CN109874622A - A kind of organic rice biodegradable plastic film mulching method - Google Patents
A kind of organic rice biodegradable plastic film mulching method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109874622A CN109874622A CN201910340036.7A CN201910340036A CN109874622A CN 109874622 A CN109874622 A CN 109874622A CN 201910340036 A CN201910340036 A CN 201910340036A CN 109874622 A CN109874622 A CN 109874622A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
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- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of organic paddy rice Biodegradable mulch mulching plant methods, comprising the following steps: (1) nursery；(2) flat field site preparation；(3) rice transplanting is transplanted；(4) water and fertilizer management；(5) weeding.A kind of organic paddy rice Biodegradable mulch mulching plant method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that ground temperature can be improved in (1), increases effective accumulated temperature.(2) water-saving result is obvious.(3) it can use high temperature under film and kill various weeds, do not use any herbicide, while high temperature can promote the organic fertilizer fermentation in soil to decompose under film, play the long-acting of organic fertilizer, promote root system development.(4) increasing both production and income remarkable benefit.Up to 550 kilograms, per kilogram purchasing price is higher than market price 1.7-1.8 member for organic paddy rice per mu yield, and mu income can achieve 2800 yuan, and net income can achieve 1900 yuan.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting technology field, in particular to a kind of organic paddy rice Biodegradable mulch mulching plant method.
Background technique
Mulch is one of important material goods of agricultural production, and film-mulching technique application has driven China's agricultural productive force
The change significantly improved with production method.Mulch dosage from 1991 more than 30 ten thousand tons increase to 2017 147.0 ten thousand tons, in recent years
Come nearly 300,000,000 mu of area coverage.Application region expands to southern High aititude mountain area from northern arid, semi-arid areas, covers
Crop species are expanded to large cereal crops from industrial crops, and covering with ground sheeting Meteorological effect, diseases prevention is pest-resistant, inhibits the functions such as weeds
Make crop yield 20% -50%, major contribution is made that guarantee Chinese food safety supply.
At the same time, covering with ground sheeting extensive use also bring a series of problems, especially mulch not scientifical use and
The effectively missing of recycling link, causes mulch residual contamination to get worse, it has also become an important environmental problem.A large amount of mulches
Residual destroys agricultural land soil structure, leads to soil permeability and reduction in porosity, affects liquid manure migration and plant growth hair
It educates, reduces crop yield；In addition, mulch residual also brings other a series of negative interactions, influences farming operation and cause to sow
Quality decline etc..Under the premise of film-mulching technique is not possible to replace and lack effective used plastic collection using means, research and development and
Promoting and applying environmentally friendly whole life cycle design new material, new process and new product will be that following China realizes that agricultural is clear
The important technology approach of clean production and Ensuring Food Safety.
The research of biodegradation material has nearly 50 years history in the world, to Biodegradable material such as polylactic acid
(PLA), the synthesis, structural analysis of polycaprolactone (PCL), poly butylene succinate (PBS), poly butyric ester (PHB) etc.,
Performance test and the biodegradable structural factor of influence etc. all compare in-depth study, and have formulated to compare and be
The whole life cycle design standards and guidelines of system.Specification scheme in Europe, according to CENC (European Committee for Standardization)
" CN13432 " (plan of Composting performance test and specification government decree about packaging material) compares reference according to ISO14855
Object (cellulose), biological degradability is up to 90% or more, in addition compostability can obtain formally recognizing for European Committee for Standardization
It can.Europe, Japan are in world forefront in Biodegradable mulch research and development application, not with degradable material and its processing technology
Disconnected innovation, the research and development application of agricultural equipment, Cultivate administration mode renolation, formd more mature life at present
Object degradative plastic film application system is mainly used for vegetables, cotton, tobacco, corn etc. and the higher crops of other economic values
Production on.Currently, Japan and European Biodegradable mulch constantly rise in mulch market portion, 10% left side is reached
The application percentage on the right side, regional area is higher, and Biodegradable mulch ratio is more than 20% in such as Japanese four countries' area vegetable cultivation.
China's degradation plastic mulch development since 1970s, and successively plant fiber mulch, paper mulch,
Starch mulch, photodegradation film, light or organisms degradative plastic film and whole life cycle design have all carried out the research of exploration,
Light degradation, starch-base biodegradation, light-oxidative biodegradation, cellulose biodegradation and Microbe synthesis aliphatic polyester drop
Solution etc., achieves and is in progress to a certain degree.Biodegradable mulch is increased dramatically in terms of properties, promotes biological drop
Solve the popularization and application of mulch.In maize film-covered planting experiment, Biodegradable mulch covering makes corn growth stage shift to an earlier date 5d, yield
4.3% and 27.6% is improved compared with common plastics mulch and bare area processing respectively.In Film mulch test, Biodegradable mulch covers
Film promotes potato starch accumulation and yield and quality is obviously improved.The biology drop in the test of Heilongjiang Province's organic paddy rice
200 DEG C of annual accumulated temperature or more can be improved in solution mulch, and growth period duration of rice is made to reduce 7d, than common organic plantation volume increase 12% with
On.But with the expansion and change in Biodegradable mulch test spread region, climate variation, geographic area, crop species
Etc. factors significantly affect, Plastic-film disintegration process performance it is more unstable.On the whole, Biodegradable mulch is to solve mulch residual dirt
One of important channel is contaminated, has excellent effect in agricultural production, has a high potential, but many technical problems also need tackling of key scientific and technical problems,
In the development test stage.It needs to reinforce the research of the raw material, formula and production technology of Biodegradable mulch at present, improves and produce
Quality reduces cost simultaneously, especially to research and develop the special bio degradative plastic film product for specific region and specific crop,
To meet and adapt to the multifarious requirement of agricultural production.
Increase in existing public technology or cultural method primarily directed to no overlay film rice cropping, PE mulch Rice under Condition
The correlative study of temperature, and Biodegradable mulch is utilized to reduce Plastic-film pollution, the technology and achievement of efficient water use are opposite to be lacked.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: place in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of organic paddy rices
Biodegradable mulch mulching plant method, and supporting machinery Raising strong seedli technology, this method are suitable for the Northeast irrigated farmland,
And guarantee Biodegradable films action time, prevent PE mulch residual contamination while realizing organic paddy rice water-saving and synergistic.
Organic paddy rice Biodegradable mulch mulching plant method disclosed by the invention overcomes existing PE mulch residual contamination,
By covering material, by polyethylene (PE) change, at biodegradable Biodegradable mulch is fully able to, (golden hair Science and Technology Ltd. is raw
The Biodegradable mulch (main material PBAT --- polyadipate/butylene terephthalate) of production, supporting machinery overlay film move
Cultivation technology, and guarantee Biodegradable mulch induction period not less than 70 days, mulch residual contamination is utmostly reduced, and then realize section
Water synergy and the two-win to reduce environmental pollution.
Present invention is directed to choose suitable organic paddy rice degradative plastic film for the plantation of the Northeast paddy field organic paddy rice
Coverage mode can not only increase the soil moisture, especially organic paddy rice and give birth to soil moisture early period, reduce breeding time water consumption
Amount, effectively inhibition weeds can also play the role of reducing residual film pollution.
A kind of technical solution: organic paddy rice Biodegradable mulch mulching plant method, comprising the following steps:
(1) nursery
(11) four months bottoms select disease-resistant, high yield high-quality organic paddy rice kind；
(12) limewash for being 1wt%~1.2wt% with concentration carries out disinfection cleaning treatment to high-quality organic paddy rice kind；
(13) it is uniformly dressed seed with strong seedling agent, seeding and seedling raising is then carried out in greenhouse, in which:
During nursery, guarantee that greenhouse temperature of shed at 25~28 DEG C, gets hold of film-uncovering time, prevents high temperature burn seedlings；
(2) flat field site preparation
(21) mid-April, to rice field complete disposable organic fertilizer, rake the soil level, water site preparation is at muddy；
(22) soaked field, water layer keep 7~10cm, continue 7~10 days；
(23) it drains, removes the grass-seed and disease pest source that rice field is retained；
(3) rice transplanting is transplanted
Late May protects rice field water layer when the rice shoot length in greenhouse is to 5~8cm high and has 3~4 leaves
It holds in 2~3cm, carries out film covered rice by Raising strong seedli all-in-one machine and rice transplanting is transplanted, spacing in the rows is 30cm × 20cm, a cave 3~5
Young plant, in which:
Film used in overlay film is Biodegradable mulch；
(4) water and fertilizer management
Disposably apply high-quality organic fertilizer in step (2), dose be not less than 2 tons/hectare, in rice growing season,
2~3cm water layer is remained on film；
(5) weeding
It is covered using Biodegradable mulch, high temperature weeding.
Further, the auspicious paddy seedbed conditioner of board of dragon that seedling agent is Jiangsu production is strengthened in step (13), nutrient includes
Nitrogen 9%, phosphorus 4.5%, potassium 1.5%, water-soluble zinc 0.2%.
Further, the rice field of the preferred Northeast Area of China organic paddy rice growing area in rice field in step (2).
Further, disease-resistant, high yield the high-quality organic paddy rice kind in step (1) is the rice fragrance of a flower 2 or imperial rice 18.
Further, high-quality organic fertilizer is ferment organic fertilizer in step (4), in which:
Ferment content >=5%, N-P-K >=6%, organic matter >=45%.
The utility model has the advantages that a kind of organic paddy rice Biodegradable mulch mulching plant method disclosed by the invention is with beneficial below
Effect:
(1) ground temperature can be improved, increase effective accumulated temperature, 300 DEG C of Nian Zengjia effective accumulated temperature or so, an accumulated temperature can be crossed over
High-quality late variety of area's plantation than local late-maturing 7-10 days.
(2) it may be implemented water-saving 30% or so, 2-3cm water layer remained on film, be conducive to improve ground temperature, under film always
In moisture state, be conducive to soil gas exchange, water-saving result is obvious.
(3) it can use high temperature under film and kill various weeds, do not use any herbicide, while high temperature can promote under film
Organic fertilizer fermentation in soil decomposes, and plays the long-acting of organic fertilizer, promotes root system development.
(4) increasing both production and income remarkable benefit.Up to 550 kilograms, per kilogram purchasing price is higher than market price for organic paddy rice per mu yield
Lattice 1.7-1.8 member, mu income can achieve 2800 yuan, and net income can achieve 1900 yuan.
Specific embodiment:
Detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention below.
Specific embodiment 1
A kind of organic paddy rice Biodegradable mulch mulching plant method, comprising the following steps:
(1) nursery
(11) four months bottoms select disease-resistant, high yield high-quality organic paddy rice kind；
(12) limewash for being 1wt% with concentration carries out disinfection cleaning treatment to high-quality organic paddy rice kind；
(13) it is uniformly dressed seed with strong seedling agent, seeding and seedling raising is then carried out in greenhouse, in which:
During nursery, guarantee that greenhouse temperature of shed at 25 DEG C, gets hold of film-uncovering time, prevents high temperature burn seedlings；
(2) flat field site preparation
(21) mid-April, to rice field complete disposable organic fertilizer, rake the soil level, water site preparation is at muddy；
(22) soaked field, water layer keep 7cm, continue 7 days；
(23) it drains, removes the grass-seed and disease pest source that rice field is retained；
(3) rice transplanting is transplanted
Late May is maintained at rice field water layer when the rice shoot length in greenhouse is to 5cm high and has 3 leaves
2cm carries out film covered rice by Raising strong seedli all-in-one machine and rice transplanting is transplanted, and spacing in the rows is 30cm × 20cm, 3 young plant of a cave, in which:
Film used in overlay film is Biodegradable mulch；
(4) water and fertilizer management
Disposably apply high-quality organic fertilizer in step (2), dose be not less than 2 tons/hectare, in rice growing season,
2cm water layer is remained on film；
(5) weeding
It is covered using Biodegradable mulch, high temperature weeding.
Further, the auspicious paddy seedbed conditioner of board of dragon that seedling agent is Jiangsu production is strengthened in step (13), nutrient includes
Nitrogen 9%, phosphorus 4.5%, potassium 1.5%, water-soluble zinc 0.2%.
Further, the rice field of the preferred Northeast Area of China organic paddy rice growing area in rice field in step (2).
Further, disease-resistant, high yield the high-quality organic paddy rice kind in step (1) is the rice fragrance of a flower 2.
Further, high-quality organic fertilizer is ferment organic fertilizer in step (4), in which:
Ferment content >=5%, N-P-K >=6%, organic matter >=45%.
Specific embodiment 2
A kind of organic paddy rice Biodegradable mulch mulching plant method, comprising the following steps:
(1) nursery
(11) four months bottoms select disease-resistant, high yield high-quality organic paddy rice kind；
(12) limewash for being 1.2wt% with concentration carries out disinfection cleaning treatment to high-quality organic paddy rice kind；
(13) it is uniformly dressed seed with strong seedling agent, seeding and seedling raising is then carried out in greenhouse, in which:
During nursery, guarantee that greenhouse temperature of shed at 28 DEG C, gets hold of film-uncovering time, prevents high temperature burn seedlings；
(2) flat field site preparation
(21) mid-April, to rice field complete disposable organic fertilizer, rake the soil level, water site preparation is at muddy；
(22) soaked field, water layer keep 10cm, continue 10 days；
(23) it drains, removes the grass-seed and disease pest source that rice field is retained；
(3) rice transplanting is transplanted
Late May is maintained at rice field water layer when the rice shoot length in greenhouse is to 8cm high and has 4 leaves
3cm carries out film covered rice by Raising strong seedli all-in-one machine and rice transplanting is transplanted, and spacing in the rows is 30cm × 20cm, 5 young plant of a cave, in which:
Film used in overlay film is Biodegradable mulch；
(4) water and fertilizer management
Disposably apply high-quality organic fertilizer in step (2), dose be not less than 2 tons/hectare, in rice growing season,
3cm water layer is remained on film；
(5) weeding
It is covered using Biodegradable mulch, high temperature weeding.
Further, the auspicious paddy seedbed conditioner of board of dragon that seedling agent is Jiangsu production is strengthened in step (13), nutrient includes
Nitrogen 9%, phosphorus 4.5%, potassium 1.5%, water-soluble zinc 0.2%.
Further, the rice field of the preferred Northeast Area of China organic paddy rice growing area in rice field in step (2).
Further, disease-resistant, high yield the high-quality organic paddy rice kind in step (1) is imperial rice 18.
Further, high-quality organic fertilizer is ferment organic fertilizer in step (4), in which:
Ferment content >=5%, N-P-K >=6%, organic matter >=45%.
Specific embodiment 3
A kind of organic paddy rice Biodegradable mulch mulching plant method, comprising the following steps:
(1) nursery
(11) four months bottoms select disease-resistant, high yield high-quality organic paddy rice kind；
(12) limewash for being 1.1wt% with concentration carries out disinfection cleaning treatment to high-quality organic paddy rice kind；
(13) it is uniformly dressed seed with strong seedling agent, seeding and seedling raising is then carried out in greenhouse, in which:
During nursery, guarantee that greenhouse temperature of shed at 26 DEG C, gets hold of film-uncovering time, prevents high temperature burn seedlings；
(2) flat field site preparation
(21) mid-April, to rice field complete disposable organic fertilizer, rake the soil level, water site preparation is at muddy；
(22) soaked field, water layer keep 8cm, continue 8 days；
(23) it drains, removes the grass-seed and disease pest source that rice field is retained；
(3) rice transplanting is transplanted
Late May is maintained at rice field water layer when the rice shoot length in greenhouse is to 6cm high and has 4 leaves
2.5cm carries out film covered rice and rice transplanting by Raising strong seedli all-in-one machine and transplants, and spacing in the rows is 30cm × 20cm, 4 young plant of a cave,
In:
Film used in overlay film is Biodegradable mulch；
(4) water and fertilizer management
Disposably apply high-quality organic fertilizer in step (2), dose be not less than 2 tons/hectare, in rice growing season,
2.5cm water layer is remained on film；
(5) weeding
It is covered using Biodegradable mulch, high temperature weeding.
Further, the auspicious paddy seedbed conditioner of board of dragon that seedling agent is Jiangsu production is strengthened in step (13), nutrient includes
Nitrogen 9%, phosphorus 4.5%, potassium 1.5%, water-soluble zinc 0.2%.
Further, the rice field of the preferred Northeast Area of China organic paddy rice growing area in rice field in step (2).
Further, disease-resistant, high yield the high-quality organic paddy rice kind in step (1) is the rice fragrance of a flower 2.
Further, high-quality organic fertilizer is ferment organic fertilizer in step (4), in which:
Ferment content >=5%, N-P-K >=6%, organic matter >=45%.
Embodiments of the present invention are elaborated above.But present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above,
Technical field those of ordinary skill within the scope of knowledge, can also do without departing from the purpose of the present invention
Various change out.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of organic paddy rice Biodegradable mulch mulching plant method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) nursery
(11) four months bottoms select disease-resistant, high yield high-quality organic paddy rice kind；
(12) limewash for being 1wt%~1.2wt% with concentration carries out disinfection cleaning treatment to high-quality organic paddy rice kind；
(13) it is uniformly dressed seed with strong seedling agent, seeding and seedling raising is then carried out in greenhouse, in which:
During nursery, guarantee that greenhouse temperature of shed at 25~28 DEG C, gets hold of film-uncovering time, prevents high temperature burn seedlings；
(2) flat field site preparation
(21) mid-April, to rice field complete disposable organic fertilizer, rake the soil level, water site preparation is at muddy；
(22) soaked field, water layer keep 7~10cm, continue 7~10 days；
(23) it drains, removes the grass-seed and disease pest source that rice field is retained；
(3) rice transplanting is transplanted
Late May is maintained at rice field water layer when the rice shoot length in greenhouse is to 5~8cm high and has 3~4 leaves
2~3cm carries out film covered rice by Raising strong seedli all-in-one machine and rice transplanting is transplanted, and spacing in the rows is 30cm × 20cm, 3~5 plants of a cave
Seedling, in which:
Film used in overlay film is Biodegradable mulch；
(4) water and fertilizer management
High-quality organic fertilizer is disposably applied in step (2), dose is not less than 2 tons/hectare, on rice growing season, film
Remain 2~3cm water layer；
(5) weeding
It is covered using Biodegradable mulch, high temperature weeding.
2. a kind of organic paddy rice Biodegradable mulch mulching plant method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(13) the auspicious paddy seedbed conditioner of board of dragon that seedling agent is Jiangsu production is strengthened in, nutrient includes nitrogen 9%, phosphorus 4.5%, potassium 1.5%,
Water-soluble zinc 0.2%.
3. a kind of organic paddy rice Biodegradable mulch mulching plant method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(2) rice field of the preferred Northeast Area of China organic paddy rice growing area in rice field in.
4. a kind of organic paddy rice Biodegradable mulch mulching plant method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(1) disease-resistant, high yield the high-quality organic paddy rice kind in is the rice fragrance of a flower 2 or imperial rice 18.
5. a kind of organic paddy rice Biodegradable mulch mulching plant method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(4) high-quality organic fertilizer is ferment organic fertilizer in, in which:
Ferment content >=5%, N-P-K >=6%, organic matter >=45%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910340036.7A CN109874622A (en) | 2019-04-25 | 2019-04-25 | A kind of organic rice biodegradable plastic film mulching method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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Application publication date: 20190614 |