CN109749797B - Additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil - Google Patents
Additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN109749797B CN109749797B CN201910203838.3A CN201910203838A CN109749797B CN 109749797 B CN109749797 B CN 109749797B CN 201910203838 A CN201910203838 A CN 201910203838A CN 109749797 B CN109749797 B CN 109749797B
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000010763 heavy fuel oil Substances 0.000 title abstract description 51
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 title abstract description 36
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- -1 fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 106
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 106
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 100
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 claims description 100
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 79
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 claims description 79
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- FHQWUIZMJXPGRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dichloro-2-fluoropyridine Chemical compound FC1=NC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl FHQWUIZMJXPGRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 18
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 5
- BILPUZXRUDPOOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N stearyl palmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC BILPUZXRUDPOOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- MHXBHWLGRWOABW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCC MHXBHWLGRWOABW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- IIGMITQLXAGZTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCC IIGMITQLXAGZTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- QAKXLTNAJLFSQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl tetradecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC QAKXLTNAJLFSQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 3
- GSAOUZGPXSGVRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6,7-dihydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one Chemical compound C=1C(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2OC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 GSAOUZGPXSGVRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012643 polycondensation polymerization Methods 0.000 description 2
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N ricinelaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960003656 ricinoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- FNMPODAQERUMDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC FNMPODAQERUMDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Tetradecanol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005233 alkylalcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000007084 catalytic combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- FVFPPJUUWBXKFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosyl hexadecanoate Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC FVFPPJUUWBXKFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Chemical group CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SLLMDHBKALJDBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(phenylmethoxycarbonylamino)propanoate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1COC(=O)NC(C(=O)OC)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 SLLMDHBKALJDBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)=O FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- VWOKINHIVGKNRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N palmityl laurate Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC VWOKINHIVGKNRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of fuel additives, and provides an additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil, which at least comprises raw materials of vegetable oil and fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester; also provided is a preparation method of the additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil, which at least comprises the following steps: (1) sequentially adding vegetable oil into a reaction kettle, and uniformly mixing; (2) adding fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, stirring uniformly, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the additive.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fuel additives, in particular to an additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of economy and the growth of population in China, the demand on petroleum resources is increasingly accelerated. But the petroleum resource crisis and the environmental pollution in the world are increasingly serious nowadays, and energy conservation and emission reduction become important subjects worldwide. Internal combustion engines powered by petroleum based fuels are currently facing significant challenges from conserving energy and meeting increasingly stringent emission requirements. In order to improve the quality and the combustion performance of the fuel oil and achieve the final purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction, the fuel oil is added with the energy-saving additive to play a role in catalyzing and supporting combustion, accelerate the combustion speed, enable the fuel oil to be completely released as far as possible, improve the utilization rate of the fuel oil, further reduce the oil consumption and reduce the emission of pollutants. The use of additives without changing the engine structure or adding other equipment devices is considered to be an optimal method for reducing emissions and improving economy.
At present, novel combustion-supporting and energy-saving additives are researched in various countries in the world, and various energy-saving combustion-supporting products are researched, wherein the functions and the effects are different due to different types and components, but the general aim is to promote the complete combustion of fuels. Depending on the products of the catalytic combustion of the additive, it is generally divided into two categories: the additive is ash-containing additive containing metal or solid non-metal oxide, and the additive is ash-free additive containing pure organic matter. The ash type combustion improver can be divided into the following categories according to the metal characteristics: alkali metal salts (inorganic salts, organic salts) alkaline earth metal salts (inorganic salts, organic salts), oxides; transition metal salts, oxides; rare earth metal salts, oxides; noble metals and their organic complexes; the ashless energy-saving combustion improver contains no metal, and mainly comprises single organic matters or multifunctional composite organic matters substituted by oxygen-containing and nitrogen-containing hydroxyl, amino, carbonyl, carboxyl, ether bonds, ester bonds and other functional groups, such as aromatic, aliphatic, polymers and the like. The two additives have respective advantages, wherein the ashless energy-saving combustion improver has the greatest characteristic that no ash is generated after combustion and no secondary pollution problem exists, but the combustion-supporting effect of the ashless energy-saving combustion improver is not good if the ashless combustion improver is used, but the ashless combustion improver is good in effect, but the ashless combustion improver is easy to generate ash and easily causes secondary pollution. Therefore, at present, there is a need to develop a safe, energy-saving and environment-friendly additive which not only has a high-efficiency combustion-supporting effect, but also does not easily produce secondary pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, a first aspect of the present invention provides an additive for diesel oil, biodiesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil, which is suitable for use in the fields of internal combustion engines for vehicles, internal combustion engines for ships and boilers, and comprises at least vegetable oil and alkyl alcohol esters of fatty acids as raw materials.
As a preferred technical solution, the weight ratio of the fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester and the vegetable oil in the present invention is 1: (0.1-1.5).
In a preferred embodiment, the number of carbon atoms contained in the fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester molecule is not more than 38.
As a preferred technical solution, the vegetable oil in the present invention is selected from one or more of corn oil, soybean oil, palm oil, coconut oil, linseed oil and castor oil.
As a preferred technical solution, the vegetable oil in the present invention is a mixture of palm oil, linseed oil and castor oil; the weight ratio of the palm oil to the linseed oil to the castor oil is 1: (0.01-0.5): (0.1-1).
As a preferred technical solution, the weight ratio of the palm oil, the linseed oil and the castor oil in the present invention is 1: (0.1-0.4): (0.4-0.8).
As a preferable technical scheme, the saponification value of the palm oil in the invention is 187-193 mgKOH/g.
As a preferred technical solution, the raw material in the present invention further comprises white oil; the white oil has a kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ of 9-35.2m2/s。
The second aspect of the invention provides a method for using the additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil, wherein the weight ratio of the additive to the fuel oil is 1: (20000-35000).
The third aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil, which at least comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially adding vegetable oil into a reaction kettle, and uniformly mixing; (2) adding fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, stirring uniformly, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the additive.
The foregoing and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present application will become more readily apparent with reference to the following detailed description.
Detailed Description
Unless otherwise indicated, implied from the context, or customary in the art, all parts and percentages herein are by weight and the testing and characterization methods used are synchronized with the filing date of the present application. To the extent that a definition of a particular term disclosed in the prior art is inconsistent with any definitions provided herein, the definition of the term provided herein controls.
The technical features of the technical solutions provided by the present invention are further clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments, and the scope of protection is not limited thereto.
The words "preferred", "preferably", "more preferred", and the like, in the present invention, refer to embodiments of the invention that may provide certain benefits, under certain circumstances. However, other embodiments may be preferred, under the same or other circumstances. Furthermore, the recitation of one or more preferred embodiments does not imply that other embodiments are not useful, nor is it intended to exclude other embodiments from the scope of the invention. The sources of components not mentioned in the present invention are all commercially available.
The invention provides an additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil, which is suitable for the fields of vehicle internal combustion engines, marine internal combustion engines and boilers.
In some embodiments, the additive for diesel oil, biodiesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil according to the present invention comprises, by weight, at least 60-100 parts of fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester and 6-150 parts of vegetable oil.
In some preferred embodiments, the additive for diesel oil, biodiesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil in the present invention comprises, by weight, at least 80-90 parts of fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester and 40-90 parts of vegetable oil.
In some more preferred embodiments, the additive for diesel oil, biodiesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil in the present invention comprises, by weight, at least 85 parts of fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester and 68 parts of vegetable oil.
Fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester
In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester to the vegetable oil is 1: (0.1-1.5); preferably, the weight ratio of the fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester to the vegetable oil is 1: (0.5-1); more preferably, the weight ratio of the fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester to the vegetable oil is 1: (0.6-0.9); most preferably, the weight ratio of the fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester to the vegetable oil is 1: 0.8.
in some embodiments, the total number of carbon atoms in the fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester is no more than 38; preferably, the total number of carbon atoms in the fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester is 15 to 38.
In some embodiments, the total number of carbon atoms in the alcohol segment of the fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester is greater than the total number of carbon atoms in the acid segment.
The fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester includes, but is not limited to, cetyl myristate, stearyl palmitate, behenyl palmitate, myristyl laurate, palmityl laurate, caprylic decanoate, or combinations of one or more thereof; preferably, the fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester is selected from one or more of behenyl palmitate, palmityl laurate and caprylic decanoate; more preferably, the fatty acid alkyl ester is a combination of behenyl palmitate and caprylic decanoate.
In some embodiments, the fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester is a mixture of behenyl palmitate and caprylic decanoate; the weight ratio of the behenyl palmitate to the caprylic decanoate is 1: (0.5-2); preferably, the weight ratio of the behenyl palmitate to the caprylic decanoate is 1: (0.8-1.8); more preferably, the weight ratio of behenyl palmitate to caprylic decanoate is 1: (1-1.5); most preferably, the weight ratio of behenyl palmitate to caprylic decanoate is 1: 1.3.
the CAS number of the hexadecyl myristate is 2599-01-1; the CAS number of the octadecyl palmitate is 2598-99-4; the CAS number of the behenyl palmitate is 42232-33-7; the CAS number of the lauric acid tetradecyl ester is 22412-97-1; the CAS number of the lauric acid palm alcohol ester is 20834-06-4; the CAS number of the caprylic capric acid ester is 2306-92-5.
The alcohol section refers to a carbon chain of alcohol used in the preparation of fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester by alcohol and acid polycondensation polymerization; the acid segment refers to the carbon chain of the acid used for preparing the fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester by alcohol and acid polycondensation polymerization.
The additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil provided by the invention is a plant additive, the additive which is prepared by using vegetable oil and fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester as main raw materials and can be suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil can be fully combusted by adopting the plant raw materials, secondary pollution can not be generated after the combustion, no corrosion effect can be generated on metal and the like, and the additive has better safety and environmental protection performanceThe cleaning effect and the capability of removing generated sediment substances are very good, the fuel quality can be improved, and the applicant conjectures that the possible reason is that the mixture of palm oil, linseed oil and castor oil and the white oil are compounded to provide the proper viscosity for the fuel system, particularly the palm oil with the saponification value of 187-193mgKOH/g and 9-35.2m2When the white oil with the viscosity within a specific range is used together, the white oil and the white oil are matched with each other, so that the adsorbability of the additive to carbon deposit and sediment can be enhanced, the effect of clearing the carbon deposit such as sediment and the like by the detergent is improved, and the fuel quality is further improved.
Vegetable oil
In some embodiments, the vegetable oil of the present invention is selected from the group consisting of corn oil, soybean oil, palm oil, coconut oil, linseed oil, castor oil, and combinations of one or more thereof; preferably, the vegetable oil is selected from one or more of palm oil, linseed oil and castor oil.
In some preferred embodiments, the vegetable oil in the present invention is a mixture of palm oil, linseed oil, castor oil; the weight ratio of the palm oil to the linseed oil to the castor oil is 1: (0.01-0.5): (0.1-1);
in some preferred embodiments, the weight ratio of palm oil, linseed oil and castor oil is 1: (0.1-0.4): (0.4-0.8); more preferably, the weight ratio of the palm oil, the linseed oil and the castor oil is 1: 0.2: 0.6.
in some embodiments, the palm oil of the present invention has a saponification value of 187-; preferably, the saponification value of the palm oil is 189 mgKOH/g.
The saponification value is defined as the number of mg of potassium hydroxide consumed by alkaline hydrolysis of 1g of oil.
White oil
In some embodiments, the feedstock further comprises 50 to 200 parts white oil; the kinematic viscosity of the white oil at 40 ℃ is 9-35.2m2S; preferably, the raw material also comprises 100-150 parts of white oil; the kinematic viscosity of the white oil at 40 ℃ is 9-11m2/s、13.5-16.5m2/s、24-28m2/s、28.8-35.2m2One or more of; preferably, the raw material also comprises 120 parts of white oil; the kinematic viscosity of the white oil at 40 ℃ is 9-11m2/s、13.5-16.5m2/s、24-28m2One or more of; more preferably, the raw material further comprises 120 parts of white oil; the kinematic viscosity of the white oil at 40 ℃ is 9-11m2/s、13.5-16.5m2One or more of; most preferably, the raw materials also comprise 120 parts of white oil; the kinematic viscosity of the white oil at 40 ℃ is 13.5-16.5m2/s。
The applicant finds that the fatty acid alkyl ester and the palm oil can improve the effective combustion effect of the fuel oil under the compounding synergistic action of the linseed oil and the castor oil, and particularly, when the fatty acid alkyl ester and the palm oil are used together with the mixture of the palm oil, the linseed oil and the castor oil in a specific proportion, the combustion effect of the fuel oil can reach the best, the fuel oil can simultaneously have the lowest oil consumption and the lowest exhaust emission, and the supposition is that the castor oil in the three vegetable oils contains 90 percent of ricinoleic acid, namely 9-alkenyl-12 hydroxyoctadecanoic acid, has a special structure of long carbon chains with polyhydroxy functional groups, while the linseed oil contains alpha-linolenic acid with multiple double bond long carbon chains and is compounded with the fatty acid alkyl ester with a specific length to generate a special synergistic action, so that the looseness of a liquid system can be improved, the low-temperature viscosity resistance of diesel oil with low cetane number and the like can be improved, the combustibility of diesel oil, heavy oil and the like is improved, so that the oil saving performance is improved, the exhaust emission is also greatly reduced, and the antioxidant corrosion resistance stability of the auxiliary agent can be improved by using the palm oil with the saponification value of 187-, 193mgKOH/g and the ricinoleic acid together.
The second aspect of the invention provides a method for using the additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil, wherein the weight ratio of the additive to the fuel oil is 1: (20000-35000).
In some preferred embodiments, the amount of the additive is 1: (24000-30000); preferably, the dosage of the additive accounts for 1: 27000.
the applicant finds that the use amount of the additive in the invention has a remarkable influence on the effect of the fuel, wherein the weight ratio of the additive to the fuel is 1: (20000-35000) is the best, the too high and too low usage will affect the fuel consumption, the exhaust emission and the fuel cleaning effect to a certain extent, it can have very good combustion-supporting effect, the fuel-saving rate is the lowest, the cost performance is the best, the too little additive will not reach the fuel-saving, emission-reducing and combustion-supporting effect, and the too much additive will not reach the better combustion-supporting effect, the applicant thinks that other additives which may occupy a certain amount will produce the destructive effect to the cooperativity of the combustion-supporting agent, thus the looseness of the fuel liquid will not be changed, and the function will not be played.
The third aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil, which at least comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially adding vegetable oil into a reaction kettle, and uniformly mixing; (2) adding fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, stirring uniformly, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the additive.
In some embodiments, the method for preparing the additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil,
the method at least comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuumizing the reaction kettle, sequentially adding the vegetable oil and the white oil into the reaction kettle, stirring for 0.5-1h at the pressure of 0.05-0.1MPa and the temperature of 60-110 ℃, and uniformly mixing;
(2) adding fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, stirring for 1-3h, stirring uniformly, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the additive.
In some preferred embodiments, the method for preparing the additive for diesel oil, biodiesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil at least comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuumizing the reaction kettle, sequentially adding the vegetable oil and the white oil into the reaction kettle, stirring for 0.6-0.8h at the pressure of 0.06-0.09MPa and the temperature of 80-100 ℃, and uniformly mixing;
(2) adding fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, stirring for 1.5-2.5h, stirring uniformly, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the additive.
In some more preferred embodiments, the method for preparing the additive for diesel oil, biodiesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil at least comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuumizing the reaction kettle, sequentially adding the vegetable oil and the white oil into the reaction kettle, stirring for 0.7h at the pressure of 0.07MPa and the temperature of 90 ℃, and uniformly mixing;
(2) adding fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, stirring for 2h, stirring uniformly, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the additive.
The present invention is described in detail by the following examples, which are provided for the purpose of further illustration only and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention, and non-essential modifications and adaptations thereof by those skilled in the art according to the present invention will still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
An additive suitable for diesel oil, biological diesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil, the raw materials include, by weight, 85 parts of fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, 68 parts of vegetable oil, 120 parts of white oil;
the fatty acid alkyl ester is a mixture of behenyl palmitate and caprylic decanoate, and the weight ratio of the behenyl palmitate to the caprylic decanoate is 1: 1.3; the vegetable oil is a mixture of palm oil, linseed oil and castor oil, and the weight ratio of the palm oil to the linseed oil to the castor oil is 1: 0.2: 0.6, the saponification value of the palm oil is 189mgKOH/g, and the palm oil can be purchased from Guangzhou Runli chemical Co., Ltd., 52-degree palm oil; the linseed oil can be purchased from natural perfume oil Co., Ltd, Jishui county, Jiyuan Tang, and the brand is JYT; the castor oil can be purchased from Zhenghua chemical industry, and the brand is double-bleaching refined first-grade castor oil; the white oil is Zizibo Zhonglong petrochemical technology Co., Ltd., industrial white oil No. 15;
the preparation method of the additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuumizing the reaction kettle, sequentially adding the vegetable oil and the white oil into the reaction kettle, stirring for 0.7h at the pressure of 0.07MPa and the temperature of 90 ℃, and uniformly mixing;
(2) adding fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, stirring for 2h, stirring uniformly, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the additive.
Example 2
An additive suitable for diesel oil, biological diesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil, the raw materials include, by weight, 60 parts of fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, 6 parts of vegetable oil, 50 parts of white oil;
the fatty acid alkyl ester is a mixture of behenyl palmitate and caprylic decanoate, and the weight ratio of the behenyl palmitate to the caprylic decanoate is 1: 0.5; the vegetable oil is a mixture of palm oil, linseed oil and castor oil, and the weight ratio of the palm oil to the linseed oil to the castor oil is 1: 0.01: 0.1, said palm oil having a saponification value of 187mgKOH/g, said palm oil being commercially available from Guangzhou Runlu chemical Co., Ltd., 44 ° palm oil; the linseed oil can be purchased from natural perfume oil Co., Ltd, Jishui county, Jiyuan Tang, and the brand is JYT; the castor oil can be purchased from Zhenghua chemical industry, and the brand is double-bleaching refined first-grade castor oil; the white oil is Zizibo Zhonglong petrochemical technology Co., Ltd., industrial white oil No. 10;
the preparation method of the additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuumizing the reaction kettle, sequentially adding the vegetable oil and the white oil into the reaction kettle, stirring for 0.5h at the pressure of 0.05MPa and the temperature of 60 ℃, and uniformly mixing;
(2) adding fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, stirring for 1h, stirring uniformly, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the additive.
Example 3
An additive suitable for diesel oil, biological diesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil, the raw materials include, by weight, 100 parts fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, 150 parts vegetable oil, 200 parts white oil;
the fatty acid alkyl ester is a mixture of behenyl palmitate and caprylic decanoate, and the weight ratio of the behenyl palmitate to the caprylic decanoate is 1: 2; the vegetable oil is a mixture of palm oil, linseed oil and castor oil, and the weight ratio of the palm oil to the linseed oil to the castor oil is 1: 0.5: 1, the saponification value of the palm oil is 193mgKOH/g, and the palm oil can be purchased from 58-degree palm oil, guangzhou RunTou chemical Co., Ltd; the linseed oil can be purchased from natural perfume oil Co., Ltd, Jishui county, Jiyuan Tang, and the brand is JYT; the castor oil can be purchased from Zhenghua chemical industry, and the brand is double-bleaching refined first-grade castor oil; the white oil is Zizibo Zhonglong petrochemical technology Co., Ltd., industrial white oil No. 26;
the preparation method of the additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuumizing the reaction kettle, sequentially adding the vegetable oil and the white oil into the reaction kettle, stirring for 1h at the pressure of 0.1MPa and the temperature of 110 ℃, and uniformly mixing;
(2) adding fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, stirring for 3h, stirring uniformly, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the additive.
Example 4
An additive suitable for diesel oil, biological diesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil, the raw materials include, by weight, 80 parts of fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, 40 parts of vegetable oil, 100 parts of white oil;
the fatty acid alkyl ester is a mixture of behenyl palmitate and caprylic decanoate, and the weight ratio of the behenyl palmitate to the caprylic decanoate is 1: 1; the vegetable oil is a mixture of palm oil, linseed oil and castor oil, and the weight ratio of the palm oil to the linseed oil to the castor oil is 1: 0.1: 0.4, the saponification value of the palm oil is 189mgKOH/g, and the palm oil can be purchased from Guangzhou Runli chemical Co., Ltd., 52-degree palm oil; the linseed oil can be purchased from natural perfume oil Co., Ltd, Jishui county, Jiyuan Tang, and the brand is JYT; the castor oil can be purchased from Zhenghua chemical industry, and the brand is double-bleaching refined first-grade castor oil; the white oil is Zizibo Zhonglong petrochemical technology Co., Ltd, industrial white oil No. 32;
the preparation method of the additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuumizing the reaction kettle, sequentially adding the vegetable oil and the white oil into the reaction kettle, stirring for 0.6h at the pressure of 0.06MPa and the temperature of 80 ℃, and uniformly mixing;
(2) adding fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, stirring for 1.5h, stirring uniformly, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the additive.
Example 5
An additive suitable for diesel oil, biological diesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil, the raw materials include, by weight, 90 parts fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, 90 parts vegetable oil, 150 parts white oil;
the fatty acid alkyl ester is a mixture of behenyl palmitate and caprylic decanoate, and the weight ratio of the behenyl palmitate to the caprylic decanoate is 1: 1.5; the vegetable oil is a mixture of palm oil, soybean oil and castor oil, and the weight ratio of the palm oil to the soybean oil to the castor oil is 1: 0.4: 0.8, the saponification value of the palm oil is 189mgKOH/g, and the palm oil can be purchased from Guangzhou Runli chemical Co., Ltd., 52-degree palm oil; the castor oil can be purchased from Zhenghua chemical industry, and the brand is double-bleaching refined first-grade castor oil; the white oil is Zizibo Zhonglong petrochemical technology Co., Ltd., industrial white oil No. 15;
the preparation method of the additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuumizing the reaction kettle, sequentially adding the vegetable oil and the white oil into the reaction kettle, stirring for 0.8h at the pressure of 0.09MPa and the temperature of 100 ℃, and uniformly mixing;
(2) adding fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, stirring for 2.5h, stirring uniformly, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the additive.
Example 6
An additive suitable for diesel oil, biological diesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil, the raw materials include, by weight, 85 parts of fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, 68 parts of vegetable oil, 120 parts of white oil;
the fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester is behenyl palmitate; the vegetable oil is a mixture of palm oil, linseed oil and castor oil, and the weight ratio of the palm oil to the linseed oil to the castor oil is 1: 0.2: 0.6, the saponification value of the palm oil is 189mgKOH/g, and the palm oil can be purchased from Guangzhou Runli chemical Co., Ltd., 52-degree palm oil; the linseed oil can be purchased from natural perfume oil Co., Ltd, Jishui county, Jiyuan Tang, and the brand is JYT; the castor oil can be purchased from Zhenghua chemical industry, and the brand is double-bleaching refined first-grade castor oil; the white oil is Zizibo Zhonglong petrochemical technology Co., Ltd., industrial white oil No. 15;
the preparation method of the additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuumizing the reaction kettle, sequentially adding the vegetable oil and the white oil into the reaction kettle, stirring for 0.7h at the pressure of 0.07MPa and the temperature of 90 ℃, and uniformly mixing;
(2) adding fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, stirring for 2h, stirring uniformly, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the additive.
Example 7
An additive suitable for diesel oil, biological diesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil, the raw materials include, by weight, 85 parts of fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, 68 parts of vegetable oil, 120 parts of white oil;
the fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester is caprylic decanoate; the vegetable oil is a mixture of palm oil, linseed oil and castor oil, and the weight ratio of the palm oil to the linseed oil to the castor oil is 1: 0.2: 0.6, the saponification value of the palm oil is 189mgKOH/g, and the palm oil can be purchased from Guangzhou Runli chemical Co., Ltd., 52-degree palm oil; the linseed oil can be purchased from natural perfume oil Co., Ltd, Jishui county, Jiyuan Tang, and the brand is JYT; the castor oil can be purchased from Zhenghua chemical industry, and the brand is double-bleaching refined first-grade castor oil; the white oil is Zizibo Zhonglong petrochemical technology Co., Ltd., industrial white oil No. 15;
the preparation method of the additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuumizing the reaction kettle, sequentially adding the vegetable oil and the white oil into the reaction kettle, stirring for 0.7h at the pressure of 0.07MPa and the temperature of 90 ℃, and uniformly mixing;
(2) adding fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, stirring for 2h, stirring uniformly, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the additive.
Example 8
An additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil comprises, by weight, 85 parts of fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, 68 parts of vegetable oil and 120 parts of white oil;
the fatty acid alkyl ester is a mixture of behenyl palmitate and caprylic decanoate, and the weight ratio of the behenyl palmitate to the caprylic decanoate is 1: 0.1; the vegetable oil is a mixture of palm oil, linseed oil and castor oil, and the weight ratio of the palm oil to the linseed oil to the castor oil is 1: 0.2: 0.6, the saponification value of the palm oil is 189mgKOH/g, and the palm oil can be purchased from Guangzhou Runli chemical Co., Ltd., 52-degree palm oil; the linseed oil can be purchased from natural perfume oil Co., Ltd, Jishui county, Jiyuan Tang, and the brand is JYT; the castor oil can be purchased from Zhenghua chemical industry, and the brand is double-bleaching refined first-grade castor oil; the white oil is Zizibo Zhonglong petrochemical technology Co., Ltd., industrial white oil No. 15;
the preparation method of the additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuumizing the reaction kettle, sequentially adding the vegetable oil and the white oil into the reaction kettle, stirring for 0.7h at the pressure of 0.07MPa and the temperature of 90 ℃, and uniformly mixing;
(2) adding fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, stirring for 2h, stirring uniformly, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the additive.
Example 9
An additive suitable for diesel oil, biological diesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil, the raw materials include, by weight, 85 parts of fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, 68 parts of vegetable oil, 120 parts of white oil;
the fatty acid alkyl ester is a mixture of behenyl palmitate and caprylic decanoate, and the weight ratio of the behenyl palmitate to the caprylic decanoate is 1: 5; the vegetable oil is a mixture of palm oil, linseed oil and castor oil, and the weight ratio of the palm oil to the linseed oil to the castor oil is 1: 0.2: 0.6, the saponification value of the palm oil is 189mgKOH/g, and the palm oil can be purchased from Guangzhou Runli chemical Co., Ltd., 52-degree palm oil; the linseed oil can be purchased from natural perfume oil Co., Ltd, Jishui county, Jiyuan Tang, and the brand is JYT; the castor oil can be purchased from Zhenghua chemical industry, and the brand is double-bleaching refined first-grade castor oil; the white oil is Zizibo Zhonglong petrochemical technology Co., Ltd., industrial white oil No. 15;
the preparation method of the additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuumizing the reaction kettle, sequentially adding the vegetable oil and the white oil into the reaction kettle, stirring for 0.7h at the pressure of 0.07MPa and the temperature of 90 ℃, and uniformly mixing;
(2) adding fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, stirring for 2h, stirring uniformly, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the additive.
Example 10
An additive suitable for diesel oil, biological diesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil, the raw materials include, by weight, 85 parts of fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, 68 parts of vegetable oil, 120 parts of white oil;
the fatty acid alkyl ester is a mixture of behenyl palmitate and caprylic decanoate, and the weight ratio of the behenyl palmitate to the caprylic decanoate is 1: 1.3; the vegetable oil is a mixture of palm oil and linseed oil, and the weight ratio of the palm oil to the linseed oil is 1: 0.8, the saponification value of the palm oil is 189mgKOH/g, and the palm oil can be purchased from Guangzhou Runli chemical Co., Ltd., 52-degree palm oil; the linseed oil can be purchased from natural perfume oil Co., Ltd, Jishui county, Jiyuan Tang, and the brand is JYT; the castor oil can be purchased from Zhenghua chemical industry, and the brand is double-bleaching refined first-grade castor oil; the white oil is Zizibo Zhonglong petrochemical technology Co., Ltd., industrial white oil No. 15;
the preparation method of the additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuumizing the reaction kettle, sequentially adding the vegetable oil and the white oil into the reaction kettle, stirring for 0.7h at 90 ℃ under the pressure of 0.07MPa, and uniformly mixing;
(2) adding fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, stirring for 2h, stirring uniformly, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the additive.
Example 11
An additive suitable for diesel oil, biological diesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil, the raw materials include, by weight, 85 parts of fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, 68 parts of vegetable oil, 120 parts of white oil;
the fatty acid alkyl ester is a mixture of behenyl palmitate and caprylic decanoate, and the weight ratio of the behenyl palmitate to the caprylic decanoate is 1: 1.3; the vegetable oil is a mixture of palm oil and castor oil, and the weight ratio of the palm oil to the castor oil is 1: 0.8, the saponification value of the palm oil is 189mgKOH/g, and the palm oil can be purchased from Guangzhou Runli chemical Co., Ltd., 52-degree palm oil; the linseed oil can be purchased from natural perfume oil Co., Ltd, Jishui county, Jiyuan Tang, and the brand is JYT; the castor oil can be purchased from Zhenghua chemical industry, and the brand is double-bleaching refined first-grade castor oil; the white oil is Zizibo Zhonglong petrochemical technology Co., Ltd., industrial white oil No. 15;
the preparation method of the additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuumizing the reaction kettle, sequentially adding the vegetable oil and the white oil into the reaction kettle, stirring for 0.7h at 90 ℃ under the pressure of 0.07MPa, and uniformly mixing;
(2) adding fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, stirring for 2h, stirring uniformly, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the additive.
Example 12
An additive suitable for diesel oil, biological diesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil, the raw materials include, by weight, 85 parts of fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, 68 parts of vegetable oil, 120 parts of white oil;
the fatty acid alkyl ester is a mixture of behenyl palmitate and caprylic decanoate, and the weight ratio of the behenyl palmitate to the caprylic decanoate is 1: 1.3; the vegetable oil is a mixture of palm oil, linseed oil and castor oil, and the weight ratio of the palm oil to the linseed oil to the castor oil is 1: 0.2: 0.6, said palm oil having a saponification value of 180mgKOH/g, said palm oil being commercially available from Guangzhou Runlu chemical Co., Ltd., 24 degree palm oil; the linseed oil can be purchased from natural perfume oil Co., Ltd, Jishui county, Jiyuan Tang, and the brand is JYT; the castor oil can be purchased from Zhenghua chemical industry, and the brand is double-bleaching refined first-grade castor oil; the white oil is Zizibo Zhonglong petrochemical technology Co., Ltd., industrial white oil No. 15;
the preparation method of the additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuumizing the reaction kettle, sequentially adding the vegetable oil and the white oil into the reaction kettle, stirring for 0.7h at 90 ℃ under the pressure of 0.07MPa, and uniformly mixing;
(2) adding fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, stirring for 2h, stirring uniformly, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the additive.
Example 13
An additive suitable for diesel oil, biological diesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil, the raw materials include, by weight, 85 parts of fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, 68 parts of vegetable oil, 120 parts of white oil;
the fatty acid alkyl ester is a mixture of tetradecyl octadecanoate and octyl octadecanoate, and the weight ratio of the tetradecyl octadecanoate to the octyl octadecanoate is 1: 1.3, the CAS number of the tetradecanol octadecanoic acid ester is 17661-50-6, and the CAS number of the octyl octadecanoate is 109-36-4; the vegetable oil is a mixture of palm oil, linseed oil and castor oil, and the weight ratio of the palm oil to the linseed oil to the castor oil is 1: 0.2: 0.6, the saponification value of the palm oil is 189mgKOH/g, and the palm oil can be purchased from Guangzhou Runli chemical Co., Ltd., 52-degree palm oil; the linseed oil can be purchased from natural perfume oil Co., Ltd, Jishui county, Jiyuan Tang, and the brand is JYT; the castor oil can be purchased from Zhenghua chemical industry, and the brand is double-bleaching refined first-grade castor oil; the white oil is Zizibo Zhonglong petrochemical technology Co., Ltd., industrial white oil No. 15;
the preparation method of the additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuumizing the reaction kettle, sequentially adding the vegetable oil and the white oil into the reaction kettle, stirring for 0.7h at the pressure of 0.07MPa and the temperature of 90 ℃, and uniformly mixing;
(2) adding fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, stirring for 2h, stirring uniformly, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the additive.
Example 14
An additive suitable for diesel oil, biological diesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil, the raw materials include, by weight, 85 parts of fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, 68 parts of vegetable oil, 120 parts of white oil;
the fatty acid alkyl ester is a mixture of behenyl palmitate and caprylic decanoate, and the weight ratio of the behenyl palmitate to the caprylic decanoate is 1: 1.3; the vegetable oil is a mixture of palm oil, linseed oil and castor oil, and the weight ratio of the palm oil to the linseed oil to the castor oil is 1: 0.2: 0.6, the saponification value of the palm oil is 189mgKOH/g, and the palm oil can be purchased from Guangzhou Runli chemical Co., Ltd., 52-degree palm oil; the linseed oil can be purchased from natural perfume oil Co., Ltd, Jishui county, Jiyuan Tang, and the brand is JYT; the castor oil can be purchased from Zhenghua chemical industry, and the brand is double-bleaching refined first-grade castor oil; the white oil is Zizibo Zhonglong petrochemical technology Co., Ltd., industrial white oil No. 15;
the preparation method of the additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuumizing the reaction kettle, sequentially adding the vegetable oil and the white oil into the reaction kettle, stirring for 0.7h at the pressure of 0.07MPa and the temperature of 90 ℃, and uniformly mixing;
(2) adding fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, stirring for 2h, stirring uniformly, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the additive.
Example 15
An additive suitable for diesel oil, biological diesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil, the raw materials include, by weight, 85 parts of fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, 68 parts of vegetable oil, 120 parts of white oil;
the fatty acid alkyl ester is a mixture of behenyl palmitate and caprylic decanoate, and the weight ratio of the behenyl palmitate to the caprylic decanoate is 1: 1.3; the vegetable oil is a mixture of palm oil, linseed oil and castor oil, and the weight ratio of the palm oil to the linseed oil to the castor oil is 1: 0.2: 0.6, the saponification value of the palm oil is 189mgKOH/g, and the palm oil can be purchased from Guangzhou Runli chemical Co., Ltd., 52-degree palm oil; the linseed oil can be purchased from natural perfume oil Co., Ltd, Jishui county, Jiyuan Tang, and the brand is JYT; the castor oil can be purchased from Zhenghua chemical industry, and the brand is double-bleaching refined first-grade castor oil; the white oil is 46# industrial white oil from Zibozhonglong petrochemical technology Co., Ltd;
the preparation method of the additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuumizing the reaction kettle, sequentially adding the vegetable oil and the white oil into the reaction kettle, stirring for 0.7h at the pressure of 0.07MPa and the temperature of 90 ℃, and uniformly mixing;
(2) adding fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, stirring for 2h, stirring uniformly, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the additive.
Example 16
An additive suitable for diesel oil, biological diesel oil, heavy oil and fuel oil, the raw materials include, by weight, 85 parts of fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, 68 parts of vegetable oil, 120 parts of white oil;
the fatty acid alkyl ester is a mixture of behenyl palmitate and caprylic decanoate, and the weight ratio of the behenyl palmitate to the caprylic decanoate is 1: 1.3; the vegetable oil is a mixture of peanut oil, linseed oil and castor oil, and the weight ratio of the peanut oil to the linseed oil to the castor oil is 1: 0.2: 0.6, the palm oil is available from Guangzhou Runlu chemical Co., Ltd, 52 degrees palm oil; the linseed oil can be purchased from natural perfume oil Co., Ltd, Jishui county, Jiyuan Tang, and the brand is JYT; the castor oil can be purchased from Zhenghua chemical industry, and the brand is double-bleaching refined first-grade castor oil; the white oil is Zizibo Zhonglong petrochemical technology Co., Ltd., industrial white oil No. 15;
the preparation method of the additive suitable for diesel oil, biodiesel, heavy oil and fuel oil comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuumizing the reaction kettle, sequentially adding the vegetable oil and the white oil into the reaction kettle, stirring for 0.7h at the pressure of 0.07MPa and the temperature of 90 ℃, and uniformly mixing;
(2) adding fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, stirring for 2h, stirring uniformly, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the additive.
Performance testing
1. Road driving oil consumption experiment
The fuel saving effect of the additives prepared in examples 1 to 16 of the present invention was verified by using the additives prepared in examples 1 to 16 as test objects 1 to 16. In order to ensure the universality of the driving test result, the Dongfeng brand DFL1160BX7 is used as a test vehicle in the test, the vehicle can run on the same road section frequently for many times, and the weight ratio of the additive adding amount to the diesel oil is respectively 1: 20000. 1: 27000. 1: 35000; calculating the oil saving rate according to GB/T14951-2007 method for evaluating automobile oil saving technology; the cetane number of the diesel fuel is determined according to the method EN ISO 5165, and the engine power is determined according to GB/T6072.1.
The results of the fuel economy test and the cetane number test are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 results of tests on fuel economy, engine power and cetane number of vehicles using different proportions of additives
2. Tail gas emission test experiment:
the additive of the invention is subjected to an exhaust emission detection test on the vehicle with the Dongfeng brand DFL1160BX 7. The vehicle was tested using the additives prepared in examples 1 to 16 of the present invention in sequence, and the ratio of the additive amount to the diesel fuel weight was 1: 20000. 1: 27000. 1: 35000; in each test, under the condition that the emission is stable after the vehicle runs for 50 kilometers, the tail gas detector is used for detecting the tail gas and detecting CO and CO of the test vehicle2HC, NOx, smoke values, PM emission reduction rates; measuring the smoke intensity of the tail gas of the vehicle by using a full-automatic smoke intensity meter; and the reduction rate was calculated, and the test results are shown in tables 2 and 3.
The test method comprises the following steps: CO, CO2The HC and NOx test method is GB18285, the smoke value test method is GB/T9487, and the PM test method is GB/T17691.
TABLE 2 CO, CO of test vehicles2HC, NOx reduction Rate emissions test results
Table 3 particulate matter PM and smoke reduction test results for test vehicles
The foregoing examples are illustrative only, and serve to explain some of the features of the present disclosure. The appended claims are intended to claim as broad a scope as is contemplated, and the examples presented herein are merely illustrative of selected implementations in accordance with all possible combinations of examples. Accordingly, it is applicants' intention that the appended claims are not to be limited by the choice of examples illustrating features of the invention. And that advances in science and technology will result in possible equivalents or sub-substitutes not currently contemplated for reasons of inaccuracy in language representation, and such changes should also be construed where possible to be covered by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. An additive suitable for diesel oil and fuel oil, wherein suitable for the internal-combustion engine of the car, internal-combustion engine of the ship, boiler field, by weight, the raw materials comprise 6-150 parts of vegetable oil and 60-100 parts of fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester at least;
the vegetable oil is a mixture of palm oil, linseed oil and castor oil, and the weight ratio of the palm oil to the linseed oil to the castor oil is 1: (0.01-0.5): (0.1-1);
the saponification value of the palm oil is 187-193 mgKOH/g;
the total number of carbon atoms in the fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester is not more than 38;
the raw materials also comprise 50-200 parts of white oil; the white oil has a kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ of 9-35.2m2/s。
2. The additive for diesel and fuel oil as set forth in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of said fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester to said vegetable oil is 1: (0.1-1.5).
3. The additive for diesel and fuel oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of palm oil, linseed oil and castor oil is 1: (0.1-0.4): (0.4-0.8).
4. The method for using the additive for diesel and fuel oil as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the weight ratio of the additive to the fuel oil is 1: (20000 35000), and the fuel oil is diesel oil or fuel oil.
5. A process for the preparation of additives for diesel and fuel oils according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that the steps comprise at least:
(1) sequentially adding vegetable oil and white oil into a reaction kettle, and uniformly mixing; (2) adding fatty acid alkyl alcohol ester, stirring uniformly, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the additive of any one of claims 1-3.
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| CN109207212A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-15 | 卢宝良 | Environment-friendly combustion-supporting diesel additive and preparation method thereof |
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