CN109780029A - A Mechanoluminescent Smart Bolt with Pre-tightening Force Indication - Google Patents
A Mechanoluminescent Smart Bolt with Pre-tightening Force Indication Download PDFInfo
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- CN109780029A CN109780029A CN201910017926.4A CN201910017926A CN109780029A CN 109780029 A CN109780029 A CN 109780029A CN 201910017926 A CN201910017926 A CN 201910017926A CN 109780029 A CN109780029 A CN 109780029A
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- bolt
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- material coating
- installation
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 rare earth aluminate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 35
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011089 mechanical engineering Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005166 mechanoluminescence Methods 0.000 description 45
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于机械工程和土木工程等螺栓连接领域，本专利公开了一种带预紧力指示的力致发光型智能螺栓，是一种能在装配过程中指示预紧力并在安装使用后对预紧力衰减示警的力致发光型智能螺栓。所述智能螺栓包括普通螺栓和力致发光型材料涂层；将力致发光型材料固化在螺栓头表面并且为圆环状，在安装过程中，当预紧力达到目标值时，涂层外环便发光提示；安装后的使用过程中，随着预紧力的衰减涂层发光圆环半径逐渐减小，当接近涂层内环或者发光圆环消失时则需重新拧紧，从而完成预紧力安装指示和衰减示警两项功能。本发明的智能螺栓便于批量生产和保证一致性，现场实用性强且无需破坏螺栓内部结构，具有无损、精度高等有益效果。
The invention belongs to the field of bolt connection such as mechanical engineering and civil engineering. The patent discloses a force-induced luminescent intelligent bolt with pre-tightening force indication, which can indicate the pre-tightening force during the assembly process and adjust the bolt after installation and use. Force-illuminated smart bolts with preload decay warning. The smart bolts include ordinary bolts and electroluminescent material coating; the electroluminescent material is solidified on the surface of the bolt head and is annular. The ring will light up as a reminder; during the use process after installation, the radius of the coated light-emitting ring gradually decreases with the attenuation of the pre-tightening force. When it is close to the inner ring of the coating or the light-emitting ring disappears, it needs to be re-tightened to complete the pre-tightening. Two functions of force installation indication and attenuation warning. The intelligent bolt of the invention is convenient for mass production and ensures consistency, has strong field practicability and does not need to damage the internal structure of the bolt, and has the beneficial effects of non-destructiveness and high precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to civil engineering and mechanical equipments etc. to be fastenedly connected field, in particular to a kind of high-end fasteners assembly
Installation pretightening force instruction is warned with pretightning force decaying after installation in the process.
Background technique
It is bolted and is widely used in the fields such as machinery, building, the energy and Aerospace Engineering.Currently, bolt scene fills
The size of bolt pretightening, in rundown process, the energy of input are controlled with being torque value when tightening bolt by monitoring
Only about 10% is converted into the pretightning force of bolt, and other about 90% energy are by the friction of screw thread facing and nut and connected piece
Contact face frictional dissipation therefore even if facing and end face coefficient of friction have small fluctuation, also lead to after bolt tightens
Certain difference is generated, pretightning force consistency is poor；Although preload can be improved to a certain extent using torque-angle method
The consistency of power, but the torque section in rundown process can still cause practical pre- because of the otherness of end face and facing coefficient of friction
Clamp force and target pretightning force generate certain deviation.In conclusion how to accurately control bolt to tighten pretightning force is in assembled in situ
Urgent problem.
Mechanoluminescence type intelligent bolt proposed by the present invention is there is not yet pertinent literature.The measuring technology master of live practical application
Have following several:
(1) CN 104568282B " a kind of device and its control method for testing bolt pretightening ", CN 103616118B " bolt
And its detection system, the control method of pretightning force " and CN 104075831A " a kind of high-strength bolt pretightening force measuring apparatus " etc.
Patent discloses the method for measuring bolt pretightening by foil gauge, and this method needs paste on the screw rod of each tested bolt
Multiple foil gauges, process is tedious, while enough space layout leads are reserved between bolt and connected piece.This method is to spiral shell
Bolt has certain damage, and is unable to satisfy live batch and assembles.
(2) CN 1156679C " ultrasonic wave bolt fastening force test device ", CN 105115652A are " a kind of using actively super
The method of guided Waves quantification monitoring bolt pre-fastening moment " etc. patents disclose according to ultrasonic wave different stress bolt
The different principle of internal communication speed realizes the measurement of bolt pretightening.This method needs to locate two end faces of bolt in advance
Reason, when measurement, needs couplant and measurement accuracy is affected by operator.
(3) CN 103323170B " a kind of the preload force measuring system and method for the connection of bolt group ", CN 204286667U
" a kind of tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device " etc. discloses the installation pressure sensor between bolt and connected piece and directly measures bolt
Pretightning force, but this method be suitble to detection, experimental verification, be unsuitable for practical set because installation pressure sensor will affect by
The rigidity of connector, while also influencing to combine the reliability of surface pressure distribution and use process.
Furthermore, it is also possible to which amesdial horizontal metroscope and laser sensor directly measure bolt elongate amount, but in practical applications
All there is limitation.
However for the bolt pretightening attenuation problem after installation in use, also there is part to pass through ultrasound
The methods of amount, ring-shaped piezo ceramic detection solve, but have some limitations in construction and installation.
Summary of the invention
Deficiency existing in terms of in view of pretightning force real-time detection in the prior art at the scene bolt assembly application, and installation
Pretightning force decaying is difficult the problems such as accurately measuring in use process afterwards, and the present invention provides a kind of can indicate in assembling process in advance
Clamp force and the intelligent bolt warned after installing and using to pretightning force decaying, i.e., a kind of mechanoluminescence type intelligence with pretightning force instruction
It can bolt.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of mechanoluminescence type intelligent bolt with pretightning force instruction, including bolt and mechanoluminescence type material coating；Described
Mechanoluminescence type material coating will generate lasting light when the external force such as being squeezed, stretching and rubbing, become smaller when external force or
Light extinguishes when disappearance, also, when mechanoluminescence type material coating generates light required external force value is no more than installed
Pretightning force target value；Bolt head surface of the mechanoluminescence profile material curing of coatings in plain bolt.
Further, the mechanoluminescence type rare earth coating for being solidificated in bolt head surface is annulus shape, including pretightning force declines
Subtracting the coating outer ring of the coating inner ring warned and instruction installation pretightening force, coating inner ring corresponds to pretightning force minimum alarm value,
And coating outer ring corresponds to installation pretightening force target value.
Further, the mechanoluminescence type material coating solidifies the bolt head in bolt by way of coating or film
Surface.
Further, the shape of the mechanoluminescence type material coating is according to specifically used Demand Design.
Further, the shape of the mechanoluminescence type rare earth coating is circular ring shape, the circular ring shape of notch, circle, length
Rectangular, hollow rectangle, square, hollow square, hexagon, hollow hexagon, other equilateral or hollow etc.
Side shape.
Further, the mechanoluminescence type material coating is using rare earth aluminate, titanate as the mechanoluminescence of system
Profile material.
Compared with ultrasonic wave, foil gauge and micrometer horizontal metroscope etc. pre-tighten force measuring method, the invention has the following advantages that
(1) for intelligent bolt of the invention convenient for producing in batches and guaranteeing consistency, practical is strong；It is not required to by any measurement
Device and method, in this embodiment it is not even necessary to torque spanner；In the space of narrow dark, installation can more play its advantage.
(2) intelligent bolt collection installation pretightening force of the invention indicates two functions of warning with pretightning force decaying in use process
In one, and to not needing to make any change to existing installation operating condition and structure, there is universality.
(3) without destroying bolt internal structure, have the characteristics that lossless, precision is high.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the bolt arrangement top view of bolt head surface cure circular ring shape mechanoluminescence type material coating.
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is bolt head surface stress distribution curve.
Fig. 4 is the bolt of bolt head surface cure circle mechanoluminescence type material coating.
Fig. 5 is the bolt of bolt head surface cure circular ring shape mechanoluminescence type material coating.
In Fig. 1-5: 1, bolt, 2, mechanoluminescence type material coating, 2-1, coating inner ring, 2-2, coating outer ring.
Specific embodiment
Further explanation is done to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1.Mechanoluminescence type intelligent bolt of the invention, including plain bolt 1 and mechanoluminescence profile material apply
Layer 2.It can be shone this characteristic using mechanoluminescence type material coating stress, mechanoluminescence profile material is passed through into surface treatment coating
Or the techniques such as film are solidificated in bolt head surface and are annular shape, when applying pretightning force to bolt, bolt head can become
Shape is presented " bowl-shape " as shown in Figure 2, and the deformation of bolt head central concave is larger, and corresponding stress value is also larger, and bolt is in front
Edge deformation is smaller, and stress value is also relatively small, and stress value distribution trend is as shown in Figure 3.The deformation of bolt head can be to coated in table
The mechanoluminescence type material coating 2 in face generates the effects of extruding power, and then mechanoluminescence type material coating 2 is made to generate light.
Embodiment 1
A kind of mechanoluminescence type intelligent bolt with pretightning force instruction, as shown in figure 4, including bolt 1 and mechanoluminescence profile material
Coating 2；The mechanoluminescence type material coating 2 will generate light, external force when the external force such as being squeezed, stretching and rubbing
Light extinguishes when becoming smaller or disappearing, and the mechanoluminescence type material coating 2 generates required external force value when light and is not more than installation
Pretightning force target value；The mechanoluminescence type material coating 2 is coated in the bolt head surface of bolt 1, and the mechanoluminescence
Type material coating 2 is circle, wherein the mechanoluminescence type material coating 2 is using rare earth aluminate, titanate as the power of system
Electroluminescent material, such as MgAl11O19:Ce3+,Tb3+。
During the installation process, being continuously increased with pretightning force, bolt head deformation is gradually increased, when pretightning force reaches certain
When value, i.e. the pretightning force luminous value of mechanoluminescence type material coating 2, mechanoluminescence type material coating 2 generates light, with preload
Power further increases, and light radius can constantly increase, until installation pretightening force reaches installation pretightening force target value.
In use process after mounting, since the factors such as vibration, temperature cause bolt pretightening that can constantly reduce, at this time
The light radius of mechanoluminescence type rare earth coating 2 can gradually become smaller, until decaying to the minimum of setting, minimum be can be set
Preload force value when for light disappearance, is also possible to preload force value when bright radius weakens to a certain extent, needs at this time pair
Bolt 1 check and tighten again.
Embodiment 2
A kind of mechanoluminescence type intelligent bolt with pretightning force instruction, as shown in Figure 1,5, including bolt 1 and mechanoluminescence profile
Expect coating 2；Mechanoluminescence type material coating 2 coated in bolt head surface is annulus shape, as shown in Figure 1,5, including coating
Inner ring 2-1 and coating outer ring 2-2, floating coat inner ring 2-1 correspond to pretightning force minimum alarm value, and coating outer ring 2-2 corresponds to peace
Fill pretightning force target value；
The coating inner ring 2-1 and coating outer ring 2-2 will generate light, external force when being squeezed, stretching and rubbing external force
Light extinguishes when disappearance；Wherein, the mechanoluminescence type rare earth coating 2 is rare earth aluminate, titanate is system mechanoluminescence
Material, MgAl11O19:Ce3+,Tb3+。
During the installation process, being continuously increased with bolt pretightening, bolt head deformation are gradually increased, due to different half
Diameter corresponds to different pretightning forces, and when pretightning force reaches certain value, coating inner ring 2-1 will generate a circle light, with preload
Power further increases, and light circle radius can constantly increase, when reaching bolt pretightening target value, at coating outer ring 2-2 just
A circle light is generated well, if installation pretightening force is more than that target pre-tightens force value, light circle radius can be more than coating outer ring 2-2
Radius so as to cause light disappearance.
In use process after mounting, since the factors such as vibration, temperature cause bolt pretightening that can constantly reduce, at this time
Light circle can gradually be shunk to coating inner ring 2-1 from coating outer ring 2-2, decay to the minimum of setting when pretightning force hereinafter,
Then light circle just disappears from coating inner ring 2-1, needs to carry out bolt 1 at this time to check and tighten again.
Embodiment 3
A kind of mechanoluminescence type intelligent bolt with pretightning force instruction, same as Example 1, difference is the mechanoluminescence type
The shape of rare earth coating 2 is different；
The mechanoluminescence type material coating 2 is the annular shape of notch or the rectangle or center hollow of rectangle or center hollow
Hexagon.
It is also same as Example 1 with use process in installation process, with being continuously increased for pretightning force, bolt head deformation by
The pretightning force luminous value of the mechanoluminescence type material coating 2 is gradually increased to, mechanoluminescence type material coating 2 generates light, with
Pretightning force further increase light and constantly enhance, until installation pretightening force reaches installation pretightening force target value.
In use process after mounting, as bolt pretightening can be reduced constantly, mechanoluminescence type material coating 2 it is bright
Light annulus can be inside contracted gradually, until that is, light annulus disappears when decaying to the minimum of setting, then need to examine bolt 1
It looks into and tightens again.
Present invention seek to address that current industry inner bolt assembly pretightening power real-time detection difficulty and installation pretightening force consistency
The problem of difference also provides a kind of inexpensive, efficient solution for bolt Automated assembly, can replace current torque
Method, angle method etc. indirectly control the tightening technique of bolt pretightening.
The especially scheme of embodiment 2, since coating inner ring 2-1 corresponds to pretightning force minimum alarm value and coating outer ring 2-2
The design of corresponding installation pretightening force target value, enables bolt to indicate pretightning force in assembling process and after installing and using to pre-
Clamp force decaying is warned, during the installation process, when pretightning force reaches target value, coating outer ring 2-2 just luminous prompting；After installation
In use process, with pretightning force attenuation coatings shine annular radii be gradually reduced, when close to coating inner ring 2-1 or shine
Annulus disappearance Shi Zexu is tightened again, to complete pretightning force installation instruction and decaying is warned two functions.
Therefore existing structures and methods are compared, practical of the present invention is strong, and adaptability for working condition is strong and has lossless, high
The advantages that precision.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, such as shape, the circle of coating
The diameter etc. of ring, these modifications and embellishments should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910017926.4A CN109780029A (en) | 2019-01-09 | 2019-01-09 | A Mechanoluminescent Smart Bolt with Pre-tightening Force Indication |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910017926.4A CN109780029A (en) | 2019-01-09 | 2019-01-09 | A Mechanoluminescent Smart Bolt with Pre-tightening Force Indication |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109780029A true CN109780029A (en) | 2019-05-21 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910017926.4A Pending CN109780029A (en) | 2019-01-09 | 2019-01-09 | A Mechanoluminescent Smart Bolt with Pre-tightening Force Indication |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113670497A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-11-19 | 山东中天智控科技有限公司 | Detection method and detection device for fastener |
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| CN209638195U (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-11-15 | 烟台中天连接技术研究院 | A kind of mechanoluminescence type intelligent bolt with pretightning force instruction |
-
2019
- 2019-01-09 CN CN201910017926.4A patent/CN109780029A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB900231A (en) * | 1957-10-04 | 1962-07-04 | Henry Anderson Spencer | Means for controlling axial loads on bolts or the like |
| JP2006275796A (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2006-10-12 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | Fasteners and their use |
| CN201374270Y (en) * | 2009-02-07 | 2009-12-30 | 富士康(昆山)电脑接插件有限公司 | Switch |
| CN103670473A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-03-26 | 尤洛卡矿业安全工程股份有限公司 | Anchor bolt fastening force status indication washer |
| CN204085765U (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2015-01-07 | 北京强度环境研究所 | Tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113670497A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-11-19 | 山东中天智控科技有限公司 | Detection method and detection device for fastener |
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Application publication date: 20190521 |