CN109830802B - Millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna - Google Patents
Millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN109830802B CN109830802B CN201910015492.4A CN201910015492A CN109830802B CN 109830802 B CN109830802 B CN 109830802B CN 201910015492 A CN201910015492 A CN 201910015492A CN 109830802 B CN109830802 B CN 109830802B
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005388 cross polarization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna, which comprises: the first layer structure, the second layer structure, the third layer structure and the fourth layer structure are sequentially laminated. The invention receives signals through a pair of orthogonal microstrip lines, and transmits the signals to the second metal patch with the second through hole through the lead, and then the orthogonal signals are coupled to the four first metal patches which are arranged in a central symmetry way and provided with the first through hole, so that two orthogonal modes are excited, and the dual-polarization working effect is achieved. The external quality factor of the radiator and the coupling coefficient between the radiator and the second metal patch can be regulated and controlled through the first through hole on the first metal patch, and the coupling coefficient between the radiator and the first metal patch can be controlled through the second through hole on the second metal patch, so that the millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna can obtain proper bandwidth and impedance matching under the condition of lower profile height, and broadband coverage under the condition of low profile of the antenna is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave communication, in particular to a millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna.
Background
The layout and development of 5G communications has driven research and application of millimeter wave antennas. The dual polarized millimeter wave antenna can simultaneously receive or transmit signals in two different polarization directions, so that the dual polarized millimeter wave antenna has better adaptability and wider application compared with the single polarized millimeter wave antenna. Meanwhile, the millimeter wave antenna is developed towards a packaging antenna, so that the low-profile millimeter wave antenna with enough working bandwidth is beneficial to reducing cost, improving yield and being beneficial to the development trend of lightening and thinning of a system. In view of the foregoing, millimeter wave systems are highly in need of low-profile broadband dual-polarized millimeter wave antennas, and their main design challenges are bandwidth, profile height, polarization performance uniformity, etc.
The patch antenna has a simple structure and a low profile, and is easy to form millimeter wave dual-polarized antenna design by using two orthogonal modes, however, most of traditional patch antennas have contradiction between the working bandwidth and the antenna profile height, and cannot realize millimeter wave broadband low-profile design. The stacked patch antenna can improve contradiction between the antenna section height and the bandwidth to a certain extent, such as stacked square patches, stacked jersey cooling cross antennas, crossed strip feed stacked square patches and the like, however, the antenna lacks regulation means of coupling coefficients among the patches and external quality factors of the antenna, so that the antenna section height cannot be sufficiently reduced while a certain working bandwidth is obtained or good impedance matching cannot be obtained; meanwhile, the back radiation of part of the antennas is unfavorable for the system integration of the millimeter wave antennas, and the consistency of the part of antennas on two polarizations is poor and unfavorable for the system equalization.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna. The technical scheme is as follows:
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna, including: a first layer structure, a second layer structure, a third layer structure and a fourth layer structure which are sequentially laminated,
Four first metal patches are uniformly arranged around the center of the first layer structure, each first metal patch is provided with a first through hole,
A second metal patch is arranged on the second layer structure, a second through hole is arranged on the second metal patch, the center of the second metal patch is coincident with the center of the second layer structure,
The third layer structure is provided with a metal earth, the metal earth is provided with a third through hole for the lead to pass through,
The fourth layer structure is provided with a pair of orthogonal microstrip lines, and one end of each microstrip line is connected with the second metal patch through a lead.
In the millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention, the second metal patch is disposed parallel to the first metal patch, and a connection line between the center of the second metal patch and the center of the first layer structure is perpendicular to the second metal patch.
In the millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention, the center of each first through hole coincides with the center of the corresponding first metal patch, and the center of the second through hole coincides with the center of the second metal patch.
In the millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention, the first metal patch is a square metal patch.
In the millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention, the first metal patch is a copper foil patch.
In the millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention, the first through hole is a square hole or a circular shape.
In the millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention, the second metal patch is a square metal patch.
In the millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention, the second metal patch is a copper foil patch.
In the millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention, the second through hole is a square hole or a circular shape.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The signals are received through a pair of orthogonal microstrip lines and are conducted to a second metal patch with a second through hole through a lead, and then the orthogonal signals are coupled to four first metal patches which are arranged in a central symmetry mode and provided with first through holes, so that two orthogonal modes are excited, and the dual-polarization working effect is achieved. The external quality factor of the radiator and the coupling coefficient between the radiator and the second metal patch can be regulated and controlled through the first through hole on the first metal patch, and the coupling coefficient between the radiator and the first metal patch can be controlled through the second through hole on the second metal patch, so that the millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna can obtain proper bandwidth and impedance matching under the condition of lower profile height, the contradiction problem of the profile height and bandwidth in the millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna is solved, and broadband coverage under the condition of low profile of the antenna is realized. In addition, a pair of orthogonal microstrip lines are placed below the metal ground and are connected with the second metal patch for feeding through a third through hole on the metal ground, so that dual-polarized feeding with isolation is realized, backward leakage of the antenna is avoided, and the back radiation of the antenna is small.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a side view of a millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a first layer structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a second layer structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a third layer structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a fourth layer structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is an exemplary diagram of simulation results of a millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a radiation pattern of a millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna at 26GHz when the port 1 is excited according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is a radiation pattern of a millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna at 26GHz when the port 1 is excited according to still another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a radiation pattern of a millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna at 26GHz when the port 2 is excited according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a radiation pattern of a millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna at 26GHz when the port 2 is excited according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
An embodiment of the present invention provides a millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna, referring to fig. 1, the millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna may include: a first layer structure 1, a second layer structure 2, a third layer structure 3, and a fourth layer structure 4, which are laminated in this order.
Referring to fig. 2, four first metal patches 5 are uniformly arranged on the first layer structure 1 around the center thereof, and each first metal patch 5 is provided with a first through hole 6.
In this embodiment, four first metal patches 5 (in the form of 2×2 in fig. 1) are uniformly disposed on the first layer structure 1 at the central position thereof and around the center thereof, and a first through hole 6 is formed at the central position of each first metal patch 5. Preferably, the first metal patch 5 may be square, and the first through hole 6 may be various through holes of central symmetry shape, for example: square through holes, circular through holes, etc., the first metal patch 5 may be made of gold foil.
Referring to fig. 3, a second metal patch 7 is disposed on the second layer structure 2, and a second through hole 8 is formed on the second metal patch 7, where the center of the second metal patch 7 coincides with the center of the second layer structure 2.
In the present embodiment, the second metal patch 7 is provided at the center position of the second layer structure 2, and the second through hole 8 is provided at the center position of the second metal patch 7. Preferably, the second metal patch 7 may be square, and the second through hole 8 may be various through holes having a central symmetry shape, for example: square through holes, circular through holes, etc., the second metal patch 7 may be made of gold foil.
Referring to fig. 4, the third layer structure 3 is provided with a metal ground 9, and the metal ground 9 is provided with a third through hole 10 for a wire to pass through.
Referring to fig. 5, a pair of orthogonal microstrip lines 11 is provided on the fourth layer structure 4, and one end of each microstrip line 11 is connected to the second metal patch 7 through a wire.
In this embodiment, the signal is conducted to the second metal patch 7 with the second through hole 8 through a pair of orthogonal microstrip lines 11 (the conductor passes through the third through hole 10 on the metal ground 9), and then the orthogonal signal is coupled to the four first metal patches 5 with the first through hole 6 arranged in a central symmetry manner, so that two orthogonal modes are excited, thereby achieving the dual polarization working effect. The quality factor outside the radiator and the coupling coefficient between the radiator and the second metal patch 7 can be regulated and controlled through the first through hole 6 on the first metal patch 5, and the coupling coefficient between the radiator and the first metal patch 5 can be controlled through the second through hole 8 on the second metal patch 7, so that the millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna can obtain proper bandwidth and impedance matching under the condition of lower profile height, and broadband coverage under the condition of low profile of the antenna is realized.
In addition, a pair of orthogonal microstrip lines 11 are placed below the metal ground 9, and are connected with the second metal patch 7 through a third through hole 10 on the metal ground 9 for feeding, so that dual-polarized feeding with isolation is realized, backward leakage of the antenna is avoided, and the back radiation of the antenna is small.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 1, the second metal patch 7 is disposed parallel to the first metal patch 5, and a line connecting the center of the second metal patch 7 with the center of the first layer structure 1 is perpendicular to the second metal patch 7.
Further, the center of the first through hole 6 coincides with the center of its corresponding first metal patch 5, and the center of the second through hole 8 coincides with the center of the second metal patch 7.
In this embodiment, the second metal patch 7 is disposed directly under the 2 x 2 first metal patch 5 structures (i.e., the second metal patch 7 is disposed parallel to the first metal patch 5, and the connection line between the center of the second metal patch 7 and the center of the first layer structure 1 is perpendicular to the second metal patch 7), meanwhile, the center of the first through hole 6 coincides with the center of the corresponding first metal patch 5, and the center of the second through hole 8 coincides with the center of the second metal patch 7, so that the symmetry of the overall antenna structure is ensured, and the performance consistency of the millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna on two polarizations is high.
The simulation of the millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna is described below with reference to fig. 6 to 10:
First, the matching response, port isolation and radiation response simulated by the millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna are shown in fig. 6, and the 10-dB matching bandwidth is 24.3-28.3GHz, that is, the relative bandwidth reaches 15%, so that the antenna can cover one frequency band of 5G millimeter waves. The isolation value of the port in the working frequency band is more than 23dB, and the gain range in the frequency band is 5.6-6.6dBi. Second, fig. 7-10 are simulated patterns of the antenna at 26GHz when ports 1 and 2 are excited, and it can be seen that the 3dB beam bandwidths of the two ports of the antenna are 87 ° on both the E-plane and the H-plane, with cross polarization levels greater than 24dB. The simulation process uses a substrate with a dielectric constant of 3.38 and a loss angle of 0.0027, and the thickness of the antenna is 0.6mm, i.e. the section height at the center frequency of 26GHz is 0.052λ 0.
In the embodiment of the invention, the signals are received through the pair of orthogonal microstrip lines and are conducted to the second metal patch with the second through hole through the lead, and then the orthogonal signals are coupled to the four first metal patches which are symmetrically arranged at the center and provided with the first through hole, so that two orthogonal modes are excited, and the dual-polarization working effect is achieved. The external quality factor of the radiator and the coupling coefficient between the radiator and the second metal patch can be regulated and controlled through the first through hole on the first metal patch, and the coupling coefficient between the radiator and the first metal patch can be controlled through the second through hole on the second metal patch, so that the millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna can obtain proper bandwidth and impedance matching under the condition of lower profile height, the contradiction problem of the profile height and bandwidth in the millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna is solved, and broadband coverage under the condition of low profile of the antenna is realized. In addition, a pair of orthogonal microstrip lines are placed below the metal ground and are connected with the second metal patch for feeding through a third through hole on the metal ground, so that dual-polarized feeding with isolation is realized, backward leakage of the antenna is avoided, and the back radiation of the antenna is small.
The foregoing embodiment numbers of the present invention are merely for the purpose of description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna, comprising: a first layer structure (1), a second layer structure (2), a third layer structure (3) and a fourth layer structure (4) which are sequentially laminated,
Four first metal patches (5) are uniformly arranged on the first layer structure (1) around the center of the first layer structure, a first through hole (6) is formed in each first metal patch (5),
A second metal patch (7) is arranged on the second layer structure (2), a second through hole (8) is arranged on the second metal patch (7), the center of the second metal patch (7) coincides with the center of the second layer structure (2),
A metal earth (9) is arranged on the third layer structure (3), a third through hole (10) for a wire to pass through is arranged on the metal earth (9),
A pair of orthogonal microstrip lines (11) are arranged on the fourth layer structure (4), and one end of each microstrip line (11) is connected with the second metal patch (7) through a wire;
The first metal patch (5) is a square metal patch, the first through hole (6) is a square hole or a round shape, the second metal patch (7) is a square metal patch, and the second through hole (8) is a square hole or a round shape.
2. The millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein the second metal patch (7) is arranged in parallel with the first metal patch (5), and a line connecting the center of the second metal patch (7) with the center of the first layer structure (1) is perpendicular to the second metal patch (7).
3. A millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that the center of each first via (6) coincides with the center of its corresponding first metal patch (5), and the center of the second via (8) coincides with the center of the second metal patch (7).
4. The millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna of claim 1, wherein the first metal patch (5) is a copper foil patch.
5. The millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna of claim 1, wherein the second metal patch (7) is a copper foil patch.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910015492.4A CN109830802B (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2019-01-08 | Millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna |
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| CN201910015492.4A CN109830802B (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2019-01-08 | Millimeter wave dual-polarized patch antenna |
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| CN109830802B true CN109830802B (en) | 2024-05-24 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110504534A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-11-26 | 深圳市航天华拓科技有限公司 | A kind of dual polarized antenna |
| CN111162379B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2023-04-07 | 上海微波技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第五十研究所） | Polarization adjustable antenna array based on double-layer patch antenna |
| CN113224515B (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2022-07-29 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Antenna device and base station equipment |
| CN113764861B (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2024-03-01 | 安徽大学 | Broadband 5G millimeter wave communication base station antenna |
| CN114784494B (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2023-11-07 | 南通至晟微电子技术有限公司 | Broadband decoupling laminated patch antenna |
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