CN109759799B - A kind of processing method rotating the non-rotating reflecting surface structure of semielliptical - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of processing methods for rotating the non-rotating reflecting surface structure of semielliptical.It can effectively reduce the difficulty of processing and technical risk that larger size rotates the non-rotating reflecting surface of semielliptical by this method, have the characteristics that machining accuracy is high, at low cost, result controllability is good.Its major processing steps are as follows: 1) process two 1/4 ellipsoid shells；2) pilot process revolving body splices；3) finish-milling processes pilot process revolving body；4) installation envelope light plug；5) smart car is carried out to pilot process revolving body；6) splice reflecting surface structure blank；7) finish-milling reflecting surface structure blank；8) splice secondary pilot process revolving body；9) fine polishing forms mirror surface；10) splice final reflecting surface structure；11) plated film.

Description

A processing method for non-revolving reflective surface structure of rotating semi-ellipsoid

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of optical processing technology and application, and relates to a processing method for a non-revolving reflective surface structure of a rotating semi-ellipsoid.

Background technique

The semi-ellipsoidal reflector (x ² /a ² +y ² /b ² +z ² /c ² =1; z≥0) has unique spatial structure characteristics, and its conjugate imaging or converging properties can be used to efficiently simplify The optical path solves many technical problems in current optical applications.

According to the three-axis relationship of the ellipsoid, the semi-ellipsoid can be divided into two types: non-rotating semi-ellipsoid (the cross-section is an ellipse when z=0) and rotating semi-ellipsoid (the cross-section is a circle when z=0). It is also divided into three-axis semi-ellipsoid (a≠b≠c) and rotating semi-ellipsoid non-revolving surface (a≠b=c).

Compared with the rotating semi-ellipsoid reflecting surface, the two focal points of the non-rotating semi-ellipsoid reflecting surface are far away from the reflecting surface and equidistant from the cross-section of the ellipsoid, so the optical path is simpler and the application prospect is broader.

According to the working principle of the semi-ellipsoid reflector, the surface accuracy, smoothness and reflectivity of the reflector are the key indicators that affect its application effect. In practical applications, in order to ensure good isolation between the measured object and the test system, the long axis is usually used A semi-ellipsoidal reflector with a large size and low oblateness. The non-rotating semi-ellipsoid reflective surface is non-rotating and belongs to the category of free-form surface processing. Compared with optical processing, its structural size is too large, and the processing accuracy requirements are higher than mechanical processing. It is difficult to meet the accuracy requirements by conventional methods, which limits its Promote apps.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for processing the structure of the non-revolving reflective surface of the rotating semi-ellipsoid. Through structural design, split processing and optical coating, the technical indicators of the reflective surface structure are realized. This method can effectively reduce the processing difficulty and technical risk of the non-rotating reflective surface of the larger-sized rotating semi-ellipsoid, and has the characteristics of high processing precision, low cost, and good controllability of results.

Technical solution of the present invention is:

The invention discloses a processing method for a non-rotating reflective surface structure of a rotating semi-ellipsoid. The non-rotating reflecting surface structure of a rotating semi-ellipsoid is formed by splicing two 1/4 ellipsoidal shells; the following steps are used for processing:

1) Establish the coordinate system XYZ according to the non-revolving reflective surface structure of the rotating semi-ellipsoid to be processed, define the XY plane as the focal plane of the reflective surface structure, and the focal plane is a semi-ellipse, and the YZ surface is the splicing surface of the reflective surface structure, and The splicing surface is semicircular;

2) Process two 1/4 ellipsoidal shells;

2.1) Rough machining;

Carry out rough milling on the base material to process two 1/4 ellipsoidal shells; the two end faces of the 1/4 ellipsoidal shell are semi-elliptical end face and semi-circular end face respectively; the semi-elliptical end face and the coordinate system XYZ The XY plane in the corresponding; the semi-circular end face corresponds to the YZ plane in the coordinate system XYZ; the equipment flange is milled on the semi-elliptical end face, and the splicing flange is milled on the semi-circular end face;

Rough milling a number of light holes on the outer surface of the 1/4 ellipsoid shell, and processing plug installation holes around the light holes on the outer surface of the 1/4 ellipsoid shell;

2.2) Semi-finishing 1/4 ellipsoidal shell;

Perform semi-finish milling on the inner surfaces of the two 1/4 ellipsoidal shells;

2.3) Finish milling of 1/4 ellipsoid shell equipment flange;

Finish milling the outline of the equipment flange, and process the equipment flange holes on the equipment flange;

3) Rotary splicing in the middle process;

Two 1/4 ellipsoidal shells are butt-jointed through the equipment flange to form an intermediate process rotary body;

The bottom surface of the rotary body in the intermediate process is circular, and the horizontal section parallel to the bottom surface of the rotary body in the intermediate process is circular;

The normal section perpendicular to the horizontal section on the rotating body in the middle process is semi-elliptical;

4) The rotating body in the middle process of finishing milling;

Fine milling the outer surface of the rotating body and multiple light holes in the middle process, and process the flange connection holes on the splicing flange;

5) Insert the light sealing plug into the light hole, and use the plug installation hole to fix the light sealing plug on the rotating body in the middle process;

6) Carry out finishing turning on the rotary body in the middle process;

Carry out finish turning processing on the splicing flange; carry out finishing turning on the inner surface of the rotary body in the intermediate process; 7) separate the rotary body in the intermediate process into two 1/4 ellipsoidal shells, and then separate the two 1/4 ellipsoidal shells through the splicing flange The spherical shell is reassembled and installed into the prototype of the reflective surface structure; the focal plane of the prototype of the reflective surface structure is elliptical, and the horizontal sections parallel to the focal plane of the prototype of the reflective surface structure are all elliptical, and the normal section perpendicular to the horizontal section of the prototype of the reflective surface structure is semicircular;

8) Fine milling the prototype of the reflective surface structure;

Finely mill the equipment flange of the prototype of the reflective surface structure, and at the same time mill out an elliptical step groove on the equipment flange and process the bottom plate positioning hole and the bottom plate connection threaded hole;

9) Disassemble the prototype of the reflective surface structure, and then use the equipment flange to butt and assemble to form a secondary intermediate process rotary body;

10) Finely polish the inner surface of the rotary body in the secondary intermediate process, so as to form a mirror surface on the inner surface;

11) Disassemble the rotating body in the secondary intermediate process, and then use the splicing flange to butt and assemble to form the final reflective surface structure;

12) Optical coating is performed on the inner surface of the final reflective surface structure.

Further, the above light sealing plug is composed of a plug column section and a plug cover; the plug cover is provided with a plurality of plug fixing holes and a plurality of plug positioning holes for fixing the light sealing plug; the plug column section One end is fixedly connected to the plug cover, and the other end is the plug mirror surface, and the plug mirror surface maintains good continuity with the mirror surface.

Further, after performing step 2.1) and before performing step 2.2), it is necessary to perform aging treatment on the 1/4 ellipsoidal shell to eliminate the internal stress of the 1/4 ellipsoidal shell.

Further, after the step 7) and the step 7) separate the rotary body in the intermediate process, the two separated 1/4 ellipsoidal shells need to be cleaned.

Further, after the step 11) disassembles the rotator in the secondary intermediate process, the two separated 1/4 ellipsoidal shells need to be cleaned.

Further, the step 10) uses a diamond tool to finely polish the inner surface of the rotary body in the secondary intermediate process.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The processing method provided by the present invention realizes the operation mode of fine turning and polishing on the mirror surface, which can effectively reduce the processing difficulty and technical risk of the non-revolving reflective surface of the larger-sized rotating semi-ellipsoid, and has high processing accuracy, low cost, The results have good controllability and other characteristics.

2. The processing method provided by the present invention can promote the popularization and application of non-rotating semi-ellipsoid reflective surfaces.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the non-rotating reflective surface of the rotating semi-ellipsoid

Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the rotary body in the middle process;

4 is a top view of the final reflective surface structure;

Fig. 5 is the bottom view of the final reflecting surface structure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a light sealing plug.

The reference signs are:

1-1/4 ellipsoid shell, 2-intermediate process rotor, 3-joining flange, 4-equipment flange, 5-equipment flange hole, 6-light hole, 7-light sealing plug, 8- Oval step groove, 9-base plate positioning hole, 10-bottom plate connecting threaded hole, 11-reflector surface, 12-plug column section, 13-plug cover, 14-plug fixing hole, 15-plug positioning hole, 16-plug mirror.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the process described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention.

For the non-revolving reflector structure of the rotating semi-ellipsoid, its horizontal cross-section is an ellipse, and its normal section is a semicircle, which cannot be processed with high precision by a lathe.

Therefore, the present invention provides a processing method for a non-revolving reflective surface structure of a rotating semi-ellipsoid. Since the structure of a non-revolving reflective surface of a rotating semi-ellipsoid is spliced by two 1/4 ellipsoidal shells, the specific implementation steps of its processing Yes, the specific process is shown in Figure 1:

Step 1) Establish the coordinate system XYZ according to the non-revolving reflective surface structure of the rotating semi-ellipsoid to be processed, as shown in Figure 2, define the XY plane as the focal plane of the reflective surface structure, and the focal plane is a semi-ellipse, and the YZ surface is the reflective surface The splicing surface of the surface structure, and the splicing surface is semicircular;

Step 2) processing two 1/4 ellipsoidal shells 1;

Step 2.1) rough machining;

Rough milling is carried out on the base material to process two 1/4 ellipsoidal shells; the two end faces of the 1/4 ellipsoidal shell are semi-elliptical end face and semi-circular end face respectively; the semi-elliptical equipment flange end face and the The XY plane (i.e. the focal plane of the reflective surface structure) in the coordinate system XYZ corresponds; the semicircular splicing flange end face corresponds to the YZ plane (i.e. the splicing surface of the reflective surface structure) in the described coordinate system XYZ; in the semi-ellipse The equipment flange is milled on the shaped end face, and the splicing flange is milled on the semicircular end face;

Rough milling a plurality of light holes on the outer surface of the 1/4 ellipsoid shell, and processing plug installation holes around the light holes on the outer surface of the 1/4 ellipsoid shell; according to the application requirements of the reflective surface structure, multiple light holes The axes of holes 6 all pass through the focal point where the measured object is located;

Step 2.2) Carry out aging treatment to two 1/4 ellipsoidal shells 1, eliminate the internal stress of 1/4 ellipsoidal shells 1;

Step 2.3) semi-finishing 1/4 ellipsoidal shell 1;

Perform semi-finish milling on the inner surfaces of the two 1/4 ellipsoidal shells;

Step 2.4) finish milling the equipment flange of 1/4 ellipsoidal shell;

Finish milling the outline of the equipment flange 4, and process the equipment flange hole 5 on the equipment flange 4;

Step 3) Rotary body splicing in the middle process;

Two 1/4 ellipsoidal shells 1 are butted and assembled into an intermediate process rotary body 2 through the equipment flange 4; Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the intermediate process rotary body (X'Y' coordinate plane in Fig. 3 is the same as that in Fig. 2 The YZ plane is equal, and the Y'Z' coordinate plane is equal to the XY coordinate system plane in Fig. 2);

The bottom surface of the intermediate process rotary body 2 (X'Y' plane in Figure 3) is circular, and the horizontal sections parallel to the bottom surface of the intermediate process rotary body are all circular;

The normal section perpendicular to the horizontal section on the rotating body 2 in the middle process (like the Y' Z' plane in Figure 3) is semi-elliptical;

Step 4) finish milling the rotating body 2 in the intermediate process;

Fine milling the outer surface of the rotating body 2 and multiple light holes 6 in the intermediate process, and processing the flange connection holes on the splicing flange 3;

Step 5) Insert the light sealing plug 7 into the light hole 6, and use screws to fix the light sealing plug 7 on the rotating body 2 in the middle process; it should be noted that: in order to adapt to different working modes, each The light holes are all equipped with corresponding light sealing plugs, as shown in Figure 6, the light sealing plug 7 is composed of a plug column section 12 and a plug cover 13, and the plug cover 13 is provided with a light sealing plug 7 for fixing A plurality of plug fixing holes 14 and a plurality of plug positioning holes 15; one end of the plug column section 12 is fixedly connected with the plug cover 13, and the other end is a plug mirror surface 16, and the plug mirror surface 16 is kept in good condition with the reflector surface continuity.

Step 6) Carry out finish turning on the rotary body 2 in the intermediate process;

Carry out finishing turning on the splicing flange; turn the inner surface of the rotating body in the middle process;

Step 7) Separate the rotary body 2 in the intermediate process into two 1/4 ellipsoidal shells, first clean the separated two 1/4 ellipsoidal shells to remove residues, and then connect the two 1/4 ellipsoidal shells by splicing the flange 3 1/4 ellipsoid shell, re-spliced and installed into the prototype of the reflective surface structure; the focal plane of the prototype of the reflective surface structure is elliptical, and the horizontal sections parallel to the focal plane of the prototype of the reflective surface structure are all elliptical. The normal section perpendicular to the section is a semicircle (see Figure 2 for the schematic diagram of the prototype of the reflecting surface structure);

Step 8) fine milling the prototype of the reflective surface structure;

Finely mill the equipment flange 4 of the prototype of the reflective surface structure, and at the same time mill out an elliptical step groove 8 on the equipment flange 4 and process the bottom plate positioning hole 9 and the bottom plate connecting threaded hole 10; the oval step groove 8, the bottom plate positioning hole 9 and the bottom plate connection threaded hole 10 are used to install the focal plane positioning bottom plate used in conjunction with the reflective surface structure.

Step 9) Disassemble the prototype of the reflecting surface structure, and then use the equipment flange 4 to butt and assemble to form a secondary intermediate process rotary body;

Step 10) Perform fine polishing on the inner surface of the rotary body in the secondary intermediate process (fine polishing adopts single-point diamond turning, not limited to single-point diamond turning), so as to form a mirror surface 11 on the inner surface;

Step 11) Disassemble the revolving body in the secondary intermediate process, first clean the two disassembled 1/4 ellipsoidal shells, remove the residue, and then use the splicing flange 3 to butt and assemble again to form the final reflective surface structure, As shown in Figure 4-Figure 5.

Step 12) Perform optical coating on the inner surface of the final reflective surface structure.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of processing method for rotating the non-rotating reflecting surface structure of semielliptical rotates the non-rotating reflecting surface structure of semielliptical by two A 1/4 ellipsoid shell is spliced；It is characterized in that, being processed using following steps:

1) coordinate system XYZ is established according to the non-rotating reflecting surface structure of rotation semielliptical to be processed, definition X/Y plane is reflecting surface The focal plane of structure, and focal plane is half elliptic, the face YZ is the Mosaic face of reflecting surface structure, and Mosaic face is semicircle；

2) two 1/4 ellipsoid shells are processed；

2.1) roughing；

Substrate is rough milled, two 1/4 ellipsoid shells are processed；Two end faces of 1/4 ellipsoid shell be respectively half elliptic end face, Semicircular end-face；Half elliptic end face is corresponding with the X/Y plane in the coordinate system XYZ；Semicircular end-face and the coordinate system The face YZ in XYZ is corresponding；Vessel flange is milled out on half elliptic end face, mills out splicing flange in semicircular end-face；

Multiple light holes are rough milled out on 1/4 ellipsoid shell outer surface, plug peace is processed around 1/4 ellipsoid shell outer surface light hole Fill hole；

2.2) half finish-milling processes 1/4 ellipsoid shell；

Half finish-milling is carried out to the inner surface of two 1/4 ellipsoid shells respectively；

2.3) finish-milling processes 1/4 ellipsoid casing equipment flange；

Finish-milling, and the process equipment flange hole on vessel flange are carried out to the profile of vessel flange；

3) pilot process revolving body splices；

By two 1/4 ellipsoid shells by vessel flange Butt Assembling at a pilot process revolving body；

The bottom surface of pilot process revolving body is circle, and the horizontal cross-section parallel with the bottom surface of pilot process revolving body is circle；

The normal section vertical with horizontal cross-section is half elliptic on pilot process revolving body；

4) finish-milling processes pilot process revolving body；

Finish-milling pilot process turns round external surface and multiple light holes, and processes flange connecting hole on splicing flange；

5) envelope light plug is inserted into light hole, and is fixed on pilot process revolving body for light plug is sealed using plug mounting hole On；

6) smart car is carried out to pilot process revolving body；

Finishing processing is carried out to splicing flange；Finishing processing is carried out to pilot process inside surface；

7) pilot process revolving body is separated into two 1/4 ellipsoid shells, then is spelled two 1/4 ellipsoid shells again by splicing flange It connects and is mounted to reflecting surface structure blank；

The focal plane of reflecting surface structure blank is ellipse, and the horizontal cross-section parallel with the focal plane of reflecting surface structure blank is Ellipse, the normal section vertical with horizontal cross-section is semicircle in reflecting surface structure blank；

8) finish-milling is carried out to reflecting surface structure blank；

The vessel flange of finish-milling reflecting surface structure blank, while milling out an oval step groove on vessel flange and processing Bottom plate location hole and bottom plate connection screw thread hole；

9) reflecting surface structure blank is split, then utilizes vessel flange Butt Assembling, forms secondary pilot process revolving body；

10) inner surface of secondary pilot process revolving body is finely polished, to form mirror surface in inner surface；

11) secondary pilot process revolving body is split, then using splicing flange Butt Assembling, forms final reflecting surface structure；

12) optical coating is carried out to the inner surface of final reflecting surface structure.

2. the processing method of the rotation non-rotating reflecting surface structure of semielliptical according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Envelope light plug is made of plug shell of column, plug cover；Plug cover be equipped with multiple plug fixation holes for fixed envelope light plug with And multiple plug location holes；Plug shell of column one end and plug cover are connected, and the other end is plug mirror surface, plug mirror surface and the mirror surface Keep good continuity.

3. the processing method of the rotation non-rotating reflecting surface structure of semielliptical according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: holding After row step 2.1), also needs to carry out ageing treatment to 1/4 ellipsoid shell before executing step 2.2), eliminate the interior of 1/4 ellipsoid shell Stress.

4. the processing method of the rotation non-rotating reflecting surface structure of semielliptical according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Step 7) needs to start the cleaning processing two 1/4 ellipsoid shells of separation after separating pilot process revolving body.

5. the processing method of the rotation non-rotating reflecting surface structure of semielliptical according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Step 11) needs to start the cleaning processing two 1/4 ellipsoid shells of separation after splitting secondary pilot process revolving body.

6. the processing method of the rotation non-rotating reflecting surface structure of semielliptical according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Step 10) finely polishes the inner surface of secondary pilot process revolving body using diamond cutter.