CN109780198A - A kind of automatic speed-changing system of electric vehicle - Google Patents
A kind of automatic speed-changing system of electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109780198A CN109780198A CN201910201893.9A CN201910201893A CN109780198A CN 109780198 A CN109780198 A CN 109780198A CN 201910201893 A CN201910201893 A CN 201910201893A CN 109780198 A CN109780198 A CN 109780198A
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- Prior art keywords
- axis
- clutch
- gear
- combination
- input shaft
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/02—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
- F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
- F16H61/32—Electric motors actuators or related electrical control means therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
- Retarders (AREA)
- Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)
- Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of automatic speed-changing systems of electric vehicle, including being located in the box body the combination of motor input shaft, Combined clutch, gear shifting motor combination and differential mechanism, the speed change system further includes the combination of two axis and velocity sensor, one end of the motor input shaft combination couples with Combined clutch, and the outer end of the Combined clutch combines connection with gear shifting motor by lobe plate；The middle part of the motor input shaft combination is combined with two axis is engaged by gear manner, and the two axis combination is engaged with differential mechanism by gear；The velocity sensor combines corresponding with two axis；Motor input shaft combination, the combination of two axis and differential mechanism are located at same level and arranged in parallel.The present invention passes through flexible gear shift effective solution power interruption and vehicle shock problem of the conventional shift mechanism in gear switch, so that gear shift power does not interrupt and without impact, riding sense has the promotion of matter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automatic speed-changing system, especially a kind of automatic speed-changing system of electric vehicle.
Background technique
Currently, existing two grades of electric three-wheel/carriages when carrying out transforming gear, need to reduce speed manually and interrupt
Power just can be carried out shift, does so and directly affects the continuous sense of whole driving.Meanwhile it reducing speed and interrupting power and could become
In the case where shelves, when gear shift sliding block is in conjunction with another shifting gear, due to the velocity transformation of moment, gear shift sliding block needs overcome drive
The rotary inertia of dynamic motor, so that gear shift sliding block and gear teeth are to generate very big impact force in conjunction with moment (especially high
Fast shelves become low or first gear), apparent strike note and impact force are generated, this impact force will damage gear over time, so that tooth
Service life reduction is taken turns, there are security risk, also strong influence riding comfort degree.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the automatic speed-changing systems that one kind can carry out the electric vehicle of steady shift automatically.
It is realized the purpose of the present invention is technical solution in this way, a kind of two grades for three-wheel or four-wheel electric motor car
Automatic speed-changing system, including it is located in the box body the combination of motor input shaft, Combined clutch, gear shifting motor combination and differential mechanism,
The speed change system further includes the combination of two axis and velocity sensor, and one end of the motor input shaft combination and Combined clutch join
It connects, the outer end of the Combined clutch combines connection with gear shifting motor by lobe plate；The middle part of the motor input shaft combination
It combines with two axis and is engaged by gear manner, the two axis combination is engaged with differential mechanism by gear；The velocity sensor with
The combination of two axis is corresponding；The motor input shaft combination, the combination of two axis and differential mechanism, which are located at same level and are parallel to each other, to be set
It sets.
Wherein, the two axis combination includes two axis, one end of two axis is provided with two axis high speed teeth, in two axis
The other end be disposed with two axis axle sleeves, two axis low-speed gears and two axis pawl blocks, the two axis axle sleeve and pass through with two axis
Splined shaft connection is provided with the isolator of clearance fit, the outer ring of the isolator and two axis in the outer ring of the two axis axle sleeve
The inner ring of the inner ring clearance fit of low-speed gear, the two axis low-speed gear is coupled by bearing with two axis；It is low in two axis
The two axis spiral pieces and two axis ratchet slide blocks connected by spline are disposed on fast gear, in the two axis spiral pieces
On be provided with spring shift fork and spring shift fork one end is fixed in the groove of cabinet；The two axis ratchet slide block and two axis pawls are kept off
Block is oppositely arranged, and is provided between two axis ratchet slide blocks and two axis pawl blocks for making two axis ratchet slide blocks and two axis spine
Pawl block is in the spring out of supply of normally opened not occlusive state；The two axis low-speed gear is combined with motor input shaft to be nibbled by gear
Close connection；The corresponding two axis high speed tooth outer end faces of the velocity sensor；The differential mechanism engages connection by gear with two axis.
Wherein, the motor input shaft combination includes motor input shaft, is provided with clutch on the motor input shaft
Gear bush is provided with input shaft high speed tooth, the input shaft high speed tooth and two axis on clutch gear axle sleeve one end
High speed tooth engagement；One end of the motor input shaft is protruded into Combined clutch and is connect with Combined clutch.
In the present invention, the Combined clutch includes clutch body, be provided on the outside of the clutch body with
The clutch tappet of cabinet connection, is provided with lobe plate on the clutch tappet；One end of the lobe plate has groove,
The lobe plate is connect by groove with clutch tappet, and the other end of the lobe plate combines connection with gear shifting motor.
It further describes, the clutch body includes the clutch housing of end cap with clutch, outside the clutch
It is provided with clutch lower plate and clutch driving plate in cover, friction plate A is provided on the clutch driving plate, and described rubs
Pad A is coupled with clutch housing by spline, is provided with retaining ring on the outside of the friction plate A；In the clutch lower plate
It is provided with friction plate B；Spring is provided on the outside of the clutch lower plate, the spring one end is withstood on the inside of clutch housing；
Motor input shaft one end penetrates clutch lower plate center and is connected and fixed by spline；The clutch driving plate and clutch
Device gear bush is coupled by spline；The connection of one end of the clutch end cover and lobe plate.
Wherein, the gear shifting motor combination includes gear shifting motor and torque arm axis, and the gear shifting motor passes through flat and torque arm
One end of axis couples, and the end is provided with baffle, and the other end of torque arm axis couples with lobe plate；It is provided on the cabinet
Position sensor corresponding with baffle.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, the present invention passes through flexible gear shift effective solution conventional shift mechanism in shelves
Power interruption and vehicle shock problem when the switching of position, so that gear shift power does not interrupt and without impact, riding sense has the promotion of matter；
Meanwhile forward and back shelves point is rationally set in conjunction with sensor monitoring vehicle speed and motor efficient revolving speed section, it makes full use of high and low
The advantage of shelves, while realizing intelligent fluid drive, the covering of vehicle high efficiency range is wider, more energy saving than conventional shift scheme.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention of the invention is as follows:
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, but the present invention does not limit to
In these embodiments, any improvement or substitution on the present embodiment essence spirit still falls within the claims in the present invention and is wanted
Seek the range of protection.
Embodiment 1: as shown in Figure 1, a kind of automatic speed-changing system of electric vehicle, including the motor input being located in cabinet 4
Axis combination, Combined clutch, gear shifting motor combination and differential mechanism 31, the speed change system further include the combination of two axis and velocity pick-up
One end of device 29, the motor input shaft combination couples with Combined clutch, and the outer end of the Combined clutch passes through lobe plate
20 combine connection with gear shifting motor；The middle part of the motor input shaft combination is combined with two axis is engaged by gear manner, described
The combination of two axis is engaged with differential mechanism 31 by gear；The velocity sensor 29 combines corresponding with two axis；The motor input
Axis combination, the combination of two axis and differential mechanism are located at same level and arranged in parallel.
Wherein, the specific structure of two axis combination is as follows: the two axis combination includes two axis 8, is set in one end of two axis 8
Two axis high speed teeth 30 are equipped with, are disposed with two axis axle sleeves 11, two axis low-speed gears 1 and two axis in the other end of two axis 8
Pawl block 7, the two axis axle sleeve 11 are coupled with two axis 8 by splined shaft, between the outer ring of the two axis axle sleeve 11 is provided with
The isolator 2 of gap cooperation, the inner ring clearance fit of the outer ring of the isolator 2 and two axis low-speed gears 1, the two axis low speed tooth
The inner ring of wheel 1 is coupled by bearing 10 with two axis 8；It is disposed on the two axis low-speed gear 1 through spline connection
Two axis spiral pieces 5 and two axis ratchet slide blocks 6 are provided with spring shift fork 3 and spring shift fork 3 on the two axis spiral pieces 5
One end is fixed in the groove of cabinet 4；The two axis ratchet slide block 5 is oppositely arranged with two axis pawl blocks 7, and in two axis pawls
It is provided between sliding block 5 and two axis pawl blocks 7 and is not stung for making two axis ratchet slide blocks 5 and two axis pawl blocks 7 be in normally opened
The spring out of supply 9 of conjunction state；The two axis low-speed gear 1, which combines to engage by gear with motor input shaft, to be coupled；The speed
Sensor 29 corresponds to two axis high speed teeth, 30 outer end face；The differential mechanism 31 engages connection by gear with two axis 8.
Wherein, the specific structure of motor input shaft combination is as follows: the motor input shaft combination includes motor input shaft 12,
It is provided with clutch gear axle sleeve 14 on the motor input shaft 12, is provided on described 14 one end of clutch gear axle sleeve
Input shaft high speed tooth 15, the input shaft high speed tooth 15 are engaged with two axis high speed teeth 30；It stretches one end of the motor input shaft 12
Enter Combined clutch and is connect with Combined clutch.
In the present invention, the Combined clutch includes clutch body, be provided on the outside of the clutch body with
The clutch tappet 23 of cabinet connection, is provided with lobe plate 20 on the clutch tappet 23；One end of the lobe plate 20
With groove, the lobe plate 20 is connect by groove with clutch tappet 23, the other end of the lobe plate 20 and gear shift electricity
Machine combination connection.
It further describes, the clutch body includes the clutch housing 26 of end cap 22 with clutch, in the clutch
It is provided with clutch lower plate 25 and clutch driving plate 21 in device outer cover 26, is provided with friction on the clutch driving plate 21
Piece A27, and the friction plate A27 is coupled with clutch housing 26 by spline, is provided with retaining ring on the outside of the friction plate A27
19；Friction plate B28 is provided in the clutch lower plate 25；Spring 24, institute are provided on the outside of the clutch lower plate 28
It states 24 one end of spring and withstands on 26 inside of clutch housing；Described 12 one end of motor input shaft penetrates 25 center of clutch lower plate and leads to
Spline is crossed to be connected and fixed；The clutch driving plate 21 is coupled with clutch gear axle sleeve 14 by spline；The clutch end
Lid 22 is connect with one end of lobe plate 20.
In the present invention, the specific structure of the gear shifting motor combination is as follows: the gear shifting motor combination includes gear shift electricity
Machine 13 and torque arm axis 18, the gear shifting motor 13 is coupled by flat with one end of torque arm axis 18, and the end is provided with baffle
16, the other end of the torque arm axis couples with lobe plate 20；Position corresponding with baffle 16 is provided on the cabinet to pass
Sensor 17.
It is seen the present invention operates in such a way: setting motor input axis direction, motor input shaft 12 is to rotate clockwise, whole at this time
Vehicle traffic direction is direction of advance.
Before starting, when activating power supply, the speed that velocity sensor 29 detects is lower than into shelves spot speed, peripheral control unit control
Gear shifting motor 14 processed rotates so that torque arm axis 18 and lobe plate 20 rotate together, and lobe plate 20, which generates, to be axially moved to the right (axially
Stroke stops after baffle trigger position sensor), overcome 24 pressure of spring to make two groups of frictions by pushing up clutch housing 26
Torque can not be transmitted by not generating pressure and frictional force between piece, i.e., cannot pass between clutch lower plate 25 and clutch driving plate 21
Torque delivery namely motor input shaft 12 and clutch gear axle sleeve 14 cannot transmit torque, mutually skid, the incoming power of motor
It is not transmitted by input shaft high speed tooth 15, but two axis low-speed gears 1 is reached by input shaft tooth and reach two by isolator 2 again
Axis axle sleeve 11 is then passed on two axis 8, and then two axis, 8 axis tooth reaches differential mechanism 31, and it is real that last differential mechanism 31 reaches vehicle wheel
Now advance.
After vehicle starting, when speed is lower than into shelves spot speed, vehicle is advanced with low or first gear, as speed increases, speed
It reaches into shelves spot speed, speed signal is activated into shelves condition, and peripheral control unit controls gear shifting motor 13 and rotates, and lobe plate 20 is to the left
It is axially moved, clutch housing 26 moves to left under 24 active force of spring, while generating pressure between two groups of friction plates, can transmit and rub
Wipe power and torque, i.e., can be transmitted between clutch lower plate 25 and clutch driving plate 21 torque namely motor input shaft 12 with from
Clutch gear bush 14 can transmit torque, and input shaft high speed tooth 15 can transmit the power that motor is passed to input shaft at this time, and pass
On to two axis high speed teeth 30 and on two axis 8.Because top gear reduction ratio is lower than low or first gear, two axis of rotating ratio of two axis high speed teeth 30 is low
The revolving speed of fast tooth 1 is fast, so starting to transmit torque in a flash in two groups of friction plates, from mutual sliding friction to the whole of static friction
A transmitting torque process, two axis high speed teeth, 30 power reach on two axis 8, so that two axis 8 and two axis axle sleeves 11 are faster than with revolving speed
The trend of two axis low speed teeth 1, isolator 2 skids at this time, and two axis low speed teeth 1 no longer transmit power, and power is switched to from low or first gear
Top gear, power reach differential mechanism 31 through two axis axis teeth and reach wheel realization vehicle gear shift speed-raising again.In this gear switch process
In, motor input power flexible within a very short time can complete gear shift, without any impact, vehicle is driven without weakening and interrupting
It sails and feels.
When vehicle moves back shelves as climbing needs bigger power or the reduction of power (throttle) aperture that vehicle speed is caused to drop to
When speed point (lower than into shelves speed point), a grade condition is moved back in speed signal activation, peripheral control unit rotation, via throw-out-of clutch,
12 power of motor input shaft is no longer transmitted from input shaft high speed tooth 15, and is transmitted once more by low speed tooth, and vehicle becomes low
Fast shelves are inverse process of the low or first gear into top gear, and flexible within a very short time to complete gear shift, same power is driven without interruption, vehicle
It sails and feels.
When reversing, vehicle has been in low or first gear, throw-out-of clutch state and does not change, and low or first gear is used only and moves backward, this
When two axis low speed teeth 1 skid with isolator 2, spring shift fork 3 is stuck in two axis spiral pieces, 5 groove, and other end is fixed on cabinet 4
Groove, two axis spiral pieces 5 are relatively rotated with spring shift fork 3 generates frictional force, and two axis low-speed gears 1 are clockwise when reversing
It rotates (in terms of motor input axis direction) and is coupled with two axis spiral pieces 5 with right-hand screw spline, spring shift fork 3 gives two axis spirals
The frictional force of sliding block 5 produces axial force to the right through the conversion of right-hand screw spline pair, and two axis spiral pieces 5 are pushed by axial to the right
Two axis ratchet slide blocks 6 overcome 9 pressure of spring out of supply to move right so that two axis ratchet slide blocks 6 pass through with two axis pawl blocks 7
Pawl combines, and the power for reaching two axis low-speed gears 1 through motor input shaft 12 at this time passes through two axis ratchet slide blocks 5 and two axis pawls
The combination of block 7 reaches to be reached on differential mechanism 31 and vehicle again on two axis 8, realizes reversing.When reversing finishes, need to start to walk to advance
When, two axis low-speed gears 1 become rotating counterclockwise, and the frictional force of two axis spiral pieces 5 and spring shift fork 3 is through right-hand screw spline pair
Axial force to the left is generated, two axis spiral pieces 5 move downward, while under 9 pressure of spring out of supply effect, two axis ratchet slide blocks
6 disengage with two axis pawl blocks 7 to the left, and vehicle normally advances.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of automatic speed-changing system of electric vehicle, including be located in cabinet (4) the combination of motor input shaft, Combined clutch,
Gear shifting motor combination and differential mechanism (31), it is characterized in that: the speed change system further include two axis combination and velocity sensor (29),
One end of the motor input shaft combination couple with Combined clutch, the outer end of the Combined clutch pass through lobe plate (20) and
Gear shifting motor combination connection；The middle part of the motor input shaft combination is combined with two axis is engaged by gear manner, two axis
Combination is engaged with differential mechanism (31) by gear；The velocity sensor (29) is combined corresponding with two axis；The motor input
Axis combination, the combination of two axis and differential mechanism are located at same level and arranged in parallel.
2. the automatic speed-changing system of electric vehicle as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: two axis combination includes two axis (8),
One end of two axis (8) is provided with two axis high speed teeth (30), is disposed with two axis axis in the other end of two axis (8)
(11), two axis low-speed gears (1) and two axis pawl blocks (7) are covered, the two axis axle sleeve (11) and two axis (8) are joined by splined shaft
It connects, the outer ring of the two axis axle sleeve (11) is provided with the isolator (2) of clearance fit, the outer ring and two of the isolator (2)
The inner ring of the inner ring clearance fit of axis low-speed gear (1), the two axis low-speed gear (1) is joined by bearing (10) and two axis (8)
It connects；It is disposed with the two axis spiral pieces (5) connected by spline on the two axis low-speed gear (1) and two axis pawls are slided
Block (6), is provided with spring shift fork (3) on the two axis spiral pieces (5) and spring shift fork (3) one end is fixed on cabinet (4)
Groove in；The two axis ratchet slide block (5) is oppositely arranged with two axis pawl blocks (7), and in two axis ratchet slide blocks (5) and two
It is provided between axis pawl block (7) and is not engaged shape for making two axis ratchet slide blocks (5) and two axis pawl blocks (7) be in normally opened
The spring out of supply (9) of state；The two axis low-speed gear (1), which combines to engage by gear with motor input shaft, to be coupled；The speed
Sensor (29) corresponds to two axis high speed tooth (30) outer end faces；The differential mechanism (31) engages connection by gear with two axis (8).
3. automatic speed-changing system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: motor input shaft combination includes that motor inputs
Axis (12) is provided with clutch gear axle sleeve (14) on the motor input shaft (12), in the clutch gear axle sleeve
(14) input shaft high speed tooth (15) is provided on one end, the input shaft high speed tooth (15) is engaged with two axis high speed teeth (30)；Institute
The one end for stating motor input shaft (12) is protruded into Combined clutch and is connect with Combined clutch.
4. the automatic speed-changing system of electric vehicle as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: the Combined clutch includes clutch
Ontology is provided with the clutch tappet (23) connecting with cabinet, in the clutch tappet on the outside of the clutch body
(23) lobe plate (20) are provided on；One end of the lobe plate (20) have groove, the lobe plate (20) by groove with
Clutch tappet (23) connection, the other end of the lobe plate (20) combine connection with gear shifting motor.
5. the automatic speed-changing system of electric vehicle as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: the clutch body includes band clutch
The clutch housing (26) of device end cap (22) is provided with clutch lower plate (25) and clutch in the clutch housing (26)
Driving disc spacing pressing (21) is provided with friction plate A(27 on the clutch driving plate (21)), and the friction plate A(27) and clutch
Device outer cover (26) by spline couple, in the friction plate A(27) outside be provided with retaining ring (19)；In the clutch lower plate
(25) friction plate B(28 is provided on)；It is provided with spring (24) on the outside of the clutch lower plate (28), the spring (24) one
End is withstood on the inside of clutch housing (26)；Described motor input shaft (12) one end penetrates clutch lower plate (25) center and passes through flower
Key connecting is fixed；The clutch driving plate (21) is coupled with clutch gear axle sleeve (14) by spline；The clutch end
Lid (22) is connect with one end of lobe plate (20).
6. the automatic speed-changing system of electric vehicle as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: gear shifting motor combination includes gear shift
Motor (13) and torque arm axis (18), the gear shifting motor (13) are coupled by flat with one end of torque arm axis (18), and at the end
It is provided with baffle (16), the other end of the torque arm axis couples with lobe plate (20)；It is provided on the cabinet and baffle
(16) corresponding position sensor (17).
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910201893.9A CN109780198A (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2019-03-18 | A kind of automatic speed-changing system of electric vehicle |
| PCT/CN2020/078019 WO2020187046A1 (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2020-03-05 | Automatic transmission system of electric vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910201893.9A CN109780198A (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2019-03-18 | A kind of automatic speed-changing system of electric vehicle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109780198A true CN109780198A (en) | 2019-05-21 |
Family
ID=66488180
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910201893.9A Pending CN109780198A (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2019-03-18 | A kind of automatic speed-changing system of electric vehicle |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109780198A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2020187046A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020187046A1 (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2020-09-24 | 重庆宗申集研机电科技有限公司 | Automatic transmission system of electric vehicle |
| CN111946812A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-17 | 重庆宗申集研机电科技有限公司 | Two keep off gearshift and shift speed change system |
| CN114001156A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-01 | 重庆宗申集研机电科技有限公司 | Gear shifting mechanism and two-gear automatic gear shifting system |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| WO2020187046A1 (en) | 2020-09-24 |
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Effective date of registration: 20190509 Address after: 400054 Second Floor of 12 Blocks 126 Yunan Avenue, Banan District, Chongqing Applicant after: Chongqing Zongshen Jiyan Mechanical and Electrical Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 400054 First Floor of Building No. 126 Yunan Avenue, Banan District, Chongqing Applicant before: CHONGQING ZONGSHEN ELECTRIC POWER TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20190521 |