CN109856057B - Liquid composition detection device and method using tapered optical fiber as medium - Google Patents
Liquid composition detection device and method using tapered optical fiber as medium Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
以拉锥光纤为介质的液体成分检测装置及方法，涉及光检测技术领域。本发明解决了现有液体成分检测方法存在分辨率低和检测灵敏度低的问题。本发明的波形发生器发射的波形信号经微波放大器放大后发送至强度调制器，强度调制器利用波形信号对激光器发射的激光进行编码调节，调制后的激光信号一路作为探测光发送至单边带电光调制器；另一路作为泵浦光发送至第二掺铒光纤放大器；拉锥光纤设置在待测液体中；泵浦光与探测光经由受激布里渊散射效应在拉锥光纤中发生相互作用，相互作用后的探测光入射至探测器的感光面，经探测器光电转换后发送至示波器进行采集。本发明适合于检测液体成分。
A liquid component detection device and method using a tapered optical fiber as a medium relate to the technical field of light detection. The invention solves the problems of low resolution and low detection sensitivity in the existing liquid component detection methods. The waveform signal emitted by the waveform generator of the present invention is amplified by the microwave amplifier and then sent to the intensity modulator. The intensity modulator uses the waveform signal to encode and adjust the laser light emitted by the laser, and the modulated laser signal is sent to the single-side charged signal as probe light all the way. Optical modulator; the other channel is sent to the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier as pump light; the taper fiber is set in the liquid to be tested; the pump light and the probe light interact in the taper fiber through the stimulated Brillouin scattering effect After the interaction, the probe light is incident on the photosensitive surface of the detector, and is sent to the oscilloscope for acquisition after photoelectric conversion by the detector. The present invention is suitable for detecting liquid components.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical detection.
Background
The distributed optical fiber sensing technology has the advantages of high sensitivity, long sensing distance, electromagnetic interference resistance, corrosion resistance, convenience in arrangement and the like which are not possessed by a plurality of traditional sensors. The technology generally uses a single mode fiber as a sensing fiber, utilizes the modulation effect of the external physical quantity of the fiber on the transmitted light in the fiber, and realizes the measurement of the external physical quantity of the fiber by detecting the characteristic parameters (such as light intensity and polarization) of the light passing through the sensing fiber. The existing distributed optical fiber sensing technology is difficult to realize the detection of liquid components because the light is limited inside the sensing optical fiber.
The tapered optical fiber is a novel optical fiber sensing medium. The fiber diameter of the tapered optical fiber is several micrometers or even hundreds of nanometers, so that an evanescent field transmitted in the optical fiber is enhanced, and light can break through the limit of a cladding and enter the surrounding environment for transmission. Direct contact of the light with the external environment provides a viable way to achieve detection of the surrounding liquid components.
The existing distributed Brillouin liquid component detection technology taking a tapered optical fiber as a medium is based on the Brillouin optical time domain analysis principle. The technology belongs to the field of Brillouin optical fiber sensing technology. Different liquids to be tested have different brillouin frequency shifts. The detection of the liquid component to be detected can be realized by measuring the Brillouin frequency shift. The spatial resolution of the Brillouin optical time domain analysis technology is low and is generally in the meter level. The length of the tapered optical fiber is required to be at least meter level, and under the existing process conditions, the effective sensing area of the tapered optical fiber is generally centimeter level, the tapered optical fiber with meter level length is difficult to realize, the yield is extremely low, and the practical application capability of the technology is obviously limited. Moreover, this requires that the span of the space occupied by the liquid to be measured also be on the order of meters, which limits the detection sensitivity of the technique.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a liquid component detection device and method with a tapered optical fiber as a medium, aiming at solving the problems of low spatial resolution and poor detection sensitivity of the existing liquid component detection method.
The invention relates to a liquid component detection device with a tapered optical fiber as a medium, which comprises a laser 1, an intensity modulator 2, a single-side charged optical modulator 3, a microwave source 4, a first erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier 5, a delay optical fiber 6, a tapered optical fiber 7, a circulator 9, a detector 10, an oscilloscope 11, a second erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier 12, a microwave amplifier 13 and a waveform generator 14;
a waveform signal emitted by the waveform generator 14 is amplified by the microwave amplifier 13 and then is sent to the intensity modulator 2, the intensity modulator 2 performs coding modulation on laser emitted by the laser 1 by using the waveform signal, and one path of the modulated laser signal is used as probe light and sent to the unilateral charged optical modulator 3; the other path of the light is used as pump light and sent to a second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 12;
the unilateral charged optical modulator 3 performs single-side band modulation on the optical signal by using a microwave signal sent by a microwave source 4 to form detection light with a downward frequency shift, the detection light with the downward frequency shift is transmitted to a delay optical fiber 6 for time delay after passing through a first erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier 5, the detection light delayed by the delay optical fiber 6 is transmitted to a tapered optical fiber 7, and the tapered optical fiber 7 is arranged in liquid to be detected;
the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 12 amplifies the pump light, and then the pump light is emitted through the port 1 of the circulator 9 and is emitted to the tapered fiber 7 through the port 2; the amplified pump light and the delayed probe light interact in the tapered optical fiber 7 to form a correlation peak, stimulated Brillouin scattering occurs at the correlation peak, the probe light emitted from the tapered optical fiber 7 enters through the No. 2 port of the circulator 9, is emitted to the photosensitive surface of the detector 10 through the No. 3 port of the circulator 9, and is transmitted to the oscilloscope 11 after being subjected to photoelectric conversion by the detector 10.
Further, both the microwave source 4 and the waveform generator 14 are replaced with function generators.
Further, a pulse modulator is arranged between the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 12 and the intensity modulator 2, and the pulse modulator receives the pump light output by the intensity modulator 2 to perform pulse modulation, and transmits the laser after pulse modulation to the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 12.
The liquid component detection method with the tapered optical fiber as a medium comprises the following specific processes:
firstly, coding and modulating a laser signal by using a waveform signal, dividing the coded and modulated laser signal into two paths, wherein an upper path light is used as a detection light, and a lower path light is used as a pumping light;
step two, performing single-sideband modulation on the upper path optical signal by using microwaves to obtain detection light with a lower frequency shift, wherein the detection light with the lower frequency shift is amplified by a first erbium-doped fiber amplifier 5 and then enters a delay optical fiber 6, and the detection light is delayed by the delay optical fiber 6 and then enters a tapered optical fiber 7;
the down-path optical signal is injected into the No. 1 port of the circulator 9 after being amplified by the second erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier 12, is emitted out of the No. 2 port of the circulator 9 and then is incident to the tapered optical fiber 7;
and step three, the amplified pump light and the delayed detection light with the down-shift frequency interact in the tapered optical fiber 7 to form a correlation peak, stimulated Brillouin scattering occurs at the correlation peak, the detection light emitted from the tapered optical fiber 7 is emitted from the No. 2 port of the circulator 9 to the photosensitive surface of the detector 10 after being emitted from the No. 3 port of the circulator 9, and the detection light is subjected to photoelectric conversion by the detector 10 and then is sent to the oscilloscope 11. And fourthly, denoising and demodulating the received electric signal by using the oscilloscope 11 to obtain Brillouin frequency shift of a relevant peak in the tapered optical fiber, and obtaining the component of the liquid in which the tapered optical fiber is located according to the relation between the Brillouin frequency shift and the component of the liquid.
The present invention uses the brillouin frequency shift of a stimulated brillouin scattering signal in an optical fibre to detect the refractive index of a liquid. The optical field and the acoustic wave field of the non-tapered optical fiber are bound in the fiber core, and the optical field and the acoustic wave field of the tapered optical fiber can act with the outside, so that the outside influence is sensed, and the influence can be reflected through the change of Brillouin frequency shift, so that the refractive index of liquid can be detected. However, the length of the tapered optical fiber is generally short, the brillouin action region of the conventional brillouin sensing means is relatively long, signals with high signal-to-noise ratio at the tapered optical fiber are difficult to obtain, and brillouin action can only occur at the tapered optical fiber by using a brillouin correlation domain analysis (BOCDA) technology, so that signals with high signal-to-noise ratio are obtained, the distributed sensing effect is achieved, and the sensing sensitivity is remarkably improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a device for detecting a liquid component using a tapered optical fiber as a medium according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, so that how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the corresponding technical effects can be fully understood and implemented. The embodiments and the features of the embodiments can be combined without conflict, and the technical solutions formed are all within the scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: the following describes the present embodiment with reference to FIG. 1, in which the tapered optical fiber is used as a medium in the liquid component detection apparatus of the present embodiment,
the device comprises a laser 1, an intensity modulator 2, a single-side charged optical modulator 3, a microwave source 4, a first erbium-doped fiber amplifier 5, a delay fiber 6, a tapered fiber 7, a circulator 9, a detector 10, an oscilloscope 11, a second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 12, a microwave amplifier 13 and a waveform generator 14;
a waveform signal emitted by the waveform generator 14 is amplified by the microwave amplifier 13 and then is sent to the intensity modulator 2, the intensity modulator 2 performs coding modulation on laser emitted by the laser 1 by using the waveform signal, and one path of the modulated laser signal is used as probe light and sent to the unilateral charged optical modulator 3; the other path of the light is used as pump light and sent to a second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 12;
the unilateral charged optical modulator 3 performs single-side band modulation on the optical signal by using a microwave signal sent by a microwave source 4 to form detection light with a downward frequency shift, the detection light with the downward frequency shift is transmitted to a delay optical fiber 6 for time delay after passing through a first erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier 5, the detection light delayed by the delay optical fiber 6 is transmitted to a tapered optical fiber 7, and the tapered optical fiber 7 is arranged in liquid to be detected;
the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 12 amplifies the pump light, and then the pump light is emitted through the port 1 of the circulator 9 and is emitted to the tapered fiber 7 through the port 2; the amplified pump light and the delayed probe light interact in the tapered optical fiber 7 to form a correlation peak, stimulated Brillouin scattering occurs at the correlation peak, the probe light emitted from the tapered optical fiber 7 enters through the No. 2 port of the circulator 9, is emitted to the photosensitive surface of the detector 10 through the No. 3 port of the circulator 9, and is transmitted to the oscilloscope 11 after being subjected to photoelectric conversion by the detector 10.
The second embodiment is as follows: in this embodiment, the liquid component detection apparatus using a tapered optical fiber as a medium according to the first embodiment is further described, in which the wavelength of the laser light output from the laser 1 is a distributed feedback type optical fiber laser having an output wavelength of 1550 nm.
The third concrete implementation mode: in this embodiment, the liquid component detection apparatus using a tapered optical fiber as a medium according to the first or second embodiment will be further described, in which both the microwave source 4 and the waveform generator 14 are replaced with function generators.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: in this embodiment, the liquid component detection apparatus using a tapered fiber as a medium according to the first or second embodiment is further described, in which a pulse modulator is provided between the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 12 and the intensity modulator 2, the pulse modulator receives the pump light, performs pulse modulation, and transmits the pulse-modulated laser light to the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 12.
The embodiment performs pulse modulation on the pump light, so that the acting peak power of the pump light can be improved, and the signal-to-noise ratio is enhanced. The tapered fiber has small effective gain length and high power requirement of pump light, and if continuous light is adopted, the optical fiber is easy to damage, and a pulse modulator is used for pulse modulation and then amplification, so that high peak power can be easily obtained, and a high signal-to-noise ratio can be obtained.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: in this embodiment, a pulse modulator is disposed between the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 12 and the intensity modulator 2, and receives the pump light output by the intensity modulator 2, performs pulse modulation, and emits the pulse-modulated laser light to the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 12. The sixth specific implementation mode: the method for detecting liquid components by taking the tapered optical fiber as a medium comprises the following specific processes:
firstly, coding and modulating a laser signal by using a waveform signal, dividing the coded and modulated laser signal into two paths, wherein an upper path light is used as a detection light, and a lower path light is used as a pumping light;
step two, performing single-sideband modulation on the upper path optical signal by using microwaves to obtain detection light with a lower frequency shift, wherein the detection light with the lower frequency shift is amplified by a first erbium-doped fiber amplifier 5 and then enters a delay optical fiber 6, and the detection light is delayed by the delay optical fiber 6 and then enters a tapered optical fiber 7;
the down-path optical signal is injected into the No. 1 port of the circulator 9 after being amplified by the second erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier 12, is emitted out of the No. 2 port of the circulator 9 and then is incident to the tapered optical fiber 7;
and step three, the amplified pump light and the delayed detection light with the down-shift frequency interact in the tapered optical fiber 7 to form a correlation peak, stimulated Brillouin scattering occurs at the correlation peak, the detection light emitted from the tapered optical fiber 7 is emitted from the No. 2 port of the circulator 9 to the photosensitive surface of the detector 10 after being emitted from the No. 3 port of the circulator 9, and the detection light is subjected to photoelectric conversion by the detector 10 and then is sent to the oscilloscope 11.
And fourthly, denoising and demodulating the received electric signal by using the oscilloscope 11 to obtain Brillouin frequency shift of a relevant peak in the tapered optical fiber, and obtaining the component of the liquid in which the tapered optical fiber is located according to the relation between the Brillouin frequency shift and the component of the liquid.
The invention adopts the Brillouin optical correlation domain analysis technology based on intensity modulation. The highest spatial resolution of the technology can reach 2 mm. The effective sensing length of the tapered optical fiber required by the technology is not less than 2mm, so that the drawing process of the tapered optical fiber is greatly reduced, and the practical level of the technology is obviously improved. On the other hand, the method of the invention can detect the liquid with a space span of millimeter level, which remarkably improves the sensing sensitivity. The relationship between the Brillouin frequency shift and the liquid composition is established by experimental determination of a liquid with known composition.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
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