CN109854643B - Carbon ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc and wheel suitable for high-speed motor train unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a carbon ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc and wheels suitable for a high-speed motor train unit, wherein the carbon ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for the high-speed motor train unit comprises a carbon Tao Maca body (3) and an isolation support body (2) which are fixedly connected in a laminated manner, and a heat-insulating ceramic coating is arranged on the surface of the isolation support body (2) facing the carbon Tao Maca body (3); along the circumference of the isolation support body (2), the carbon ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for the high-speed motor train unit comprises a plurality of connecting areas, and in the connecting areas, the carbon Tao Maca body (3) and the isolation support body (2) are fixedly connected through the connecting parts (4). The carbon ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for the high-speed motor train unit adopts a composite structure, so that the weight of the wheel-mounted brake disc can be reduced, the higher braking temperature can be born on the premise of meeting the requirement of the use strength, the service life of the brake disc is prolonged, and the long-term reliability of the operation of the high-speed motor train unit is ensured.

Description

A carbon-ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc and wheel suitable for high-speed EMUs

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle braking, in particular to a carbon-ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for high-speed EMUs, and also to a wheel containing the carbon-ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for high-speed EMUs.

Background technique

The braking system is one of the key technologies for locomotives and vehicles, and is directly related to the safety of train operation. At present, the research and application of disc brakes in my country have made great progress, and all high-speed EMUs are equipped with disc brake devices. The most critical device for the braking method is the brake disc. According to the installation method, the brake discs for high-speed EMUs are generally divided into axle-mounted brake discs and wheel-mounted brake discs. The loads received during the braking process include: strong friction, high thermal load, large braking force and centrifugal force, etc. The reliability of the brake disc almost determines the reliability level of the entire basic brake device structure, which directly affects the driving safety of railway locomotives and vehicles.

The brake disc and the brake pad are a pair of friction pairs for basic braking. During the braking process, according to the energy conservation theory, the kinetic energy of a high-speed moving train is proportional to the square of the train speed. When the train brakes, the mutual friction between the brake disc and the brake pad converts the vehicle's kinetic energy into heat energy, part of which dissipates in the air, and the other part forms the heat load of the brake disc and the brake pad. As the train speed increases, the heat load generated during braking will increase significantly.

Traditional cast steel brake discs are currently used in high-speed trains with a speed of 350km/h. Under long-term braking in a high-temperature environment, they are prone to form hot spots and thermal fatigue cracks, and the thermal load is close to the use limit of the cast steel discs. As the speed of the train increases, the cast steel brake discs are difficult to meet the usage requirements.

Traditional cast steel brake discs are heavy, which is not conducive to the weight reduction requirements of trains, especially the weight reduction of unsprung mass. The invention of lightweight, high-temperature resistant brake discs has important guiding significance for train speed increase, energy conservation and emission reduction.

Traditional cast steel brake discs will warp and deform when heated, causing the bolts to be subjected to greater bending fatigue stress, which may lead to the risk of bolt breakage and affect the safe operation of the train.

If pure carbon ceramic brake discs are used in high-speed EMUs, their safety has not been considered. First, because carbon ceramic materials are brittle and have low strength, if all carbon ceramics are used in high-speed EMUs, on the one hand, it is difficult to withstand high braking torque, and secondly, it cannot resist the expansion of the bolts due to heat, which causes the brake disc to rotate. Thirdly, the temperature transmitted by the brake disc to the wheels or even the axles is high, which may cause the vehicle axle temperature alarm, thus affecting the safety of the train.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the problem of insufficient thermal load of brake discs of EMUs above 350km/h, reduce the unsprung mass of the train, reduce the deformation of the brake discs and the risk of breakage of the bolts, and reduce the heat transferred to the wheel axle, the present invention provides a carbon-ceramic wheel-mounted brake and disc wheel suitable for high-speed EMUs. The carbon-ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for high-speed EMUs adopts a composite structure, which can greatly improve the service life of the brake disc and ensure the long-term reliability of the operation of the high-speed EMU.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a carbon-ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for high-speed EMUs, including a stacked carbon-ceramic friction body and an isolation support body, the isolation support body and the carbon-ceramic friction body are both annular structures, and the surface of the isolation support body facing the carbon-ceramic friction body is provided with an insulating ceramic coating; along the circumference of the isolation support body, the carbon-ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for high-speed EMUs contains multiple connection areas, and in the connection areas, the carbon-ceramic friction body and the isolation support body are connected and fixed by connecting components.

In one of the connection areas, the connection component comprises two first bolts which pass through the carbon-ceramic friction body and the isolation support body in sequence. The two first bolts are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the isolation support body, and the isolation support body is gap-matched with the first bolts.

The inner surface of the isolation support body is provided with a raised ring, which is sleeved outside the first bolt, and the outside of the raised ring is connected to a raised strip arranged along the diameter direction of the isolation support body.

The connecting component also contains four second bolts passing through the carbon-ceramic friction body and the isolation support body. The carbon-ceramic friction body is provided with a countersunk through hole for installing the second bolts, and the isolation support body is provided with an installation through hole for the second bolts to pass through. The four second bolts are located between the two first bolts, and the four second bolts are distributed in an isosceles trapezoid.

The rod of the second bolt includes a head section, a middle section and a tail section connected in sequence. The head section and the head section of the second bolt are both located in the carbon-ceramic friction body, the middle section of the second bolt is located in the isolation support body, there is a gap between the head section and the carbon-ceramic friction body, the outer diameter of the middle section is hingedly matched with the aperture of the mounting through hole of the isolation support body, and the outer diameter of the middle section is larger than the outer diameter of the head section and the outer diameter of the tail section.

An arched protrusion is provided on the inner surface of the isolation support body. Along the circumference of the isolation support body, the arched protrusion is located on both sides of the second bolt. The arched protrusion contains a flat surface and an arc-shaped surface. The flat surface of the arched protrusion faces the second bolt, and the flat surface of the arched protrusion is parallel to the diameter direction of the isolation support body.

The connecting component also contains a plug pin connecting the carbon-ceramic friction body and the isolation support body. The plug pin is located in the middle of the four second bolts. Along the circumference of the isolation support body, convex strips are provided on both sides of the plug pin. The convex strips are fixed to the inner surface of the isolation support body and the inner surface of the carbon-ceramic friction body.

The outer surface of the isolation support body is provided with a plurality of annular heat dissipation grooves, and the inner surface of the isolation support body is provided with a first ridge between two adjacent connection areas, and the first ridge is arranged along the diameter direction of the isolation support body.

A second ridge is further provided on the inner surface of the isolation support body between the first ridge and the connection area. The second ridge is arranged along the diameter direction of the isolation support body, and an arc-shaped curved section corresponding to the raised ring is provided in the middle of the second ridge.

A wheel suitable for high-speed EMUs comprises a basic disc body, annular mounting grooves are arranged on both sides of the basic disc body, each annular mounting groove is provided with the above-mentioned carbon-ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for high-speed EMUs, a carbon-ceramic friction body, an isolation support body, a basic disc body, an isolation support body and a carbon-ceramic friction body are sequentially stacked, connected and fixed.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The carbon-ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for high-speed EMUs adopts a composite structure, which can greatly improve the service life of the brake disc and ensure the long-term reliability of the high-speed EMU operation.

2. Compared with existing brake discs, the weight can be reduced by 30%-50%.

3. It is especially suitable for use in EMU trains with a speed of more than 350 kilometers per hour.

4. Reduce the heat transferred to the wheels.

5. Reduce the impact of thermal warping of the brake disc on the bolts and improve the safety of the brake disc.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

FIG1 is a perspective view of a carbon-ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for high-speed train sets according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the carbon-ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for high-speed EMUs according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view along the A-A direction in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view along the B-B direction in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view along the C-C direction in Fig. 2 .

FIG. 6 is a front view of the isolation support body.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view along the D-D direction in Fig. 6 .

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view along the E-E direction in Fig. 6 .

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view along the F-F direction in Fig. 6 .

FIG. 10 is a front view of a carbon-ceramic friction body.

FIG. 11 is a rear view of the carbon-ceramic friction body.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a second bolt.

1. Basic disc; 2. Isolation support body; 3. Carbon ceramic friction body; 4. Connecting parts;

11. Annular mounting groove;

21. raised ring; 22. raised strip; 23. arched protrusion; 24. raised strip; 25. first raised ridge; 26. second raised ridge; 27. annular heat dissipation groove;

41. first bolt; 42. second bolt; 43. plug pin;

421, head section; 422, middle section; 423, tail section.

Detailed ways

It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

A carbon-ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for high-speed EMUs comprises a stacked carbon-ceramic friction body 3 and an isolation support body 2, wherein the isolation support body 2 and the carbon-ceramic friction body 3 are both annular structures, and a heat-insulating ceramic coating is provided on the surface of the isolation support body 2 facing the carbon-ceramic friction body 3; along the circumference of the isolation support body 2, the carbon-ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for high-speed EMUs comprises a plurality of connection areas, and in each of the connection areas, the carbon-ceramic friction body 3 and the isolation support body 2 are connected and fixed by a connection component 4, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4.

In this embodiment, the isolation support body 2 and the carbon ceramic friction body 3 are both sheet structures, and the axis of the isolation support body 2 coincides with the axis of the carbon ceramic friction body 3, as shown in Figures 3 and 4. When installed and used, the axis of the isolation support body 2, the axis of the carbon ceramic friction body 3 coincides with the axis of the base plate 1.

In this embodiment, along the circumference of the isolation support body 2, the carbon-ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for high-speed EMUs contains multiple connection areas, and the connection component 4 includes a component for connecting and fixing the carbon-ceramic friction body 3 and the isolation support body 2, and also includes a component for connecting and fixing the carbon-ceramic friction body 3, the isolation support body 2, and the basic disc body 1 of the wheel. It can be understood that the meaning of the connection area is the area where the connection component 4 is located. The carbon-ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for high-speed EMUs in this embodiment contains six identical connection areas.

In this embodiment, in one of the connection areas, the connection component 4 contains two first bolts 41 that pass through the carbon ceramic friction body 3 and the isolation support body 2 in sequence (since there are six connection areas, the connection component 4 contains a total of 12 first bolts 41), and the two first bolts 41 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the isolation support body 2, and the isolation support body 2 and the first bolts 41 are loosely matched. A through hole for installing the first bolt 41 is provided in the carbon ceramic friction body 3, and a countersunk hole for installing the first bolt 41 is provided in the isolation support body 2. The function of the first bolt 41 is to connect and fix the carbon ceramic friction body 3, the isolation support body 2 and the base disc body 1 of the wheel.

In this embodiment, the inner surface of the isolation support body 2 (i.e., the surface of the isolation support body 2 facing the base plate body 1) is provided with a raised ring 21, which is sleeved outside the first bolt 41, and the raised ring 21 is connected to a raised strip 22 arranged along the diameter direction of the isolation support body 2. When in use, the raised ring 21 and the raised strip 22 are both in contact with the base plate body 1, as shown in Figures 6 and 7. The main function of the raised ring 21 and the raised strip 22 is to increase the strength of the support body and increase the contact area with the air to dissipate heat.

In this embodiment, the connecting component 4 also includes four second bolts 42 passing through the carbon ceramic friction body 3 and the isolation support body 2. The four second bolts 42 are located between the two first bolts 41, and the four second bolts 42 are distributed in an isosceles trapezoidal shape, as shown in FIG2. The carbon ceramic friction body 3 is provided with a countersunk through hole for installing the second bolts 42, and the isolation support body 2 is provided with a mounting through hole for the second bolts 42 to pass through, as shown in FIG10 and FIG11. The function of the second bolts 42 is to connect and fix the carbon ceramic friction body 3 and the isolation support body 2.

In this embodiment, the rod portion of the second bolt 42 includes a head section 421, a middle section 422 and a tail section 423 which are connected in sequence. The head and the head section 421 of the second bolt 42 are both located in the countersunk through hole of the carbon-ceramic friction body 3, the middle section 422 of the second bolt 42 is located in the mounting through hole of the isolation support body 2, there is a gap between the head section 421 and the carbon-ceramic friction body 3, the outer diameter of the middle section 422 is hingedly matched with the mounting through hole of the isolation support body 2, and the outer diameter of the middle section 422 is larger than the outer diameter of the head section 421 and the outer diameter of the tail section 423, as shown in FIG. 12 .

The rod of the second bolt 42 adopts a three-section design, which has the advantage that, due to the different materials of the carbon-ceramic friction body and the isolation support body, when the train brakes, the deformation of the carbon-ceramic friction body 3 due to the friction and heat of the brake is smaller than the deformation of the isolation support body 2, and the middle section of the second bolt 42 is hingedly matched with the mounting through hole of the isolation support body 2, which can drive the bolt to move radially outward, and the gap between the second bolt 42 and the carbon-ceramic friction body 3 can adapt to the deformation of the carbon-ceramic friction body 3. Under the condition of ensuring the axial force of the second bolt 42, the friction force provided can meet the braking torque, and at the same time can avoid the second bolt 42 from being sheared, thereby ensuring the driving safety of the train.

In this embodiment, an arcuate protrusion 23 is provided on the inner surface of the isolation support body 2. The arcuate protrusion 23 is located on both sides of the second bolt 42 along the circumference of the isolation support body 2. The arcuate protrusion 23 has a straight surface and an arcuate surface. The straight surface of the arcuate protrusion 23 faces the second bolt 42. The straight surface of the arcuate protrusion 23 is parallel to the diameter direction of the isolation support body 2. Preferably, the diameter of the isolation support body 2 is within the straight surface of the arcuate protrusion 23. The main function of the arcuate protrusion 23 is to increase the rigidity of the isolation support body 2, support the friction surface, and increase the contact area with the air to dissipate heat.

In this embodiment, the connecting component 4 also contains a plug pin 43 connecting the carbon ceramic friction body 3, the isolation support body 2 and the base disk body 1. The plug pin 43 is located in the middle of the four second bolts 42, and the diameter of the middle of the plug pin 43 is larger than the diameter of the two ends. Along the circumference of the isolation support body 2, convex strips 24 are provided on both sides of the plug pin 43, and the convex strips 24 are fixed to the inner surface of the isolation support body 2 and the inner surface of the carbon ceramic friction body 3, as shown in Figures 1 to 8. The function of the plug pin 43 is to facilitate the installation between the carbon ceramic friction body 3, the isolation support body 2 and the base disk body 1 and to improve the shear resistance of the second bolt 42. The main function of the convex strip 24 is to increase the rigidity of the isolation support body 2, support the friction surface, and increase the contact area with the air to dissipate heat.

In this embodiment, between two adjacent connection areas, the inner surface of the isolation support body 2 is provided with a first ridge 25, and the first ridge 25 is arranged along the diameter direction of the isolation support body 2, as shown in Figures 6 and 9. Between the first ridge 25 and the connection area, the inner surface of the isolation support body 2 is also provided with a second ridge 26, and the second ridge 26 is arranged along the diameter direction of the isolation support body 2. The middle part of the second ridge 26 is provided with an arc-shaped curved section corresponding to the raised ring 21. The main functions of the first ridge 25 and the second ridge 26 are to increase the rigidity of the isolation support body 2, support the friction surface, and increase the contact area with the air to dissipate heat.

In this embodiment, the outer surface of the isolation support body 2 (the surface facing the carbon ceramic friction body 3) is provided with a plurality of annular heat dissipation grooves 27, and the plurality of annular heat dissipation grooves 27 are in a concentric circle relationship. Along the axial direction of the isolation support body 2, the surface of the isolation support body 2 and the carbon ceramic friction body 3 is provided with a heat-insulating ceramic coating (i.e., the left side surface of the isolation support body 2 on the left side in FIG. 3 is provided with a heat-insulating ceramic coating, and the right side surface of the isolation support body 2 on the right side is provided with a heat-insulating ceramic coating) to prevent the carbon ceramic friction body 3 from conducting heat to the base plate 1. The thickness of the heat-insulating ceramic coating is between 5 microns and 1000 microns, preferably between 300 microns and 500 microns, and the heat-insulating ceramic coating can achieve good bonding strength and heat resistance.

In this embodiment, the material of the base plate 1 can be steel, the material of the isolation support body 2 can be steel or aluminum-based composite material or high-strength aluminum alloy, etc. The material of the carbon-ceramic friction body 3 is an existing carbon-ceramic composite material, which has good wear resistance and high-temperature deformation resistance. Preferably, the ratio of the thickness of the carbon-ceramic friction body 3 to the isolation support body 2 is 0.85 to 1.

The carbon-ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc for high-speed EMUs adopts a composite structure, which can greatly increase the service life of the brake disc and ensure the long-term reliability of high-speed EMU operation. Compared with existing brake discs, it can reduce weight by 30%-50%. It is particularly suitable for EMU trains with speeds above 350 kilometers per hour. It reduces the heat transferred to the wheels. It reduces the influence of thermal warping deformation of the brake disc on the bolts and improves the safety of the brake disc.

The following introduces a wheel suitable for high-speed EMUs, which includes a basic disc body 1, annular mounting grooves 11 are provided on both sides of the basic disc body 1, and each annular mounting groove 11 is provided with the above-mentioned carbon-ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for high-speed EMUs, a carbon-ceramic friction body 3, an isolation support body 2, a basic disc body 1, an isolation support body 2 and a carbon-ceramic friction body 3 are stacked and fixed in sequence.

Specifically, the first bolt 41 passes through the carbon-ceramic friction body 3 on the left, the isolation support body 2 on the left, the base disc 1, the isolation support body 2 on the right and the carbon-ceramic friction body 3 on the right in sequence, and the axis of the carbon-ceramic friction body 3 on the left, the axis of the isolation support body 2 on the left, the axis of the base disc 1, the axis of the isolation support body 2 on the right and the axis of the carbon-ceramic friction body 3 on the right coincide with each other.

The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the scope of the invention. Therefore, the replacement of equivalent components, or equivalent changes and modifications made according to the protection scope of the present invention, should still fall within the scope of this patent. In addition, the technical features of the present invention can be freely combined with each other, with technical features and technical solutions, and with technical solutions.

Claims (6)

1. The carbon ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for the high-speed motor train unit is characterized by comprising a carbon Tao Maca body (3) and an isolation support body (2) which are arranged in a stacked manner, wherein the isolation support body (2) and the carbon Tao Maca body (3) are of annular structures, and a heat-insulating ceramic coating is arranged on the surface of the isolation support body (2) facing the carbon Tao Maca body (3); along the circumference of the isolation support body (2), the carbon ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for the high-speed motor train unit comprises a plurality of connecting areas, and in the connecting areas, the carbon Tao Maca body (3) and the isolation support body (2) are fixedly connected through a connecting part (4);

In one connecting area, the connecting part (4) comprises two first bolts (41) which sequentially penetrate through the carbon Tao Maca body (3) and the isolation support body (2), the two first bolts (41) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the isolation support body (2), and the isolation support body (2) is in clearance fit with the first bolts (41);

The connecting part (4) further comprises four second bolts (42) penetrating through the carbon Tao Maca body (3) and the isolation support body (2), countersunk through holes for installing the second bolts (42) are formed in the carbon Tao Maca body (3), installation through holes for the second bolts (42) to penetrate through are formed in the isolation support body (2), the four second bolts (42) are located between the two first bolts (41), and the four second bolts (42) are distributed in an isosceles trapezoid shape;

The rod part of the second bolt (42) comprises a head section (421), a middle section (422) and a tail section (423) which are sequentially connected, the head and the head section (421) of the second bolt (42) are both positioned in the carbon ceramic friction body (3), the middle section (422) of the second bolt (42) is positioned in the isolation support body (2), a gap exists between the head section (421) and the carbon Tao Maca body (3), the outer diameter of the middle section (422) is hinged and matched with the aperture of the installation through hole of the isolation support body (2), and the outer diameter of the middle section (422) is larger than the outer diameters of the head section (421) and the tail section (423);

The connecting part (4) further comprises a plug pin (43) for connecting the carbon Tao Maca body (3) and the isolation support body (2), the plug pin (43) is positioned in the middle of the four second bolts (42), convex strips (24) are arranged on two sides of the plug pin (43) along the circumferential direction of the isolation support body (2), and the convex strips (24) are fixed on the inner side surface of the isolation support body (2) and the inner side surface of the carbon ceramic friction body (3).

2. The carbon-ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for the high-speed motor train unit according to claim 1, wherein the inner side surface of the isolation support body (2) is provided with a protruding ring (21), the protruding ring (21) is sleeved outside the first bolt (41), and protruding strips (22) arranged along the diameter direction of the isolation support body (2) are connected outside the protruding ring (21).

3. The carbon-ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for high-speed motor train units according to claim 1, wherein the inner side surface of the isolation support body (2) is provided with arc-shaped protrusions (23), the arc-shaped protrusions (23) are located on two sides of the second bolt (42) along the circumferential direction of the isolation support body (2), the arc-shaped protrusions (23) comprise flat surfaces and arc-shaped surfaces, the flat surfaces of the arc-shaped protrusions (23) face the second bolt (42), and the flat surfaces of the arc-shaped protrusions (23) are parallel to the diameter direction of the isolation support body (2).

4. The carbon-ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for high-speed motor train units according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of annular heat dissipation grooves (27) are formed in the outer side surface of the isolation support body (2), a first protruding rib (25) is arranged on the inner side surface of the isolation support body (2) between two adjacent connection areas, and the first protruding rib (25) is arranged along the diameter direction of the isolation support body (2).

5. The carbon-ceramic wheel-mounted brake disc suitable for high-speed motor train units according to claim 4, wherein a second rib (26) is further arranged on the inner side surface of the isolation support body (2) between the first rib (25) and the connection area, the second rib (26) is arranged along the diameter direction of the isolation support body (2), and an arc-shaped bending section corresponding to the protruding ring (21) is arranged in the middle of the second rib (26).

6. The utility model provides a wheel suitable for high-speed EMUs, its characterized in that, wheel suitable for high-speed EMUs contains including basic disk body (1), all is equipped with annular mounting groove (11) in the both sides of basic disk body (1), all is equipped with the carbon pottery wheel dress brake disc suitable for high-speed EMUs of claim 1 in every annular mounting groove (11), and carbon Tao Maca body (3), isolation supporter (2), basic disk body (1), isolation supporter (2) and carbon Tao Maca body (3) are the range upon range of fixedly of connection in proper order.