CN109795010A - Continuous surface exposure ceramic 3D printing device and working method thereof - Google Patents
Continuous surface exposure ceramic 3D printing device and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109795010A CN109795010A CN201910090004.6A CN201910090004A CN109795010A CN 109795010 A CN109795010 A CN 109795010A CN 201910090004 A CN201910090004 A CN 201910090004A CN 109795010 A CN109795010 A CN 109795010A
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a continuous surface exposure ceramic 3D printing device and a working method thereof, wherein before printing, a raw material supply unit fills ceramic slurry into a window box; after the ceramic slurry in the first slurry tank is pumped out by the water pump, the ceramic slurry is input into the second slurry tank through a second slurry conveying pipeline, the ceramic slurry in the second slurry tank flows into a liquid storage tank of the window box through the second slurry conveying pipeline, the ceramic slurry in the liquid storage tank of the window box flows into the first slurry tank through the first slurry conveying pipeline, and the ceramic slurry in the first slurry tank, the liquid storage tank and the second slurry tank circularly flows through the water pump; and continuous surface exposure technology is adopted, so that continuous molding of ceramic 3D printing is realized, and continuous printing is realized.
Description
Technical field
This disclosure relates to which a kind of continuous surface exposes ceramic 3D printing device and its working method.
Background technique
The statement of this part is only to refer to background technique relevant to the disclosure, not necessarily constitutes the prior art.
Ceramic material has high intensity, high rigidity, high temperature resistant, resistance to oxidation, corrosion-resistant, stable chemical performance and lightweight (low
Density) outstanding advantages of, have in numerous areas such as aerospace, biologic medical, automobile, electricity, the energy, national defence and widely answers
With.However traditional ceramic forming technique faces processing difficulties (especially complex set shape and structure molding is more difficult), system
The deficiencies of making long period, high production cost and limitation, restrict ceramic part and are more widely applied.Compared to traditional pottery
Porcelain moulding process, ceramic 3D printing technique have following significant advantage: (1) being not necessarily to blank and mold, with short production cycle, manufacture
It is at low cost；(2) accuracy of manufacture is high；(3) almost arbitrary shape labyrinth can be achieved to form, breach traditional handicraft manufacture geometry
The constraint of shape；(4) it is suitble to personalized customization and Single unit job lot production；(5) moulding material type is extensive, such as zirconium oxide, oxygen
Change aluminium, tricalcium phosphate, silicon carbide, carbon titanium silicide, ceramic forerunner, ceramic matric composite etc..In addition, being beaten in micro parts 3D
In terms of print, ceramic/metal composite materials and functionally graded material and material-structure-function integration printing aspect also has
Unique advantage.
Ceramic 3D printing technique has ten several potteries according to the difference of ceramic material and the difference of usage is used at present
Porcelain 3D moulding process.Ceramic 3D printing technique is broadly divided into: stereolithography apparatus (SLA)；Selective laser sintering (SLS)；
Inkjet printing forms (IJP)；3 D-printing forms (3DP)；Direct write free forming (DIW)；Fused glass pellet (FDC)；Lamination
Entity manufactures (LOM).Wherein, Stereolithography technology mainly has a point by point scanning formula photocuring and face exposure curing, but all faces
The problem of facing printing layering, this not only influences the surface quality of molded part, but also leads to molded part there are anisotropy etc. to ask
Topic.Furthermore the printed material of photocuring 3D printing technique is mainly liquid material, all there is liquid material and consolidation zone is filled out
The problem of filling.Especially face exposes photocuring technology, the printed material excessively high for viscosity, it is necessary to screeding device be added, this increasing
Add the molding time of part and the complexity of printing equipment, therefore greatly prolongs the whole print time.
Therefore, existing various ceramic 3D printing techniques still suffer from following challenge problem: printing effect is low；Successively beat
It the defects of print causes forming part there are anisotropic, leads to be easy to during follow-up sintering cracked, deformation, seriously affects
The quality and precision of printout.There is an urgent need to develop new technique and technologies.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, present disclose provides a kind of continuous surfaces to expose ceramic 3D printing device, method
And ceramic slurry, combine the compound oxygen permeable membrane of window box, liquid level additional pressure applicator module, size circulations module, specific preparation
Ceramic slurry and matched recirculation unit can effectively realize the raising of 1. dead zone oxygen content, 2. bigger quality and more
3. the adaptation of big slurries dead zone and solidifies the slurry rapid recharge between liquid level.So as to be directed to multiple types ceramic powder
Large scale, arbitrary shape drip molding low cost, high-efficiency and continuous printing are carried out under a variety of solid concentrations.
In a first aspect, present disclose provides a kind of continuous surfaces to expose ceramic 3D printing device；
A kind of ceramic 3D printing device of continuous surface exposure, comprising: machine case body, the machine case body are divided by intermediate bulkhead
Upper chamber and lower chambers, the lower chambers are equipped with image-forming module, and the upper chamber is equipped with window box, ceramic slurry circulation conveying mould
Block, oxygen supply refrigerating module and hydraulic additional pressure applicator module, the window box and oxygen supply refrigerating module are fixedly mounted on middle interval
On plate, the oxygen supply refrigerating module is arranged in the underface of window box, the imaging device be arranged in the window box just under
Side, the surface of the window box are equipped with print platform, and the print platform is mounted on Z-direction workbench, the window box with
The connection of raw material feed unit；The window box is equipped with reservoir；
The ceramic slurry circulation conveying module, comprising: the one of window box is arranged in the first slurry tank, the first slurry tank
The input port of side, first slurry tank is connect by the first slurry transport lines with window box, the delivery outlet of the first slurry tank
It is connected by the input terminal of pipeline and water pump；Agitating device is installed in first slurry tank；The output end of water pump passes through third
Slurry transport lines are connect with the input port of the second slurry tank, and the other side of window box, the second slurry is arranged in the second slurry tank
The delivery outlet of hopper is connect by the second slurry transport lines with window box；The window box is also connect with raw material feed unit；
Before printing, raw material feed unit pours into ceramic slurry in window box；Water pump is by the ceramic slurry in the first slurry tank
It after material extraction, is input in the second slurry tank by the second slurry transport lines, the ceramic slurry in the second slurry tank passes through the
Two slurry transport lines are flowed into the reservoir of window box, and the ceramic slurry in the reservoir of window box is defeated by the first slurry
It send pipeline to be flowed into the first slurry tank, realizes ceramic slurry in the first slurry tank, reservoir and the second slurry tank by water pump
Interior ceramic slurry circulates, and wherein flow rates are 0.5~1.5ml/min.
Using continuous surface exposure technique, the continuously shaped of ceramic 3D printing is realized；Basic principle: the effect of oxygen inhibition is utilized
It answers, oxygen forms one layer of region that cannot be cured by ultraviolet, referred to as through window box and ceramic slurry bottom liquid face contact
" dead zone "；And ultraviolet (uv) transmission continues to generate light polymerization above dead zone by dead zone, while avoiding cured ceramics
The adhesion of slurry and bottom windows；Ultraviolet light Continuous irradiation ceramic slurry, print platform continuously rise, and realize continuous printing.
Second aspect, the disclosure additionally provide a kind of ceramic 3D printing method of continuous surface exposure；
A kind of ceramic 3D printing method of continuous surface exposure, comprising:
Ceramic slurry preparation steps: first match control surface modified ceramic powder with dehydrated alcohol, surface modifier and ceramic powder；Again
Prepare organic mixture solution step；Then surface modified ceramic powder is added portionwise into organic mixture solution and prepares free radical
Type resin base aluminium oxide ceramics slurry；Raw material feed unit finally is added in ceramic slurry；
Ceramic slurry dynamic equilibrium step: raw material feed unit pours into ceramic slurry in window box；Water pump is starched first
After ceramic slurry extraction in hopper, it is input in the second slurry tank by the second slurry transport lines, in the second slurry tank
Ceramic slurry is flowed into the reservoir of window box by the second slurry transport lines, the ceramic slurry in the reservoir of window box
It is flowed into the first slurry tank by the first slurry transport lines, realizes ceramic slurry in the first slurry tank, liquid storage by water pump
Ceramic slurry circulates in slot and the second slurry tank, and wherein flow rates are 0.5~1.5ml/min；
Printing step: Z-direction workbench drives print platform to be moved downwardly to initialization position, and print platform is immersed in pottery
In porcelain slurry, and the compound oxygen permeable membrane in print platform and window box keeps set distance；
Host computer is by projected image successive projection to molding window, and using the effect of oxygen inhibition, oxygen penetrates window box
With ceramic slurry bottom liquid face contact, one layer of region that cannot be cured by ultraviolet is formed, referred to as " dead zone "；And ultraviolet (uv) transmission
By dead zone, continue to generate light polymerization above dead zone, while avoiding the viscous of cured ceramic slurry and bottom windows
Even, it finally projects on the substrate of print platform, ceramic slurry curing is simultaneously bonded on the substrate of print platform；Projected image with
The rising of print platform and make corresponding transformation, ultraviolet light Continuous irradiation ceramic slurry, photocuring ceramic slurry continue exist
Cured region continuously solidifies, and print platform continuously rises, and realizes continuous printing；Until photocuring operation is completed.
Further, further include post-processing step after the completion of photocuring operation:
It is cleaned and dried: biscuit of ceramics is taken out, remove the uncured ceramic slurry in biscuit surface with dehydrated alcohol, it will be ceramic
Biscuit is put into the drying carried out in 30-60 DEG C of vacuum oven 2-4 hours；
Solidify afterwards: the biscuit of ceramics being cleaned and dried being put into after UV solidification case carries out 1-3h and is solidified, ultraviolet wavelength 365-
405nm；
It is degreasing sintered: the biscuit part that will be handled well be put into degreasing sintered furnace carry out it is degreasing sintered, according to the pottery of unlike material
Porcelain slurry carries out process route selection；
Surface treatment: the ceramic member surface that sintering is completed is surface-treated by polishing.
Further, first match control surface modified ceramic powder with dehydrated alcohol, surface modifier and ceramic powder, specific steps:
First it is the mixed solution of 2%~10% concentration with dehydrated alcohol and surface modifying agent percent by volume, then is with volume ratio
The mixed solution is added in ceramic powder by 4:1~8:1 ratio, in 40 DEG C~50 DEG C of at a temperature of 7~10h of magnetic agitation, is crossed and is filtered dry
It is dry to obtain surface modified ceramic powder；
Further, the specific steps of organic mixture solution are prepared: by free radical type photosensitive resin and polyacrylic acid PAA
Dose volume ratio is 0.5%~1% organic mixture solution；
Further, surface modified ceramic powder is added portionwise into organic mixture solution and prepares free radical type resin base oxygen
Change the specific steps of aluminium ceramic slurry: using organic mixture solution as solvent, being added portionwise into organic mixture solution
Surface modified ceramic powder, addition percent by volume is 30%~55%, while being aided with 4~8h of high-speed stirred, and the range of speeds is
2000~2500r/min, until powder lot dispersing is uniform, then to stir at low speed 1~3h of de-bubble, the range of speeds is 400~700r/
Min, gain freedom fundamental mode resin base aluminium oxide ceramics slurry；
Further, the surface modifier can be Silane coupling reagent KH-570.
In the printing stage, Z-direction workbench is with setting speed continuance lifting, while image-forming module continuously plays layer images letter
Breath；The ultraviolet selective that ultraviolet LED lamp generates is irradiated on slurry, and print platform is constantly by cured slurry pull-up, window
Endlessly supplement solidifies required liquid slurry upwards in mouth cassette bottom portion slurry dead zone, so that print procedure serialization；
Post-processing: after completing part printing, image-forming module, oilless air compressor and size circulations module are closed；Z-direction work
It is in situ that platform drives print platform and printing part to return；Remove print platform and printing part；Finally, part will be printed from printing
It is removed on platform.
It is further preferred that the comprehensive refraction to oxygen-enriched film strength, translucency, oxygen permeability, service life to incident light
Rate is considered, and has selected polyetherimde films (PEI) as supporting layer, 0.1 μm~0.5 μm of average pore size, and porosity is not low
In 75%；PDMS is as oxygen-rich layer, so that oxygen-rich layer thickness control is in range at 0.1-1 μm.Final compound oxygen permeable membrane has height
(oxygen transmission coefficient is in 50barrer or more), high light transmittance (for wavelength in 400nm uv transmittance below for oxygen permeability
75%) and higher intensity (be not less than 20kPa) not less than, the ceramic slurry of 100 μm of size ceramic particles can at least be supported；
Preferably, the ceramic powder of ceramic slurry used in above-mentioned can for zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide, silicon nitride, magnesia,
One of yttrium oxide or multiple combinations, the ceramic particle average-size used can be 0.5-10 μm, and powder shape can be polygon
Shape or spherical shape；
When zirconia ceramics powder body being selected to prepare ceramic slurry, corresponding dispersing agent is anionic electrolyte polyacrylic acid
Or polymethylacrylic acid；
When alumina ceramic powder being selected to prepare ceramic slurry, corresponding dispersing agent is anionic electrolyte polyacrylic acid
Or polymethylacrylic acid；
Select silicon nitride ceramics powder when preparing ceramic slurry, corresponding dispersing agent be tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH),
Calgon (SHMP) or Darvan-c.
Preferably, the surface modifying method of ceramic powder has surface chemical modification, capsule-type modification, mechanochemical modification, sinks
In shallow lake reaction modifying, high power treatment modification and six kinds of methods of surface coverage, selects mechanochemical modification and surface to cover and changed
Property combines.The coupling agent that wherein can choose has KH-570, A-174, KBM-503, Z-6030.
Preferably, when ceramic powder particles size is less than 1 μm, to overcome between reunion and ceramic powder and premixed liquid quickly
Lamination, zirconia ceramics powder and aluminium oxide ceramics powder, using anionic electrolyte polyacrylic acid and polymethylacrylic acid
Dispersed；Silicon nitride ceramic, using tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH), calgon (SHMP) and Darvan-c.
Preferably, the ceramic slurry, forms by volume are as follows: surface modified ceramic powder: free radical type photosensitive resin:
Dispersing agent=30~55: 44~69.5: 0.5~1；
The surface modified ceramic powder be first with dehydrated alcohol and surface modifying agent percent by volume be 2%~
The mixed solution of 10% concentration, then ceramic powder is added for 4:1~8:1 ratio by the mixed solution with volume ratio, 40 DEG C~50
7~10h of magnetic agitation at a temperature of DEG C, filtration drying obtain；
The ceramic powder is one of zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide, silicon carbide, magnesia or yttrium oxide or multiple combinations；
The surface modifier is KH-570, A-174, KBM-503 or Z-6030.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the disclosure is:
(1) the continuous surface exposure printing of ceramic slurry is realized.The present invention applies to ceramics using continuous surface exposure technique
The printing of slurry can solve the lamination problem of traditional photocuring ceramics 3D printing technique, realize the company of photocuring ceramic slurry
Continuous rapid curing, can achieve the unlimited exquisiteness of forming part, improves formed precision；
(2) by liquid level additional pressure applicator module, backflow of slurry speed in continuous print procedure is improved, realize dead zone and is consolidated
Change the slurry rapid recharge of liquid level, improves print speed；By liquid level additional pressure applicator module, improves large-scale part and produced
Backflow of slurry speed in journey, dead zone and consolidation zone large area slurry quickly return in effective solution large-scale part manufacturing process
Problem is flowed, the high speed for realizing arbitrary shape large sized object continuously prints；
(3) printing effect is high.Size circulations module of the invention makes the slurry in window box always along with a constant speed
The flowing of degree, and the inflow of " fresh " slurry and the outflow of existing slurry are always existed, at the same time, in the first slurry tank
There is agitating device to be constantly stirred to slurry.This just makes the slurry in window box be not in layering, can save cleaning
The time of window box；
(4) it assembles at low cost.All devices using being all inexpensive consumptive material, greatly reduce the installation of printing equipment at
This；
(5) printed material applicability is wide, expands the technique scope of application.For different ceramic material requirements, Ke Yitong
Cross the printing speed for preparing different photocuring ceramic slurries to realize different biscuit of ceramics.
(6) when printing, the slurry in the first slurry tank, reservoir and the second slurry tank is always flowing, and is solidified
There will be no apparent laminations for slurry in slot, and agitating device, the range of speeds are 1000~1500r/min, and into
One step weakens this phenomenon；
The present invention realizes more ceramic materials, the low cost of labyrinth miniature precision ceramic part, high-efficiency and continuous printing,
Suitable material is extensive, and the precision and quality of printout is high, and consistency is good, and process stabilizing is reliable, has extensive industrial application valence
Value.
Detailed description of the invention
The accompanying drawings constituting a part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows
Meaning property embodiment and its explanation are not constituted an undue limitation on the present application for explaining the application.
Fig. 1 is the cabinet front view of the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 2 is the cabinet top view of the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 3 is the window box and oxygen supply cooling chamber explosion diagram of the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 4 is the 3D printing result of the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 5 is the 3D printing result of the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 6 is the sintered zirconium oxide SEM shape appearance figure of the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 7 is that the building sky part of the embodiment of the present application prints the surface quality of biscuit.
Wherein, 1, DLP ray machine；2, ultraviolet LED lamp；3, cooling unit is supplied oxygen；4, oilless air compressor；5, cooling air inlet pipe
Road；6, charged air induction pipeline；7, cooling outlet pipe；8, cooling chamber is supplied oxygen；801, suprasil plate；9, window box；10, raw material
Feed unit；11, the first slurry tank；12, the first slurry transport lines；13, agitating device；14, the second slurry tank；15, second
Slurry transport lines；16, print platform；17, connecting bracket；18, Z-direction workbench；19, third slurry transport lines；20, water
Pump；21, pressing plate；22, compound oxygen permeable membrane；23, seal washer；24, reservoir.
Specific embodiment
It is noted that described further below be all exemplary, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another
It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular
Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of continuous surface exposes ceramic 3D printing device, comprising: machine case body, the machine case body is in
Spacing board is divided into upper chamber and lower chambers, and the lower chambers are equipped with image-forming module, and the upper chamber is equipped with window box 9, ceramic slurry
Expect circulation conveying module, oxygen supply refrigerating module and hydraulic additional pressure applicator module, the window box and oxygen supply refrigerating module are fixed
It is mounted on intermediate bulkhead, the underface of window box is arranged in the oxygen supply refrigerating module, and the imaging device is arranged described
The surface of the underface of window box, the window box is equipped with print platform 16, and the print platform is mounted on Z-direction workbench 18
On, the window box is connect with raw material feed unit 10；The window box is equipped with reservoir 24；
As shown in Fig. 2, the ceramic slurry circulation conveying module, comprising: the first slurry tank 11, the setting of the first slurry tank exist
The input port of the side of window box, first slurry tank is connect by the first slurry transport lines 12 with window box, the first slurry
The delivery outlet of hopper is connect by pipeline with the input terminal of water pump 20；Agitating device 13 is installed in first slurry tank；Water pump
Output end connect with the input port of the second slurry tank 14 by third slurry transport lines 19, the setting of the second slurry tank is in window
The delivery outlet of the other side of box, the second slurry tank is connect by the second slurry transport lines 15 with window box；The window box
Also it is connect with raw material feed unit；
Before printing, raw material feed unit pours into ceramic slurry in window box；Water pump is by the ceramic slurry in the first slurry tank
It after material extraction, is input in the second slurry tank by the second slurry transport lines, the ceramic slurry in the second slurry tank passes through the
Two slurry transport lines are flowed into the reservoir of window box, and the ceramic slurry in the reservoir of window box is defeated by the first slurry
It send pipeline to be flowed into the first slurry tank, realizes ceramic slurry in the first slurry tank, reservoir and the second slurry tank by water pump
Interior ceramic slurry circulates.
Using continuous surface exposure technique, the continuously shaped of ceramic 3D printing is realized；Basic principle: the effect of oxygen inhibition is utilized
It answers, oxygen forms one layer of region that cannot be cured by ultraviolet, referred to as through window box and ceramic slurry bottom liquid face contact
" dead zone "；And ultraviolet (uv) transmission continues to generate light polymerization above dead zone by dead zone, while avoiding cured ceramics
The adhesion of slurry and bottom windows；Ultraviolet light Continuous irradiation ceramic slurry, print platform continuously rise, and realize continuous printing.
Further, the oxygen supply refrigerating module, including oxygen supply cooling chamber 8, it is described oxygen supply cooling chamber both ends respectively with
Cooling air inlet pipeline 5 and cooling outlet pipe 7 connect, and the cooling air inlet pipeline is connect with oxygen supply cooling unit 3；Oxygen supply cooling
Room is mounted on the underface of window box print window；Oxygen supply refrigerating module is contained by control window cassette bottom portion ceramic slurry dead zone
Oxygen amount and the heat discharged in continuous print procedure is ejected into raising print speed in time.Supply oxygen cooling unit by air-cooler and
Air pump composition.
Further, the liquid level additional pressure applicator module includes the oilless air compressor 4 being arranged in lower chambers, described oil-free
Air compressor machine is connect with the entrance of charged air induction pipeline 6, and the outlet of the charged air induction pipeline is arranged in upper chamber, the epicoele
Room has air-tightness；The gas pressure intensity for increasing upper chamber by liquid level additional pressure applicator module, when printing, high pressure gas is to ceramic slurry
Feed liquid surface pressure accelerates flowing of the ceramic slurry to window cassette bottom portion ceramic slurry dead zone and consolidation zone, realizes ceramic slurry
Quick backflow and supply；
Further, the window box, using separate structure, comprising: reservoir, seal washer 23, compound oxygen permeable membrane
22 and pressing plate 21；It is provided with through-hole on the oxygen supply cooling chamber, pressing plate, compound oxygen permeable membrane, seal washer and reservoir, supplies oxygen cold
But the hole of room, pressing plate and reservoir is threaded hole, and the side for supplying oxygen cooling chamber is equipped with boss, and pressing plate is equipped with and supplies oxygen in cooling chamber
The corresponding rectangular channel of boss；The rectangular channel clamping of the boss and pressing plate of the oxygen supply cooling chamber, and be bolted connection；Institute
It states pressing plate and compression is bolted in reservoir, the pressing plate and reservoir accompany compound oxygen permeable membrane and gasket between the two
Circle, and seal washer is located above compound oxygen permeable membrane；It supplies oxygen cooling chamber bottom and is equipped with suprasil plate 801, suprasil plate
Area be greater than imaging area；
The reservoir is for holding liquid ceramic slurry, and the seal washer is for preventing liquid storage state ceramic slurry from letting out
Leakage, the pressing plate is for fixing reservoir and compound oxygen permeable membrane.
The compound oxygen permeable membrane includes: porous support layer and oxygen-rich layer, and porous support layer is located at the lower section of oxygen-rich layer；
The porous support layer is the film with finger-like or spongy pore structure, and the material of selection includes polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
PTFE, Kynoar PVDF, polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polysulfones PSF, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephtalate or
Polyetherimide PEI, the aperture 50nm-2000nm of porous support layer, porosity 60%-90%, the thickness model of porous support layer
Enclose is 10-1000 microns；
The oxygen-rich layer is the dense film with high oxygen transmission coefficient, and the material of selection includes dimethyl silicone polymer
PDMS, perfluoroethylene-propylene FEP or poly- trimethyl silicane -1- propine PTMSP；
The thickness range of oxygen-rich layer is 0.1-1 μm, is prepared using electric field driven jet deposition equipment:
The first step prepares solution, mass ratio PDMS: curing agent=1: 7-1: 14；
Second step, using electric field driven jet deposition 3D printing equipment, nozzle diameter is 60 μm, voltage 800v-1.3Kv,
Printing height is 200-500 μm, print speed 200-400mm/min, and one layer is finally formed on supporting layer after point-by-point printing
Film.
Compound oxygen permeable membrane has the characteristic of oxygen flow and saturating ultraviolet light, and for oxygen transmission coefficient in 50barrer or more, 400nm is purple
Outer light transmission rate is not less than 75%.
The image-forming module includes: DLP ray machine 1 and ultraviolet LED lamp 2, the dynamic of the ultraviolet LED lamp 2 and DLP ray machine 1
The connection of exposure mask generation unit.LED light is broken forth ultraviolet light, provides the light source of photocuring, DLP ray machine 1 belongs to imaging, by what is set
In image projection to compound oxygen permeable membrane.
The ultraviolet LED lamp is ultraviolet LED mould group, and intensity of illumination is adjustable, and is radiated equipped with heat sink and fan.It is purple
The power bracket of outer LED light is 200~400W, wave-length coverage 365-405nm, and the light issued is irradiated to after beam path alignment
In dynamic exposure mask generation unit.
The dynamic exposure mask generation unit uses Digital Micromirror Device DMD, liquid crystal display LCD or spatial light modulator
SLM.Different type dynamic exposure mask generation unit needs to configure corresponding beam path alignment, and the effect of collimated light path will generate
Ultraviolet light is irradiated in dynamic exposure mask generation unit according to required even angle；Dynamic exposure mask generation unit is located at print window
Lower section generates in image upright projection to the print window of window box.
The print platform is fixed on Z-direction workbench by connecting bracket 17；Z-direction workbench is fixed in cabinet epicoele
In the back plate of room.Z-direction workbench is high-accuracy displacement work table, comprising: electric precise translation stage, high-precision straight line slide unit or piezoelectricity
Displacement platform.Movement speed range of the Z-direction workbench in print procedure is 10mm/h-1000mm/h, in non-print process
In moving range be 100mm/min-1000mm/min.Preferably, the Z-direction high-precision workbench using servo motor+
High-accuracy lead screw (positioning accuracy is 10 μm)；
The raw material feed unit includes: ceramic slurry material storage tube, is fed connecting tube and metering pump.The ceramic slurry storage
Barrel by be fed connecting tube connect with window box, the metering pump respectively with ceramic slurry material storage tube and be fed connecting tube phase
Even.Ceramic slurry material storage tube and metering pump are arranged in lower chambers.The lower chambers are equipped with thermal window.
Embodiment 2
Step 1: ceramic powder is modified.The mixing for first preparing 5% concentration with dehydrated alcohol and Silane coupling reagent KH-570 is molten
Liquid, then the aluminium oxide ceramics powder that average grain diameter is 3 μm is added for the ratio of 5:1 by the mixed solution with volume ratio, at 45 DEG C
At a temperature of magnetic agitation 8h, filtration drying obtains modified aluminum oxide ceramic powder；
Step 2: configuration ceramic slurry.It is molten that organic mixture is prepared using the photosensitive premixed liquid of free radical type and PAA as raw material
The modified aluminum oxide ceramics of above-mentioned technique production are added using the mixture as solvent in liquid on a small quantity in batches thereto
Powder (adding proportion 4o%), while being aided with high speed (2200r/min) stirring 8h, until powder lot dispersing is uniform, then with low speed
(500r/min) stirs de-bubble 2h.It can be obtained free radical type resin base aluminium oxide ceramics slurry, it is single to be eventually adding raw material supply
Member.
Step 3: open raw material feed unit, slurry is delivered to window box, open simultaneously the water pump of the first slurry tank with
And blender, guarantee the normal operation of whole slurry loop module.
Step 4: control Z axis shaped platform base level lowering arrive with form 30 μm of window distance, make ceramic slurry do not had at
The basal plane of type platform.
Step 5: air compressor machine is opened, guarantees to increase in next filled therewith speed.
Step 6: model treatment data are reached digital light processing module by host computer, and digital light processing module is by perspective view
As successive projection to molding window, UV light permeability solidifies " dead zone ", finally projects on the substrate of shaped platform, make ceramic slurry
Material solidifies and is bonded on the substrate of shaped platform, and projected image makes corresponding transformation with the positive movement of Z axis, and light is solid
Change ceramic slurry to continue continuously to solidify in cured region, until photocuring operation is completed, obtains biscuit part, such as Fig. 3.
Embodiment 3
Step 1: ceramic powder is modified.The mixing for first preparing 5% concentration with dehydrated alcohol and Silane coupling reagent KH-570 is molten
Liquid, then the zirconia ceramics powder that average grain diameter is 20 μm is added for the ratio of 4:1 by the mixed solution with volume ratio, at 48 DEG C
At a temperature of magnetic agitation 9h, filtration drying obtains surface modified zirconia ceramic powder；
Step 2: configuration ceramic slurry.It is molten that organic mixture is prepared using the photosensitive premixed liquid of free radical type and PAA as raw material
The surface modified zirconia ceramics of above-mentioned technique production are added using the mixture as solvent in liquid on a small quantity in batches thereto
Powder (adding proportion 5o%), while being aided with high speed (2300r/min) stirring 9h, until powder lot dispersing is uniform, then with low speed
(500r/min) stirs de-bubble 2h.It can be obtained free radical type resin base zirconia ceramics slurry, it is single to be eventually adding raw material supply
Member.
Step 3: open raw material feed unit, slurry is delivered to window box, open simultaneously right side slurry box water pump with
And blender, guarantee the normal operation of whole slurry loop module.
Step 4: control Z axis shaped platform base level lowering arrive with form 25 μm of window distance, make ceramic slurry slightly not in
The basal plane of shaped platform.
Step 5: air compressor machine is opened, guarantees to increase in next filled therewith speed.
Step 6: model treatment data are reached digital light processing module by host computer, and digital light processing module is by perspective view
As successive projection to molding window, UV light permeability solidifies " dead zone ", finally projects on the substrate of shaped platform, make ceramic slurry
Material solidifies and is bonded on the substrate of shaped platform, and projected image makes corresponding transformation with the positive movement of Z axis, and light is solid
Change ceramic slurry to continue continuously to solidify in cured region, until photocuring operation is completed, biscuit part is obtained, such as Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 institute
Show.Fig. 6 is the sintered zirconium oxide SEM shape appearance figure of the embodiment of the present application；Fig. 7 is that the building sky part of the embodiment of the present application prints element
The surface quality of base.
The post-processing step of biscuit of ceramics in above-described embodiment 2 and embodiment 3:
It is cleaned and dried: biscuit of ceramics being removed from shaped platform substrate, it is uncured to fall biscuit surface with washes of absolute alcohol
Ceramic slurry, then biscuit of ceramics is put into vacuum oven, according to the structure and size of printer model be arranged temperature and
Drying time is usually set to 30-60 DEG C, and the time is 2-4 hours；
Solidify afterwards: dried biscuit of ceramics is put into UV solidification case, setting solidification wave band 365-405nm, setting solidification
Time 1-3h；
It is degreasing sintered: the rear biscuit of ceramics completed that solidifies to be put into degreasing sintered furnace, according to different solid concentrations, pottery
Ceramic material and component proportion setting sintering route；
Surface treatment: to the ceramic member of degreasing sintered completion, polishing appropriate is carried out according to the concrete condition of surface quality
Etc. postprocessing working procedures.
The foregoing is merely preferred embodiment of the present application, are not intended to limit this application, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, various changes and changes are possible in this application.Within the spirit and principles of this application, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of continuous surface exposes ceramic 3D printing device, characterized in that include: machine case body, the machine case body is by centre
Partition is divided into upper chamber and lower chambers, and the lower chambers are equipped with image-forming module, and the upper chamber is equipped with window box, ceramic slurry follows
Ring conveyor module, oxygen supply refrigerating module and hydraulic additional pressure applicator module, the window box and oxygen supply refrigerating module are fixedly mounted
On intermediate bulkhead, the underface of window box is arranged in the oxygen supply refrigerating module, and the imaging device is arranged in the window
The surface of the underface of box, the window box is equipped with print platform, and the print platform is mounted on Z-direction workbench, described
Window box is connect with raw material feed unit；The window box is equipped with reservoir；
The ceramic slurry circulation conveying module, comprising: the side of window box, institute is arranged in the first slurry tank, the first slurry tank
The input port for stating the first slurry tank is connect by the first slurry transport lines with window box, and the delivery outlet of the first slurry tank passes through pipe
The connection of the input terminal of road and water pump；Agitating device is installed in first slurry tank；The output end of water pump is defeated by third slurry
Pipeline and the input port of the second slurry tank is sent to connect, the other side of window box is arranged in the second slurry tank, the second slurry tank
Delivery outlet is connect by the second slurry transport lines with window box；The window box is also connect with raw material feed unit；
Before printing, raw material feed unit pours into ceramic slurry in window box；Water pump takes out the ceramic slurry in the first slurry tank
It after out, is input in the second slurry tank by the second slurry transport lines, the ceramic slurry in the second slurry tank passes through the second slurry
Material conveying tube road is flowed into the reservoir of window box, and the ceramic slurry in the reservoir of window box passes through the first fluid-conveying pipe
Road is flowed into the first slurry tank, realizes that ceramic slurry is made pottery in the first slurry tank, reservoir and the second slurry tank by water pump
Porcelain slurry circulates.
2. device as described in claim 1, characterized in that use continuous surface exposure technique, realize the continuous of ceramic 3D printing
Molding；Basic principle: using the effect of oxygen inhibition, oxygen forms one through window box and ceramic slurry bottom liquid face contact
The region that layer cannot be cured by ultraviolet, referred to as " dead zone "；And ultraviolet (uv) transmission continues to generate light above dead zone by dead zone
Polymerization, while avoiding the adhesion of cured ceramic slurry and bottom windows；Ultraviolet light Continuous irradiation ceramic slurry, printing
Platform continuously rises, and realizes continuous printing.
3. a kind of continuous surface exposes ceramic 3D printing method, characterized in that include:
Ceramic slurry preparation steps: first match control surface modified ceramic powder with dehydrated alcohol, surface modifier and ceramic powder；It prepares again
Organic mixture solution；Then surface modified ceramic powder is added portionwise into organic mixture solution and prepares free radical type resin base
Zirconia ceramics slurry；Raw material feed unit finally is added in ceramic slurry；
Ceramic slurry dynamic equilibrium step: raw material feed unit pours into ceramic slurry in window box；Water pump is by the first slurry tank
After interior ceramic slurry extraction, it is input in the second slurry tank by the second slurry transport lines, the ceramics in the second slurry tank
Slurry is flowed into the reservoir of window box by the second slurry transport lines, and the ceramic slurry in the reservoir of window box passes through
First slurry transport lines are flowed into the first slurry tank, by water pump realize ceramic slurry the first slurry tank, reservoir and
Ceramic slurry circulates in second slurry tank；
Printing step: Z-direction workbench drives print platform to be moved downwardly to initialization position, and print platform is immersed in ceramic slurry
In material, and the compound oxygen permeable membrane in print platform and window box keeps set distance；
Host computer is by projected image successive projection to molding window, and using the effect of oxygen inhibition, oxygen is through window box and pottery
Porcelain slurry bottom liquid face contact forms one layer of region that cannot be cured by ultraviolet, referred to as " dead zone "；And ultraviolet (uv) transmission passes through
Dead zone continues to generate light polymerization above dead zone, while avoiding the adhesion of cured ceramic slurry and bottom windows, most
It is projected on the substrate of print platform eventually, ceramic slurry curing is simultaneously bonded on the substrate of print platform；Projected image is with beating
It prints the rising of platform and makes corresponding transformation, ultraviolet light Continuous irradiation ceramic slurry, photocuring ceramic slurry continues consolidating
Change region continuously to solidify, print platform continuously rises, and realizes continuous printing；Until photocuring operation is completed.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that further include post-processing step after the completion of photocuring operation:
It is cleaned and dried: biscuit of ceramics is taken out, the uncured ceramic slurry in biscuit surface is removed with dehydrated alcohol, by biscuit of ceramics
It is put into the drying carried out in 30-60 DEG C of vacuum oven 2-4 hours；
Solidify afterwards: the biscuit of ceramics being cleaned and dried being put into after UV solidification case carries out 1-3h and is solidified, ultraviolet wavelength 365-
405nm；
It is degreasing sintered: the biscuit part that will be handled well be put into degreasing sintered furnace carry out it is degreasing sintered, according to the ceramic slurry of unlike material
Material carries out process route selection；
Surface treatment: the ceramic member surface that sintering is completed is surface-treated by polishing.
5. method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that first match control surface with dehydrated alcohol, surface modifier and ceramic powder
Modified ceramic powder, specific steps: being first the mixed of 2%~10% concentration with dehydrated alcohol and surface modifying agent percent by volume
Solution is closed, then ceramic powder is added for 4:1~8:1 ratio by the mixed solution with volume ratio, in 40 DEG C~50 DEG C of at a temperature of magnetic
Power stirs 7~10h, and filtration drying obtains surface modified ceramic powder.
6. method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that prepare the specific steps of organic mixture solution: by free radical type
Photosensitive resin and polyacrylic acid PAA dose volume ratio are 0.5%~1% organic mixture solution.
7. method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that surface modified ceramic powder is added portionwise into organic mixture solution
Prepare the specific steps of free radical type resin base zirconia ceramics slurry: using organic mixture solution as solvent, Xiang Youji
Surface modified ceramic powder is added portionwise in mixture solution, addition percent by volume is 30%~55%, while being aided with high-speed stirring
4~8h is mixed, the range of speeds is 2000~2500r/min, until powder lot dispersing is uniform, then to stir at low speed 1~3h of de-bubble, revolving speed
Range is 400~700r/min, and gain freedom fundamental mode resin base zirconia ceramics slurry.
8. method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that ceramic powder is zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide, silicon nitride, magnesia, oxidation
One of yttrium or multiple combinations, for the ceramic particle average-size used for 0.5-10 μm, powder shape is polygon or spherical shape.
9. method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the surface modifying method of ceramic powder selects mechanochemical modification and table
Face covering modification combines.
10. method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the ceramic slurry forms by volume are as follows: the modified pottery in surface
Porcelain powder: free radical type photosensitive resin: dispersing agent=30~55: 44~69.5: 0.5~1.
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