CN109746314B - An adjustable discrete roll forming machine - Google Patents

Abstract

An adjustable discrete roller rolling forming machine belongs to the field of mechanical engineering. The discrete roller rolling forming machine consists of four parts, namely a transmission mechanism, a shape adjusting mechanism, a clamping mechanism and a guide mechanism. The transmission mechanism consists of two transmission lines, the vertical movement and the left-right movement of the shape adjusting mechanism are respectively realized, the two lines are not interfered with each other, and the accuracy of the position of the shape adjusting unit is ensured. The shape adjusting mechanism realizes the ascending or descending of the shape adjusting unit through the rotation of the lead screw so as to disperse the rigid roller to form different curvatures, and then the cooperation of the bevel gear set and the worm realizes the roll forming of the rigid roller to form curved surface pieces with different curvatures. The clamping mechanism clamps the plate by using the clamp, realizes the follow-up function of the clamp by controlling the motion of the electric telescopic rod through the PLC, is beneficial to rolling of the rigid roller, and enables the plate to be more easily attached to the molded surface of the flexible mold for forming. The guide mechanism utilizes the distance that two guide rods can be adjusted to the roll adjustment lead screw, and the guide rod realizes its height-adjustable's function through the external screw thread characteristic of self, and guide mechanism adopts the guide of contact friction's form back panel of processing, prevents that the panel after the processing from taking place great resilience phenomenon when keeping away from the rigid roll. The invention has simple structure and high efficiency, and is suitable for forming three-dimensional curved surface pieces with different shapes.

Description

An adjustable discrete roll forming machine

technical field

The adjustable discrete roll forming machine is an efficient and flexible sheet forming device, which belongs to the field of mechanical engineering, and can realize flexible forming of three-dimensional curved parts of different shapes.

Background technique

In modern industry, metal three-dimensional surface parts are widely used in automobile, shipbuilding, aerospace, chemical industry, urban construction and many other industries. The automobile industry requires a large number of three-dimensional curved parts. This mass production mode mainly adopts mold forming. For single-piece or small batch production modes such as shipbuilding, aerospace, etc., it is not suitable to use mold forming, and flexible forming technology and equipment are required to meet the requirements. its industry needs. The invention proposes a technology of using adjustable discrete rollers to realize continuous rolling forming of three-dimensional curved surface parts. It can realize the three-dimensional surface roll forming of the plate by its own rotating motion; when it is necessary to form a curved part of another shape, it only needs to readjust the distribution form and bending curvature of the work roll, which provides a high-efficiency, high-efficiency, high-efficiency, Low-cost, flexible new technologies have broad application prospects in industries such as aviation, chemical industry, shipbuilding and urban construction.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a device for realizing flexible sheet metal forming using multi-roller rolling forming technology, the purpose of which is to replace the traditional die forming technology, and use multiple discrete rigid rolls to roll sheet material to realize three-dimensional shapes of various shapes. High efficiency, low cost and flexible forming of curved parts.

The above-mentioned purpose of the adjustable discrete roller rolling forming machine of the present invention is achieved in this way, which is described as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

The adjustable discrete roller rolling forming machine is provided with an inner thread matched with the lead screw at the upper end of the shape-adjusting unit, and the height of the shape-adjusting unit is adjusted by the action of the lead screw, so as to realize the change of different curvatures. There is a rigid roller at the bottom of the shape-adjusting unit that can rotate freely between -30° and 30°, which is used to adapt to the processing of plates with different curvatures.

The transmission mechanism of the adjustable discrete roller rolling forming machine is composed of two transmission routes, which respectively realize the up-and-down movement and the left-right movement of the shape-adjusting mechanism. The first power transmission route is that the motor transmits the power to the transmission shaft through the bevel gear set 1, and the transmission shaft transmits the power to the bevel gear set 2, and the bevel gear set 2 drives the vertical screw to rotate to realize the up and down movement of the entire shape adjustment mechanism. . The second power transmission route is that the servo motor drives the slide gears mounted on the gearbox to cooperate with the racks mounted on the pallet with rolling slides to realize the left and right movement of the entire shape adjustment mechanism.

The shape-adjusting mechanism of the adjustable discrete roller rolling forming machine is designed in a "T" shape, which is composed of a bevel gear set, a worm, a rigid roller, a lead screw, a transmission shaft, a sliding shaft and a hollow shaft. The shape adjustment mechanism realizes the rise or fall of the shape adjustment unit through the rotation of the screw so that the discrete rigid rollers can form different curvatures, and then the rigid rollers are rolled to form curved surfaces with different curvatures through the cooperation of the bevel gear set and the worm.

The clamping mechanism of the adjustable discrete roller rolling forming machine is composed of an electric telescopic rod, a lifting nut, a pressure sensor, a clamp and a motor. The two ends of the plate are clamped with clamps to fix the position, and the shape adjustment mechanism maintains the existing curvature of the discrete rigid roller through the action of the lead screw and falls as a whole until the rigid roller contacts the plate and exerts a certain pressure, and then the slideway The gear drives the entire shape adjustment mechanism to move left and right, and the plate is attached to the flexible mold surface through the rolling of the rigid roller to realize the follow-up function of the clamp. The whole process is collected by PLC and controls the servo motor to ensure the precise position of each action unit.

The guide mechanism of the adjustable discrete roller rolling forming machine is symmetrically distributed, and the guide rod realizes its height adjustable function through its own external thread feature. The front end is attached to the surface of the processed plate, and the front end of the guide bar is provided with a soft material to prevent scratches on the surface of the processed plate. The processed sheet is guided in the form of contact friction to prevent the processed sheet from having a large rebound phenomenon when it is away from the rigid roller.

The invention proposes to use a discrete rigid roll with smooth surface and high hardness as a forming tool to realize continuous forming of three-dimensional curved parts, which can meet the efficient and rapid manufacture of three-dimensional curved parts of various varieties and small batches. The roll forming technology using adjustable discrete rigid rollers in the production of three-dimensional curved parts will create huge economic benefits for sheet metal parts manufacturers by saving molds and their processing and manufacturing costs, saving equipment investment and plant costs, and reducing production costs. and social benefits.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an adjustable discrete roll roll forming machine.

Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural view of an adjustable discrete roll roll former.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the shape adjustment mechanism of the adjustable discrete roll forming machine.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism of the adjustable discrete roll forming machine.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the guiding mechanism of the adjustable discrete roll forming machine.

Detailed ways

The specific content and working process of the adjustable discrete roll forming machine of the patent of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the adjustable discrete roll forming machine, which is mainly composed of a transmission mechanism, a shape-adjusting mechanism, a clamping mechanism and a guiding mechanism. The transmission mechanism is composed of two transmission routes, the first transmission route is that the motor (18) transmits the power to the transmission shaft (20) through the bevel gear group one (19), and the transmission shaft (20) transmits the power to the transmission shaft (20). The second bevel gear group (17) drives the vertical screw (13) to rotate to realize the up and down movement of the entire shape adjustment mechanism; the second transmission route is driven by the servo motor and installed on the gear box (21) The slideway gear (1) moves on a pallet with rolling slideways, and the rolling slideway (16) is designed in the form of gear rack transmission to realize the left and right movement of the entire shape adjusting mechanism. The upper end of the shape-adjusting mechanism is provided with an inner thread matched with the lead screw (105), and the height of the shape-adjusting unit is adjusted by the action of the lead screw (105), thereby realizing the change of different curvatures. The bottom of the shape-adjusting unit is provided with a rigid roller (102) that can freely rotate between -30° and 30°, so as to adapt to the processing of plates with different curvatures. The clamping mechanism is composed of a motor (216), a clamp body (201), a spherical pull rod (217), and a linear push rod (215). The horizontal hinge support (218) of the mechanism is clamped on the entire clamp body (201) through the spherical pull rod (217), and the lower inclined block (204) embedded in the clamp body (201) is connected to the clamping material through the spring (206). The block (205) is integrated together, and the upper side is integrated with a fixed plate (207), a spring stopper (208) and a pressure rod connected to the vertical inclined iron (210) through a set of springs (212). The plate (211) closes the entire clamp body (201), and the horizontal inclined iron (213) is connected with the motor (216) through the linear push rod (215), which not only realizes the restraint with the vertical inclined iron (210), but also prevents the two inclined irons (210). The restraint of iron realizes buffering, and finally the encapsulation of the entire clamping mechanism is realized by the outer hexagon screw (214). The guiding mechanism is designed at the front end of the whole, and the guiding mechanisms are symmetrically distributed. The distance between the two guiding rods (305) can be adjusted by using the lead screw (303). The plate no longer exhibits the characteristics of a flexible body, and a soft material is provided at the front end of the guide rod (305) to prevent scratches on the surface of the processed plate.

Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural view of an adjustable discrete roll roll former. In the transmission mechanism, the motor (18) is fixed on the motor support plate (22) by the fastening baffles and the fastening bolts, and the motor (18) transmits the power to the transmission shaft (20) through the first bevel gear group (19). , the transmission shaft (20) transmits the power to the second bevel gear group (17), and the second bevel gear group (17) drives the vertical screw (13) to rotate to realize the up and down movement of the entire shape adjustment unit. The rolling slideway (16) is designed as a transmission form of gears and racks, the rack is fixed on the pallet with the rolling slideway (16) by fastening screws, and the slideway gear (1) is mounted on the gear box (20). ), the servo motor drives the entire gear box (20) to move by driving the slide gear (1) to roll on the rack, and the edge of the gear box (20) is provided with a wedge-shaped guide rail that cooperates with the pallet to ensure that the The entire gear box (20) has only one moving pair, so as to realize the left and right movement of the entire shape adjusting unit.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the shape adjustment mechanism of the adjustable discrete roll forming machine. The mechanism is designed in the shape of "T" and consists of a bevel gear set (101), a worm (103), a rigid roller (102), a lead screw (105), a transmission shaft (107), a sliding shaft (109), a hollow shaft ( 108) composition. The lead screw (105) cooperates with the inner threaded hole through the lead key (106), and the motor drives the lead screw (105) to rotate to adjust the rise or fall of the shape-adjusting unit to realize the change of different curvatures of the discrete rigid rollers. One end of the sliding shaft (109) is connected with the bevel gear (101), the other bevel gear (101) is connected with the worm (103), the bevel gears (101) are meshed with each other, and the middle of the rigid roller (102) is designed in the form of a worm gear, The bevel gear set (101) transmits power to the worm (103) to drive the worm gear to realize the rotation and continuous torque of the rigid roller (102). The sliding shaft (109) is installed in the hollow shaft (108), the rotation of the bevel gear (101) drives the sliding shaft (109) to move up and down, and the power output is realized through the transmission shaft (107), so as to ensure that there is still a certain amount of rotation in the process of shape adjustment. moment.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism of the adjustable discrete roll forming machine. The horizontal hinge support (218) of the mechanism is clamped on the entire clamp body (201) through the spherical pull rod (217), and the vertical hinge support (202) is directly fixed to the lower part of the clamp body (201) and embedded in the clamp body (201). The downward inclined block (204) in 201) is integrated with the clamping block (205) through the spring (206), and the upper side integrated with the fixing plate (207), the spring stopper (208) and the pressure rod pass through a The group spring (212) is connected with the vertical inclined iron (210), the top cover plate (211) closes the entire clamp body (201), and the horizontal inclined iron (213) is connected to the DC gear motor (216) through the linear push rod (215) ) connection, which not only realizes the constraint with the vertical inclined iron (210), but also realizes buffering for the constraint of the two inclined irons, and finally realizes the assembly of the entire clamping mechanism by the outer hexagon screw (214). The clamping mechanism clamps the two ends of the plate to fix the position, the shape adjustment mechanism maintains the existing curvature of the discrete roller (102) through the action of the lead screw (105), and the motor (18) transmits the power to the bevel gear group 1 (19). The transmission shaft (20) transmits the power to the second bevel gear group (17), and the second bevel gear group (17) drives the vertical screw (13) to rotate to realize the falling of the entire shape-adjusting unit until the rigid roller (102) Contact the plate and apply a certain pressure, and then the slide gear (1) rolls on the rack, thereby driving the entire gear box (20) to move, so as to realize the left and right movement of the entire shape-adjusting unit, through the rigid roller (102) ) rolling to make the plate stick to the profile surface of the flexible mold (7) to realize the forming of the three-dimensional thin plate.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the guiding mechanism of the adjustable discrete roll forming machine. The mechanism is symmetrically distributed and consists of a gear box (302), a pitch-adjusting lead screw (303), a wrench (304), a guide rod (305), and a positioning block (306). A positioning block (306) is installed on the pitch adjusting screw (303) for positioning, the positioning block (306) is fixedly connected with the gear box (302), and the left pitch adjusting screw (303) of the positioning block (306) rotates in the Left-handed, the pitch-adjusting lead screw (303) on the right side of the positioning block (306) rotates to the right. By pulling the wrench (304), the two guide rods (305) move together or separate to realize the guide rod (305) distance adjustment function. The height of the guide rod (305) has an adjustable function, one end of the guide rod (305) is designed to have an external thread form, and the adjustment function can be achieved only by rotating the guide rod (305).

The contents described in the above drawings should be understood as exemplary, and the present invention is not limited by these examples. Although the description provides exemplary examples of the transmission mechanism, the shape-adjusting mechanism, the clamping mechanism and the guiding mechanism, those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent replacements on the basis of the present invention, and freely according to actual needs Select other shape-adjusting mechanisms and their transmission forms, etc. Obviously, these modifications or equivalent substitutions should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. An adjustable discrete roller rolling forming machine comprises a transmission mechanism, a shape adjusting mechanism, a clamping mechanism and a guide mechanism, and is characterized in that the transmission mechanism fixes a motor (18) on a motor supporting plate (22) by a fastening baffle sheet matched with a fastening bolt, the motor (18) transmits power to a transmission shaft (20) through a bevel gear set I (19), the transmission shaft (20) transmits the power to a bevel gear set II (17), the bevel gear set II (17) drives a vertical screw rod (13) to rotate, so that the up-and-down motion of the whole shape adjusting mechanism is realized, a rolling slideway (16) is designed into a transmission form of a gear and a rack, the rack is fixed on the supporting plate, a slideway gear (1) is arranged on a gear box (21), and moves on the supporting plate with the rolling slideway (16) by the driving of a servo motor, so that the left-and right motion of the whole shape adjusting; the shape adjusting mechanism is designed into a T-shaped shape and comprises a bevel gear (101), a worm (103), a rigid roller (102), a lead screw (105), a transmission shaft (107), a sliding shaft (109) and a hollow shaft (108), wherein the lead screw (105) is matched with an internal threaded hole, a motor drives the lead screw (105) to rotate to adjust the shape adjusting unit to ascend or descend so as to realize the change of different curvatures of the discrete rigid roller, one end of the sliding shaft (109) is connected with the bevel gear (101), the bevel gear (101) is connected with the worm (103), the transmission shaft (107) drives the sliding shaft (109) to transmit power to the worm (103) through mutual meshing between the bevel gears (101), the middle of the rigid roller (102) is designed into a worm gear form, and the worm (103) drives a worm gear to realize the autorotation and continuous torque of the rigid roller (102; the sliding shaft (109) is arranged in the hollow shaft (108), the clamping mechanism consists of an electric telescopic rod (6), a lifting nut, a pressure sensor, a clamp (12) and a motor, a horizontal hinged support (218) is clamped on the whole clamp body (201) through a spherical pull rod (217), a vertical hinged support (202) is directly fixed at the lower part of the clamp body (201), a lower inclined block (204) embedded in the clamp body (201) is integrated with a clamp block (205) through a spring (206), a fixing plate (207), a spring catch (208) and a pressure rod which are integrated together at the upper side are connected with a vertical inclined iron (210) through a group of springs (212), a top end cover plate (211) seals the whole clamp body (201), and a horizontal inclined iron (213) is connected with a direct current speed reduction motor (216) through a linear push rod (215), thereby realizing the restraint with the vertical inclined iron (210) and the cushioning of the restraint of the two inclined irons, finally, the whole clamping mechanism is assembled by an outer hexagon screw (214); the guiding mechanisms are symmetrically distributed, a positioning block (306) is installed on a distance adjusting screw rod (303) for positioning, the positioning block (306) is fixedly connected with a gear box (302), the turning direction of the distance adjusting screw rod (303) on the left side of the positioning block (306) is left-handed, the turning direction of the distance adjusting screw rod (303) on the right side of the positioning block (306) is right-handed, two guiding rods (305) are folded or separated by pulling a wrench (304), the distance adjusting function of the guiding rods (305) is realized, the height of the guiding rods (305) has an adjustable function, one end of each guiding rod (305) is designed to be in an external thread form, and the height adjusting function can be realized only by rotating the guiding rods (305);

guide mechanism by gear box (302), roll adjustment lead screw (303), spanner (304), guide stick (305), locating piece (306) are constituteed, its height-adjustable's function is realized through the external screw thread characteristic of self to guide stick (305), utilize roll adjustment lead screw (303) can adjust the distance of two guide sticks, guide stick front end pastes on the panel surface of processing completion, make panel no longer present the characteristic of flexible body, be equipped with soft material at the front end of guide stick, prevent to cause the mar to processed panel surface, guide mechanism adopts the guide of contact frictional form back panel of processing, prevent that the panel after the processing from taking place great resilience phenomenon when keeping away from rigid roll (102).

2. The adjustable discrete roller rolling forming machine according to claim 1, wherein the clamping mechanism clamps two ends of the plate for fixing the position, the shape adjusting mechanism integrally falls down while keeping the existing curvature of the rigid roller (102) through the action of the lead screw (105) until the rigid roller (102) contacts the plate and applies a certain pressure, the whole shape adjusting mechanism is driven by the slideway gear (1) to move, the plate is attached to the profile of the flexible die (7) through the rolling of the rigid roller (102), the forming of the three-dimensional thin plate is realized, and the whole process is subjected to signal acquisition by the PLC and controls the servo motor to ensure the accuracy of the position of each action unit.

3. The adjustable discrete roller rolling shaper as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power of the shape adjusting mechanism is divided into two transmission paths, wherein the two transmission paths are respectively the up-and-down movement of the shape adjusting unit realized by the lead screw (105) and the rotation of the rigid roller (102) realized by the worm (103), and the two power transmission paths are not affected with each other, thereby ensuring the working accuracy of the shape adjusting mechanism and meeting the processing requirements of workpieces with different curvatures.

4. The adjustable discrete roller press-forming machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein said holding mechanism holds the plate by a gripper (12), three motors arranged in a right triangle control lifting nuts on three transmission lines by the action of a telescopic rod (6), the lifting nuts are connected with the connecting base of the gripper, and the PLC receives the values returned by each sensor at any time during the stretching process and calculates the values, thereby realizing the follow-up function of the gripper mechanism.

Images