CN109781340B - Bit pressure and torque calibration test device and calibration method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a drilling pressure and torque calibration test device, which comprises a base (1), long stand columns (2), short stand columns (3), a platform (4), force transmission columns (5) and a cross beam (6), wherein the top surface of the base (1) is fixedly provided with four long stand columns (2), the four long stand columns (2) are distributed in a rectangular array, the cross beam (6) is fixedly arranged between the four long stand columns (2), a through hole is formed in the cross beam (6), a centralizing sleeve (7) is fixedly arranged in the through hole, the force transmission columns (5) capable of vertically sliding through the centralizing sleeve (7) are arranged in the centralizing sleeve (7), a hinge seat (8) is arranged between the two long stand columns (2) on the left side, a large rotating arm (9) is hinged on the hinge seat (8), and a chuck (10) is fixedly arranged on the base (1) and under the force transmission columns (5); it also discloses a calibration method. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the measurement accuracy of the underground drilling pressure and the torque is improved, and the device has higher control accuracy and higher pressure testing capability.

Description

A weight-on-bit and torque calibration test device and calibration method

technical field

The invention relates to a weight-on-bit and torque calibration test device and a calibration method.

Background technique

Accurately obtaining drilling engineering parameters such as WOB and torque is of great significance to reduce drilling risks and accidents. These parameters can generally be obtained through comprehensive logging methods. Such parameters obtained through comprehensive logging are more accurate in the case of shallow vertical wells, but are realistic and practical in deep and complex wellbore (2D wellbore, 3D wellbore). It is obviously reduced, and the engineering parameters such as surface WOB and surface torque obtained by comprehensive surface logging cannot accurately identify abnormal downhole conditions (such as bit wear, bit damage, real WOB, etc.), this is due to the drill string during drilling The interaction process with the borehole wall is complex, and the existing models and measurement methods cannot completely eliminate this interference. Therefore, in the drilling of non-vertical wells such as directional wells, horizontal wells, and extended-reach wells, it is urgent to accurately obtain the most commonly used and important drilling engineering parameters in drilling engineering.

With the development of electronic measurement technology, it is possible to gradually change the measurement of drilling engineering parameters from surface measurement to downhole measurement while drilling. The method of downhole measurement of engineering parameters while drilling is mainly to use downhole measurement subs (also known as downhole engineering parameter measuring instruments) to measure while drilling, generally including downhole sensors, data acquisition system, downhole memory, surface data interpretation and processing system four parts , Usually the downhole sensor is installed near the drill bit (or directly installed on the drill bit) to measure engineering parameters such as WOB and torque. The measuring sub can also be installed in different parts of the drill string. When it is installed on the upper drill string, the working parameters of the drill string are measured. When it is close to the drill bit, the drilling engineering parameters are measured. The measuring sub will not affect the normal operation of the drill string. It can measure various engineering parameters in real time under the working state of the drill string. At present, most of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instruments at home and abroad can realize the simultaneous execution of downhole acquisition, downhole storage and data transmission while drilling. Real-time transmission to the ground, data playback after tripping and comparative analysis of the data transmitted by MWD, can effectively avoid problems caused by data transmission distortion. At present, there are already well-performing downhole engineering parameter measurement tools abroad, but the domestic technology is not mature enough. The foreign measuring tools can adapt to the ambient pressure of 140MPa and the ambient temperature of 150℃, and can measure various parameters such as WOB (axial force), torque, bending moment, rotational speed, triaxial acceleration, mud pressure inside and outside the drill string, bit pressure drop and temperature , High degree of intelligence, large data acquisition and processing capacity, high measurement accuracy, and the measured data has important guiding significance for drilling, but the price is expensive.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and to provide a WOB and torque calibration with a compact structure, a simple method, improved measurement accuracy of downhole WOB and torque, and higher control accuracy and higher pressure testing capability. Test device and calibration method.

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a weight-on-bit and torque calibration test device, which includes a base, a long column, a short column, a platform, a force transmission column and a beam, and four are fixed on the top surface of the base. There is a long column, and the four long columns are distributed in a rectangular array. A beam is fixed between the four long columns. A through hole is opened on the beam, and a centralizing sleeve is fixed in the through hole. There is a hinge seat between the two long columns on the left side, a large rotating arm is hinged on the hinge seat, and a chuck is fixed on the base and just below the power transmission column; the top of the base There are also two short uprights fixed on the surface, the short uprights are located on the front side of the long uprights, a platform is fixed between the two short uprights and at the top thereof, and the top surface of the platform is fixed with a left gripper fixing hinge and Right holder fixing hinge.

The long column and the short column are both arranged perpendicular to the base.

The method for calibrating WOB and torque by the test device includes WOB calibration and torque calibration;

The WOB calibration includes the following steps:

S1. First install the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument between the chuck and the force transmission column, and fix the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument. At this time, the big arm is pressed on the force transmission column, and the force transmission force transmission column transmits the force. to the top of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument;

S2. Use the data playback line to connect the data acquisition board of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument and the data acquisition computer, supply power through the computer USB interface, and establish communication with the computer through the serial port;

S3. Use an 8½-digit digital multimeter to measure the output voltage of the strain gauge bridge circuit of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument, and record the software data to test the output zero point of the WOB;

S4. Hang the weight A with a weight of 1000kg or 2000kg on the right end of the big swing arm, place it for 2-3 hours, observe the drift, use an 8½-digit multimeter to measure the output voltage of the strain gauge bridge circuit of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument, and record Software data to test whether the WOB strain gauge bridge of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument has drift, and if there is no obvious drift, the formal loading and unloading calibration will be carried out;

S5. Gradually hang the weights A from 1, 2, and 3 at the right end of the big swivel arm until the required amount of weights A is added. Use an 8½-digit multimeter to measure the underground engineering each time the weight A is added. The output voltage of the WOB strain gauge bridge circuit of the parameter measuring instrument, and record the software data;

S6. Gradually remove the weight A on the right end of the big swing arm until there is only one weight A left. Every time the weight A is removed, use an 8½-digit digital multimeter to measure the output voltage of the WOB strain gauge bridge circuit of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument. , and record software data;

S7. There are three force points A, B, and C on the big jib. If the big jib is balanced under the action of the gravity G of the weight A and the WOB on the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument, it will be balanced according to the static force of the lever. The principles are:

G×AC=WOB×AB, where AB is the distance from the point of force A to the point of force B, and AC is the distance between the point of force A and the force point of C, and the above formula is transformed to obtain the applied downhole The weight-on-bit WOB on the engineering parameter measuring instrument is:

S8. Perform linear fitting on the recorded digital signal of the output voltage and the applied weight-on-bit WOB to obtain the zero-point reference value of the weight-on-bit output and the corresponding conversion relationship;

The torque calibration includes the following steps:

S1. First clamp the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument between the left gripper fixing hinge and the right gripper fixing hinge, and fix one end of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument to the small rotating arm. At this time, the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument is subjected to small Torsion of the arm;

S2. Use the data playback line to connect the data acquisition board of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument and the data acquisition computer, supply power through the computer USB interface, and establish communication with the computer through the serial port;

S3. Use an 8½-digit digital multimeter to measure the output voltage of the torque strain gauge bridge circuit of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument, and record the software data to test the torque output zero point;

S4. Suspend the weight B with a weight of 500kg on the free end of the small rotating arm, place it for 2-3 hours, observe the drift, and use an 8½-digit digital multimeter to measure the output voltage of the torque strain gauge bridge circuit of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument, and record the software data to test whether there is drift in the torque strain gauge bridge of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument, if there is no obvious drift, the formal loading and unloading calibration shall be carried out;

S5. Gradually hang the weights B from 1, 2, and 3 at the free end of the small rotating arm until the required number of weights B is added. Use an 8½-digit multimeter to measure the downhole each time the weight B is added. Engineering parameter measuring instrument torque strain gauge bridge output voltage, and record software data;

S6. Gradually remove the weight B on the right end of the small rotating arm until only one weight B is left. Every time the weight B is removed, use an 8½-digit digital multimeter to measure the output voltage of the bridge circuit of the torque strain gauge of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument. and record software data;

S7. The small rotating arm is subjected to forces at points D and E. If the small rotating arm is balanced under the action of the gravity G of the weight B and the torque TOB on the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument, the angle between DE and the horizontal position is θ, Then according to the lever static balance principle, the torque TOB applied to the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument is:

TOB=G×DE×cosθ, where DE is the distance between the force point D and the force point E;

S8. Perform linear fitting on the recorded output voltage digital signal and the applied torque, so as to obtain the torque output zero point reference value and the corresponding conversion relationship.

The invention has the following advantages: the invention has a compact structure, a simple method, improves the measurement accuracy of the downhole WOB and torque, and has higher control accuracy and higher.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the right side view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the top view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the working schematic diagram of WOB calibration;

Fig. 5 is the working schematic diagram of torque calibration;

Fig. 6 is the right side view of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is the result chart of WOB calibration;

Figure 8 is a graph of torque calibration results.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following:

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a weight-on-bit and torque calibration test device includes a base 1, a long column 2, a short column 3, a platform 4, a force transmission column 5 and a beam 6. On the top surface of the base 1 Four long columns 2 are fixedly arranged, and the four long columns 2 are distributed in a rectangular array. A beam 6 is fixed between the four long columns 2. The beam 6 is provided with a through hole, and a centering sleeve 7 is fixed inside the through hole. The centering sleeve 7 is provided with a force transmission column 5 that can slide up and down the centering sleeve 7, and a hinge seat 8 is arranged between the two long columns 2 on the left side. The hinge seat 8 is hinged with a large rotating arm 9. A chuck 10 is fixed directly below the force transmission column 5; two short columns 3 are also fixed on the top surface of the base 1, and the short columns 3 are located on the front side of the long column 2, and the two short columns 3 are located between the two short columns 3. A platform 4 is fixed on the top surface of the platform 4 at the same time, and a left holder fixing hinge 11 and a right holder fixing hinge 12 are fixed on the top surface of the platform 4 .

The long column 2 and the short column 3 are both arranged perpendicular to the base 1 .

The method for calibrating WOB and torque by the test device includes WOB calibration and torque calibration;

The WOB calibration includes the following steps:

As shown in Figure 4, S1, first install the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument 14 between the chuck 10 and the force transmission column 5, and fix the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument 14, at this time, the large rotating arm 9 is pressed against the force transmission column 5, the force transmission column 5 transmits the force to the top of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument 14;

S2, use the data playback line to connect the data acquisition board of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument 14 and the data acquisition computer, supply power through the computer USB interface, and establish communication with the computer through the serial port;

S3. Use an 8½-digit digital multimeter to measure the output voltage of the 14 strain gauge bridge circuit of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument, and record the software data to test the output zero point of the WOB;

S4. Hang the weight A13 with a weight of 1000kg or 2000kg on the right end of the large rotating arm 9, place it for 2-3 hours, observe the drift, and use an 8½-digit digital multimeter to measure the output voltage of the strain gauge bridge circuit of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument 14. And record the software data to test the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument 14 WOB strain gauge bridge for drift, if there is no obvious drift, the formal loading and unloading calibration will be carried out;

S5. Gradually hang the weights A13 from 1, 2, and 3 at the right end of the large rotating arm 9 until the required amount of weights A is added. Use an 8½-digit multimeter to measure the downhole each time the weights A are added. Output voltage of the WOB strain gauge bridge circuit of the engineering parameter measuring instrument 14, and record software data;

S6. Gradually remove the weight A at the right end of the big arm 9 until only one weight A is left. Every time the weight A is removed, use an 8½-digit digital multimeter to measure the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument 14. Drilling pressure strain gauge bridge Output voltage and record software data;

S7. There are three force points A, B, and C on the big jib 9. If the big jib 9 is balanced under the action of the gravity G of the weight A13 and the weight-on-bit WOB on the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument 14, according to the lever The principles of static balance are:

G×AC=WOB×AB, where AB is the distance from the point of force A to the point of force B, and AC is the distance between the point of force A and the force point of C, and the above formula is transformed to obtain the applied downhole The weight-on-bit WOB on the engineering parameter measuring instrument 14 is:

S8. Perform linear fitting on the recorded digital signal of the output voltage and the applied weight-on-bit WOB to obtain the zero-point reference value of the weight-on-bit output and the corresponding conversion relationship;

The torque calibration includes the following steps:

As shown in Figures 5-6, S1, firstly clamp the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument 14 between the left holder fixing hinge 11 and the right holder fixing hinge 12, and fix one end of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument 14 to a small The rotating arm 15, at this time, the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument 14 is subjected to the torsional force of the small rotating arm 15;

S2, use the data playback line to connect the data acquisition board of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument 14 and the data acquisition computer, supply power through the computer USB interface, and establish communication with the computer through the serial port;

S3. Use an 8½-digit digital multimeter to measure the output voltage of the 14 torque strain gauge bridge circuit of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument, and record the software data to test the torque output zero point;

S4. Suspend a weight B16 with a weight of 500kg on the free end of the small rotating arm 15, place it for 2-3 hours, observe the drift, and use an 8½-digit digital multimeter to measure the output voltage of the bridge circuit of the torque strain gauge of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument 14. Record the software data to test whether there is drift in the bridge of the torque strain gauge of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument 14, and if there is no obvious drift, carry out the formal loading and unloading calibration;

S5. Gradually hang the weights B16 from 1, 2, and 3 at the free end of the small rotating arm 15 until the required number of weights B16 is added. Each time the weights B are added, use an 8½-digit digital multimeter to measure Downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument 14 torque strain gauge bridge output voltage, and record software data;

S6. Gradually remove the weight B on the right end of the small rotating arm 15 until only one weight B is left. Every time the weight B is removed, use an 8½-digit digital multimeter to measure the bridge output of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument 14 torque strain gauge voltage, and record software data;

S7. The small rotating arm 15 is subjected to forces at points D and E. If the small rotating arm 15 is balanced under the action of the gravity G of the weight B16 and the torque TOB on the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument 14, the angle between DE and the horizontal position is θ, then according to the lever static balance principle, the torque TOB applied to the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument 14 is:

TOB=G×DE×cosθ, where DE is the distance between the force point D and the force point E;

S8. Perform linear fitting on the recorded output voltage digital signal and the applied torque, so as to obtain the torque output zero point reference value and the corresponding conversion relationship.

The invention utilizes the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument to accurately measure WOB and torque, thereby greatly improving the measurement accuracy of downhole WOB and torque, and has higher control precision and higher pressure testing capability.

Examples of WOB torque calibration are as follows:

WOB calibration: The WOB was calibrated when the WOB was 0 to 250kN, and the WOB differential was loaded with 2kN, namely 0kN, 2kN, 4kN, ..., 250kN. The calibration results are shown in Figure 7. It can be seen from the calibration results that the linearity of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument is ideal under the condition of axial loading. The actual axial force load of the measuring instrument and the output signal of the measuring circuit can be considered to be linear, so the WOB value in the calibration experiment is WOB. The relationship with the voltage output digital signal n is: WOB=0.5722(n−n _P0 ), where n _P0 =142. It should be noted that: n _P0 is a digital quantity, which is the digital quantity output by the measuring circuit when the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument bears the WOB of 0, which is called the zero point of the WOB measurement of the measuring instrument. When used in the field, the sensor signal can be converted into the physical quantity of WOB after the digital value output by the measuring circuit is converted according to the above formula.

Torque calibration: calibrate the torque value of 0~8kN-m, the loading torque difference is 0.2kN-m, that is, 0kN-m, 0.2kN-m, 0.4kN-m, ..., 8kN-m, the calibration result is shown in Figure 8 shown. It can be seen from the calibration results that the linearity of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument under the loading torque condition is relatively ideal, and the torque load actually borne by the measuring instrument and the output signal of the measuring circuit can be considered to be linear. The relationship between the quantities n is: T=0.0347(n-n _T0 ), where n _T0 =142. It should be noted that n _T0 is a digital quantity, which is the digital quantity output by the measuring circuit when the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument bears the torque of 0, which is called the torque measurement zero point of the measuring instrument. When used on site, the sensor signal can be converted into a torque physical quantity after the output digital value of the measuring circuit is converted according to the above formula.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any form. Any person skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, can use the above-mentioned technical content to make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, or be modified to equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes. . Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technology of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention all belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A weight-on-bit and torque calibration test device, characterized in that: it comprises a base (1), a long column (2), a short column (3), a platform (4), a force transmission column (5) and a beam (6) ), four long columns (2) are fixed on the top surface of the base (1), the four long columns (2) are distributed in a rectangular array, and a beam (6) is fixed between the four long columns (2). ), a through hole is opened on the beam (6), a centralizing sleeve (7) is fixed in the through hole, and a force transmission column (5) that can slide up and down on the centralizing sleeve (7) is also arranged in the centralizing sleeve (7), A hinge seat (8) is arranged between the two long columns (2) on the left side, a large rotating arm (9) is hinged on the hinge seat (8), and the base (1) is located at the end of the force transmission column (5). A chuck (10) is fixed directly below; the top surface of the base (1) is also fixed with two short uprights (3), the short uprights (3) are located on the front side of the long uprights (2). A platform (4) is fixed between and at the top of the short uprights (3), and a left holder fixing hinge (11) and a right holder fixing hinge (12) are fixed on the top surface of the platform (4). 2 . The weight-on-bit and torque calibration test device according to claim 1 , wherein the long column ( 2 ) and the short column ( 3 ) are both arranged perpendicular to the base ( 1 ). 3 . 3. the method according to claim 1 and 2 described test device calibration WOB and torque, it is characterized in that: it comprises WOB calibration and torque calibration; The WOB calibration includes the following steps: S1. First, install the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument (14) between the chuck (10) and the force transmission column (5), and fix the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument (14). On the force transmission column (5), the force transmission column (5) transmits the force to the top of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument (14); S2. Use a data playback line to connect the data acquisition board and the data acquisition computer of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument (14), supply power through the computer USB interface, and establish communication with the computer through a serial port; S3. Use an 8½-digit digital multimeter to measure the output voltage of the strain gauge bridge circuit of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument (14), and record the software data to test the output zero point of the WOB; S4. Hang a weight A (13) with a weight of 1000kg or 2000kg on the right end of the big rotating arm (9), place it for 2 to 3 hours, observe the drift, and use an 8½-digit multimeter to measure the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument (14) Output voltage of the strain gauge bridge, and record software data to test whether the WOB strain gauge bridge drifts in the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument (14). S5. Suspend the weights A (13) by 1, 2, and 3 pieces at the right end of the big swivel arm (9) step by step until the required number of weights A is added, and 8 weights are used for each addition of weights A. The semi-digital multimeter measures the output voltage of the WOB strain gauge bridge circuit of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument (14), and records software data; S6. Gradually remove the weight A on the right end of the big arm (9) until only one weight A is left. Every time the weight A is removed, use an 8½-digit multimeter to measure the weight on bit of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument (14). Strain gauge bridge output voltage and record software data; S7. There are three force points A, B, and C on the big swivel arm (9). If the big swivel arm (9) is subjected to the gravity G of the weight A (13) and the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument (14) Balanced under the action of WOB, according to the lever static balance principle: G×AC=WOB×AB Among them, AB is the distance from the stress point A to the stress point B, AC is the distance from the stress point A to the stress point C, and the above formula is transformed to obtain the WOB applied to the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument (14). for:

S8. Perform linear fitting on the recorded digital signal of the output voltage and the applied weight-on-bit WOB to obtain the zero-point reference value of the weight-on-bit output and the corresponding conversion relationship; The torque calibration includes the following steps: S1. First clamp the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument (14) between the left holder fixing hinge (11) and the right holder fixing hinge (12), and fix one end of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument (14) to a small A rotating arm (15), at this time, the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument (14) is subjected to the torsional force of the small rotating arm (15); S2. Use a data playback line to connect the data acquisition board and the data acquisition computer of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument (14), supply power through the computer USB interface, and establish communication with the computer through a serial port; S3. Use an 8½-digit digital multimeter to measure the output voltage of the torque strain gauge bridge circuit of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument (14), and record the software data to test the torque output zero point; S4. Suspend a weight B (16) with a weight of 500kg on the free end of the small rotating arm (15), place it for 2-3 hours, observe the drift, and use an 8½-digit multimeter to measure the torque strain of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument (14). The output voltage of the bridge circuit and the software data are recorded to test whether the bridge circuit of the torque strain gauge of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument (14) has drift, and if there is no obvious drift, the formal loading and unloading calibration shall be carried out; S5. Gradually hang the weight B (16) from the free end of the small rotating arm (15) by 1, 2 and 3 until the required weight B is added (16) Quantity, each time adding weight B, use an 8½-digit digital multimeter to measure the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument (14) Torque strain gauge bridge output voltage, and record software data; S6. Gradually remove the weight B on the right end of the small rotating arm (15) until only one weight B is left. Every time the weight B is removed, use an 8½-digit multimeter to measure the torque strain of the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument (14). On-chip bridge output voltage, and record software data; S7. The small rotating arm (15) is subjected to forces at points D and E. If the small rotating arm (15) acts on the gravity G of the weight B (16) and the torque TOB on the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument (14) Under balance, the angle between DE and the horizontal position is θ, then according to the lever static balance principle, the torque TOB applied to the downhole engineering parameter measuring instrument (14) is: TOB=G×DE×cosθ, where DE is the distance between the force point D and the force point E; S8. Perform linear fitting on the recorded output voltage digital signal and the applied torque, so as to obtain the torque output zero reference value and the corresponding conversion relationship.

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