CN109736254B - High dam comprehensive fish passing facility and fish passing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive fish passing facility for a high dam. The system comprises a fish collecting system, a transportation dam passing system, a wharf transferring system and a transportation releasing system; the fish collecting system is arranged in a tail water area of the dam power station and comprises a fish collecting facility and a lifting facility; the fish collecting facility comprises a fish lift and a tail water fish collecting box, wherein the fish lift is arranged in a tail water platform and a tail water channel at the downstream of the dam; the tail water fish collecting tank is arranged at the tail water platform and the tail water hole/tail water pipe orifice; the lifting facilities are arranged on the tail water platform and are connected with the fish collecting facilities, the transporting and passing dam system is detachably connected with the lifting facilities, the wharf transfer system is input into the transporting and passing dam system, and the transporting and releasing system is input into the wharf transfer system. The fish collecting device has the advantages of improving fish collecting efficiency and better helping fish to pass through a dam. The invention also discloses a fish passing method of the high-dam comprehensive fish passing facility.

Description

Comprehensive fish passing facilities and fish passing methods in high dams

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical fields of water conservancy engineering and environmental protection engineering, and more specifically to a comprehensive fish passing facility for high dams. More specifically, it is a high dam integrated fish passing facility that uses tailwater to gather fish. The invention also relates to a fish passing method for a high dam integrated fish passing facility.

Background technique

While water conservancy and hydropower projects exert their benefits in flood control, power generation, and shipping, they also have an impact on the ecological environment that cannot be ignored, especially the impact on blocking fish migration channels, which has attracted much attention in recent years. Fish passing facilities have been used internationally for more than 300 years as a fish protection measure to alleviate the blocking effect of dams. They can restore fish migration channels and connect upstream and downstream fish exchanges.

However, due to factors such as high water head and large water level changes, fish passing in high dams has always been a technical problem faced at home and abroad. Currently, the fish passing methods used in high dams mainly include fish passes, fish lifts, and fish container ships. The above methods have the following disadvantages:

1) Due to the high water head of the dam, the fishway method requires a long length to control the flow speed along the way below the ability of the fish to overcome the flow. Therefore, the fishway may be several kilometers long, and high dams are generally built in high mountain canyon areas. Laying out long-distance fish passages is extremely difficult and requires huge investments;

2) Fish passing through long fish passages consumes a lot of energy, which may lead to low passing efficiency and delay in spawning;

3) The fish elevator is generally arranged at a certain location on the shore or in the dam, and uses water diversion on the dam or pumping water from a pumping station to replenish water and lure fish. Since its water replenishment flow is generally lower than the power generation tailwater flow, most fish will still They are attracted by the tailwater of the power generation, follow the main stream of the tailwater, gather and stay near the tailrace pipe (hole), resulting in low efficiency of fish collection at the entrance of the fish passing facility;

4) When the fish elevator replenishes water and attracts fish, it will consume water in the reservoir area or consume a huge amount of electricity, which will have a greater impact on the power generation efficiency of the project;

5) The fish inlets of fish passages and fish elevators are generally relatively fixed, making it difficult to take into account fish with different flow characteristics and flow-breaking abilities;

6) The exits of fish passages and fish lifts are generally located in front of the dam. After passing the dam, fish suddenly enter an area where the flow rate is basically still water. It is difficult to find the upward direction and have stayed in front of the dam for a long time, which affects fish reproduction;

7) Fish collecting ships generally use fish collecting boats (platforms) to collect fish under the dam, and transport fish across the dam by boats. However, the rivers where high dams are located are generally in rapids and rapids, with poor navigation conditions. Fish collecting boats (platforms) ) generally do not have the operating conditions, and during the dam discharge period, the safety of the fish gathering vessel (platform) is even more difficult to ensure;

8) The elevation of the fish inlet of the above-mentioned fish passing facilities is relatively fixed, making it difficult to lure fish inhabiting different water layers. For example, the fish luring water flow of a fish gathering boat is difficult to lure fish in the surface layer.

The existing application number is: 201711383215.6, the patent name is "A Fish Concentrating System Adaptable to Water Level Variation" and the application number is: 201810150802.9, the patent name is "A Fish Lifting Machine Fish Concentrating System Device", both of which disclose water replenishment. The fish collecting and transporting device system is a fish gathering system, a fish gathering system, and a lifting and transfer system. The fish collecting box is set at the head of the fish gathering corridor and installed on the lifting system. It automatically optimizes and adjusts according to the fish school characteristics and water level and flow changes observed by the fish monitor. The openings of the fish inlet valve and the water replenishment valve meet the appropriate hydraulic conditions for different types of fish at different locations; however, water pumps and other replenishment facilities are used to extract water sources for fish luring. First, the flow is limited and the fish luring efficiency is low; The water pump consumes a lot of energy for pumping water, which has a greater impact on the power generation efficiency of the project; third, the fish inlet of the fish gathering channel has a fixed elevation, which cannot be applied to fish inhabiting different water layers, and the types of fish gathering are limited; fourth, it has a towing grid. There are many mechanical equipment and mechanical operations such as grid lowering and dragging grid translation, and the mechanism and operation are relatively complex.

The existing application number is 201711278801.4, and the patent title is "Comprehensive Fish Consolidation Platform and Method to Solve Hydropower Station's Obstruction of Fish Upstream" which discloses the construction of a new fish collection and luring channel in the downstream area of the forefront position of fish in the downstream of the tailwater, and in Relevant fish collection and luring measures, observation equipment and lifting transfer settings are added to the channel to achieve a comprehensive fish collection and transportation platform for the purposes of fish trapping, observation and transfer under the dam, and a method to solve the problem of hydropower stations hindering the upward movement of fish; it uses a water pump unit to pump The water body with a certain flow rate is sent out through the pipes laid on both sides of the channel and pre-buried at the bottom to form a preferred flow velocity distribution for different fish passing targets to attract fish. However, it uses water pumps to artificially create flows to attract fish, which has The following shortcomings are: ① The flow rate is limited and the fish luring efficiency is low; ② The water pump consumes a lot of water; ③ The water pump may produce vibration and noise, which affects the fish luring effect; in addition, the application only discloses the use of artificial water flow and fish nets or related Auxiliary means are used to drive or trap fish into fish tanks, but the equipment and operating procedures are not disclosed in detail. In fact, the operation is extremely difficult and may cause damage to fish.

In addition, it is disclosed that artificial water can be left in the fish collecting channel to lure fish in the channel into the fish collecting box, and fish can also be driven or lured into the fish collecting box through fish nets or related auxiliary means. ; However, the fish-gathering box is located on the ladder of the fish-gathering channel. During the fish-gathering period, the door on one side of the fish-gathering box is lifted upward and opened. When a certain number of fish are trapped in the box, the opened door is lowered to prevent fish gathering. If the fish in the box escapes, adding a fish gathering channel is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and has a great impact on the power generation efficiency of the project.

The existing application number is: 201720271676.3, and the patent name is "A high dam fish luring and fish gathering device based on flow field manufacturing" which discloses a fish luring and fish gathering box that accommodates attracted fish. The fish luring and fish gathering box end The high dam fish luring and fish gathering device is partially connected to a structural hump-shaped overflow weir that facilitates fish to enter the fish luring and fish gathering box and participate in the fish luring flow field; its homogeneous water pump and overflow weir create a "fish-loving flow field" , and install LED light strips and small speakers in the device to create light and sound, integrating flow field, light, and sound;

However, because it uses a submersible pump to create currents, supplemented by lights to attract fish, it still has the following shortcomings: ① The flow rate of using a submersible pump to create currents to attract fish is extremely limited, and the fish luring efficiency is low; ② The water pump consumes a lot of water. , the operation cost is high; ③ The water pump may produce vibration and noise, which affects the fish luring effect; ④ Different fish have different avoidance reactions to lights, sound waves, etc., and it has not been proven to have a universal trapping effect on fish. Therefore, in addition to water flow to lure fish, The effectiveness and feasibility of other measures cannot yet be verified.

Therefore, there are technical problems that need to be solved urgently in the fish collection, transportation and release of fish over high dams.

Contents of the invention

The first purpose of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive fish-passing facility for high dams that utilizes tail water to collect fish, can flexibly adjust the working depth, collect fish in different water layers, improve fish-gathering efficiency, and better help fish Class crossing the dam.

The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a fish passing method for high dam comprehensive fish passing facilities, using tail water to collect fish, collect, transport and release fish efficiently, improve fish passing efficiency and better protect fish.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned first object of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is: a comprehensive fish passing facility in a high dam, which is characterized in that: it includes a fish gathering system, a transport crossing system, a dock transfer system and a transport and release system; the fish gathering system The system is located in the tailwater area of the dam power station, and the fish gathering system includes fish gathering facilities and lifting facilities;

The fish gathering facilities include a fish elevator that uses tail water to collect fish and a tail water fish collecting box. The fish elevator is located in the tail water platform and tail water channel downstream of the dam; the tail water fish gathering box Box. Arranged at the tailrace platform and tailrace tunnel/tailrace pipe mouth;

The lifting facility is arranged on the tailwater platform and is connected to the fish gathering facility. The transportation dam system is detachably connected to the lifting facility; the dock transfer system inputs the transportation dam system, so The transport and discharge system is input to the terminal transfer system.

In the above technical solution, the fish lift includes a water guide wall, a fish pond and a fish lift box, and the lifting facilities are at least a tailwater gate machine or a crane or a truck crane or a rack and pinion type and/or lowering One of the guide rails; the lifting facilities include a fish lift lifting mechanism and a tailrace fish box lifting mechanism; the water guide wall is arranged on the bottom plate of the draft tube/tailrace tunnel and the bottom plate of the stilling basin and/or the tailrace channel On the top, the fish collecting tank is arranged on the downstream side of the tailrace pipe/tailrace tunnel or in the stilling basin. The fish collecting box of the fish elevator is connected to the lifting mechanism of the fish lifting machine. The lifting mechanism of the fish lifting machine is arranged on the On the tail water platform and the fish pond, the fish pond has a vertical shaft structure.

In the above technical solution, the lifting mechanism of the fish lift includes a racking column, a first crane and a first hook. The racking column is located at the upper end of the fish pond, and the first crane is located at the upper end of the fish pond. At the upper end of the frame column, the first hook is movably connected to the first crane; the tailwater fish box lifting mechanism is located on the tailwater platform, and the tailwater fish box lifting mechanism includes a second A crane and a second cable, the second crane is located at the top of the tailrace access door slot; the tailwater fish collection box is connected to the second crane through the second cable; the tailwater collection box The fish box is arranged in the tail water tower or the tail water platform; there are one or more tail water fish collecting boxes.

In the above technical solution, a first anti-escape bell mouth is provided at the water outlet of the fish pond; there are multiple first anti-escape bell mouths, and the plurality of first anti-escape bell mouths are arranged side by side. /or stacked; a first fish inlet is provided at the end of the first anti-escape bell mouth and is located in the fish pond;

There is a second anti-escape bell mouth provided on the tail water fish collecting box, and a second fish inlet is provided at the end of the second anti escape bell mouth and located in the tail water fish collecting box. The second fish inlet faces the outside of the tailrace pipe/tailrace hole; both the first anti-escape bell mouth and the second anti-escape bell mouth are permeable grille structures.

In the above technical solution, a fish blocking facility is provided at the water inlet of the fish pond, and is located between the side wall of the tailrace pipe/tailrace tunnel and the water guide wall, or is located on the side wall of the tailrace channel. and the water guide wall; the fish elevator fish collecting box includes a first water storage baffle located at the lower end and a first water permeable grille located at the upper end of the water storage baffle. There are multiple baffles, and the plurality of first water retaining baffles surround a square structure with an open upper end; a first lifting eye is provided on the fish collecting box of the fish lifting machine, and the fish collecting box of the fish lifting machine passes through The first lifting eye is connected to the lifting mechanism of the fish lift.

In the above technical solution, the fish blocking facilities are at least one of fish blocking electrodes and grilles; the first crane is at least a gantry crane, a bridge crane, a jib crane, a cable crane and a truck crane. One of the above; the fish collecting box of the fish lifting machine is connected to the first hook through the first lifting eye; the fish collecting box of the fish lifting machine and the fish collecting pond are connected by a track or a slider Sliding connection and positioning, or through the toothed connection and positioning of the gear rack; The fish collecting box of the fish elevator and the rack column are slidably connected and positioned through a track or slider, or through the teeth of the gear rack. Connect and position.

In the above technical solution, the tailwater fish collecting box includes a frame and a grille provided on the frame; the frame includes a fish collecting frame and a guide device, and the guide devices are respectively provided on both sides of the fish collecting frame; The fish-gathering frame includes a fish-gathering part frame and a water-retention part frame, and the water-retention part frame is located at the lower end of the fish-gathering part frame;

There are one or more second anti-escape bell mouths, one or more second fish inlet openings; there are second lifting lugs provided on the frame; there are multiple second lifting lugs; The tailwater fish collecting box is connected to the lifting mechanism of the tailwater fish collecting box through the second lifting eye; the water storage part frame is provided with a second water storage baffle; the water storage part frame is connected to the water storage part frame. The second water retaining baffle surrounds a square water retaining structure with an upper end opening.

In the above technical solution, there is a water baffle structure installed in the frame and located on the water inlet side of the frame. There are one or more water baffle structures. The water baffle structures are horizontal and/or horizontal. Or placed vertically; the guide device is at least one or more of a slider, a track limiter, and a gear rack; the fish gathering frame also includes a water-passing part frame, and the water-passing part frame is located at an interval Between the two fish-gathering frames, or within the fish-gathering frame and/or between the two second fish inlets arranged at intervals.

In the above technical solution, the transportation system across the dam includes a fish transport vehicle, a fish transport box and a life support system located in the fish transport box. The fish transport vehicle and the fish elevator lifted to the tailwater platform are detachable. Connected and/or detachably connected to the tailwater fish tank lifted to the tailrace platform; the dock transfer system includes a dock and a lifting device; the lifting device is at least a tower crane, a gantry crane, a truck crane or a crane installed on the ship One type of crane; the transport and release system at least includes a transport and release vessel.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned second object of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is: the fish passing method of the high dam comprehensive fish passing facility, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps:

Step 1: Lure fish

After determining the tailrace hole/tailrace pipe for fish gathering, use the lifting mechanism of the fish lift to place the fish collection box of the fish lift at the set elevation in the fish pond. Under power generation conditions, open the fish blocking facility located at the upstream end of the fish pond. , place the first anti-escape bell at the water outlet of the fish pond; and/or use the tailrace fish box lifting mechanism to place the tailrace fish box at the set elevation in the tailrace hole/tailrace pipe through the second cable;

Step 2: Gather the fish

When the power station generates electricity, the generated tail water flows in from the water inlet of the fish pond and flows out from the water outlet, forming a fish luring flow. When the fish downstream of the dam migrate upstream along the side of the tail water area, the first fish entering the fish pond will The fish goes up from the bottom of the mouth and is attracted by the water discharged from the first fish inlet, and then enters the fish collecting pond from the first fish inlet through the first anti-escape bell mouth and then enters the fish collecting box of the fish elevator;

And/or when fish are attracted by the tail water of the power generation and enter near the tail water pipe/tail water hole, they wait for an opportunity to trace up along the edge of the tail water pipe/tail water hole and enter the tail water fish collecting box;

Step Three: Lift Loading

When it is discovered through the underwater camera that a certain number of fish have been collected in the fish collecting box of the fish lifting machine on the right bank, the fish lifting machine fish collecting box placed at the bottom of the fish collecting pond will be placed along the fish collecting pond and row rack column through the lifting mechanism of the fish lifting machine. Lift to the tailrace platform;

And/or after the tailwater fish collecting box has been operated for a certain period of time, or after a certain number of fish are found to have entered the tailwater fish collecting box through the underwater camera, the tailwater fish collecting box lifting mechanism is used to lift the tailwater fish collecting box along the tailwater. The access door slot is lifted to the tailrace platform;

When the tailwater fish collecting box and/or the fish collecting box of the fish lifter are lifted to the tailrace platform, the fish transport vehicle drives to the tailrace platform, and the fish transporting box is connected to the tailwater fish collecting box and/or the fish lifter through the connecting pipe. The fish boxes are connected, and the fish in the tail water fish collecting box and/or the fish collecting box of the fish elevator are transferred to the fish transport box;

Step 4: Transport across the dam

After the collected fish are loaded, the life support system in the fish transport box is turned on to ensure the health of the fish during transportation. The fish transport truck transports the fish across the dam via the dam road and delivers it to the dock transfer system;

Step 5: Terminal transfer

After the fish truck transports the fish boxes to the transfer dock, the fish boxes are hoisted to the fish release ship through the dock lifting device;

Step 7: Transport and release

After the fish transport box is transferred to the fish transport and release vessel, the fish will be transported to the release location along the established route. After confirming that the release water area is safe, the fish will be released into the river; after the release is completed, the fish transport and release vessel will return to the transfer dock and complete The entire fish passing process.

The invention has the following advantages:

(1) The present invention utilizes the flow characteristics of fish to gather fish in the densest areas of fish, which can greatly improve the fish gathering efficiency (the fish luring water volume of the present invention is large, and can generally reach the fish luring flow rate of conventional fish elevators) More than a hundred times); overcoming the shortcomings of the existing technology that the fish luring water flow at the fish inlet is small and cannot compete with the tail water of the power station. Most fish gather at the tail water of the power station, resulting in low fish gathering efficiency in the fish passing facilities;

(2) The present invention complements each other by arranging fish gathering facilities at the mouth of the tailrace tunnel (tailrace tube) and outside the tailrace tunnel (tailrace tube), and can attract fish with different flow characteristics and flow resistance, and overcomes the problem of Background Art It is difficult to take into account the shortcomings of fish with different flow characteristics and flow-control abilities;

(3) The present invention does not require additional water replenishment, avoids diversion of water from the dam or construction of pumping stations, and greatly saves project operation costs (the construction cost of an ordinary fish lift is about 20-40 million yuan, while the cost of the present invention is about 10 million yuan) ); It overcomes the shortcomings of the existing fish passing facilities with large water replenishment and high operating costs (the present invention uses the tail water of power generation to lure fish, does not consume water and electricity, and has low operating costs; while the existing fish lifting machines are generally located upstream) Water diversion or water pump replenishment, based on the average water replenishment volume of 2.0m ³ /s, consumes about 173,000 tons of water per day, consumes about 15,000 kilowatt hours of electricity, and has high operating costs);

(4) The present invention avoids the risk of injury to fish caused by being trapped in turbulent waters such as tailgate slots for a long time;

(5) The present invention can flexibly adjust the working depth to collect fish in different water layers; it overcomes the shortcomings of the existing technology that the depth of the fish inlet is fixed and it is difficult to take into account both surface and bottom fish;

(6) The present invention uses vehicles to quickly transport fish across the dam, avoiding the fatigue and time delay effects caused by fish passing through long-distance fish passages;

(7) The present invention uses ships to transport fish to suitable river sections in the reservoir area for release. The release location can be flexibly selected to meet the habitat and spawning needs of fish, improve the suitability of fish, and prevent fish from crossing the dam through the fishway. If you can only reach the still water area in front of the dam, you will easily get lost, or if you use a vehicle to release the water at a fixed dock for a long time, you will easily be caught by residents.

The combined fish passing method of the present invention adopts a fish gathering method that combines a tailrace fish collecting box and a fish gathering station. The tailrace fish collecting box mainly collects the flow characteristics and flow resistance accumulated near the tailrace hole (tailrace pipe). For strong fish, the fish aggregation station mainly collects fish that gather on the side of the tailrace channel and have relatively weak flow resistance. The two fish aggregation facilities complement each other and can cover the mouth of the tailrace hole (tailrace pipe) at the same time. Different water areas such as the sides of water channels can simultaneously adapt to fish with different flow characteristics and flow resistance, which can greatly improve fish gathering efficiency.

The present invention is suitable for various types of high dam water conservancy and hydropower projects. The fish passing method of the present invention can be used to collect, transport and release fish in a completely new and efficient manner. In fish passing facility projects, the present invention can be used to pass fish over dams. It can improve the efficiency of passing fish and better protect fish.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

Figure 2 is an enlarged view of point A in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is an enlarged view of point A in Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the fish lifting machine of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fish collecting box of the fish lifting machine of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tailwater fish collecting box of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tailwater fish collecting box of the present invention.

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the working structure of the fish transport box connected to the tail water fish collecting box through connecting pipes according to the present invention.

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the working structure of the fish transport box connected to the fish collecting box of the fish lifting machine through connecting pipes according to the present invention.

In the picture, 1-fish gathering facilities, 1.1-fish liter machine, 1.11-water guide wall, 1.12-fish gathering pond, 1.121-first anti-escape bell mouth, 1.122-first fish inlet, 1.13-fish liter fish collector box ,1.131-The first water retaining baffle,1.132-The first water permeable grille,1.133-The first lifting eye,1.14-Fish blocking facility,1.2-Tailwater fish collecting box,1.21-Frame,1.211-Fish collecting frame,1.2111 -Fish gathering part frame, 1.2112-water storage part frame, 1.2113-water part frame, 1.212-guide device, 1.22-grill, 1.23-second fish inlet, 1.24-second anti-escape bell, 1.25-th Second water retaining baffle, 1.26-water baffle structure, 2-lifting facility, 2.1-liter fish machine lifting mechanism, 2.11-rack column, 2.12-first crane, 2.13-first hook, 2.2-tail water collection Fish box lifting mechanism, 2.21-second crane, 2.22-second cable, 3-transportation dam system, 3.1-fish transport vehicle, 3.11-connecting pipe, 3.2-fish transport box, 4-pier transfer system, 4.1-pier ,5-Transport and release system, 5.1-Transport and release ship, 6-Tail water access door hole, 7-Tail water access door slot, 8-Tail water tower, 9-Stilling basin, 10-Fish aggregation system, 11-Large Dam power station, 12-dam, 13-dam crossing road, 14-tailrace platform, 15-tailrace tunnel/tailrace pipe, 16-tailrace channel.

Detailed ways

The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but they do not constitute a limitation of the present invention and are only used as examples. At the same time, the advantages of the present invention are made clearer and easier to understand through the description.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, it can be seen that the comprehensive fish passing facilities of the high dam include a fish gathering system 10, a transport crossing system 3, a dock transfer system 4 and a transport and release system 5; the fish gathering system 10 is located in the tailwater area of the dam power station 11 , the fish gathering system 10 includes a fish gathering facility 1 and a lifting facility 2; the fish gathering facility 1 includes a fish lifting machine 1.1 that uses tail water to collect fish and a tail water fish gathering box 1.2, and the fish lifting machine 1.1 is located at In the tailrace platform 14 and tailrace channel 16 downstream of the dam 12; the tailrace fish collecting box 1.2 is arranged at the tailrace platform 14 and the tailrace hole/tailrace pipe 15; the lifting facility 2 is arranged at the tailrace platform 14, and is connected to the fish gathering facility 1; the transport dam system 3 is detachably connected to the lifting facility 2, the dock transfer system 4 inputs the transport dam system 3, and the transport and release system The system 5 inputs the terminal transfer system 4 (as shown in Figures 1, 8, and 9), and adopts a fish gathering method that combines a tail water fish gathering box and a fish gathering station, in which the tail water fish gathering box mainly collects fish at the tail water. The fish elevator mainly collects fish with stronger flow characteristics and flow-resisting ability near the water tunnel (pipe), and the fish elevator mainly collects fish that gather on the side of the tailrace channel and has relatively weak flow-resisting ability. The two fish gathering facilities complement each other and complement each other. In addition, it can cover different water areas such as the mouth of the tailrace (tailrace tube) and the side of the tailrace channel at the same time, and can also adapt to fish with different flow characteristics and flow-control abilities, which can greatly improve the fish gathering efficiency.

The fish lift 1.1 includes a water guide wall 1.11, a fish pond 1.12 and a fish lift box 1.13. The lifting facility 2 is at least a tailgate machine or a crane or a car crane or a rack and pinion type and/or a lowering guide rail. One of the above; the lifting facility 2 includes a fish lift lifting mechanism 2.1 and a tailrace fish box lifting mechanism 2.2 (as shown in Figure 2); the water guide wall 1.11 is provided on the bottom plate of the tailrace tube/tailrace tunnel 15 and the bottom plate of the stilling basin 9 and/or the tailrace channel 16. The fish collecting pond 1.12 is arranged on the downstream side of the tailrace pipe/tailrace hole 15 or in the stilling basin 9. The fish collecting box 1.13 of the fish elevator is connected with the stilling basin 9. The fish lifting machine lifting mechanism 2.1 is connected, and the fish lifting machine lifting mechanism 2.1 is arranged on the tail water platform 14 and the fish collecting pond 1.12. The fish collecting pond 1.12 has a vertical structure (as shown in Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure As shown in 4), use the water guide wall to introduce part or all of the tailwater into the fish pond set outside the tailrace hole (tailrace pipe). The water flow flows from the water inlet through the fish pond and flows out from the fish inlet to form a fish luring water flow, which attracts fish. Fish enter the fish inlet with an anti-escape bell mouth structure and continue to gather. The fish are then lifted and collected through the fish lifting box installed at the bottom of the fish pond for transportation across the dam.

The fish lift lifting mechanism 2.1 includes a racking column 2.11, a first crane 2.12 and a first hook 2.13. The racking column 2.11 is located at the upper end of the fish pond 1.12, and the first crane 2.12 is located at the upper end of the fish pond 1.12. The upper end of the racking column 2.11, the first hook 2.13 is movably connected to the first crane 2.12; the tailwater fish collecting box lifting mechanism 2.2 is provided on the tailrace platform 14, the tailwater fish collecting box The box lifting mechanism 2.2 includes a second crane 2.21 and a second cable 2.22. The second crane 2.21 is located at the top of the tailwater access door slot 7; the tailwater fish collecting box 1.2 is connected by the second cable 2.22. On the second crane 2.21; the tailrace fish collecting box 1.2 is arranged in the tailrace tower 8 or the tailrace platform 14; there are one or more tailrace fish collecting boxes 1.2 (as shown in Figure 2, Figure 8, As shown in Figure 9), when there is one tailwater fish-gathering box 1.2, the working water layer can be adjusted according to the needs of fish gathering; different operating heights can be controlled according to the needs of fish gathering; when multiple tailwater fish-gathering boxes are used, multiple The tailwater fish collection boxes can be stacked to meet the requirements of fish in different water layers.

There is a first anti-escape bell mouth 1.121 located at the water outlet of the fish pond 1.12; there are one or more first anti-escape bell mouths 1.121; there is a first fish inlet 1.122 located at the first anti-escape bell mouth 1.121. The end of the bell mouth 1.121 is located in the fish collecting tank 1.12; when there is one first escape prevention cage 1.121, it is convenient to attract fish into the fish collecting box of the fish elevator through the tail water flow; when the first escape prevention cage 1.121 is When there are multiple escape cages 1.121, the plurality of first escape cages 1.121 are arranged side by side and/or stacked, which is convenient for the fish raising machine fish collection box to collect fish in different water layers, and is convenient for power generation in different power stations. Under normal circumstances, multiple fish inlets form different high and low fish luring flow rates, which can satisfy fishes that like different flow rates. Fish can freely choose their preferred fish inlet, so it is suitable for a wide range of working conditions; it is convenient for fish to enter the fish trap. The machine collects fish boxes and prevents fish from escaping (as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3); the function of the first anti-escape bell is to form a one-way passage structure that is easy for fish to enter and difficult to exit, so that fish can pass from the outside The anti-escape bell mouth enters the fish pond, and at the same time, it is not easy to escape from the fish pond to the outside of the fish pond, making it easier for fish to enter the fish box of the fish elevator and preventing fish from swimming out from the water inlet;

There is a second anti-escape bell mouth 1.24 provided on the tail water fish collecting box 1.2, and a second fish inlet 1.23 is provided at the end of the second anti escape bell mouth 1.24 and located in the tail water fish collecting box. 1.2, the second anti-escape bell mouth 1.24 faces the outside of the tailrace pipe/tailrace hole 15 (as shown in Figures 2, 6, and 7); it is convenient to attract fish into the tailrace collection through the tailrace water flow. Fish box; one end of the second anti-escape bell mouth is located on the cross beam and/or longitudinal beam of the fish gathering part frame, and the other end extends to the inside of the fish gathering part frame to form an anti-escape opening structure with a gradually reduced cross-section. The second anti-escape bell mouth is The function of the bell mouth is to form a one-way passage structure that is easy for fish to enter and difficult to exit, so that fish can enter the fish collection box from the outside through the anti-escape bell mouth, and at the same time, it is not easy to escape from the fish collection box to the outside of the fish collection box;

The first anti-escape bell mouth 1.121 and the second anti-escape bell mouth 1.24 are both permeable grille structures. The function of the anti-escape bell mouth is to form a one-way passage structure that is easy for fish to enter and difficult to exit, so that fish can Enter the fish collecting box from the outside through the anti-escape bell mouth, and at the same time, it is not easy to escape from the fish collecting box to the outside of the fish collecting box, and it does not affect the overflow.

There is a fish blocking facility 1.14 located at the water inlet of the fish pond 1.12 and between the side wall of the tailrace pipe/tailrace tunnel 15 and the water guide wall 1.11, or between the side wall of the tailrace channel 16 and between the water guide walls 1.11 (as shown in Figure 4) to prevent fish from swimming out from the water inlet; the fish elevator fish collecting box 1.13 includes a first water retaining baffle 1.131 located at the lower end and a first There is a first water permeable grille 1.132 on the upper end of the water retaining baffle 1.131. There are multiple first water retaining baffles 1.131. The multiple first water retaining baffles 1.131 surround a square water retaining structure with an upper end opening (as shown in the figure). 5), the water body of a certain depth is stored through the square water storage structure, and after the fish collecting box of the fish elevator rises out of the water, the water depth in the box that meets the needs of the fish can be maintained; there is a first lifting lug 1.133 located on the On the fish lifter fish collecting box 1.13, the fish lifting machine fish collecting box 1.13 is connected to the fish lifting machine lifting mechanism 2.1 through the first lifting lug 1.133, which facilitates connection and lifting operations.

The fish blocking facility 1.14 is at least one of a fish blocking electrode and a grille; the first crane 2.12 is at least one of a gantry crane, a bridge crane, a jib crane, a cable crane and a truck crane. ; The fish-raising machine fish-gathering box 1.13 is connected to the first hook 2.13 through the first lifting lug 1.133; the fish-raising machine fish-gathering box 1.13 and the fish-gathering pond 1.12 are connected by a track or slide The blocks are slidably connected and positioned, or are connected and positioned through the teeth of gears and racks; the fish elevator fish collecting box 1.13 and the rack column 2.11 are slidably connected and positioned through rails or slide blocks, or through gear teeth. The toothed connection and positioning of the bars (as shown in Figure 1) facilitates stable lifting or lowering of the fish collecting box of the fish elevator.

The tailwater fish collecting box 1.2 includes a frame 1.21 and a grille 1.22 provided on the frame 1.21; the frame 1.21 includes a fish collecting frame 1.211 and a guide device 1.212, and the guide devices 1.212 are respectively provided on the fish collecting frame 1.211. Both sides; the fish-gathering frame 1.211 includes a fish-gathering part frame 1.2111 and a water-retention part frame 1.2112. The water-retention part frame 1.2112 is located at the lower end of the fish-gathering part frame 1.2111 (as shown in Figure 6, Figure 6 shows two There is a water-passing frame between the two fish-gathering frames arranged at intervals; Figure 7 shows a transverse fish-gathering box structure). The function of the frame of the tailwater fish-gathering box is mainly to maintain the firmness of the tailwater fish-gathering box structure, so that The tailwater fish collecting box can remain firm and stable under the impact of water flow;

There are one or more second anti-escape bell mouths 1.24, one or more second fish inlets 1.23; there are second lifting lugs 1.213 provided at the upper end, side or bottom of the frame 1.21; the third There are multiple two lifting lugs 1.213; the tailwater fish collecting box 1.2 is connected to the tailwater fish collecting box lifting mechanism 2.2 through the second lifting lugs 1.213 to facilitate connection and lifting operations; the water storage part frame 1.2112 is provided with a second water retaining baffle 1.25; the water retaining part frame 1.2112 and the second water retaining baffle 1.25 form a square water retaining structure with an upper end opening (as shown in Figures 6 and 7); so The fish-gathering part frame is connected with the square water storage structure of the water-passing part frame, and the water body of a certain depth is stored through the square water storage structure. After the tailwater fish-gathering box rises out of the water, it can keep enough fish in the box. Required water depth.

There is a water baffle structure 1.26 located in the frame 1.21 and located on the water inlet side of the frame 1.21. The shape and size of the water baffle structure 1.26 are set according to actual needs. The water baffle structure 1.26 has one or more The function of the water baffle structure 1.26 is to block the water flow and form a slow flow area in a certain area to meet the rest needs of fish and avoid fish fatigue caused by long-term swimming; the guide device 1.212 is at least a slider , track limiter, gear rack, one or more, to facilitate stable lifting or lowering of the tailwater fish collecting box; the fish collecting frame 1.211 also includes a water passing part frame 1.2113, the water passing part frame 1.2113 is provided with Between the two fish gathering frames 1.211 arranged at intervals, or within the fish gathering frames 1.211 and/or between the two second fish inlets 1.23 arranged at intervals (as shown in Figure 6 ), making it easier to cross the water and reduce the resistance to the tail water.

The transport system 3 across the dam includes a fish transport vehicle 3.1, a fish transport box 3.2 located on the fish transport vehicle 3.1 and a life support system located in the fish transport box 3.2. The fish transport vehicle 3.2 is lifted to the tailrace platform The fish collecting box 1.13 of the fish elevator of 14 is detachably connected through the connecting pipe 3.11 and/or is detachably connected to the tail water fish collecting box 1.2 raised to the tail water platform 14 through the connecting pipe 3.11; the life support system includes oxygenation Facilities, etc., can ensure the healthy survival of the species loaded in the fish box; the dock transfer system 4 includes a dock 4.1 and a lifting device, etc. The fish truck can drive to the dock, and the transfer crane can hoist the fish box on the fish truck. Transfer; the lifting device is at least one of a tower crane, a gantry crane, a truck crane or a crane installed on a ship, but is not limited to this; the transport and release system 5 at least includes a transport and release ship 5.1 (Figure 1, Figure 8 , as shown in Figure 9), the fish collection box on the fish transport vehicle can be hoisted to the transport and release ship parked at the pier through the transfer crane on the pier. The transport and release ship can load the fish and drive to the suitable waters of the reservoir area for release.

The above-mentioned transportation dam system, wharf transfer system, and transportation and discharge system are all existing technologies.

The density of the grille is determined based on the body length, body width, body height and other characteristic parameters of the fish gathering target. The frames of the tail water fish collecting box 1.2 and the fish lifting machine fish collecting box 1.13 are both steel frames.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, it can be seen that the fish passing method of the high dam comprehensive fish passing facility includes the following steps:

Step 1: Lure fish

Due to the large flow and wide range of power generation tailwater, the use of power generation tailwater can maximize the fish luring efficiency. Therefore, this fish gathering system mainly uses power generation tailwater. After determining the tailrace hole/tailrace pipe 15 for fish gathering, the fish gathering system can be used to raise fish. The machine lifting mechanism 2.1 places the fish lifting machine fish collecting box 1.13 at the set elevation in the fish collecting pond 1.12. Under the power generation condition, open the fish blocking facility 1.14 located at the upstream end of the fish collecting pond 1.12, and place the first outlet of the fish collecting pond 1.12. Anti-escape bell mouth 1.121; and/or use the tailrace fish collecting box lifting mechanism 2.2 to place the tailrace fish collecting box 1.2 at the set elevation in the tailrace hole/tailrace pipe 15 through the second cable 2.22; (tailrace fish collecting box The box 1.2 can be lifted up and down from the tailwater access door slot 7 and passed through the tailwater access door hole 6) (as shown in Figure 2); the tailwater fish collecting box 1.2 can be stacked when necessary; and the necessary auxiliary fish luring can be turned on Facilities, such as fish luring lights installed in the tailwater fish collecting box 1.2 and the fish collecting pond of the tailwater fish elevator on the right bank, and when necessary, fish luring bait is placed in the fish collecting station fish collecting pond to increase the success rate of luring fish;

Step 2: Gather the fish

When the power station generates electricity, the tail water from the power generation flows in from the water inlet of the fish pond 1.12 and flows out from the water outlet, forming a fish luring flow. When the fish downstream of the dam 12 migrate upstream along the side of the tail water area, the tail water flows along the side of the fish pond 1.12. As soon as the fish inlet 1.122 goes up, it is attracted by the water discharged from the first fish inlet 1.122 set in the fish pond 1.12, and then enters the fish pond 1.12 from the first fish inlet 1.122 through the first anti-escape bell mouth 1.121 and then enters the fish elevator. Fish collection box 1.13;

And/or when the fish are attracted by the tail water of the power generation and enter the vicinity of the tail water pipe/tail race hole 15, they will wait for an opportunity to trace up along the edge of the tail water pipe/tail water hole 15. Since the interior of the tail water fish collecting box 1.2 has different flow velocity zones , so that fish can enter the second fish inlet 1.23 along the water outlet through the second anti-escape bell mouth 1.24 and then enter the tail water fish collecting box 1.2;

After the fish enter the fish elevator fish box 1.13 and/or the tailwater fish box 1.2, they can stay in the rest area to rest in the fish elevator fish box 1.13 and/or the tailwater fish box 1.2 (as shown in Figure 2 );

Step Three: Lift Loading

When it is discovered through the underwater camera that a certain number of fishes have been collected in the fish raising box 1.13 of the fish raising machine 1.1 on the right bank, the fish raising machine placed at the bottom of the fish collecting pond 1.12 will collect fish through the fish raising machine lifting mechanism 2.1 The box 1.13 is lifted to the tailwater platform 14 along the fish pond 1.12 and the rack column 2.11;

And/or after the tail water fish collecting box 1.2 has been operated for a certain period of time, or after a certain number of fish are found to enter the tail water fish collecting box 1.2 through the underwater camera, the tail water fish collecting box lifting mechanism 2.2 is used to lift the tail water fish collecting box 1.2 Lift along the tailrace access door slot 7 to the tailrace platform 14;

When the tail water fish collecting box 1.2 and/or the fish elevator fish collecting box 1.13 is lifted to the tail water platform 14, the fish transport vehicle 3.1 drives to the tail water platform 14, and the fish transport box 3.2 is connected to the tail water fish collecting box through the connecting pipe 3.11 1.2 and/or the fish collecting box 1.13 of the fish elevator are connected, and the fish in the tail water fish collecting box 1.2 and/or the fish collecting box 1.13 of the fish elevator are transferred to the fish transport box 3.2 (as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9 Show);

Step 4: Transport across the dam

After the collected fish are loaded, the life support system in the fish transport box 3.2 is turned on to ensure the health of the fish during transportation. The fish transport truck 3.1 transports the fish across the dam via the dam road 13 and delivers it to the dock transfer system. 4;

Step 5: Terminal transfer

After the fish transport truck 3.1 transports the fish transport box 3.2 to the transfer dock 4.1 of the dock transfer system 4, the fish transport box 3.2 is hoisted to the fish transport and release ship 5.1 of the transport and release system 5 through the dock lifting device;

Step 7: Transport and release

After the fish transport box 3.2 is transferred to the fish transport and release vessel 5.1, the fish will be transported to the release location along the established route. After confirming that the release water area is safe, the fish will be released into the river; after the release is completed, the fish transport and release vessel 5.1 will return Transfer terminal 4.1 (shown in Figure 1, Figure 8, and Figure 9) completes the entire fish passing process.

In order to more clearly explain the advantages of the high dam comprehensive fish passing facility and its fish passing method according to the present invention compared with the prior art high dam fish passing facility and its fish passing method, the staff combined these two technologies. The plans were compared, and the comparison results are as follows:

As can be seen from the above table, compared with the existing high dam fish passing facilities and the fish passing method, the comprehensive fish passing facility for high dams and the fish passing method of the present invention have higher fish passing efficiency, lower cost, and are more time-consuming. It is shorter, can adjust the working depth, and collect fish from different water layers. It has a large amount of fish luring, does not require additional water replenishment, and is highly safe.

Other unexplained parts belong to the prior art.

Claims (5)

1. A comprehensive fish-passing facility in a high dam, characterized by: including a fish-gathering system (10), a transport dam-passing system (3), a wharf transfer system (4), and a transport and release system (5); the fish-gathering system (10) ) is located in the tailwater area of the dam power station (11), and the fish gathering system (10) includes a fish gathering facility (1) and a lifting facility (2); The fish gathering facility (1) includes a fish elevator (1.1) that uses tail water to collect fish and a tail water fish gathering box (1.2). The fish elevator (1.1) is located in the tail water downstream of the dam (12). In the platform (14) and the tailrace channel (16); the tailrace fish collecting box (1.2) is arranged at the tailrace platform (14) and the mouth of the tailrace tunnel/tailrace pipe (15); The lifting facility (2) is arranged on the tailwater platform (14) and is connected to the fish gathering facility (1), and the transportation dam system (3) is detachably connected to the lifting facility (2) , the dock transfer system (4) inputs the transportation dam system (3), and the transportation discharge system (5) inputs the dock transfer system (4); The fish elevator (1.1) includes a water guide wall (1.11), a fish collecting pond (1.12) and a fish collecting box (1.13) of the fish elevator. The lifting facility (2) is at least a tailgate machine or a crane or a truck crane. Or one of rack and pinion type and/or lowering guide rail; the lifting facility (2) includes a fish lift lifting mechanism (2.1) and a tailwater fish collecting box lifting mechanism (2.2); the water guide wall (1.11 ) is arranged on the bottom plate of the tailrace/tailrace tunnel (15) and the bottom plate of the stilling basin (9) and/or the tailrace channel (16), and the fish pond (1.12) is arranged on the tailrace pipe/tailrace tunnel (15) On the downstream side or in the stilling tank (9), the fish collecting box (1.13) of the fish elevator is connected to the lifting mechanism (2.1) of the fish elevator, and the lifting mechanism (2.1) of the fish elevator is arranged at the tail end of the fish elevator. On the water platform (14) and the fish collecting pond (1.12), the fish collecting pond (1.12) has a vertical shaft structure; The lifting mechanism (2.1) of the fish lift includes a racking column (2.11), a first crane (2.12) and a first hook (2.13). The racking column (2.11) is located in the fish pond (1.12). At the upper end, the first crane (2.12) is located at the upper end of the rack column (2.11), and the first hook (2.13) is movably connected to the first crane (2.12); the tailwater fish collection The box lifting mechanism (2.2) is located on the tailwater platform (14). The tailwater fish collecting box lifting mechanism (2.2) includes a second crane (2.21) and a second cable (2.22). The second crane (2.21) is located at the top of the tailrace access door slot (7); the tailrace fish collecting box (1.2) is connected to the second crane (2.21) through the second cable (2.22); The tailrace fish collecting box (1.2) is installed in the tailrace tower (8) or the tailrace platform (14); there are one or more tailrace fish collecting boxes (1.2); A first anti-escape bell mouth (1.121) is provided at the water outlet of the fish pond (1.12); there are multiple first anti-escape bell mouths (1.121), and multiple first anti-escape bell mouths ( 1.121) are arranged side by side and/or stacked; a first fish inlet (1.122) is provided at the end of the first anti-escape bell mouth (1.121) and is located in the fish pond (1.12); There is a second anti-escape bell mouth (1.24) provided on the tail water fish collecting box (1.2), a second fish inlet (1.23) is provided at the end of the second anti-escape bell mouth (1.24), and Located in the tailrace fish collecting box (1.2), the second fish inlet (1.23) faces the outside of the tailrace pipe/tailrace hole (15); The first anti-escape bell mouth (1.121) and the second anti-escape bell mouth (1.24) are both water-permeable grille structures; There is a fish blocking facility (1.14) located at the water inlet of the fish pond (1.12) and between the side wall of the tailrace pipe/tailrace tunnel (15) and the water guide wall (1.11), or between between the side wall of the tailrace channel (16) and the water guide wall (1.11); the fish elevator fish collecting box (1.13) includes a first water retaining baffle (1.131) located at the lower end and a The first water permeable grille (1.132) at the upper end of the water retaining baffle (1.131). There are multiple first water retaining baffles (1.131), and the multiple first water retaining baffles (1.131) surround the upper end opening. It has a square structure; a first lifting eye (1.133) is provided on the fish raising machine and fish collecting box (1.13), and the fish raising machine and fish collecting box (1.13) is connected to the fish collecting machine through the first lifting eye (1.133). On the lifting mechanism (2.1) of the fish lifter; The tailwater fish collecting box (1.2) includes a frame (1.21) and a grille (1.22) provided on the frame (1.21); the frame (1.21) includes a fish collecting frame (1.211) and a guide device (1.212). The guide devices (1.212) are respectively located on both sides of the fish gathering frame (1.211); the fish gathering frame (1.211) includes a fish gathering part frame (1.2111) and a water retaining part frame (1.2112). The water retaining part frame (1.2112) The partial frame (1.2112) is located at the lower end of the fish gathering partial frame (1.2111); There are one or more second anti-escape bell mouths (1.24), one or more second fish inlets (1.23), and second lifting lugs (1.213) are provided on the frame (1.21). There are multiple second lifting lugs (1.213); the tailwater fish collecting box (1.2) is connected to the tailwater fish collecting box lifting mechanism (2.2) through the second lifting lugs (1.213); The water storage part frame (1.2112) is provided with a second water storage baffle (1.25); the water storage part frame (1.2112) and the second water storage baffle (1.25) form a square storage space with an upper end opening. water structure. 2. The comprehensive fish passing facility for high dams according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fish blocking facility (1.14) is at least one of a fish blocking electrode and a grille; the first crane (2.12) is at least It is one of gantry cranes, bridge cranes, jib cranes, cable cranes and truck cranes; the fish lifting box (1.13) is connected to the fish collecting box (1.13) through the first lifting eye (1.133). on the first hook (2.13); the fish elevator fish box (1.13) and the fish pond (1.12) are slidingly connected and positioned through a track or a slider, or connected through a toothed rack and gear. Positioning; the fish collecting box (1.13) of the fish elevator and the rack column (2.11) are slidingly connected and positioned through a track or a slider, or through a toothed connection and positioning through a gear rack. 3. The high dam comprehensive fish passing facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: a water baffle structure (1.26) is provided in the frame (1.21) and is located on the water inlet side of the frame (1.21). There are one or more water barrier structures (1.26), and the water barrier structures (1.26) are arranged horizontally and/or vertically; the guide device (1.212) is at least a slider, a track limiting device, One or more of the gears and racks; the fish gathering frame (1.211) also includes a water passing part frame (1.2113), the water passing part frame (1.2113) is located at two of the fish gathering frames arranged at intervals (1.211), or be located in the fish gathering frame (1.211) and/or be located between the two second fish inlets (1.23) arranged at intervals. 4. The comprehensive fish crossing facility for high dams according to claim 3, characterized in that: the dam transportation system (3) includes a fish transport vehicle (3.1), a fish transport box (3.2) and a fish transport system located in the fish transport box (3.2). In the life support system in 3.2), the fish transport box (3.2) is detachably connected to the fish collecting box (1.13) of the fish lifter that is lifted to the tailrace platform (14) and/or is detachably connected to everything that is lifted to the tailrace platform (14). The tailwater fish collecting box (1.2) is detachably connected; the wharf transfer system (4) includes a wharf (4.1) and a lifting device; the lifting device is at least a tower crane, a gantry crane, a truck crane or a crane installed on the ship. 1. The transport and release system (5) at least includes a transport and release ship (5.1). 5. The fish passing method of the high dam comprehensive fish passing facility according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: it includes the following steps: Step 1: Lure fish After determining the tailrace hole/tailrace pipe (15) for collecting fish, use the tailrace fish collection box lifting mechanism (2.2) to place the tailrace fish collection box (1.2) in the tailrace hole/tailrace through the second cable (2.22). The elevation set in the water pipe (15)/or use the lifting mechanism (2.1) of the fish lift to place the fish collecting box (1.13) of the fish lifting machine at the elevation set in the fish collecting pond (1.12); Step 2: Gather the fish When the fish downstream of the dam (12) migrate upstream along the side of the tailwater area, they migrate upstream along the bottom of the first fish inlet (1.122) of the fish pond (1.12) and are attracted by the water flow released from the first fish inlet (1.122). , and then enter the fish collecting pond (1.12) from the first fish inlet (1.122) through the first anti-escape bell mouth (1.121) and then enter the fish collecting box (1.13) of the fish elevator; And/or when the fish are attracted by the tailwater of the power generation and enter near the mouth of the tailrace/tailrace hole (15), they wait for an opportunity to trace up along the edge of the mouth of the tailrace/tailrace hole (15), and the tailrace fish collecting box (1.2) will Form a flow field that is conducive to the upstream movement of fish. Fish enter the second fish inlet (1.23) along the water outlet and then enter the tailwater fish collecting box (1.2); Step Three: Lift Loading When it is discovered through the underwater camera that a certain number of fish have been collected in the fish collecting box (1.13) of the fish collecting machine on the right bank, the fish lifting machine placed at the bottom of the fish collecting tank (1.12) will be collected by the fish lifting machine lifting mechanism (2.1). The fish box (1.13) is lifted to the tailwater platform (14) along the fish pond (1.12) and racking column (2.11); And/or after the tailwater fish collecting box (1.2) has been operating for a certain period of time, or after a certain number of fish are found to enter the tailwater fish collecting box (1.2) through the underwater camera, the tailwater fish collecting box lifting mechanism (2.2) is used Lift the tailrace fish collecting box (1.2) along the tailrace access door slot (7) to the tailrace platform (14); When the tailrace fish collecting box (1.2) and/or the fish elevator fish collecting box (1.13) is lifted to the tailrace platform (14), the fish transport vehicle (3.1) drives to the tailrace platform (14), and the fish transport box ( 3.2) Connect the tail water fish collecting box (1.2) and/or the fish raising machine fish collecting box (1.13) through the connecting pipe (3.11), and connect the tail water fish collecting box (1.2) and/or the fish raising machine fish collecting box The fish in (1.13) are transferred to the fish transport box (3.2); Step 4: Transport across the dam After the collected fish are loaded, the life support system in the fish transport box (3.2) is turned on to ensure the health of the fish during transportation. The fish transport truck (3.1) transports the fish across the dam through the dam road (13). And delivered to the terminal transfer system (4); Step 5: Terminal transfer After the fish transport vehicle (3.1) transports the fish transport box (3.2) to the transfer dock (4.1), the fish transport box (3.2) is hoisted to the fish transport and release ship (5.1) through the dock lifting device; Step 7: Transport and release After the fish transport box (3.2) is transferred to the fish transport and release vessel (5.1), the fish will be transported to the release location along the established route. After confirming that the release water area is safe, the fish will be released into the river; after the release is completed, the fish will be transported The release boat (5.1) returns to the transfer dock (4.1) to complete the entire fish passing process.