device of factory and enterprise electric energy detection management system, it is characterised in that including,
Signal sending end, signal receiving end and the microcontroller mould of power line communication described in zone controller and intelligent electric energy meter
The hardware configuration of block is identical,
The signal sending end of the power line communication is made of high-speed power control switch, switching signal timer,
The signal receiving end of the power line communication is switched by twin voltage comparator, High-speed Control, crosses 0 voltage comparator and signal
Voltage comparator is constituted.
10. device according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the signal receiving end of the power line communication is by power grid
All wave voltages are through High-speed Control switch control, and only in two low-voltage window regions of cycle positive half cycle, directly filtering is followed by after conditioning
To signal voltage comparator input terminal, High-speed Control switch only open by the low-voltage window region around signal transmitting and receiving point, isolation
Grid cyclic wave high voltage, signal voltage comparator directly receive position in the signal of all wave voltages and receive signal and measurement cycle
Time parameter；
The signal sending end of the power line communication, network voltage are connected to high-speed power control switch output end, in cycle just half
All ascent stage cycles cross the overturning of 0 voltage comparator and generated 0 interruption, through the T that is delayedi1Or Ti2Afterwards, firing switch signal timing device is simultaneously
High-speed power control switch is connected, by single rectangular wave broad pulse voltage superposition on grid cyclic wave.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2018105914106 | 2018-06-10 | ||
| CN201810591410 | 2018-06-10 |
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| CN201810822323.7A Withdrawn CN108957191A (en) | 2018-06-10 | 2018-07-24 | A kind of factory and enterprise electric energy detection management system |
| CN201910340755.9A Withdrawn CN109921831A (en) | 2018-06-10 | 2019-04-25 | A kind of factory and enterprise electric energy detection management system |
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