CN109739013B - Off-axis three-mirror optical system with large focal ratio and wide field of view with real entrance pupil - Google Patents
Off-axis three-mirror optical system with large focal ratio and wide field of view with real entrance pupil Download PDFInfo
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- CN109739013B CN109739013B CN201811587784.7A CN201811587784A CN109739013B CN 109739013 B CN109739013 B CN 109739013B CN 201811587784 A CN201811587784 A CN 201811587784A CN 109739013 B CN109739013 B CN 109739013B
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- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
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Abstract
具有实入瞳的大焦比离轴三反光学系统，整个光学系统包括光阑、主镜、次镜、第三反射镜和焦平面，其特征在于，在主镜前设置实光阑，与主镜的距离大于主次镜镜间隔，构成离轴三反光学系统的实入瞳；所述主镜的曲率半径R1，所述次镜曲率半径R2和所述凸的第三反射镜顶点曲率半径R3近似满足平像场条件1/R1+1/R3=1/R2。本发明克服了现有技术“光阑位于主镜上没有实入瞳，无法实现被检测空间相机和光谱仪相机的入瞳面准确匹配”的缺陷，本发明的光学系统具有实的入瞳，光学系统焦比大于12，设计视场2º×2º，光学系统波前质量优于RMS 1/40波长。
A large focal ratio off-axis three-mirror optical system with a real entrance pupil. The entire optical system includes a diaphragm, a primary mirror, a secondary mirror, a third mirror and a focal plane. The distance of the primary mirror is greater than the distance between the primary and secondary mirrors, forming the real entrance pupil of the off-axis three-mirror optical system; the curvature radius R1 of the primary mirror, the curvature radius R2 of the secondary mirror and the curvature of the vertex of the convex third mirror The radius R3 approximately satisfies the flat image field condition 1/R1+1/R3=1/R2. The invention overcomes the defect of the prior art that "the diaphragm is located on the main mirror and has no real entrance pupil, so that the entrance pupil planes of the detected space camera and the spectrometer camera cannot be accurately matched". The optical system of the invention has a real entrance pupil, and the optical The focal ratio of the system is greater than 12, the design field of view is 2º×2º, and the wavefront quality of the optical system is better than RMS 1/40 wavelength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of detection of space cameras and spectrograph photographing lenses, in particular to a large-focal-ratio wide-field off-axis three-mirror optical system with a real entrance pupil.
Background
In the detection of a space camera and a spectrograph camera lens, a collimator optical system with a wide field of view and a large focal ratio is required for testing the imaging quality of the space camera and the spectrograph camera lens, and the entrance pupils of the space camera and the spectrograph camera lens need to be matched with the exit pupil surface of a detection optical system, so that the detection optical system needs to have a real entrance pupil.
The off-axis three-mirror optical imaging system has the characteristics of simple structure, no blocking, wide field of view, no dispersion, good image quality, compact structure and the like, can realize high resolution and high energy utilization rate, is increasingly applied to the field of space-to-ground imaging observation such as space cameras, imaging spectrometers and the like, and achieves rapid development.
Usually, the aperture diaphragm of the off-axis three-reflection optical system is positioned on the primary mirror or the secondary mirror, and the actual entrance pupil of the optical system is positioned in the detection light path, so that the accurate matching with the entrance pupil surfaces of the space camera and the spectrograph photographing mirror cannot be realized.
The prior art which is relatively close to the invention is an optical system which is shown in Korsch, D.Antimatic Three-mirror telescope, appl.Opt.16 #8(1977) and Cook, L.G.three-mirror and antislag mat used off-axis in the field, Proc SPIE 183, 207-; the field of view of the optical system described in Cook, l.g. text can be up to 2-4 °. The two diaphragms are positioned on the primary mirror, and have no real entrance pupil, so that the accurate matching of the entrance pupil surfaces of the detected space camera and the spectrometer camera cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an off-axis three-mirror optical system with a large focal ratio and a real entrance pupil; the optical system has a real entrance pupil, the focal ratio of the optical system is more than 12, the design field of view is 2 degrees multiplied by 2 degrees, and the wavefront quality of the optical system is better than RMS 1/40.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a large focal ratio off-axis three-mirror optical system with a real entrance pupil comprises a diaphragm, a primary mirror, a secondary mirror, a third reflector (three mirrors for short) and a focal plane, and is characterized in that the real diaphragm is arranged in front of the primary mirror, the distance between the real diaphragm and the primary mirror is larger than the distance between the real diaphragm and the primary mirror, and the real entrance pupil of the off-axis three-mirror optical system is formed; the curvature radius R1 of the primary mirror, the curvature radius R2 of the secondary mirror and the third mirror adopt a convex mirror, and the vertex curvature radius R3 of the convex mirror approximately meets the condition of a flat image field, namely 1/R1+1/R3= 1/R2.
The invention simultaneously adopts a mode of combining the caliber off-axis and the view field off-axis, and realizes that the secondary mirror is in an axisymmetric structure by reasonably selecting the aperture off-axis quantity and the view field off-axis; the optical axes of the primary mirror and the third reflector are coaxial with the secondary mirror, so that the difficulty in assembling and adjusting the optical system is reduced.
The invention further optimizes that:
the primary mirror adopts a concave off-axis hyperboloid primary mirror with positive focal power; an off-axis hyperboloid primary mirror with a high order term of order 4 is recommended.
The secondary mirror adopts a convex negative focal power axial symmetry paraboloid secondary mirror; an axisymmetric parabolic mirror is recommended.
The third reflector (three reflectors for short) adopts a concave off-axis ellipsoidal reflector containing a 4 th-order high-order term.
The distance between the real diaphragm and the primary mirror is larger than the interval between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror.
The distance L1 between the real diaphragm and the primary mirror is greater than the distance L2 between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror.
The entrance pupil diameter of the large-focal-ratio off-axis three-mirror optical system with the real entrance pupil is 350mm, the optical field of view is 2 degrees multiplied by 2 degrees, and the focal ratio of the optical system is F13.8.
The primary mirror is a circular aperture, and the aperture is off-axis 327 mm;
the secondary mirror is a circular aperture and is of an axisymmetric structure;
the third reflector is a square aperture, and the aperture is 326mm away from the axis.
The aperture of the entrance pupil diaphragm is 486.6mm, the field of view in the Y direction is 3 degrees, the field of view in the X-axis direction is-1 to +1 degrees, the field of view in the Y-axis direction is +3 to +5 degrees, and the focal plane size is 242mm × 242 mm.
The primary mirror, the secondary mirror and the third mirror share an optical central shaft.
The curvature radius of the primary mirror is-7475.000 mm, the quadratic coefficient is-2.4751, and the fourth order aspheric coefficient is-2.402 multiplied by 10-13(ii) a The curvature radius of the secondary mirror is-2723.365 mm, and the quadratic coefficient is-1.000;
the curvature radius of the third reflector is-4271.640 mm, the quadratic coefficient is-0.1938, and the fourth order aspheric coefficient is-3.181 multiplied by 10-13。
The distance between the diaphragm and the primary mirror is-2300 mm; the distance between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror is-2070 mm;
the distance between the secondary mirror and the third reflector is-2070 mm; the distance between the three mirrors and the focal plane is-2775.7 mm.
The invention overcomes the defect that the diaphragm is positioned on the primary mirror and has no real entrance pupil, and the accurate matching of the entrance pupil surfaces of the detected space camera and the spectrometer camera can not be realized in the prior art, the optical system has a real entrance pupil, the focal ratio of the optical system is more than 12, the design field of view is 2 degrees multiplied by 2 degrees, and the wavefront quality of the optical system is better than RMS 1/40.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a large focal ratio wide field of view off-axis three-mirror optical system with a real entrance pupil according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the structure of a large focal ratio wide field of view off-axis three-mirror optical system with a real entrance pupil of the present invention;
figure 3 is an RMS wavefront quality of a large focal ratio wide field of view off-axis three-mirror optical system of the present invention with a real entrance pupil.
Detailed Description
In the structure, the aperture of an entrance pupil is 350mm, the focal ratio of an optical system is 13.8, the effective field of view is 2 degrees multiplied by 2 degrees, the aperture of the entrance pupil diaphragm in the Y field direction is 486.6mm, the field of view in the Y axis direction of a central field of view is 3 degrees, the field of view in the X axis direction is-1 degrees to +1 degrees, and the field of view in the Y axis direction is +3 degrees to +5 degrees.
In the present embodiment, the real entrance pupil aperture is 486.6mm from the axis; the aperture of the main mirror is phi 484mm, and the aperture is 327mm off-axis; the aperture phi 322mm of the secondary mirror light-transmitting aperture is a rotational axis symmetric structure; the aperture of the light passing through the three mirrors is 517.5mm multiplied by 517.5mm, and the aperture is 326mm off-axis.
In the embodiment, the aperture diaphragm and the primary mirror are separated by-2300 mm; the primary mirror and the secondary mirror are separated by-2070 mm; the secondary mirror and the tertiary mirror are separated by-2070 mm; the three mirrors are spaced-2755.7 mm from the focal plane.
In this embodiment, the curvature radius of the primary mirror is-7475.000 mm, the quadratic coefficient is-2.4751, and the fourth order aspherical coefficient is-2.402 × 10-13(ii) a The curvature radius of the secondary mirror is-2723.365 mm, and the quadratic coefficient is-1.000; the curvature radius of the three mirrors is-4271.640 mm, the quadratic coefficient is-0.1938, and the fourth order aspheric coefficient is-3.181 multiplied by 10-13。
Referring to fig. 3, the RMS wavefront quality of a large focal ratio wide field of view off-axis three-mirror optical system with a real entrance pupil is better than 1/40 wavelengths.
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| CN201811587784.7A CN109739013B (en) | 2018-12-25 | 2018-12-25 | Off-axis three-mirror optical system with large focal ratio and wide field of view with real entrance pupil |
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| CN201811587784.7A CN109739013B (en) | 2018-12-25 | 2018-12-25 | Off-axis three-mirror optical system with large focal ratio and wide field of view with real entrance pupil |
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| CN109739013B true CN109739013B (en) | 2021-06-22 |
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| CN111596451B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2024-08-02 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Large-view-field off-axis three-reflection type collimator optical system |
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| CN113126272B (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2022-07-19 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | A method for assembling and adjusting an off-axis three-mirror optical system with a large field of view |
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| CN114488497B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-04-07 | 清华大学 | Real exit pupil off-axis reflective optical system |
| CN115808775A (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2023-03-17 | 中国科学院苏州生物医学工程技术研究所 | Large-field high-resolution three-reaction imaging system for microdroplet enzyme observation |
| CN115793270A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-14 | 北京航天长征飞行器研究所 | Long-working-distance large-view-field low-temperature vacuum cold chamber collimation optical system |
| CN116184645A (en) * | 2023-04-27 | 2023-05-30 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Real-entrance pupil image-space telecentric off-axis three-mirror optical system and design method |
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| CN102323671A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2012-01-18 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A telecentric off-axis three-mirror optical imaging system with a real entrance pupil |
| CN106383401A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-02-08 | 苏州大学 | Ultra-wide field-of-view off-axis three-reflector optical imaging system |
| CN107621691A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-23 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | An off-axis total reflection projection objective optical system |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102323671A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2012-01-18 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A telecentric off-axis three-mirror optical imaging system with a real entrance pupil |
| CN106383401A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-02-08 | 苏州大学 | Ultra-wide field-of-view off-axis three-reflector optical imaging system |
| CN107621691A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-23 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | An off-axis total reflection projection objective optical system |
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