CN109734714B - 一种吴茱萸生物碱衍生物及其合成方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种吴茱萸生物碱衍生物及其合成方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种吴茱萸生物碱衍生物,化学结构式为:
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药化学领域,具体涉及一种具有药理活性的吴茱萸生物碱衍生物及其合成方法和应用。
背景技术
恶性肿瘤是一类威胁人类健康和生命的疾病,目前对恶性肿瘤的治疗常采用手术,放疗,化疗相结合的综合措施。化疗是一种全身性治疗,并可消灭远距离转移的癌细胞,因此在综合治疗中占有重要的地位。但临床上化疗药物存在疗效,副作用以及肿瘤细胞的耐药问题,因此,从不同角度寻找高效低毒的抗肿瘤药物仍是当任之急。
从天然产物(NPs)开发生物活性分子已成为化学药物的重要来源。其中,吴茱萸碱是喹唑啉碳碱类生物碱从吴茱萸果实中分离得到。吴茱萸碱具有多种生物活性,包括抗炎、抗肥胖、抗肿瘤等作用。其中,吴茱萸碱的抗肿瘤活性已被广泛研究。吴茱萸碱通过诱导细胞凋亡表现出对多种人类癌细胞系的细胞毒性。但是,吴茱萸碱抗肿瘤药效(IC50=29μM forMDA-MB-435) 和理化性质有待改善。通过吴茱萸碱的合成及生物活性研究,可以为新型抗肿瘤药物的开发提供了一个良好的起点。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对以上现有技术中存在的缺陷,公开了一种吴茱萸生物碱衍生物,该类化合物在细胞水平上具有与吴茱萸碱等已知抗癌活性化合物相比,活性更高,而且具有抗癌、抗炎、 抗肥胖、抗菌活性,且相对市售抗癌药物毒性更低,更加安全有效。
本发明的另一目的是提供上述一种吴茱萸生物碱衍生物的合成方法。
本发明还有一目的是提供上述一种吴茱萸生物碱衍生物的应用。
为解决本发明的技术问题采用如下技术方案:
一种吴茱萸生物碱衍生物,其化学结构式为:
其中R1代表取代苯基,包括3-氯-2-甲基苯基、2,3-二甲基苯基,或者苯基,R2代表苯环上的取代基,其中R2包括氢原子、甲基或甲氧基,Ar为芳基。
所述吴茱萸生物碱衍生物成盐表示式为吴茱萸生物碱衍生物与盐酸、硫酸、磷酸、甲酸、乙酸、甲磺酸、延胡索酸、枸橼酸、苯磺酸或对甲苯磺酸中的一种或一种以上的混合物形成的盐。
上述吴茱萸生物碱衍生物的合成方法,具体工艺如下:
其中R1分别为苯环上的取代基,R2为苯环上的取代基;Ar为芳基取代基。
式(1)化合物与色胺反应合成式(2),式(2)化合物与色胺在三氟化硼乙醚催化下反应合成式(3)化合物。
上述吴茱萸生物碱衍生物的合成方法,具体步骤如下:
所述式(1)化合物与色胺反应合成式(2)时,反应温度为室温,所述的催化剂为1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐,所述的催化剂为式(1)化合物的摩尔量3倍,所述的三乙胺用量为式(1)化合物的摩尔量的1倍,所用的4-二甲氨基吡啶所用为式(1)化合物的摩尔量的0.1倍,所用到的溶剂为二氯甲烷,用量为式(1)化合物毫摩尔量的0.1倍,反应时间为5小时。
所述式(2)化合物与原甲酸三乙酯下反应合成式(3)时,反应温度为100℃,所述的催化剂为三氟化硼乙醚,所述的催化剂为式(2)化合物的摩尔量0.5倍,所述的原甲酸三乙酯的用量为式(2)化合物的摩尔量的3倍,所用到的溶剂为二甲基甲酰胺,用量为式(2)化合物毫摩尔量的0.1倍,时间为5小时。
根据权利要求1或2所述的吴茱萸生物碱衍生物的应用,其特征在于:所述吴茱萸生物碱衍生物抗癌活性显著。
根据权利要求1或2所述的吴茱萸生物碱衍生物的应用,其特征在于:所述吴茱萸生物碱衍生物具有周期阻滞作用,具有抗肿瘤的作用。
根据权利要求1或2所述的吴茱萸生物碱衍生物的应用,其特征在于:所述吴茱萸生物碱衍生物用于嘌呤能受体 P2X4 和 NF-κB 因子,具有抗炎作用。
根据权利要求1或2所述的吴茱萸生物碱衍生物的应用,其特征在于:所述吴茱萸生物碱衍生物通过抑制细菌Topo I 发挥抑制细菌生长的作用。
根据权利要求1或2所述的吴茱萸生物碱衍生物的应用,其特征在于:所述吴茱萸生物碱衍生物具有抗肥胖作用。
本发明公开了一种吴茱萸生物碱衍生物,该类化合物在细胞水平上具有与吴茱萸碱等已知抗癌活性化合物相当,甚至更高活性,本发明所公开的吴茱萸生物碱衍生物合成条件温和,对水、氧气等不敏感;反应原料易得、价格低廉。操作简单,产物容易分离、纯化,收率高,易于工业化生产等优点。
本发明所制得的吴茱萸生物碱衍生物通过 MTT 法测定其对肿瘤细胞株和正常细胞株的增殖抑制作用。结果表明,所公开的多数化合物对癌症细胞株如人胃癌细胞 SGC-7901,人早幼粒急性白血病细胞株,人非小细胞肺癌细胞 A549, 人肝癌细胞株 SMMC-7721, 人结肠癌细胞 HCT116, 人乳腺癌细胞株 MCF-7, 人宫颈癌细胞株 Hela, 人肝癌细胞株 HepG2, 人结肠癌细胞LOVO, 人口腔鳞癌细胞 Cal-27。该类化合物结构较为新颖,抗癌活性显著。化合物的部分抗癌IC50值见表1.
表 1. 吴茱萸碱衍生物的体外抗癌活性 (IC50, µM).
本发明所制得的部分吴茱萸生物碱衍生物经琼脂糖凝胶电泳实验测的为 Topo I的催化性抑制的作用。
本发明所制得的部分吴茱萸生物碱经流式细胞仪检测显示具有周期阻滞作用,使癌症细胞如 HL-60 等停留在G2/M期,从而达到抗肿瘤的作用。
本发明所制的部分吴茱萸生物碱衍生物经流式细胞仪检测显示,该类化合物具有诱导癌症细胞凋亡的作用。经 western blot 实验证实,该类化合物通过两类凋亡途径起作用。一种是由死亡受体激活的外部凋亡途径,激活起始凋亡蛋白caspase-8;另一种是由各类应激因素引起的内部线粒体凋亡途径,该途径会促进线粒体释放细胞色素C, 激活起始凋亡蛋白caspase-9。此外,线粒体凋亡途径还收到促凋亡蛋白(Bax, Bak, Bid, Smac等)和抗凋亡蛋白(Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Mcl-1 等的调控。 而本发明所制的吴茱萸碱衍生物也能通过破坏促凋亡蛋白和抗凋亡蛋白之间的平衡,如减少Bcl-2的浓度,增加 Bax 的浓度,从而诱导细胞凋亡。
本发明所制的部分吴茱萸生物碱衍生物可以下调由NF-κB调节的下游产物(COX-2)的表达, 和通过JAK2/STAT3的通路下调基质金属蛋白酶家族(MMP-3)的表达,从而抑制人非小细胞肺癌细胞 A549的转移。通过癌症细胞迁移实验和侵袭实验可以证实。
本发明所制的部分吴茱萸生物碱衍生物可以通过抑制微管蛋白的聚合,从而阻滞癌症细胞周期,使癌症细胞凋亡。
本发明所制的部分吴茱萸生物碱衍生物可以用于嘌呤能受体P2X4和NF-κB因子,下调它们的表达,从而起到抗炎作用。在脂多糖(LPS)诱导的小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7细胞株模型中,该类化合物可以浓度依赖地抑制一氧化氮,COX-2, 白介素6,肿瘤坏死因子TNF-α的产生,而且可以增加抗炎因子白介素10的产生,从而起到抗炎作用。
本发明所制的部分吴茱萸生物碱衍生物具有抗菌作用,有对多药耐药的革兰阴性菌克雷伯菌也具有显著的抑制作用。且通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳实验研究发现,本发明所制的部分吴茱萸生物碱衍生物通过抑制细菌Topo I 发挥抑制细菌生长的作用。
本发明所制的部分吴茱萸生物碱衍生物通过营养性肥胖动物模型(Animal modelof Obesity)具有抗肥胖作用。
本发明所制的部分吴茱萸生物碱衍生物通过乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂筛选模型,测的半数抑制浓度10-50μM, 丁酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂筛选模型测得浓度IC50=20 -50μM。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种吴茱萸生物碱衍生物的合成方法,具体步骤为:在室温条件下,将式(1)化合物213mg (1mmol),色胺162mg (1mmol),1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐573mg(3mmol),三乙胺101mg(1mmol), 4-二甲氨基吡啶12.2mg(0.1mmol),溶于二氯甲烷10mL,反应5小时,经过萃取柱层析分离得到产物N-(2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)-2-aminobenzamide(335mg,产率90%)。
将原甲酸三乙酯444mg (3mmol),N-(2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)-2-aminobenzamide 355mg(1mmol),三氟化硼乙醚70.5mg(0.5mmol)溶于10mL二甲基甲酰胺。反应持续5小时,反应温度为100℃,反应结束后,经过萃取柱层析分离得到产物2a
(R)-14-phenyl-8,13,13b,14-tetrahydroindolo[2',3':3,4]pyrido[2,1-b]quinazolin-5(7H)-one(328mg,产率90%),其化学结构式为:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 11.30 (s, 1H), 7.84 (dd, J = 7.9, 1.6 Hz,1H), 7.45 – 7.30 (m, 5H), 7.29 – 7.23 (m, 2H), 7.17 – 7.00 (m, 4H), 6.95 (t,J = 7.4 Hz, 1H), 6.61 (s, 1H), 4.59 (dd, J = 13.1, 5.8 Hz, 1H), 3.41 (d, J =7.8 Hz, 1H), 2.90 (dddd, J = 17.4, 11.5, 6.1, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 2.64 (dd, J =15.7, 4.8 Hz, 1H). 13C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO) δ 165.0, 146.8, 144.9, 136.5,133.6, 132.6, 129.6, 128.4, 126.9, 124.9, 124.0, 122.6, 122.0, 121.5, 121.2,119.3, 118.4, 112.2, 111.6, 72.3, 43.0, 19.6. HRMS (ESI) m/z calcd forC24H20N3O+ (M+H)+ 366.1601, found 366.1603。
实施例2
一种吴茱萸生物碱衍生物的合成方法,具体步骤为:在室温条件下,将式(1)化合物213mg (1mmol),色胺162mg (1mmol),1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐573mg(3mmol),三乙胺101mg(1mmol), 4-二甲氨基吡啶12.2mg(0.1mmol),溶于二氯甲烷10mL,反应5小时,经过萃取柱层析分离得到产物N-(2-(5-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)-2-(phenylamino)benzamide (348mg,产率90%)。
将原甲酸三乙酯444mg (3mmol),
N-(2-(5-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)-2-(phenylamino)benzamide369mg(1mmol),三氟化硼乙醚70.5mg(0.5mmol)溶于10mL二甲基甲酰胺。反应持续5小时,反应温度为100℃,反应结束后,经过萃取柱层析分离得到产物2 b
(R)-10-methyl-14-phenyl-8,13,13b,14-tetrahydroindolo[2',3':3,4]pyrido[2,1-b]quinazolin-5(7H)-one(345mg,产率91%),其化学结构式为:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ 11.12 (s, 1H), 7.85 (dd, J = 7.8, 1.2 Hz,1H), 7.46 – 7.39 (m, 1H), 7.34 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.25 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H),7.20 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.14 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.12 – 7.07 (m, 1H), 7.03(t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1H), 6.59 (s, 1H), 4.58 (dd, J =13.1, 5.6 Hz, 1H), 3.40 (dd, J = 12.4, 4.7 Hz, 1H), 2.93 – 2.81 (m, 1H), 2.61(dd, J = 15.4, 4.4 Hz, 1H), 2.33 (s, 3H). 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 165.0,146.8, 144.9, 134.9, 133.6, 132.6, 129.7, 128.4, 127.8, 127.2, 124.9, 124.0,123.7, 122.6, 121.5, 121.3, 118.1, 111.9, 111.2, 72.4, 43.0, 21.6, 19.6. HRMS(ESI) m/z calcd for C25H21N3O+(M+H)+ 379.1685, found 379.1684。
实施例3
一种吴茱萸生物碱衍生物的合成方法,具体步骤为:在室温条件下,将式(1)化合物213mg (1mmol),色胺162mg (1mmol),1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐573mg(3mmol),三乙胺101mg(1mmol), 4-二甲氨基吡啶12.2mg(0.1mmol),溶于二氯甲烷10mL,反应5小时,经过萃取柱层析分离得到产物N-(2-(5-methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)-2-(phenylamino)benzamide (362mg,产率90%)。
将原甲酸三乙酯444mg (3mmol),
N-(2-(5-methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)-2-(phenylamino)benzamide385mg(1mmol),三氟化硼乙醚70.5mg(0.5mmol)溶于10mL二甲基甲酰胺。反应持续5小时,反应温度为100℃,反应结束后,经过萃取柱层析分离得到产物2c
(R)-10-methoxy-14-phenyl-8,13,13b,14-tetrahydroindolo[2',3':3,4]pyrido[2,1-b]quinazolin-5(7H)-one(367mg,产率93%),其化学结构式为:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ 11.09 (s, 1H), 7.84 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H),7.46 – 7.39 (m, 1H), 7.34 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.25 (d, J = 7.4 Hz, 2H), 7.20(d, J = 8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.17 – 7.11 (m, 1H), 7.09 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.03 (t,J = 7.1 Hz, 1H), 6.87 (s, 1H), 6.70 (d, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H), 6.58 (s, 1H), 4.58(dd, J = 12.5, 5.2 Hz, 1H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 3.38 (s, 1H), 2.88 (s, 1H), 2.61(d, J = 12.2 Hz, 1H). 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 165.0, 153.7, 146.8, 144.8,133.6, 133.3, 131.6, 129.7, 128.4, 127.3, 124.9, 124.0, 122.6, 121.5, 121.2,112.9, 112.2, 111.5, 100.3, 72.4, 55.76, 43.0, 19.7. HRMS (ESI) m/z calcd forC25H22N3O2 + (M+H)+ 396.1707, found 396.1709。
实施例4
一种吴茱萸生物碱衍生物的合成方法,具体步骤为:在室温条件下,将式(1)化合物213mg (1mmol),色胺162mg (1mmol),1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐573mg(3mmol),三乙胺101mg(1mmol), 4-二甲氨基吡啶12.2mg(0.1mmol),溶于二氯甲烷10mL,反应5小时,经过萃取柱层析分离得到产物N-(2-(5-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)-2-(phenylamino)benzamide (366mg,产率90%)。
将原甲酸三乙酯444mg (3mmol),
N-(2-(5-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)-2-(phenylamino)benzamide 390mg(1mmol),三氟化硼乙醚70.5mg(0.5mmol)溶于10mL二甲基甲酰胺。反应持续5小时,反应温度为100℃,反应结束后,经过萃取柱层析分离得到产物2d
(R)-10-chloro-14-phenyl-8,13,13b,14-tetrahydroindolo[2',3':3,4]pyrido[2,1-b]quinazolin-5(7H)-one(283mg,产率71%),其化学结构式为:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 11.49 (s, 1H), 7.84 (dd, J = 7.8, 1.7 Hz,1H), 7.47 – 7.40 (m, 2H), 7.39 – 7.29 (m, 3H), 7.29 – 7.23 (m, 2H), 7.17 –7.01 (m, 4H), 6.63 (s, 1H), 4.58 (dd, J = 13.2, 5.8 Hz, 1H), 3.49 – 3.34 (m,1H), 2.94 – 2.80 (m, 1H), 2.64 (dd, J = 15.7, 4.9 Hz, 1H). 13C NMR (101 MHz,DMSO) δ 164.9, 146.7, 144.7, 134.9, 134.6, 133.7, 129.7, 128.4, 128.0, 124.9,123.93, 123.9, 122.7, 122.0, 121.5, 121.1, 117.8, 113.6, 111.5, 72.1, 42.8,19.4.HRMS (ESI) m/z calcd for C24H19ClN3O+ (M+H)+ 400.1211, found 400.1214。
实施例5
一种吴茱萸生物碱衍生物的合成方法,具体步骤为:在室温条件下,将式(1)化合物213mg (1mmol),色胺162mg (1mmol),1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐573mg(3mmol),三乙胺101mg(1mmol), 4-二甲氨基吡啶12.2mg(0.1mmol),溶于二氯甲烷10mL,反应5小时,经过萃取柱层析分离得到产物
N-(2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)-2-((2,3-dimethylphenyl)amino)benzamide(335mg,产率90%)。
将原甲酸三乙酯444mg (3mmol),
N-(2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)-2-((2,3-dimethylphenyl)amino)benzamide383mg(1mmol),三氟化硼乙醚70.5mg(0.5mmol)溶于10mL二甲基甲酰胺。反应持续5小时,反应温度为100℃,反应结束后,经过萃取柱层析分离得到产物2e
(R)-14-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)-8,13,13b,14-tetrahydroindolo[2',3':3,4]pyrido[2,1-b]quinazolin-5(7H)-one(369mg,产率94%),其化学结构式为:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.82 (s, 1H), 7.83 (dd, J = 31.6, 7.9Hz, 1H), 7.54 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.33 (ddt, J = 28.2, 20.7, 8.4 Hz, 3H),7.17 (dt, J = 13.6, 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.10 – 6.93 (m, 3H), 6.87 (t, J = 7.6 Hz,1H), 6.54 (dd, J = 20.6, 8.3 Hz, 1H), 6.35 (d, J = 59.1 Hz, 1H), 4.63 (dd, J= 13.2, 5.7 Hz, 1H), 3.32 – 3.12 (m, 1H), 3.10 – 2.88 (m, 1H), 2.80 – 2.61(m, 1H), 2.27 – 2.10 (m, 6H). 13C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO) δ 165.6, 147.0, 143.7,138.9, 136.5, 135.2, 133.92, 132.5, 129.3, 128.5, 127.9, 127.5, 127.0, 126.7,122.1, 120.3, 119.3, 118.4, 118.1, 112.0, 71.7, 60.2, 42.6, 20.7, 15.4. HRMS(ESI) m/z calcd for C26H24N3O+ (M+H)+ 394.1914, found 394.1911。
实施例6
一种吴茱萸生物碱衍生物的合成方法,具体步骤为:在室温条件下,将式(1)化合物213mg (1mmol),色胺162mg (1mmol),1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐573mg(3mmol),三乙胺101mg(1mmol), 4-二甲氨基吡啶12.2mg(0.1mmol),溶于二氯甲烷10mL,反应5小时,经过萃取柱层析分离得到产物
N-(2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)-2-((3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)amino)benzamide (335mg,产率90%)。
将原甲酸三乙酯444mg (3mmol),
N-(2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)-2-((3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)amino)benzamide404mg(1mmol),三氟化硼乙醚70.5mg(0.5mmol)溶于10mL二甲基甲酰胺。反应持续5小时,反应温度为100℃,反应结束后,经过萃取柱层析分离得到产物2f
(R)-14-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-8,13,13b,14-tetrahydroindolo[2',3':3,4]pyrido[2,1-b]quinazolin-5(7H)-one(372mg,产率90%),其化学结构式为:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.91 (d, J = 19.8 Hz, 1H), 7.86 (dd, J =18.0, 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.39 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.34(d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 7.28 (t, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.18 (dd, J = 20.8, 7.9 Hz,1H), 7.01 (dt, J = 37.2, 7.1 Hz, 3H), 6.63 (dd, J = 23.3, 8.2 Hz, 1H), 6.42(d, J = 67.4 Hz, 1H), 4.64 (dd, J = 13.7, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 3.26 (s, 1H), 2.95 (s,1H), 2.71 (td, J = 15.4, 4.4 Hz, 1H), 2.34 (d, J = 24.7 Hz, 3H). 13C NMR (101MHz, DMSO) δ 165.3, 146.7, 145.2, 135.1, 134.1, 134.0, 131.7, 129.2, 128.7,128.1, 127.9, 126.8, 122.3, 121.3, 120.9, 119.4, 118.7, 112.3, 100.0, 71.1,42.4, 19.5, 16.7. HRMS (ESI) m/z calcd for C25H21ClN3O+ (M+H)+ 414.1368, found414.1369。
实施例7
一种吴茱萸生物碱衍生物的合成方法,具体步骤为:在室温条件下,将式(1)化合物213mg (1mmol),色胺162mg (1mmol),1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐573mg(3mmol),三乙胺101mg(1mmol), 4-二甲氨基吡啶12.2mg(0.1mmol),溶于二氯甲烷10mL,反应5小时,经过萃取柱层析分离得到产物N-(2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)-3-hydroxy-2-naphthamide (394mg,产率90%)。
将原甲酸三乙酯444mg (3mmol),
N-(2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)-3-hydroxy-2-naphthamide330mg(1mmol),三氟化硼乙醚70.5mg(0.5mmol)溶于10mL二甲基甲酰胺。反应持续5小时,反应温度为100℃,反应结束后,经过萃取柱层析分离得到产物2q
(S)-5,6,15a,16-tetrahydro-8H-naphtho[2'',3'':5',6'][1,3]oxazino[3',2':1,2]pyrido[3,4-b]indol-8-one(258mg,产率76%),其化学结构式为:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 11.59 (s, 1H), 8.62 (s, 1H), 8.12 (d, J =8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.96 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.60 (q, J = 6.9, 6.5 Hz, 3H), 7.47(dd, J = 14.6, 7.7 Hz, 2H), 7.20 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.07 (t, J = 7.4 Hz,1H), 6.78 (s, 1H), 4.84 (dd, J = 13.4, 4.4 Hz, 1H), 3.28 (td, J = 12.3, 4.9Hz, 1H), 2.93 (d, J = 15.9 Hz, 2H). 13C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO) δ 162.6, 153.2,137.5, 136.5, 130.1, 129.8, 129.4, 129.2, 128.1, 127.3, 125.7, 125.6, 123.1,119.5, 119.5, 119.4, 112.3, 112.2, 112.2, 81.7, 20.4. HRMS (ESI) m/z calcdfor C22H16N2O2 + (M+H)+ 340.1212, found 340.1212。
实施例8
MTT肿瘤药物敏感试验的方法学研究
将处于对数生长期的人胃癌细胞 SGC-7901,人早幼粒急性白血病细胞株,小鼠淋巴白血病L1210细胞系,人非小细胞肺癌细胞 A549, 人肝癌细胞株 SMMC-7721, 人结肠癌细胞 HCT116, 人乳腺癌细胞株 MCF-7, 人宫颈癌细胞株 Hela, 人肝癌细胞株 HepG2,人结肠癌细胞LOVO, 人口腔鳞癌细胞 Cal-27,人口腔癌KB细胞系,细胞分别稀释成不同浓度, 加入到96 孔细胞培养板中, 每孔100μl, 然后每孔加入待测样品20μl, 置于37℃、5%CO2孵箱中, 培养一定时间, 加MTT溶液,每孔20μl, 继续培养一定时间后, 离心1000rpm,15min, 弃上清, 轻轻扣板于滤纸上, 吸去多余液体。每孔加入DMSO100μl, 振荡混匀后,于酶标分析仪, 在单波长570nm处测其OD值, 计算结果,发现样品有一定的抗癌活性。
对于 HL-60, HCT-116易洗掉甲瓒的细胞,采用改良版的XTT实验进行测定。
实施例 9
流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡
试验方法:
细胞凋亡早期改变发生在细胞膜表面,目前早期识别仍有困难。这些细胞膜表面的改变之一是磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)从细胞膜内转移到细胞膜外,使PS暴露在细胞膜外表面。PS是一种带负电荷的磷脂,正常主要存在于细胞膜的内面,在细胞发生凋亡时细胞膜上的这种磷脂分布的不对称性被破坏而使PS暴露在细胞膜外。Annexin V是一种Ca依赖的磷脂结合蛋白,最初发现是一种具有很强的抗凝血特性的血管蛋白,Annexin V具有易于结合到磷脂类如PS的特性。对PS有高度的亲和性。因此,该蛋白可充当一敏感的探针检测暴露在细胞膜表面的PS。PS转移到细胞膜外不是凋亡所独特的,也可发生在细胞坏死中。两种细胞死亡方式间的差别是在凋亡的初始阶段细胞膜是完好的,而细胞坏死在其早期阶段细胞膜的完整性就破坏了。因此,可以建立一种用Annexin V结合在细胞膜表面作为凋亡的指示并结合一种染料排除试验以检测细胞膜的完整性的检测方法。
一、.细胞收集
1.悬浮细胞直接收集到10 ml的离心管中,每样本细胞数为(1-5)×106/ml;
2.500-1 000 r/min离心5 min,弃去培养液。
二、细胞洗涤
1.用孵育缓冲液洗涤1次;
2.500-1000r/min离心5min。
三、细胞标记
1.用100 ul的标记溶液重悬细胞;
2.室温下避光孵育10-15min;
3.500-1 000 r/min离心5 min沉淀细胞孵育缓冲液洗1次;
4.加入荧光(SA-FLOUS)溶液4℃下孵育20 min,避光并不时振动。
四、流式细胞仪分析
流式细胞仪激发光波长用488 nm,用一波长为515 nm的通带滤器检测FITC荧光,另一波长大于560 nm的滤器检测PI。
五、结果判断
凋亡细胞对所有用于细胞活性鉴定的染料如PI有抗染性,坏死细胞则不能。细胞膜有损伤的细胞的DNA可被PI着染产生红色荧光,而细胞膜保持完好的细胞则不会有红色荧光产生。因此,在细胞凋亡的早期PI不会着染而没有红色荧光信号。正常活细胞与此相似。在双变量流式细胞仪的散点图上,左下象限显示活细胞,为(FITC-/PI-);右上象限是非活细胞,即坏死细胞,为(FITC+/PI+);而右下象限为凋亡细胞,显现(FITC+/PI-)。
当用这种方法进行试验时,本发明的某些化合物可以表现阻滞细胞周期的作用。
实施例 10
流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡
细胞周期是指连续分裂细胞从一次有丝分裂结束到下一次有丝分裂结束所经历的整个过程。在这个过程中,细胞遗传物质复制并加倍,且在分裂结束时平均分配到两个子细胞中去。细胞周期又可以分为间期和有丝分裂期,细胞间期常划分为休眠期(G0),DNA 合成前期(G1),DNA 合成期(S),DNA 合成后期 (G2),整个周期可表示为 G1→S→G2→M。DNA周期检测可用来反应细胞周期的各个期的状况,即细胞增殖状况。利用细胞内 DNA 能够和荧光染料(如碘化丙啶 PI)结合的特性,细胞各个时期其 DNA 量不同从而结合的荧光染料不同,流式细胞仪检测的荧光强度也不一样。 细胞发生凋亡时,由于胞浆和染色质浓缩,核裂解,产生凋亡小体,使细胞的光散射性质发生变化。在细胞凋亡的早期,细胞对前向角光散射的能力显著降低,对 90°角光散射的能力增加或没有变化。在细胞凋亡的晚期,前向角和 90°角光散射的信号均降低。因此可以通过流式细胞仪测定细胞光散射的变化来观察凋亡细胞。用 PI 对细胞进行染色,凋亡细胞由于总 DNA 量降低,于正常 G0/G1 细胞群前出现 DNA 低染细 胞群,即 G1峰前出现亚二倍体峰(sub-G1),即细胞凋亡群。
1.用适当的方法诱导细胞凋亡,同时设立阴性对照组,并收集细胞。
2. 用 PBS 洗涤细胞一次,1500rpm,5min 离心收集,调整细胞浓度为 1×106/ml,取 1ml 单细胞悬液。
3. 制备的单细胞悬液离心后,去除上清,在细胞中加入 70%预冷乙醇 500ul 固定 2 小时至过夜,4℃保存,染色前用 PBS 洗去固定液;如需要,细胞悬液可用 200 目细胞筛网过滤一次。
4. 细胞沉淀中加 100µl RNase A 溶液,重悬细胞,37℃水浴 30min。
5. 再加入 400µl PI 染色液混匀,4℃避光孵育 30min。
6. 上机检测,记录激发波长 488nm 处红色荧光。
当用这种方法进行试验时,本发明的某些化合物可以表现诱导细胞凋亡的作用。
实施例 11
微管蛋白抑制剂筛选实验:
微管是构成真核细胞骨架的主要成分,由管蛋白(tubulin)和相关蛋白组成。微管在细胞形态的维持,细胞分裂,运动,神经传导中起到重要的作用。微管对物理条件如温度及化学物质如钙离子和药物作用很敏感。现有的抗癌药物如秋水仙碱,长春新碱可以使微管解聚,抑制其体内聚合。紫杉醇则抑制微管解聚,促进微管体外聚合。
抗微管药物的筛选:微管蛋白的聚合-解聚曲线是特征性的S型及倒S型。蛋白浓度相同和其他实验条件相同的情况下,曲线的形状和坪高是可以重复的。不同的干扰微管的药物对上述曲线有不同的影响。坪值随之改变。微管蛋白抑制实验可参照文献:Shelanski,M. L. , F. Gaskin , and C. R. Cantor . "Microtubule Assembly in the Absenceof Added Nucleotides." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 70.3(1973):765-768. 纯化脑小管蛋白聚合试剂盒购自Cytoskeleton (BK006P, Denver, CO.)。最后分析缓冲区包含0.1M MES (pH值6.6), 10 mM MgCl2, 1mM GTP, 1 mM EGTA, 和3.4 M甘油被冷却到0℃。添加不同浓化合物度,然后,加入微管蛋白至终浓度为10mM.开始反应。之后加热到37℃。选择秋水仙碱作为阳性对照。在酶标仪中,在340nM处检测OD值。每隔1分钟,测量15-30min处的光密度值。两次测定,取平均数据计算IC50值并作图。
当用这种方法进行试验时,本发明的某些化合物可以抑制微管蛋白的作用。
实施例 12
拓扑异构酶制剂筛选实验:
DNA拓扑异构酶在DNA形成环状和超螺旋结构中起重要作用。另一方面在DNA超螺旋结构的松懈、DNA单、双链的断裂以至再连接的过程均有赖于该酶的参与,从而使DNA的复制或重组成为可能,关于抗癌药如烃化剂和非烃化剂,其中许多是以DNA拓扑异构酶为靶点使之形成可断裂的DNA蛋白复合物从而引起DNA损伤,这是近年来发展起来的一个新的研究领域。
拓扑异构酶 1 抑制实验:35mM 的Tris-HCl (PH=8.0) ,72mM的 KCl, 5mM MgCl2 , 5mM的二硫苏糖醇, 5mM的亚精胺,0.1%的BSA, pBR322 plasmid DNA (0.25 μg), 药物DMSO(1%)的水溶液,1U 的拓扑异构酶I(大连宝日医生物有限公司),终体积为20uL.混合物在37℃和孵化15分钟,加2μL 10×缓冲液(0.9%十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS),0.05%溴酚蓝,和50%甘油)。在0.8%的琼脂糖凝胶电泳进行以8 V /厘米的速度电泳1 h。凝胶被溴化乙锭染色(0.5μg /毫升)60分钟,DNA的条带在成像仪(天能)成像。
拓扑异构酶 2 抑制实验:50mM 的Tris-HCl (PH=8.0) ,150mM的 NaCl, 10mMMgCl2 , 5mM的二硫苏糖醇, 5mM的亚精胺,30ug/mL 的BSA,2mM ATP, pBR322 plasmid DNA(0.25 μg), 药物DMSO(1%)的水溶液,0.75U 的拓扑异构酶2(TopoGEN 公司.),终体积为20uL.混合物在37℃和孵化30分钟,之后加2uL 的10% SDS停止反应。 加2μL 10×缓冲液(50%十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS),0.25%溴酚蓝,和50%丙三醇)。在1%的琼脂糖凝胶电泳进行以8V /厘米的速度电泳1 h。凝胶被溴化乙锭染色(0.5μg /毫升)60分钟, DNA的条带在成像仪(天能)成像。
当用这种方法进行试验时,本发明的某些化合物可以抑制拓扑异构酶的作用。
实施例 13
体内抗肿瘤筛选实验
选择2 mg/kg剂量的化合物 2b 进行体内评价抗肿瘤活性。以0.5 mg/kg的TPT为对照。选择BALB / C 雄性裸鼠(重达18−20 g) 为实验对象,把肺癌细胞 A549 悬液,将结肠癌细胞HCT116 悬液,或将对数生长期的 HL-60 细胞悬液,取0.2mL植入裸鼠右腋窝区域皮下。当植入肿瘤的体积已经达到了大约 100−300 mm3 开始治疗 (17天之后)。取肿瘤无自发性出血,坏死及感染灶的裸鼠为实验对象,随机分为6组,(6只/实验组)和(10只动物/对照组),给予每一次腹腔注射,连续5天。第一次给药后观察,持续15天以上。肿瘤体积用长度卡尺测量,肿瘤体积公式计算= 1/2×a×b2, a为肿瘤长度,b为宽度。机体在治疗过程中,每4天监测一次体重和肿瘤体积。在细胞植入后30天−33天,处死老鼠,取出肿瘤并记录分析。
实施例 14
Western blot 研究凋亡蛋白和周期蛋白表达实验
A549, HL-60 细胞调成 5×103个/mL 接种于六孔板中。培养24小时后,用浓度为(0, 20μM, 100μM) 的 2b 分别处理 72h。用高效 RIPA 裂解液(货号:R0010)裂解10min。总蛋白通过离心(12000g在4°C)20分钟。蛋白浓度用 BCA 法进行定量。等量的蛋白质(30μg)在10%或12%分离SDS-PADE凝胶进行电泳。之后转膜 (PVDF)膜 (美国)。用(TBST脱脂奶粉5%)在室温下封闭2 h, 然后用一抗(caspase-3, Bax, bcl-2, Birn, Akt, p-Akt, P16,P21,NF-κB, p-NF-κB, CDK1, PI-3, PARP, p-PI-3, p-PARP) 稀溶液(1:500 1:1000)于4℃过夜孵化。之后与适当的二次抗体(ZSGB-BIO,北京)(1:5000 1:10,000稀释)孵育,把β-Actin(ZSGB-BIO,北京)作为对照。利用凝胶成像系统(天能)进行显影。
实施例 15
脂多糖诱导的小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7炎症模型抗炎作用的测定
RAW264.7 细胞培养于DMEM 完全培养基(10% FBS,100 IU·mL-1 Penicillin G+100 μg·mL -1Streptomycin),5% CO2,37℃培养箱常规培养。实验分为正常组(无血清培养基孵育),模型组(1μg·mL-1 LPS 孵育),阳性药组(美洛昔康+1 μg·mL-1 LPS),给药组(25μM、50 μM 样品+1 μg·mL-1 LPS)。样品均用DMSO 新鲜配制,终浓度为0.1%(v/v),对照组也给予等量的DMSO。
(1)细胞活力检测(MTT 法)。RAW264.7 细胞计数(1×105)并种植于96 孔培养板,培养24 h。用不同浓度的样品(0,5,25,50,75,100 μM)孵育细胞4 h,随后加入LPS(1 μg·mL-1)刺激24 h。MTT 检测按照说明书的步骤进行,酶标仪570 nm 下检测OD 值。采用MTT法检测,各组细胞均能保持较好的活力,没有明显的细胞毒性。该实验为后续研究中药剂量的选择提供了实验依据
(2)活性氧水平检测采用活性氧检测试剂盒(DCFH-DA 探针法),用激光共聚焦显微镜在激发波长502 nm 及发射波长530 nm 附近探测荧光强度。具体方法按照试剂盒说明书的步骤进行。在样品的作用下,样品对活性氧的表达均表现为明显的抑制作用, 并成浓度依赖性。
(3)NO 含量检测。采用Griess 试剂法,用酶标仪在550 nm 处检测OD 值,具体方法参照试剂说明书的步骤进行。在样品的作用下,样品对NO的表达均表现为明显的抑制作用, 并成浓度依赖性。
(4)T-NOS 含量检测各组RAW264.7 细胞经超声裂解后,3 000 rpm离心10 min,取上清,采用化学比色法测定上清液中T-NOS 的含量,具体步骤参照试剂说明书进行。在样品的作用下,样品对 T-NOS 的表达均表现为明显的抑制作用, 并成浓度依赖性。
(5)ELISA 测定细胞上清中TNF-α,IL-6,PGE2 的含量。取出各组细胞上清液,按照ELISA 试剂盒中说明书的要求进行操作,最后使用酶标仪进行检测,测得的数据经电脑软件处理。在样品的作用下,随着样品浓度的增强,样品对TNF-α,IL-6,PGE2 的表达均表现为明显的抑制作用。
(6)RT-PCR 测定细胞中TNF-α、IL-6、Jak2、Stat3 mRNA 的含量实验分组同上。收集细胞,按 TRIzol 试剂盒操作说明书提取细胞总RNA,凝胶电泳判断有无降解。应用RT-PCR 试剂盒,按其操作程序取6 μl RNA 反转录成cDNA,取1 μl cDNA 进行PCR 反应。取PCR反应产物5 μl,加6 × loading buffer 1 μl,经1. 5%琼脂糖凝胶( 含EB 0. 5 μg /ml)电泳30 min( 80 V) ,图像分析仪采集图像,以内参β-actin 为基准分析,即以扩增目的片段β actin 的灰度比值表示所扩增目的基因片段的相对表达水平,试验重复3 次。根据GenBank 登录的TNF-α、IL-6、Stat3、Jak2、β-actin 核苷酸序列设计引物。在样品的作用下,样品对 TNF-α、IL-6、Jak2、Stat3 mRNA 的含量的表达均表现为明显的抑制作用, 并成浓度依赖性。
(7)胞核NF-κB p65 蛋白表达的检测。NF-κB是早期核转录因子,参与免疫反应的早期和炎症反应各阶段的许多分子都受NF-κB 的调控,在静息状态下,NF-κB和IκB 形成复合体存在于胞浆中。当受到刺激后,IκB 激酶复合体(IκB kinase,IKK) 活化将IκB 磷酸化,使NF-κB与IκB 解离,游离的NF-κB 迅速移位到细胞核,诱导相关基因转录。本实验采用Western blot 检测胞核NF-κB p65 蛋白表达,结果显示,当RAW264. 7细胞受到LPS 刺激后,胞核内NF-κB p65 表达升高,说明NF-κB 被激活并发生了核移位,而给药组各剂量组均能抑制NF-κB p65蛋白的表达(P < 0. 05 或P < 0. 01),抑制核移位,提示该类化合物可能是通过NF-κB 通路发挥抗炎保护作用的。
(8)数据分析及统计学处理。采用SPSS11.0 软件进行单因素方差分析,组间比较采用Student’s-t 检验,数据以均数±标准差(x ± s)表示。
实施例 16
饮食诱导的营养性肥胖小鼠模型
肥胖的发生是机体能量代谢失调的结果,其确切发病机制尚未完全明了,目前认为与遗传、中枢神经系统异常、内分泌功能紊乱、代谢因素和营养不平衡等有关,与环境因素也有密切关系。营养性肥胖是肥胖病的一种。目前,对饮食诱导的肥胖动物模型研究屡有报道。其中,饮食诱导的肥胖小鼠模型,由高脂食物提供的热量超过体内各种代谢过程的需要,使过多的热量转化为脂肪积聚而引起肥胖。
适合品系的小鼠,饲喂高脂饲料导致肥胖的产生。饮食诱导的肥胖型大鼠和小鼠模型,主要是由于摄入过多的由高脂食物提供的卡路里导致的肥胖,更加类似于人类肥胖疾病。通过判断血清甘油三酯,磷酯,总胆固醇及游离脂肪酸显著增加,判断造模成功,通过判单这些指标的下降,判断该类化合物有抗肥胖的作用。
实施例 17
急性毒性试验的测定
对化合物的急性毒性进行了研究。每组3只动物,分别给予剂量为2000mg。在开始的4小时内,这些动物被持续观察,以确定是否有毒性。此后,在24小时内每隔一段时间观察这些动物,然后在接下来的7天内每天观察一次。7天后,给药组全部存活,LD50>2000mg/kg。与对照组相比,肝脏、肾脏和心脏的组织病理学研究均未明显的病理变化。而吴茱萸碱毒性数据为LD50=77mg/kg(小鼠,静脉注射),可见该类化合物比吴茱萸碱的毒性较低,更加安全。
实施例 18
抗菌活性的测定
MIC法:将不同浓度的抗菌药物分别加入溶化并冷却至45℃的定量琼脂培养基中,混匀,倾注平板,即为含有药物浓度递减的培养基,将28株细菌点种平板,经培养后,观察被检菌在不同药物浓度中的生长情况。该类化合物第1板浓度为128 μg/ml,依次倍比稀释至12板,浓度为0.0625 mg/L;第13板为无药对照。阳性对照环丙沙星各管浓度稀释同上;选3株对两药均敏感的葡萄球菌,按标准棋盘法操作。结果显示,该类化合物具有抗菌的作用。
Claims (4)
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种吴茱萸生物碱衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于:所述式(1)化合物与色胺衍生物反应合成式(2)时,反应温度为室温,催化剂为1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐,催化剂的用量为式(1)化合物摩尔量的3倍;三乙胺用量为式(1)化合物的摩尔量的1倍,所用的4-二甲氨基吡啶所用为式(1)化合物的摩尔量的0.1倍,所用溶剂为二氯甲烷,二氯甲烷用量为式(1)化合物毫摩尔量的0.1倍,反应时间为5小时。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种吴茱萸生物碱衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于:所述式(2)化合物与原甲酸三乙酯反应合成式(3)时,反应温度为100℃,催化剂为三氟化硼乙醚,催化剂的用量为式(2)化合物摩尔量的0.5倍,原甲酸三乙酯的用量为式(2)化合物摩尔量的3倍,所用溶剂为二甲基甲酰胺,用量为式(2)化合物毫摩尔量的0.1倍,反应时间为5小时。
4.根据权利要求1-3所述的任何一种吴茱萸生物碱衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于:所得吴茱萸生物碱衍生物与盐酸、硫酸、磷酸、甲酸、乙酸、甲磺酸、延胡索酸、枸橼酸、苯磺酸或对甲苯磺酸中的一种形成盐。
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CN111116449A (zh) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-05-08 | 兰州大学 | 一种新型色胺衍生物及其制备方法和应用 |
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CN113683615A (zh) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-11-23 | 南华大学 | 一种吴茱萸碱衍生物及其制备和应用 |
CN113768936B (zh) * | 2021-09-27 | 2023-04-14 | 南华大学 | 一种吴茱萸碱衍生物在制备治疗浅表真菌感染药物中的应用 |
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CN115160318B (zh) * | 2022-08-19 | 2024-08-13 | 南华大学附属第一医院 | 一种吴茱萸碱衍生物的制备方法 |
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