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CN109752832A - A method for controlling the movement of a microscope barrel on the Z axis and an automatic microscope - Google Patents

A method for controlling the movement of a microscope barrel on the Z axis and an automatic microscope Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109752832A
CN109752832A CN201910225927.8A CN201910225927A CN109752832A CN 109752832 A CN109752832 A CN 109752832A CN 201910225927 A CN201910225927 A CN 201910225927A CN 109752832 A CN109752832 A CN 109752832A
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China
Prior art keywords
lens barrel
axis
microscope
height
camera
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CN201910225927.8A
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CN109752832B (en
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马朔昕
王坦
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Terry Technologies Nanjing Co ltd
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Terry Technologies Nanjing Co ltd
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  • Lens Barrels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a motion control method of a microscope lens cone on a Z axis and an automatic microscope, wherein the microscope comprises a camera fixedly arranged on one side of the microscope lens cone, the microscope lens cone is provided with at least one mark point which can be identified by the camera, and the current pixel position of the mark point in a current image is obtained through the camera; calculating the difference of the number of pixels in the height direction between the current pixel position and the ideal pixel position obtained when the marking point is calibrated in advance; calculating the height deviation information between the current height and the ideal height of the microscope lens cone according to the pixel number difference information and a preset rule; and adjusting the height of the microscope lens barrel through the height deviation information. By adopting the method and the automatic microscope of the invention, the Z axis is controlled without a positioning module and a linear motion module with high absolute positioning precision, and the practical effect is achieved by using low-precision hardware positioning and software calculation positioning, thereby greatly reducing the cost.

Description

The motion control method and micrometron of a kind of microscope lens barrel on Z axis
Technical field
The present invention relates to pathology digital areas, and in particular to a kind of motion control method of microscope lens barrel on Z axis And micrometron.
Background technique
Micrometron (motorized microscope) technology develops by ten several years, comparative maturity.But wherein Principle of the model with full slice scanning (whole slide imaging) function mostly based on high-accuracy mechanical positioning, cost It is high, limit its extensive use in low budget requirement user.
For essence, micrometron is mobile observed usually using three degree of freedom as traditional Manual Microscope Sample: X, Y-axis horizontal plane are mobile and Z axis vertically moves.Wherein, Z axis moving lens directly determines micro optical system Object distance, thus determine focusing imaging effect.
In order to guarantee that operational process is controllable and stablizes, Z axis and X, Y-axis also need high-precision positioning function, but design Z The condition of the positioning system of axis and X, Y-axis are different: by gravity on one side Z axis, it is ensured that do not have in downward direction (operation of lens barrel substantially passes through screw slider subband and moves, under the effect of gravity, it is ensured that sliding block closely connects always in dead zone Lead screw is contacted, therefore the sliding block setting in motion on lead screw at once in lead screw rotation, without " lost motion ").
On the other hand, using high magnification when the camera lens of flash depth, being only located exactly in Z axis height can guarantee optical system System is neat/position of focus at when just it is observed that clearly image, slightly move up and down and (usually only need several microns, and head office Journey has several millimeters) make it is out of focus after, picture is just very fuzzy, the current height of Z axis can not be measured by it, in addition on sample It is widely present and is not covered by sample and be thorough blank, the region that can not determine focus plane by micro-image, thus can not Z axis height is measured when guaranteeing at an arbitrary position.This means that high absolute fix precision, price must be used high in the prior art High Z axis measures kinematic system.Find out the position of current lens barrel neat/focus with target first by high-precision positioning device The difference in height at place, then drive lens barrel to walk downward or upward by control running gear and reach ideal position.It is high-precision fixed Position device is expensive, not convenient for safeguarding.
In addition, get a bird's eye view photo to shoot the full sheet of sample, be commonly provided on micrometron it is being separated with microlens, Low range gets a bird's eye view camera, but it is usually unrelated with motion control.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is proposing that a kind of high-precision for avoiding being not easy using high-cost, maintenance is hard Part positioning device and can be realized motion control method of the microscope lens barrel of same effect on Z axis and using this method from Dynamic microscope.
The technical solution (one) that the present invention proposes to solve above-mentioned technical problem is: a kind of microscope lens barrel is on Z axis Motion control method, the microscope include the camera for being installed in microscope lens barrel side, are had on the microscope lens barrel There is the mark point that can be identified by the camera at least one, the described method comprises the following steps:
A digital picture when width is in about microscope lens barrel present level position is obtained by the camera, finds out the mark The current pixel position of note point in the images;
Count the current pixel position and the mark point in preparatory calibration between ideal pixel position obtained in height The number of pixels spent on direction is poor;
According to the number of pixels difference information by preset rules calculate the microscope lens barrel present level and ideal height it Between height tolerance information;
Height adjustment is carried out to microscope lens barrel by the height tolerance information.
Further, the ideal pixel position of the mark point is by camera shooting in ideal height position Image is obtained after microscope lens barrel and then is obtained in the images.
Further, described to microscope lens barrel progress height adjustment is realized by lens barrel Z axis walking mechanism, the mirror Cylinder Z axis walking mechanism includes the Z axis lead screw being vertically arranged, the Z axis motor of the driving Z axis lead screw rotation and setting in institute The Z axis sliding block on Z axis lead screw is stated, the Z axis sliding block connects firmly the microscope lens barrel.
The technical solution (two) that the present invention proposes to solve above-mentioned technical problem is: a kind of micrometron, including lens barrel, It is characterized by:
The micrometron includes objective table, central controller, a camera for being installed in the lens barrel side and for band The Z axis walking mechanism that moving lens barrel is moved back and forth along Z axis,
There is the mark point that can be identified by the camera at least one on the lens barrel,
The camera is suitable for being shot under central controller controls, and by the instantaneous transmission of gained image to central controller,
The central controller is suitable for control camera and is shot, and the central controller has image recognizing and processing unit, institute Image recognizing and processing unit is stated to be suitable for identifying mark point in the picture and obtain the current pixel position about the mark point;Institute Central controller is stated with computing unit, the computing unit is suitable for calculating the current pixel position and ideal pixel of mark point Number of pixels between position in the height direction is poor, and then calculates described show by preset rules according to the number of pixels difference Height tolerance information between micro mirror lens barrel present level and ideal height;The central controller is further adapted for according to the height Deviation information controls the Z axis walking mechanism and the lens barrel is driven to run at ideal height position.
It further, further include the reflective mirror being arranged between lens barrel and camera with 45 degree of inclination angles,
The objective table is two-dimension translational objective table, and the two-dimension translational objective table can be under the control of the central controller Print is driven to below the reflective mirror.
Further, the micrometron has lens barrel fixed frame, there is forward horizontal connection on the lens barrel fixed frame The horizontal hoop fastening frame of the lens barrel of stretching, the lens barrel are assemblied in the horizontal hoop fastening frame of the lens barrel and can embrace in the lens barrel level It is freely slided up and down under the support of spider along Z-direction,
The Z axis walking mechanism is arranged between lens barrel and lens barrel fixed frame, and the Z axis walking mechanism includes the Z being vertically arranged Axial filament thick stick and Z axis motor for driving the Z axis lead screw are provided with Z axis sliding block on the Z axis lead screw, and the Z axis sliding block is solid It is linked to lens barrel lower part.
Further, the objective table has lighting module, and the lighting module is set to below print set-down location,
The mark point is the circle chamfering that lens barrel object lens bottom is arranged at, the chamfering quilt when the lighting module is opened It illuminates.
Further, the objective table is that can carry out the objective table that two-dimensional level moves along XY axis,
The objective table includes X-axis motor, and X-axis lead screw is connected on the power output shaft of X-axis motor, is connected with X-axis on lead screw Sliding block, X-axis slide block are connected to lower layer's objective table;
It is provided with y-axis motor on lower layer's objective table, Y-axis lead screw is connected on the power output shaft of y-axis motor, is connected on Y-axis lead screw It is connected to Y-axis sliding block, Y-axis linear bearing is connected to upper stage, print set-down location is provided on the table top of upper stage.
Further, be connected with laser reflection plate on the lens barrel, be provided with above the laser reflection plate for institute The laser ranging module of laser reflection plate cooperation ranging is stated, the signal of the laser ranging module is exported to central controller.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
By using micrometron in method in the present invention and the present invention, without high absolute fix precision locating module and Linear moving module controls Z axis, and calculates positioning with software using the positioning of low precision hardware and reached identical practical function, Greatly reduce cost.
Micrometron also realizes two kinds of purposes by a camera in the present invention: first, being cooperated by camera It completes software and calculates position objective height, control system cost;Second, passing through 45 degree of reflective mirrors and the mobile realization bird to print It looks down from a height the acquisition of photo.
And system can be automatically corrected, and transport or equipment attrition aging all may cause hardware positioning systems ginseng Number changes, and fixed and closed imaging system quality and software calculating are sufficiently stable, can by automatically correcting parameter Greatly to extend the Acceptable life of product.
Detailed description of the invention
Micrometron of the invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the outer casing construction drawing of micrometron in embodiment one;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of micrometron in embodiment one;
Fig. 3 is the right view of micrometron in embodiment one;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram in embodiment one after the micrometron removal horizontal hoop fastening frame of lens barrel;
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of reflector;
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram at oblique 45 degree of visual angles immediately ahead of micrometron in embodiment one;
Fig. 7 is the top view of micrometron in embodiment one;
Fig. 8 is the A-A of micrometron in embodiment one to structure cut-away view.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one
According to Fig. 1, the micrometron in the present embodiment is placed in normal work in cabinet type cabinet, the front of cabinet With dodge gate, operator can open dodge gate and then load print.
As shown in Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, the micrometron in the present embodiment includes lens barrel 1, in the present embodiment as excellent Choosing: micrometron has the lens barrel fixed frame 2 of N-shaped, is connected with the lens barrel water stretched out horizontally forward on lens barrel fixed frame 2 Flat hoop fastening frame 3, lens barrel 1 are assemblied in the horizontal hoop fastening frame 3 of lens barrel and can be in the case where the horizontal hoop fastening frame 3 of lens barrel are helped along Z-direction Freely slide up and down.In other application scene can it is unlimited using the present embodiment disclosed in lens barrel 1 fixed solution, if tool There is the fixed supporting role of similar lens barrel 1.The acquisition camera 98 of image after special shooting is amplified can be connected on lens barrel, Also for visually observing.
Micrometron further include objective table 4, central controller (not shown), one be installed in 1 side of lens barrel Camera 5 and Z axis walking mechanism 6 for being moved back and forth with moving lens barrel 1 along Z axis.Objective table 4 has print set-down location 401, print Set-down location 401 is for fixing print (not shown).
There is the mark point that can be identified by camera 5 at least one on lens barrel 1.Mark point can be to be painted on 1 surface of lens barrel Feature color dot/block, be also possible to be capable of forming the projections/grooves of obvious visual angle contrast.As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 6, in this implementation Mark point is the circle chamfering 101 that 1 object lens bottom of lens barrel is arranged in example, and there is objective table 4 lighting module (not show in figure Out), lighting module is mounted in the lighting module mounting base 410 of 401 lower section of print set-down location.When lighting module is opened When, print is beaten that bright and chamfering 101 is illuminated together when passing through print by light.It shoots from 5 position of camera, mark point Being reflected in partially is the bright silver horizontal stripe together with certain altitude and width in image, which is For the imaging moiety of mark point in the picture.
Camera 5 is suitable for being shot under central controller controls, and by gained image instantaneous transmission to central controller.
Central controller has image recognizing and processing unit, and image recognizing and processing unit is suitable for identifying representative in the picture Current pixel position of the pixel portion and acquisition of mark point about the mark point, current pixel position can be using label point diagrams As any of the location information set of picture element position information or multiple pixels indicate.
Central controller has computing unit, and computing unit is suitable for calculating the current pixel position and ideal picture of mark point Number of pixels between plain position in the height direction is poor, and then calculates microscope mirror by preset rules according to number of pixels difference Height tolerance information between 1 present level of cylinder and ideal height.The ideal pixel position of so-called mark point in the present embodiment Refer in factory or follow-up maintenance calibration, is first obtained after the microscope lens barrel 1 of ideal height position by the shooting of camera 5 Image, then by central controller to obtaining after the image recognition processing of the image.Ideal height refers to that the height of lens barrel 1 is suitable for Clearly print amplification imaging is observed in object-eyepiece cooperation.Aforementioned preset rules refer to that number of pixels difference and actual height are poor Proportionate relationship, which is by the spacing and 5 camera lens of camera or image-forming module hardware between camera 5 and lens barrel 1 Matter is determined that the preset rules can both be tested by limited times and be determined, can also directly pass through 5 camera lens of camera or image-forming module The parameter of hardware determines.
Central controller is further adapted for running to ideal height with moving lens barrel 1 according to height tolerance information control Z axis walking mechanism 6 It spends at position.As shown in figure 8, in the present embodiment, Z axis walking mechanism 6 is arranged between lens barrel 1 and lens barrel fixed frame 2, Z axis Walking mechanism 6 includes the Z axis lead screw 602 being vertically arranged and the Z axis motor 601 for driving Z axis lead screw 602, Z axis lead screw 602 On be provided with Z axis sliding block 603, Z axis sliding block 603 connects firmly 1 lower part of lens barrel.The control terminal of so central controller is connected to Z axis The controlled end of motor 601.Certainly for needed for different situations, Z axis walking mechanism 6 can also be by other hard with same function Part mechanism replaces.
In order to realize be based on a camera 5 and realize two kinds of functions, further can also include in the present embodiment with The reflective mirror (not shown) between lens barrel 1 and camera 5 is arranged in 45 degree of inclination angles.It is used for as Fig. 6 is shown in the present embodiment The mounting base 7 of fixed counter-mirror, the mounting base 7 have a pair of engaging lug 701 for being used to be connected to lens barrel fixed frame 2, are connecting The lower section of ear 701 has the reflective mirror link slot 702 in 45 degree of inclination angles.Reflective mirror is able to through reflective mirror link slot 702 in 45 The installation of degree inclination angle is connected in mounting base 7.The present embodiment only discloses a kind of relatively reasonable reflective mirror mount scheme, for it It considers that other reflective mirror mount schemes with equivalent technology effect can also be used.
As shown in fig. 7, objective table 4 is two-dimension translational objective table 4, two-dimension translational objective table 4 can be in central controller Print is driven to below reflective mirror under control.Wherein be used as and be preferably: the objective table 4 is that two-dimentional water can be carried out along XY axis The dynamic objective table 4 of translation.Objective table 4 includes X-axis motor 402, is connected with X-axis lead screw on the power output shaft of X-axis motor 402 403, X-axis slide block 404 is connected on X-axis lead screw 403, and X-axis slide block 404 is connected to lower layer's objective table 405.Lower layer's objective table 405 On be provided with y-axis motor 406, Y-axis lead screw 407 is connected on the power output shaft of y-axis motor 406, is connected on Y-axis lead screw 407 There is Y-axis sliding block 408, Y-axis linear bearing is connected to upper stage 409, is provided with print on the table top of upper stage 409 and puts Set place 401.
As shown in figure 5, can be used as preferably to adapt to the bigger walking spacing in the Z-axis direction of lens barrel 1: It is connected with laser reflection plate 801 on lens barrel 1, is provided with above laser reflection plate 801 for cooperating ranging with laser reflection plate 801 Laser ranging module 802, the signal of laser ranging module 802 exports to central controller.Laser ranging in the present embodiment Module 802 is installed at the horizontal hoop fastening frame 3 of lens barrel, also may be mounted at other positions for other considerations.In this way when lens barrel 1 When higher position makes camera 5 that can not take mark point, central controller passes through the rough ranging of laser ranging module 802 As a result first control Z axis walking mechanism 6 is declined for the first time.When camera 5 can take mark point, and then recycle aforementioned picture Plain difference information carries out accurately secondary control decline (repeating no more).
Embodiment two
The present embodiment is related to a kind of motion control method of microscope lens barrel 1 on Z axis, and this method establishes skill in example 1 On the basis of the core concept of art scheme, solves needed for technical problem and the unmentioned part of the present embodiment adopts and mentions in embodiment one The related art scheme of confession.
A kind of motion control method of microscope lens barrel 1 on Z axis, microscope include one and are installed in microscope lens barrel 1 The camera 5 of side, with the mark point that can be identified by camera 5 at least one on microscope lens barrel 1, method includes following step It is rapid:
A digital picture when width is in about microscope lens barrel 1 present level position is obtained by camera 5, mark point is found out and exists Current pixel position in the image.
Count current pixel position and mark point in preparatory calibration between ideal pixel position obtained in height side Upward number of pixels is poor.
It is calculated between 1 present level of microscope lens barrel and ideal height according to number of pixels difference information by preset rules Height tolerance information.
Height adjustment is carried out to microscope lens barrel 1 by height tolerance information.
Wherein as being preferably: the ideal pixel position of mark point is by the shooting of camera 5 in ideal height position Microscope lens barrel 1 after obtain image and then obtaining in the images.
Wherein be used as and be preferably: it is real by lens barrel 1Z axis walking mechanism 6 for carrying out height adjustment to microscope lens barrel 1 Existing, lens barrel 1Z axis walking mechanism 6 includes the Z axis motor of the Z axis lead screw 602 being vertically arranged, the driving rotation of Z axis lead screw 602 601 and the Z axis sliding block 603 that is arranged on Z axis lead screw 602, Z axis sliding block 603 connect firmly microscope lens barrel 1.
Of the invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the technical solution of above-mentioned each embodiment of the invention can be handed over each other Fork combination form new technical solution, in addition it is all using equivalent replacement formed technical solution, all fall within the present invention claims guarantor It protects in range.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of motion control method of microscope lens barrel on Z axis, it is characterised in that: the microscope includes one and is installed in The camera of microscope lens barrel side, with the mark point that can be identified by the camera at least one on the microscope lens barrel, It the described method comprises the following steps:
A digital picture when width is in about microscope lens barrel present level position is obtained by the camera, finds out the mark The current pixel position of note point in the images;
Count the current pixel position and the mark point in preparatory calibration between ideal pixel position obtained in height The number of pixels spent on direction is poor;
According to the number of pixels difference information by preset rules calculate the microscope lens barrel present level and ideal height it Between height tolerance information;
Height adjustment is carried out to microscope lens barrel by the height tolerance information.
2. motion control method of the microscope lens barrel on Z axis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the mark point Ideal pixel position be by the camera shooting in ideal height position microscope lens barrel after obtain image so that exist It is obtained in the image.
3. motion control method of the microscope lens barrel on Z axis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described to micro- Mirror lens barrel, which carries out height adjustment, to be realized by lens barrel Z axis walking mechanism, and the lens barrel Z axis walking mechanism includes one and sets vertically The Z axis motor of the Z axis lead screw, the driving Z axis lead screw rotation set and the Z axis sliding block being arranged on the Z axis lead screw, the Z Axis sliding block connects firmly the microscope lens barrel.
4. a kind of micrometron, including lens barrel, it is characterised in that:
The micrometron includes objective table, central controller, a camera for being installed in the lens barrel side and for band The Z axis walking mechanism that moving lens barrel is moved back and forth along Z axis,
There is the mark point that can be identified by the camera at least one on the lens barrel,
The camera is suitable for being shot under central controller controls, and by the instantaneous transmission of gained image to central controller,
The central controller has image recognizing and processing unit, and described image identifying processing unit is suitable for identifying in the picture The current pixel position of mark point and acquisition about the mark point;The central controller has computing unit, and the calculating is single The number of pixels that member is suitable for calculating between the current pixel position of mark point and ideal pixel position in the height direction is poor, into And the height between the microscope lens barrel present level and ideal height is calculated by preset rules according to the number of pixels difference Spend deviation information;The central controller is further adapted for controlling Z axis walking mechanism drive institute according to the height tolerance information Lens barrel is stated to run at ideal height position.
5. micrometron according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: further include being arranged with 45 degree of inclination angles in lens barrel and camera Between reflective mirror,
The objective table is two-dimension translational objective table, and the two-dimension translational objective table can be under the control of the central controller Print is driven to below the reflective mirror.
6. micrometron according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the micrometron has lens barrel fixed frame, institute Stating horizontal connection on lens barrel fixed frame has the horizontal hoop fastening frame of the lens barrel forward extended out, and the lens barrel is assemblied in the lens barrel level and embraces It can be slided up and down in spider and freely under the support of the horizontal hoop fastening frame of the lens barrel along Z-direction,
The Z axis walking mechanism is arranged between lens barrel and lens barrel fixed frame, and the Z axis walking mechanism includes the Z being vertically arranged Axial filament thick stick and Z axis motor for driving the Z axis lead screw are provided with Z axis sliding block on the Z axis lead screw, and the Z axis sliding block is solid It is linked to lens barrel lower part.
7. micrometron according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the objective table has lighting module, the illumination Module is set to below print set-down location,
The mark point is the circle chamfering that lens barrel object lens bottom is arranged at, the chamfering quilt when the lighting module is opened It illuminates.
8. the micrometron according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the objective table is that can carry out two along XY axis The objective table moved horizontally is tieed up,
The objective table includes X-axis motor, and X-axis lead screw is connected on the power output shaft of X-axis motor, is connected with X-axis on lead screw Sliding block, X-axis slide block are connected to lower layer's objective table;
It is provided with y-axis motor on lower layer's objective table, Y-axis lead screw is connected on the power output shaft of y-axis motor, is connected on Y-axis lead screw It is connected to Y-axis sliding block, Y-axis linear bearing is connected to upper stage, print set-down location is provided on the table top of upper stage.
9. according to claim 4,5,6,7 or 8 micrometrons, it is characterised in that: it is anti-to be connected with laser on the lens barrel Plate is penetrated, is provided with above the laser reflection plate for the laser ranging module with laser reflection plate cooperation ranging, it is described The signal of laser ranging module is exported to central controller.
CN201910225927.8A 2019-03-25 2019-03-25 Motion control method of microscope lens barrel on Z axis and automatic microscope Active CN109752832B (en)

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