CN109888471A - An optoelectronic integrated receiving antenna for space communication and its working method - Google Patents
An optoelectronic integrated receiving antenna for space communication and its working method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109888471A CN109888471A CN201910084346.7A CN201910084346A CN109888471A CN 109888471 A CN109888471 A CN 109888471A CN 201910084346 A CN201910084346 A CN 201910084346A CN 109888471 A CN109888471 A CN 109888471A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antennas and its working method, belong to space communication field, including main radio frequency surface, center spherical surface optical surface, secondary reflection mirror, spherical aberration correction device, vertex optical bench and feed；Main radio frequency surface is hemispherical, and main radio frequency surface is provided with coating panel, and center spherical surface optical surface is located at the center on main radio frequency surface, is provided with optical receiver in the optical bench of vertex；Main radio frequency surface, center spherical surface optical surface, secondary reflection mirror, spherical aberration correction device and vertex optical bench are supported by support construction.The present invention, which can synchronize, realizes radio communication and laser space communication operation, the data transfer rate that can effectively improve communications increases, it also reduces and individual radio-frequency antenna and optical antenna bring cost and Operating Complexity is respectively set, transmission data rate is big, good confidentiality, is suitable for space communication especially field of deep space communication.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antennas and its working method, belong to space communication skill
Art field.
Background technique
Traditional space communication is to utilize radiofrequency signal, and laser space communication is recognized extensively because of its high data transmission rate
To be that future space explores important technology development field.Optical communication link is best suited for high-speed, the downloading of the data of large capacity,
Also have many advantages, such as good confidentiality, electromagnetism interference.Many countries are all carrying out laser space communication research at present.
102891358 A of Chinese patent literature CN is disclosed " a kind of radio-frequency antenna ", and the setting of polyhedral structure side is multiple
Radiofrequency antenna made of metamaterial allows the radiofrequency antenna made of metamaterial on each side of polyhedron independently to cover specific region, real
Existing certain space or the preferable signal covering of the total space, being capable of the larger integral radiation efficiency for improving radio-frequency antenna.
109167189 A of Chinese patent literature CN discloses " a kind of satellite antenna ", including antenna pot and chassis, and
Piezoelectric energy collector is set on the chassis below antenna pot, converts electric energy for the vibration of antenna pot and recycles, economize on resources.
105449372 A of Chinese patent literature CN discloses " a kind of optical antenna based on visible light communication ", has small
In the LED collimation lens of 5 ° of light emitting angles, the visible light communication of overlength distance is realized, is suitable for wireless communication at a distance and passes
Defeated system.
105827310 A of Chinese patent literature CN discloses that " a kind of multipoint laser communication based on wide-angle beam expanding lens is used up
Learn antenna ", the echo signal in orientation complete cycle, pitching polarizers of big angle scope is received using the realization of wide-angle beam expanding lens, is utilized
Double wedge groups are carried out while being tracked to multiple targets, using cassette shrink beam system, the light beam that large-aperture optical antenna is received
Bore is compressed, and the bore of follow-up system is reduced, and is reduced fabrication design difficulty and is conducive to the small light of optical system, has
Conducive to dimensional orientation very close to multiple communication targets carry out laser communication simultaneously.
Above patent document all only provides single radio-frequency antenna or optical antenna, cannot synchronize and realize optic communication and penetrate
Frequency traffic operation.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna and its work
Method, in conjunction with the severe weather conditions stable operation advantage of big data rate the transmission advantage and radio frequency link of optical communication link, together
Step realizes optic communication and radio communication operation.
Term is explained:
ITO coating: also commonly referred to as ITO electro-conductive glass is utilized on the basis of sodium calcium base or silicon boryl substrate glass
A variety of methods such as sputtering, evaporation plate indium oxide layer tin (being commonly called as ITO) film and manufacture.The main ingredient of ITO coating
It is tin indium oxide, is indium tin oxide transparent conductive semiconductor coating.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, including main radio frequency surface, center
Spherical optics surface, secondary reflector, spherical aberration correction device, vertex optical bench and feed；
The main radio frequency surface is hemispherical, can also be close to hemispherical, and the main radio frequency surface is provided with coating panel,
For providing radio frequency and optical reflection；The center spherical surface optical surface is located at the center on the main radio frequency surface, the center
Spherical optics surface is disposed with the secondary reflector, spherical aberration correction device and vertex optical bench, described
It is provided with optical receiver in the optical bench of vertex, directly optical signal is handled, reduces optical link and radio frequency link
Between interference；
The main radio frequency surface, center spherical surface optical surface, secondary reflector, spherical aberration correction device and vertex optics work
Make platform to support by support construction, the support construction includes being used to support secondary reflector, spherical aberration correction device and top
Four foot of the hinge type primary mirror support of point optical bench and the bottom for being used to support main radio frequency surface and center spherical surface optical surface
Seat supports.Support construction, such as four foot support frame of hinge type primary mirror, it is necessary to not interfere the necessary structural elements of existing antenna
Mode is implemented, and the greatest optical principal focal distance of antenna of the invention can be supported by first positioning the pedestal on the main radio frequency surface of antenna,
Then the support of operation four foot of hinge type primary mirror is to realize.
In order to obtain maximum flexibility, main radio frequency surface can be divided into four big group, and every group of zone of action is only limitted to not
The region covered by antenna vertex structure or related support structure.
Preferably, the main radio frequency table face includes that nine rows aluminize coating panel, and every row aluminizes coating panel along the circumferential direction
Arrangement, annular in shape, remoter from main radio frequency centre of surface, the radius of circular coating panel of aluminizing is bigger.
Preferably, the coating panel of aluminizing is made of the glass panel of a large amount of hexagonal structures, the side length of glass panel
For 0.6~1m etc., smaller size can have drawn from inexpensive reflecting telescope, and larger size can have drawn from suitable inexpensive mirror
The most wide useful size of blank material material, anodic oxidation aluminized coating is plated on the glass panel surface, and covers one layer of durable coating, durable painting
Layer such as TiO2/SiO2, lasting and suitable optics and radio frequency reflection, to provide radio frequency and optical reflection.
Preferably, the main radio frequency surface is divided into four big groups, every group is made of multiple pieces of glass panel, every piece of glass surface
Plate is a minor structure, and the center of hexagonal structure is the center of minor structure, the line at the center of minor structure to secondary reflector
Perpendicular to glass panel, the minor structure can be tilted and be moved on the vector axis at the center at its center to secondary reflector,
Its process is that normal direction movement is controlled using the vector length at minor structure center and secondary reflector center, utilizes the vector length
Rotary motion is controlled with perpendicular to main radio frequency surface and by the vector angle of central point, is achieved in the inclination and shifting of minor structure
It is dynamic, to compensate the variation that antenna structure occurs under the conditions ofs the different elevations angle, temperature etc., herein, the present invention to realize inclination and
The mechanical structure of move mode can flexible design according to the actual situation, the prior art can be used, as long as being able to achieve above-mentioned movement i.e.
Can, such as cooperated using threaded rod, universal shaft.
Preferably, in order to accommodate center spherical surface optical surface, the aluminize center of coating panel of nine rows two rows of (is penetrated from master
The nearest two rows of frequency centre of surface) it removes as optical region, the center spherical surface optical surface is located on optical region position,
The center spherical surface optical surface is made of 64 reflecting mirrors, is divided into 4 units, and each unit includes 16 reflecting mirrors, often
A reflecting mirror includes that three actuators and a support plate, each unit are supported by frame assembly, the support plate of each reflecting mirror
It is connected in the pedestal support on the main radio frequency surface by frame assembly.Actuator is used to execute and control the inclination of reflecting mirror
Angle and movement are connected with pedestal support, and the specific structure of actuator can be selected according to the prior art, and frame assembly offer can connect
The rigidity received, to resist movement caused by the gravitational load on antenna different directions.
Center spherical surface optical surface of the invention and its related sub-structures, such as reflecting mirror, actuator, support plate, exist
Above the position of main radio frequency surface, in order to simplify maintenance or debugging, minor structure can be fixed by bolts, is aligned and position
Weldering, rather than use full weldering.
Preferably, the secondary reflector includes the optics annular meniscus lens at center and the radio frequency reflection portion of aluminium coated
Point, effective radio frequency reflection is provided；The optics annular meniscus lens surface is coated with ITO coating, and ITO coating can be believed through light
Number and effective radio frequency reflection is provided, realize optics and radio frequency separation, cover one layer of argon coating, argon coating on the ITO coating
Effect be increase optical signal transmitance.
Preferably, the spherical aberration correction device is arranged between the secondary reflector and vertex optical bench, institute
It states vertex optical bench to communicate with spherical aberration correction device, the optical signal of center spherical surface optical surface reflection, through spherical aberration
It is directed into vertex optical bench after corrector, optical receiver is set in the optical bench of vertex, directly optical signal is carried out
Processing, reduces the interference between optical link and radio frequency link；The spherical aberration correction device includes shell, multiple reflecting mirrors
The intrinsic spherical aberration in main radio frequency surface, the additional picture that correction lens apply can be corrected using three balsaming lens with three balsaming lens
Difference, and the radio frequency amount for reaching optical receiver is minimized.
In the present invention, spherical aberration correction device and its shell are mounted on secondary counter in the case where not changing antenna structure
Between emitter and vertex optical bench, the shell of spherical aberration correction device connects with secondary reflector, rationally utilizes antenna top
Portion space makes spherical aberration correction device and vertex optical bench have enough height；Among in spherical aberration correction device
Reflecting mirror be it is flat, can be tilted at a predetermined angle according to antenna elevation angle and atmospheric conditions, spherical aberration correction device may be provided at
It inside secondary reflector, and is protected, therefore can be worked under daytime and night conditions by shell, without being covered according to weather condition
And opening.
Preferably, the feed is located at the center spherical surface at the radiofrequency signal convergence that the secondary reflector reflects
The central area of optical surface is connected with pedestal support.
On the other hand, the present invention provides a kind of working method of above-mentioned space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, light
It learns in link, the optical signal from signal transmitting terminal passes through secondary reflector after center spherical surface optical surface is received and reflected
The optics annular meniscus lens at center reaches spherical aberration correction device, enters after completing aberration correction positioned at vertex optical bench
Optical receiver, received by optical receiver and carry out subsequent processing；
In radio frequency link, the radiofrequency signal from signal transmitting terminal receives through main radio frequency surface and is reflected into secondary reflection
Then device is reflected into feed by secondary reflector again, received and handled.
It is worth noting that, the collection of antenna radio-frequency signal uses phase coherence homogeneous radiation, to provide in the present invention
Maximum available gain allows to improve radio frequency as cost to sacrifice optical property during main radio frequency surface rf signal reception
Performance changes the formula of radio frequency and optical coating, such as adds including using less collection optics area (only internal two rows of panels)
Thick aluminized coating thickness is penetrated to reduce system noise by the master of large area with sacrificing the cost reduction radio-frequency leakage of optical transport
Frequency surface come compensate due to increase optical system caused by radio frequency link performance loss, to promote Relative system error.
The invention has the benefit that
A kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna and its working method of the invention, in conjunction with optical communication link
Big data rate transmits the severe weather conditions stable operation advantage of advantage and radio frequency link, can synchronize and realize radio communication and sky
Between laser communication operate, compared with prior art, optoelectronic integration receiving antenna is not only synchronous to realize optics and radio-frequency performance, can
Increased with effectively improving the data transfer rate of communications, also reduces and individual radio-frequency antenna and optical antenna bring is respectively set
Cost and Operating Complexity, good confidentiality bigger than the transmission data rate of existing radio-frequency antenna, than existing optical antenna by day gas bar
Part interference is small, is suitable for space communication especially field of deep space communication.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna overall structure diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the side sectional view of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the top view of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the secondary reflector and spherical aberration correction device of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna of the invention
Structural schematic diagram；
Wherein: the main radio frequency surface 1-, the center 2- spherical surface optical surface, 3- secondary reflector, 4- spherical aberration correction device, 5-
Vertex optical bench, 6- support construction, 7- feed, 3a- optics annular meniscus lens, 3b- radio frequency reflection part, tri- glue of 4a-
Close lens.
Specific embodiment:
To keep the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical solution and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing and tool
Body embodiment is described in detail, but is not limited only to this, what the present invention did not elaborated, presses this field routine techniques.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, as shown in figures 1-4, including main radio frequency surface 1, astrosphere
Face optical surface 2, secondary reflector 3, spherical aberration correction device 4, vertex optical bench 5 and feed 7；
Main radio frequency surface 1 is hemispherical, and main radio frequency surface 1 is provided with coating panel, for providing radio frequency and optical reflection；
Center spherical surface optical surface 2 is located at the center on main radio frequency surface 1, and center spherical surface optical surface 2 has been sequentially arranged above secondary counter
Emitter 3, spherical aberration correction device 4 and vertex optical bench 5 are provided with optical receiver in vertex optical bench 5, directly right
Optical signal is handled, and the interference between optical link and radio frequency link is reduced；
Main radio frequency surface 1, center spherical surface optical surface 2, secondary reflector 3, spherical aberration correction device 4 and vertex optics work
Make platform 5 to support by support construction 6, support construction 6 includes being used to support secondary reflector 3, spherical aberration correction device 4 and top
Four foot of the hinge type primary mirror support of point optical bench 5 and it is used to support main radio frequency surface 1 and center spherical surface optical surface 2
Pedestal support.Support construction, such as four foot support frame of hinge type primary mirror, it is necessary to not interfere the necessary structural elements of existing antenna
Mode implement.
As shown in Fig. 2, the 1 reflection kernel region of main radio frequency surface of antenna is center spherical optics surface 2.Light is with solid line
It has been shown that, and radio frequency is then shown in phantom, spherical aberration correction device 4 in the position that spherical surface optical surface 2 reflection light in center converges,
Zonule between antenna secondary reflector 3 and vertex optical bench 5, the radio frequency that feed 7 is reflected in secondary reflector 3
The position of signal gathering, 2 central area of spherical surface optical surface at center are connected with pedestal support.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, structure is as described in Example 1, the difference is that main radio frequency
Surface 1 includes that nine rows aluminize coating panel, and every row coating panel of aluminizing is circumferentially disposed, annular in shape, from main radio frequency table
Face center is remoter, and the radius of circular coating panel of aluminizing is bigger.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, structure is as described in Example 2, the difference is that painting of aluminizing
Deck panels are made of the glass panel of a large amount of hexagonal structures, and the side length of glass panel is that 0.6~1m is differed, and smaller size is desirable
Material is in inexpensive reflecting telescope, and larger size can have drawn from the most wide useful size of suitable inexpensive mirror blank material material, glass
Panel surface plates anodic oxidation aluminized coating, and covers one layer of durable coating, durable coating such as TiO2/SiO2, lasting and suitable optics
And radio frequency reflection, to provide radio frequency and optical reflection.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, structure is as described in Example 3, the difference is that main radio frequency
It is to be made of in four big groups, every group multiple pieces of glass panel that surface 1, which is divided, and every piece of glass panel is a minor structure, hexagon knot
The center of structure is the center of minor structure, and the line at the center of minor structure to secondary reflector is perpendicular to glass panel, minor structure energy
It is enough to tilt and move along the vector axis at its center to the center of secondary reflector 3.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, structure is as described in Example 2, the difference is that in order to hold
It receives center spherical surface optical surface 2, nine rows is aluminized two rows of (i.e. nearest from main radio frequency centre of surface two in center of coating panel
Row) it removes as optical region, center spherical surface optical surface 2 is located on optical region position, and center spherical surface optical surface 2 is by 64
A reflecting mirror composition, is divided into 4 units, and each unit includes 16 reflecting mirrors, each reflecting mirror include three actuators and
One support plate, each unit are supported by frame assembly, and the support plate of each reflecting mirror is connected to main radio frequency by frame assembly
In the pedestal support on surface 1.
As shown in figure 3, main radio frequency surface 1 and center spherical surface optical surface 2 are divided into four by the support of four foot of hinge type primary mirror
A unit can increase flexibility of the invention, and each unit of center spherical surface optical surface 2 includes 16 reflecting mirrors, be shown in master
1 regional center of radio frequency surface is vertex optical bench 5, and intermediate structure is spherical aberration correction device 4, at this point, secondary reflection
Device 3 is not shown in vertex optical bench bottom.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, structure is as described in Example 1, the difference is that secondary counter
Emitter 3 includes the optics annular meniscus lens 3a at center and the radio frequency reflection part 3b of aluminium coated, provides effective radio frequency reflection；
The surface optics annular meniscus lens 3a is coated with ITO coating, and ITO coating can penetrate optical signal and provide effective radio frequency reflection,
It realizes optics and radio frequency separation, covers one layer of argon coating on ITO coating, increase optical signal transmitance.
As shown in figure 4, the dotted line into spherical aberration correction device 4 represents optical signal, the dotted line reflected by secondary reflector 3
Radiofrequency signal is represented, the separation of optical signal and radiofrequency signal is realized by the ITO coating of secondary reflector 3, secondary reflector 3
Surface covering reflected radio-frequency signal effectively realizes optics and radio frequency separation, and optical signal then passes through the light at 3 center of secondary reflector
It learns annular meniscus lens 3a and reaches spherical aberration correction device 4, after reflecting mirrors multiple in spherical aberration correction device 4 reflection, lead to
It crosses three balsaming lens 4a and realizes aberration correction.
Embodiment 7:
A kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, structure is as described in Example 1, the difference is that sphere mapping
Poor corrector 4 is arranged between secondary reflector 3 and vertex optical bench 5, vertex optical bench 5 and spherical aberration correction
Device 4 communicates, the optical signal that center spherical surface optical surface 2 reflects, and optics work in vertex is directed into after spherical aberration correction device 4
Platform 5, vertex optical bench 5 is interior to be arranged optical receiver, directly handles optical signal, reduces optical link and rf chain
Interference between road；Spherical aberration correction device 4 includes shell, multiple reflecting mirrors and three balsaming lens 4a, utilizes three balsaming lens
4a can correct the intrinsic spherical aberration in main radio frequency surface, the additional aberration that correction lens apply, and the radio frequency that will reach optical receiver
Amount minimizes.
Embodiment 8:
A kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, structure is as described in Example 1, the difference is that feed 7 exists
At the radiofrequency signal convergence that secondary reflector 3 reflects, positioned at the central area of center spherical surface optical surface 2, with pedestal support phase
Even.
Embodiment 9:
A kind of working method of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna in optical link, comes from signal transmitting terminal
Optical signals center spherical surface optical surface 2 receive and pass through the optics annular meniscus lens at 3 center of secondary reflector after reflecting
3a reaches spherical aberration correction device 4, enters vertex optical bench after completing aberration correction using three balsaming lens 4a, is connect by light
Device is received to receive and carry out subsequent processing；
In radio frequency link, the radiofrequency signal from signal transmitting terminal is then reflected into radio frequency secondary reflection by main radio frequency surface 1
Device 3 is reflected into the feed 7 at 2 center of center spherical surface optical surface again by secondary reflector 3, is received and handled.
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art
For, without departing from the principles of the present invention, it can also make several improvements and retouch, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of space communication optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, which is characterized in that including main radio frequency surface, center spherical optics
Surface, secondary reflector, spherical aberration correction device, vertex optical bench and feed；
The main radio frequency surface is hemispherical, and the main radio frequency surface is provided with coating panel, anti-for providing radio frequency and optics
It penetrates；The center spherical surface optical surface is located at the center on the main radio frequency surface, and the center spherical surface optical surface top is successively
It is provided with the secondary reflector, spherical aberration correction device and vertex optical bench, setting in the vertex optical bench
There is optical receiver；
The main radio frequency surface, center spherical surface optical surface, secondary reflector, spherical aberration correction device and vertex optical bench
It is supported by support construction, the support construction includes being used to support secondary reflector, spherical aberration correction device and vertex light
It learns four foot of the hinge type primary mirror support of workbench and is used to support the pedestal branch on main radio frequency surface and center spherical surface optical surface
Support.
2. space communication according to claim 1 optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, which is characterized in that the main radio frequency table
Face includes that nine rows aluminize coating panel, and every row coating panel of aluminizing is circumferentially disposed.
3. space communication according to claim 2 optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, which is characterized in that the plating aluminized coating
Panel is made of the glass panel of hexagonal structure, and anodic oxidation aluminized coating is plated on the glass panel surface, and cover one layer it is durable
Coating, durable coating are preferably TiO2/SiO2。
4. space communication according to claim 3 optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, which is characterized in that the main radio frequency table
Every piece of glass panel in face is a minor structure, and the center of hexagonal structure is the center of minor structure, the center of minor structure to two
For the line of secondary reflectors perpendicular to glass panel, the minor structure can be along the vector axis at the center at its center to secondary reflector
Upper inclination and movement, with compensate antenna the different elevations angle, at a temperature of the variation that occurs.
5. space communication according to claim 2 optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, which is characterized in that nine rows aluminize painting
The center two rows of deck panels are removed as optical region, and the center spherical surface optical surface is located on optical region position, described
Center spherical surface optical surface is made of 64 reflecting mirrors, is divided into 4 units, and each unit includes 16 reflecting mirrors, each anti-
Penetrating mirror includes that three actuators and a support plate, each unit are supported by frame assembly, and the support plate of each reflecting mirror passes through
Frame assembly is connected in the pedestal support on the main radio frequency surface.
6. space communication according to claim 1 optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, which is characterized in that the secondary reflection
Device includes the optics annular meniscus lens at center and the radio frequency reflection part of aluminium coated, and the optics annular meniscus lens surface applies
There is ITO coating, covers one layer of argon coating on the ITO coating.
7. space communication according to claim 1 optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, which is characterized in that the spherical aberration
Corrector is arranged between the secondary reflector and vertex optical bench, the vertex optical bench and spherical aberration school
Positive device communicates, and the spherical aberration correction device includes shell, multiple reflecting mirrors and three balsaming lens.
8. space communication according to claim 1 optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, which is characterized in that the feed is in institute
At the radiofrequency signal convergence for stating secondary reflector reflection, positioned at the central area of the center spherical surface optical surface, with the bottom
Seat supports are connected.
9. a kind of working method of space communication described in claim 1 optoelectronic integration receiving antenna, which is characterized in that light
It learns in link, the optical signal from signal transmitting terminal passes through secondary reflector after center spherical surface optical surface is received and reflected
The optics annular meniscus lens at center reaches spherical aberration correction device, enters after completing aberration correction positioned at vertex optical bench
Optical receiver, received by optical receiver and carry out subsequent processing；
In radio frequency link, the radiofrequency signal from signal transmitting terminal receives and is reflected into secondary reflector through main radio frequency surface, so
Afterwards feed is reflected by secondary reflector again, is received and handled.
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| WO2022155493A1 (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2022-07-21 | University Of Southern California | Spinning directional antenna in centimeter and millimeter wave bands |
| WO2024193505A1 (en) * | 2023-03-20 | 2024-09-26 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna system and communication device |
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