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CN109841943B - Three-frequency MIMO antenna system applied to 5G communication and mobile terminal - Google Patents

Three-frequency MIMO antenna system applied to 5G communication and mobile terminal Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109841943B
CN109841943B CN201910155975.4A CN201910155975A CN109841943B CN 109841943 B CN109841943 B CN 109841943B CN 201910155975 A CN201910155975 A CN 201910155975A CN 109841943 B CN109841943 B CN 109841943B
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horizontal
radiation
vertical
feeding
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CN109841943A (en
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任周游
赵安平
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Shenzhen Sunway Communication Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Sunway Communication Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a three-frequency MIMO antenna system and a mobile terminal applied to 5G communication, wherein the antenna system comprises at least four antenna units, each antenna unit comprises a radiation structure and a feed structure, each radiation structure comprises a first horizontal radiation branch, a second horizontal radiation branch, a tail end radiation branch and a first vertical radiation branch, a first gap is arranged between the first horizontal radiation branch and the second horizontal radiation branch, and one end of the first vertical radiation branch far away from the first horizontal radiation branch is provided with a grounding point; the feed structure comprises a first horizontal feed branch, a first vertical feed branch, a second horizontal feed branch, a second vertical feed branch and a third horizontal feed branch which are sequentially connected, and a second gap is arranged between the first horizontal feed branch and the second horizontal feed branch. The antenna system can well cover three frequency ranges of 2.515-2.675 GHz, 3.4-3.6 GHz and 4.8-4.9 GHz; the antenna unit has small overall size and high efficiency, and is suitable for mobile terminals such as mobile phones and the like.

Description

Three-frequency MIMO antenna system applied to 5G communication and mobile terminal
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of antenna technologies, and in particular, to a three-frequency MIMO antenna system and a mobile terminal for 5G communication.
Background
With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the fifth generation (5G) wireless communication system will be commercially used in 2020. The 5G wireless communication system will use the following two different primary frequency bands: millimeter wave bands below 6GHz and above 6 GHz. Since the below 6GHz has the advantages of strong operability and mature technology, the below 6GHz 5G antenna system will be preferentially used. In a fourth generation mobile communication (4G) system, a 2×2 Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna has been widely studied and used in a handheld mobile device. According to the research results of various countries, the peak rate of the 5G technology is increased by tens of times compared with that of the current 4G technology, so that in order to meet the requirement of the 5G transmission rate, a 4 antenna system or more antennas are used to realize larger channel capacity and better communication quality. In addition, the MIMO antenna structure with multiple antennas can well solve the multipath fading problem and improve the data throughput.
Because of the limited space available for handheld devices, such as cell phones, how to design small-sized antennas would be a challenge in MIMO antenna system design. Another challenge faced in MIMO antenna systems is how to design a wideband or multi-frequency antenna system to cover a wider 5G Sub-6GHz band. Currently, three major operators in China have obtained national range 5G medium and low frequency band test frequency use permissions. Chinese telecommunication obtains a 5G test frequency resource with 3400-3500 MHz total 100MHz bandwidth; the method comprises the steps that a total 260MHz bandwidth 5G test frequency resource of 2515-2675 MHz and 4800-4900 MHz frequency ranges is obtained by Chinese movement, wherein 2515-2575 MHz, 2635-2675 MHz and 4800-4900 MHz frequency ranges are newly added frequency ranges, and the 2575-2635 MHz frequency ranges are the conventional TD-LTE (4G) frequency ranges of heavy-tillage Chinese movement; the Chinese Union obtains the 5G test frequency resource with the bandwidth of 3500-3600 MHz and the total 100 MHz. Therefore, designing a MIMO antenna system capable of covering all the domestic 5G frequency bands becomes an important point of research. Furthermore, in a MIMO antenna system, the isolation between antennas, and the Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) can have a crucial impact on the communication system.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: a MIMO antenna system and a mobile terminal for 5G communication are provided, which can cover a plurality of frequency bands.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the three-frequency MIMO antenna system applied to 5G communication comprises at least four antenna units, wherein each antenna unit comprises a radiation structure and a feed structure, each radiation structure comprises a first horizontal radiation branch, a second horizontal radiation branch, a tail end radiation branch and a first vertical radiation branch, one end of each first horizontal radiation branch is fixedly connected with one end of each first vertical radiation branch, one end of each second horizontal radiation branch is fixedly connected with each first vertical radiation branch, a first gap is arranged between each first horizontal radiation branch and each second horizontal radiation branch, the length value of each first horizontal radiation branch is larger than the length value of each second horizontal radiation branch, one end of each tail end radiation branch is fixedly connected with one end of each first horizontal radiation branch far away from each first vertical radiation branch, and one end of each first vertical radiation branch far away from each first horizontal radiation branch is provided with a grounding point; the feed structure comprises a first horizontal feed branch, a first vertical feed branch, a second horizontal feed branch, a second vertical feed branch and a third horizontal feed branch which are sequentially connected, a second gap is arranged between the first horizontal feed branch and the second horizontal feed branch, the third horizontal feed branch is close to the second horizontal radiation branch, and a feed point is arranged at one end of the first horizontal feed branch, which is far away from the first vertical feed branch.
Further, the antenna unit includes an antenna bracket, the radiation structure and the feed structure are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the antenna bracket, and the third horizontal feed branch and the second horizontal feed branch are provided with an overlapping region in the thickness direction of the antenna bracket.
Further, the width value of the first horizontal radiating branch is equal to the width value of the second horizontal radiating branch, and the width value of the first gap is 0.5-1.5 times of the width value of the first horizontal radiating branch.
Further, the width value of the first horizontal feed branch is equal to the width value of the second horizontal feed branch, and the width value of the second gap is 0.5-1.5 times of the width value of the first horizontal feed branch.
Further, the terminal radiating branch is disposed vertically with respect to the first horizontal radiating branch.
Further, the first vertical radiating branch comprises a bending part and a vertical part, the bending part is fixedly connected with the vertical part, the bending part and the vertical part are arranged at an included angle, and the first horizontal radiating branch and the second horizontal radiating branch are fixedly connected with the bending part.
Further, the included angle is 90 °.
Further, the operating frequency ranges of the antenna unit are 2.515-2.675 GHz, 3.4-3.6 GHz and 4.8-4.9 GHz.
The invention adopts another technical scheme that:
a mobile terminal comprises the three-frequency MIMO antenna system applied to 5G communication.
Further, the antenna unit also comprises a PCB board, wherein the shape of the PCB board is rectangular, and the antenna unit is arranged on the long side of the PCB board.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the antenna unit can work in three frequency ranges of 2.515-2.675 GHz, 3.4-3.6 GHz and 4.8-4.9 GHz by adjusting the branch lengths of the radiation structure and the feed structure and the sizes of the first gap and the second gap; the antenna unit has the advantages of small overall size, high efficiency, convenient manufacture, low cost and the like, and is suitable for mobile terminals such as mobile phones and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is another schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is another schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure shown at A in FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is a side view of an antenna unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is another schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is an S-parameter diagram of the 4×4MIMO antenna system of fig. 1;
fig. 8 is an efficiency diagram of the 4 x 4MIMO antenna system of fig. 1;
fig. 9 is an Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) of the 4 x 4MIMO antenna system of fig. 1;
fig. 10 is a current distribution diagram of an antenna unit operating at 2.6GHz according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a current distribution diagram of an antenna unit operating at 3.5GHz according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a current distribution diagram of an antenna unit operating at 4.8GHz according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals:
1. a PCB board; 2. an antenna unit; 21. a radiating structure; 211. a first horizontal radiating branch; 212. a second horizontal radiating branch; 213. a terminal radiating branch; 214. a first vertical radiating branch; 2141. a bending part; 2142. a vertical portion; 215. a first slit; 22. a feed structure; 221. a first horizontal feed branch; 222. a first vertical feed branch; 223. a second horizontal feed branch; 224. a second vertical feed branch; 225. a third horizontal feed branch; 226. a second slit; 23. an antenna support.
Detailed Description
In order to describe the technical contents, the achieved objects and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description will be made with reference to the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The most critical concept of the invention is as follows: by arranging the first slot on the radiating structure and the second slot on the feed structure, the antenna unit can cover three different frequency bands of 5G communication, and the efficiency is high.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, a three-frequency MIMO antenna system applied to 5G communication includes at least four antenna units 2, the antenna units 2 include a radiating structure 21 and a feeding structure 22, the radiating structure 21 includes a first horizontal radiating branch 211, a second horizontal radiating branch 212, a terminal radiating branch 213, and a first vertical radiating branch 214, one end of the first horizontal radiating branch 211 is fixedly connected with one end of the first vertical radiating branch 214, one end of the second horizontal radiating branch 212 is fixedly connected with the first vertical radiating branch 214, a first slot 215 is disposed between the first horizontal radiating branch 211 and the second horizontal radiating branch 212, the length value of the first horizontal radiating branch 211 is greater than the length value of the second horizontal radiating branch 212, one end of the terminal radiating branch 213 is fixedly connected with one end of the first horizontal radiating branch 211 far from the first vertical radiating branch 214, and one end of the first vertical radiating branch 214 far from the first horizontal radiating branch 211 is provided with a grounding point; the feeding structure 22 comprises a first horizontal feeding branch 221, a first vertical feeding branch 222, a second horizontal feeding branch 223, a second vertical feeding branch 224 and a third horizontal feeding branch 225 which are sequentially connected, a second gap 226 is arranged between the first horizontal feeding branch 221 and the second horizontal feeding branch 223, the third horizontal feeding branch 225 is close to the second horizontal radiation branch 212, and a feeding point is arranged at one end, far away from the first vertical feeding branch 222, of the first horizontal feeding branch 221.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the antenna unit can work in three frequency ranges of 2.515-2.675 GHz, 3.4-3.6 GHz and 4.8-4.9 GHz by adjusting the branch lengths of the radiation structure and the feed structure and the sizes of the first gap and the second gap; the antenna unit has the advantages of small overall size, high efficiency, convenient manufacture, low cost and the like, and is suitable for mobile terminals such as mobile phones and the like.
Further, the antenna unit 2 includes an antenna support 23, the radiating structure 21 and the feeding structure 22 are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the antenna support 23, and the third horizontal feeding branch 225 and the second horizontal radiating branch 212 are provided with overlapping areas in the thickness direction of the antenna support 23.
As is clear from the above description, the provision of the overlap region can better achieve coupling feeding, and the impedance matching of the antenna element can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the overlap region.
Further, the width of the first horizontal radiating branch 211 is equal to the width of the second horizontal radiating branch 212, and the width of the first slit 215 is 0.5-1.5 times the width of the first horizontal radiating branch 211.
As can be seen from the above description, the width of the first slit may be comparable to the width of the horizontal radiating branch.
Further, the width of the first horizontal feeding branch 221 is equal to the width of the second horizontal feeding branch 223, and the width of the second slit 226 is 0.5-1.5 times the width of the first horizontal feeding branch 221.
As is apparent from the above description, the width of the second slot may be equal to the width of the horizontal feed branch.
Further, the end radiating branch 213 is vertically arranged with respect to the first horizontal radiating branch 211.
Further, the first vertical radiating branch 214 includes a bending portion 2141 and a vertical portion 2142, the bending portion 2141 is fixedly connected to the vertical portion 2142, the bending portion 2141 is disposed at an angle to the vertical portion 2142, and the first horizontal radiating branch 211 and the second horizontal radiating branch 212 are fixedly connected to the bending portion 2141.
As can be seen from the above description, the radiation unit may be a bent structure, and the bent portion is located on the first vertical branch.
Further, the included angle is 90 °.
Further, the operating frequency range of the antenna unit 2 is 2.515-2.675 GHz, 3.4-3.6 GHz and 4.8-4.9 GHz.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, another technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
a mobile terminal comprises the three-frequency MIMO antenna system applied to 5G communication.
As can be seen from the above description, the antenna system is suitable for mobile terminals such as mobile phones, and is easy to manufacture and low in cost.
Further, the antenna further comprises a PCB 1, the shape of the PCB 1 is rectangular, and the antenna unit 2 is arranged on the long side of the PCB 1.
Referring to fig. 1 to 12, a first embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
a mobile terminal comprising a PCB board 1 and a tri-frequency MIMO antenna system applied to 5G communication, the tri-frequency MIMO antenna system comprising at least four antenna units 2. In fig. 1, the number of the antenna units 2 is 4, the shape of the PCB board 1 is rectangular, the size of the PCB board 1 is 150mm×75mm×0.8mm, the antenna units 2 are disposed on the long sides of the PCB board 1, two antenna units 2 are disposed on each long side, the antenna units 2 on the two long sides are symmetrically disposed relative to the short sides of the PCB board 1, the two antenna units 2 on each long side are symmetrically disposed relative to the middle point of the long side, and the directions of the antenna units 2 on the same long side are opposite. In fig. 2 and 3, the number of the antenna units 2 is 8, and each of the long sides of the PCB board 1 has 4 antenna units 2, and the antenna units 2 on each long side are symmetrically disposed with respect to the short sides of the PCB board 1. In fig. 2, the first antenna element 2 and the second antenna element 2 located on the same long side from left to right are oriented in the same direction, the third antenna element 2 and the fourth antenna element 2 are oriented in the same direction, the second antenna element 2 and the third antenna element 2 are disposed opposite to each other (i.e., the opening direction is opposite to each other), and fig. 3 is different from fig. 2 in that the second antenna element 2 and the third antenna element 2 are disposed opposite to each other (i.e., the opening direction is opposite to each other).
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the antenna unit 2 includes a radiating structure 21 and a feeding structure 22, where the radiating structure 21 includes a first horizontal radiating branch 211, a second horizontal radiating branch 212, a terminal radiating branch 213, and a first vertical radiating branch 214, one end of the first horizontal radiating branch 211 is fixedly connected with one end of the first vertical radiating branch 214, one end of the second horizontal radiating branch 212 is fixedly connected with the first vertical radiating branch 214, a first slot 215 is disposed between the first horizontal radiating branch 211 and the second horizontal radiating branch 212, and a length value of the first horizontal radiating branch 211 is greater than a length value of the second horizontal radiating branch 212, one end of the terminal radiating branch 213 is fixedly connected with one end of the first horizontal radiating branch 211 far away from the first vertical radiating branch 214, and one end of the first vertical radiating branch 214 far away from the first horizontal radiating branch 211 is provided with a grounding point. In this embodiment, the end radiating branch 213 is disposed vertically with respect to the first horizontal radiating branch 211, and the length of the end radiating branch 213 may be adjusted as required. The first horizontal radiating branch 211 is arranged in parallel with respect to the second horizontal radiating branch 212, and the first horizontal radiating branch 211 and the second horizontal radiating branch 212 are respectively arranged vertically with respect to the first vertical radiating branch 214. Preferably, the width of the first horizontal radiating branch 211 is equal to the width of the second horizontal radiating branch 212, the width of the first slit 215 is 0.5-1.5 times the width of the first horizontal radiating branch 211, and the width of the first slit 215 may be equal to the width of the first horizontal radiating branch 211. The feeding structure 22 comprises a first horizontal feeding branch 221, a first vertical feeding branch 222, a second horizontal feeding branch 223, a second vertical feeding branch 224 and a third horizontal feeding branch 225 which are sequentially connected, a second gap 226 is arranged between the first horizontal feeding branch 221 and the second horizontal feeding branch 223, the third horizontal feeding branch 225 is close to the second horizontal radiation branch 212, and a feeding point is arranged at one end, far away from the first vertical feeding branch 222, of the first horizontal feeding branch 221. In this embodiment, the antenna unit 2 includes an antenna support 23, the radiation structure 21 and the feed structure 22 are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the antenna support 23, and the third horizontal feed branch 225 and the second horizontal feed branch 212 are provided with an overlapping area in the thickness direction of the antenna support 23, and the thickness direction of the antenna support 23 is the direction in which the short side of the PCB board 1 is located. The first horizontal feeding branch 221 is disposed in parallel with respect to the second horizontal feeding branch 223, and the length of the first horizontal feeding branch 221 is almost equal to that of the second horizontal feeding branch 223, the width of the first horizontal feeding branch 221 is equal to that of the second horizontal feeding branch 223, the width of the second slit 226 is 0.5-1.5 times that of the first horizontal feeding branch 221, and the width of the second slit 226 may be equal to that of the first horizontal feeding branch 221. In this embodiment, the horizontal feed branch of the feed structure 22 is arranged vertically with respect to the vertical feed branch. When the radiating structure 21 and the feed structure 22 are on the same side between the antennas, it is necessary to resize the radiating structure 21 and the feed structure 22, in which case the third horizontal feed branch 225 and the second horizontal feed branch 212 have no overlapping area in the thickness direction of the antenna support 23.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the first vertical radiating branch 214 includes a bending portion 2141 and a vertical portion 2142, the bending portion 2141 is fixedly connected to the vertical portion 2142, the bending portion 2141 is disposed at an angle with the vertical portion 2142, and the first horizontal radiating branch 211 and the second horizontal radiating branch 212 are both fixedly connected to the bending portion 2141. Preferably, the included angle is 90 °. At this time, the third horizontal feed branch 225 and the second horizontal radiating branch 212 have no overlapping region in the thickness direction of the antenna support 23.
In another embodiment, the first horizontal radiating branch 211 is fixedly connected to the bending portion 2141, and the second horizontal radiating branch 212 is fixedly connected to the vertical portion 2142, i.e. the bending portion is located on the first vertical radiating branch 214 between the first horizontal radiating branch 211 and the second horizontal radiating branch 212.
Fig. 7 is an S-parameter diagram of the 4×4MIMO antenna system in fig. 1, and it is clear from the diagram that the-10 dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna can cover three 5G commercial frequency bands of 2.515-2.675 GHz, 3.4-3.6 GHz and 4.8-4.9 GHz, and the inter-antenna separation is better than 14dB. (since 4 antenna elements are of symmetrical structure, only S11 of one of the antenna elements is given).
Fig. 8 is a graph of the efficiency of the 4×4MIMO antenna system of fig. 1, where it can be seen that the antenna efficiency is better than 60% in all three frequency bands.
Fig. 9 shows the Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) of the 4×4MIMO antenna system of fig. 1, where it can be seen that the ECC between antenna units is less than 0.05 in all operating frequency bands.
To further illustrate the principle of operation of the MIMO antenna system of this embodiment, fig. 10-12 show current profiles for antenna elements operating at three resonant frequencies.
Fig. 10 shows a current distribution diagram of the antenna element operating at 2.6GHz, from which it can be seen that the current is mainly distributed over the first vertical radiating branch, the first horizontal radiating branch and the second horizontal radiating branch.
Fig. 11 shows a current distribution diagram of the antenna element operating at 3.5GHz, from which it can be seen that the current is concentrated on the branches of the feed structure, the resonant frequency of the second resonance of the antenna element being adjustable by adjusting the length of the branches of the feed structure.
Fig. 12 shows a current distribution diagram of the antenna element operating at 4.8GHz, from which it can be seen that the current is concentrated in the first horizontal radiating branch and the second horizontal radiating branch, the resonance being generated by the first slot.
In summary, the three-frequency MIMO antenna system and the mobile terminal applied to 5G communication provided by the invention can well cover three frequency ranges of 2.515-2.675 GHz, 3.4-3.6 GHz and 4.8-4.9 GHz; the antenna unit has the advantages of small overall size, high efficiency, convenient manufacture, low cost and the like, and is suitable for mobile terminals such as mobile phones and the like.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent changes made by the specification and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect application in the relevant art, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The three-frequency MIMO antenna system applied to 5G communication comprises at least four antenna units and is characterized in that each antenna unit comprises a radiation structure and a feed structure, each radiation structure comprises a first horizontal radiation branch, a second horizontal radiation branch, a tail end radiation branch and a first vertical radiation branch, one end of each first horizontal radiation branch is fixedly connected with one end of each first vertical radiation branch, one end of each second horizontal radiation branch is fixedly connected with each first vertical radiation branch, a first gap is arranged between each first horizontal radiation branch and each second horizontal radiation branch, the length value of each first horizontal radiation branch is larger than the length value of each second horizontal radiation branch, one end of each tail end radiation branch is fixedly connected with one end of each first horizontal radiation branch far away from each first vertical radiation branch, and one end of each first vertical radiation branch far away from each first horizontal radiation branch is provided with a grounding point; the feeding structure comprises a first horizontal feeding branch, a first vertical feeding branch, a second horizontal feeding branch, a second vertical feeding branch and a third horizontal feeding branch which are sequentially connected, a second gap is arranged between the first horizontal feeding branch and the second horizontal feeding branch, the third horizontal feeding branch is close to the second horizontal radiation branch, a feeding point is arranged at one end, far away from the first vertical feeding branch, of the first horizontal feeding branch, the width value of the first horizontal feeding branch is equal to that of the second horizontal feeding branch, and the width value of the second gap is 0.5-1.5 times of that of the first horizontal feeding branch; the width value of the first horizontal radiating branch is equal to that of the second horizontal radiating branch, and the width value of the first gap is 0.5-1.5 times of that of the first horizontal radiating branch.
2. The three-frequency MIMO antenna system for 5G communication according to claim 1, wherein the antenna unit comprises an antenna bracket, the radiating structure and the feeding structure are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the antenna bracket, and the third horizontal feeding branch and the second horizontal feeding branch are provided with overlapping areas in a thickness direction of the antenna bracket.
3. The three frequency MIMO antenna system for 5G communication of claim 1, wherein the terminal radiating branch is disposed vertically with respect to the first horizontal radiating branch.
4. The three-frequency MIMO antenna system for 5G communication according to claim 1, wherein the first vertical radiating branch comprises a bending portion and a vertical portion, the bending portion is fixedly connected with the vertical portion, the bending portion is disposed at an included angle with the vertical portion, and the first horizontal radiating branch and the second horizontal radiating branch are fixedly connected with the bending portion.
5. The three frequency MIMO antenna system for 5G communication as claimed in claim 4, wherein the included angle is 90 °.
6. The three-frequency MIMO antenna system for 5G communication according to claim 1, wherein the operating frequency range of the antenna unit is 2.515-2.675 ghz, 3.4-3.6 ghz, and 4.8-4.9 ghz.
7. A mobile terminal comprising a tri-frequency MIMO antenna system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 for use in 5G communications.
8. The mobile terminal of claim 7, further comprising a PCB board, the PCB board having a rectangular shape, the antenna unit being disposed on a long side of the PCB board.
CN201910155975.4A 2019-03-01 2019-03-01 Three-frequency MIMO antenna system applied to 5G communication and mobile terminal Active CN109841943B (en)

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