CN109733249B - New energy automobile charging system and control method thereof - Google Patents
New energy automobile charging system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109733249B CN109733249B CN201811618716.2A CN201811618716A CN109733249B CN 109733249 B CN109733249 B CN 109733249B CN 201811618716 A CN201811618716 A CN 201811618716A CN 109733249 B CN109733249 B CN 109733249B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种新能源汽车充电系统，包括充电模式3连接方式B交流充电线、直流充电线、车载充电器、电池管理系统和车辆控制装置；所述车载充电器用于将交流电转换为直流电；所述电池管理系统用于监测动力电池状态及当前剩余电量；所述车辆控制装置用于综合车辆信息判断整车是否满足交直流充电进入及退出条件，并控制整车进入及退出交直流充电流程。本发明能够实现整车交直流同时充电，可以缩短整车充电时间，减少用户充电等待时间，而且不增加额外硬件成本，仅通过更改软件即可实现所有技术方案，且相对于提升电流或电压的大功率充电方案，无需增加冷却系统，更加安全。
The invention discloses a new energy vehicle charging system, comprising charging mode 3 connection mode B AC charging cable, DC charging cable, on-board charger, battery management system and vehicle control device; the on-board charger is used to convert alternating current into direct current The battery management system is used to monitor the state of the power battery and the current remaining power; the vehicle control device is used to synthesize vehicle information to judge whether the vehicle meets the AC/DC charging entry and exit conditions, and to control the vehicle to enter and exit AC/DC charging process. The invention can realize AC and DC charging of the whole vehicle at the same time, can shorten the charging time of the whole vehicle, reduce the user's waiting time for charging, and does not increase the extra hardware cost. High-power charging solution, no need to increase the cooling system, more secure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy automobile charging, in particular to a new energy automobile charging system and a control method thereof.
Background
With the increasing popularization of new energy automobiles, the requirement of users on the driving range of the new energy automobiles is continuously increased. At present, the only way to solve the 'mileage anxiety' of the user is to increase the capacity of the power battery of the whole vehicle. Although the new energy automobile is equipped with two charging modes of alternating current slow charging and direct current fast charging, the output power of the vehicle-mounted charger is gradually increased from 3.3kW to 6.6kW, 10kW, even 20kW and 40kW from the beginning, but the output power is limited by the capacity limitation of the public power grid and the popularization degree of the charging infrastructure, which consequently causes the charging time to be greatly prolonged, and hinders the comfortable use of the new energy automobile.
For two charging modes, direct current quick charging can greatly shorten the charging time of the whole vehicle compared with alternating current slow charging, and most new energy vehicles have a direct current quick charging function, so that the utilization rate of an alternating current charging pile in a direct current charging station on the market is extremely low, and social resources are wasted.
With the development of battery technology, the charging efficiency of a power battery is higher and higher at present, the charging current requirement of the existing power battery is higher than the current maximum output capacity of a direct current charging pile (the current maximum output capacities of different direct current charging piles are generally 120A, 240A and 250A), and the charging cannot be completed at the fastest speed only by using direct current charging.
Based on the above background, under the condition of having the use condition, if the alternating current and direct current are adopted for simultaneous charging, on one hand, the charging time can be shortened, the user satisfaction degree is improved, and meanwhile, social resources can be fully utilized, and resource waste is avoided. At present, no patent is provided at home and abroad for a control method for simultaneous charging of alternating current and direct current of the whole vehicle, and the control method belongs to a blank state.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a new energy automobile charging system which can shorten charging time, improve user satisfaction, fully utilize social resources, avoid resource waste and realize simultaneous charging of alternating current and direct current.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a new energy automobile charging system is characterized by comprising a charging mode 3 connection mode B alternating current charging wire, a direct current charging wire, a vehicle-mounted charger, a battery management system and a vehicle control device;
the charging mode 3 connection mode B alternating current charging line is used for connecting an alternating current charging pile and the electric automobile; the direct current charging wire is used for connecting the direct current charging pile and the electric automobile; the vehicle-mounted charger is used for converting the alternating current of the public power grid into the high-voltage direct current of the whole vehicle; the battery management system is used for monitoring the state of the power battery and the current residual electric quantity in real time; the vehicle control device is used for integrating vehicle information to judge whether the whole vehicle meets the conditions of AC/DC charging entering and exiting and controlling the whole vehicle to enter and exit the AC/DC charging process.
Further, the vehicle control device controls the whole vehicle to enter and exit an alternating current-direct current charging process by sending a CAN command; the vehicle-mounted charger realizes communication with a vehicle control device and a battery management system through a CAN; the battery management system is communicated with the vehicle control device through the CAN, is used for receiving a control command of the vehicle control device and determines whether to send a charging voltage and current command to the vehicle-mounted charger and the direct-current charging pile according to the state of the power battery.
Further, the charging voltage and current instructions sent by the battery management system comprise a constant voltage output instruction and a constant current output instruction.
Further, the vehicle information includes vehicle state information, a CC signal, a CP signal, a communication with the dc charging post signal, and a CC2 signal.
Further, the new energy automobile charging system is further provided with a detection point 2 for alternating current slow charging, a detection point 3 for alternating current slow charging and a detection point 5 for direct current fast charging, and the detection point 2, the detection point 3 and the detection point 5 are detected by a vehicle control device.
Further, the vehicle control device judges that the whole vehicle satisfies the ac charging entry condition as follows: (1) the vehicle is in an unopened and static state; (2) receiving a normal CC signal; (3) receiving a normal CP signal; (4) each part of the whole vehicle charging system has no fault; (5) the power battery is not fully charged.
Further, the vehicle control device determines that the whole vehicle meets the direct-current charging entry condition as follows: (1) the vehicle is in an unopened and static state; (2) receiving a normal CC2 signal; (3) each part of the whole vehicle charging system has no fault; (4) the communication with the direct current charging pile is normal; (5) the power battery is not fully charged.
Further, the vehicle control device judges that the whole vehicle meets the AC/DC simultaneous charging entry condition as follows: (1) the vehicle is in an unopened and static state; (2) receiving normal CC and CC2 signals; (3) receiving a normal CP signal; (4) each part of the whole vehicle charging system has no fault; (5) the communication with the direct current charging pile is normal; (6) the power battery is not fully charged.
The invention further provides a control method of the new energy automobile charging system for solving the problems.
A control method of a new energy automobile charging system comprises three charging modes of alternating current and direct current simultaneous charging, alternating current charging before alternating current simultaneous charging and direct current charging before alternating current simultaneous charging.
Further, in the vehicle simultaneous charging process of alternating current and direct current, if the user stops alternating current charging or direct current charging, only the corresponding charging process is stopped.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the alternating current and direct current simultaneous charging of the whole vehicle can be realized, the charging time of the whole vehicle can be shortened, and the charging waiting time of a user is reduced;
2. according to the technical scheme provided by the invention, extra hardware cost is not increased, and all technical schemes can be realized in the original electric vehicle charging system only by changing software;
3. compared with a high-power charging scheme for increasing current or voltage, the technical scheme provided by the invention is safer without adding a cooling system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an electrical schematic diagram of a charging system of a new energy vehicle according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of ac/dc simultaneous charging of a new energy vehicle charging system according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of ac charging and then ac/dc charging of the new energy vehicle charging system according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of charging the new energy vehicle by dc charging and then by ac and dc charging simultaneously.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a new energy automobile charging system that can realize that new energy automobile alternating current-direct current charges simultaneously.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a control method for AC/DC simultaneous charging by taking an AC slow charging mode 3 connection mode B as an example according to the requirements of GB/T18487.1 on an AC slow charging control guide circuit and a DC fast charging control guide circuit.
A new energy automobile charging system comprises a charging mode 3 connection mode B alternating current charging wire, a direct current charging wire, an on-vehicle Charger (Charger), a Battery Management System (BMS) and a vehicle control unit (HCU).
The charging mode 3 connection mode B alternating current charging line is used for connecting an alternating current charging pile and the electric automobile; the direct current charging wire is used for connecting the direct current charging pile and the electric automobile; the vehicle-mounted charger belongs to an alternating current charging execution component of a charging system of the whole vehicle and is used for converting alternating current of a public power grid into high-voltage direct current of the whole vehicle so as to charge a power battery; the battery management system is used for monitoring the state of the power battery and the current residual electric quantity in real time; the vehicle control device is used for integrating vehicle information to judge whether the whole vehicle meets the conditions of AC/DC charging entering and exiting and controlling the whole vehicle to enter and exit the AC/DC charging process.
Further, the invention adopts CAN communication to realize the instruction transmission of each component on the whole vehicle layer, wherein the vehicle control device controls the whole vehicle to enter and exit an AC/DC charging process by sending CAN instructions; the vehicle-mounted charger realizes communication with a vehicle control device and a battery management system through the CAN; the battery management system is communicated with the vehicle control device through the CAN, is used for receiving a control command of the vehicle control device and determines whether to send a charging command to the vehicle-mounted charger and the direct-current charging pile according to the state of the power battery. Specifically, if the battery management system receives an alternating current charging permission instruction or a direct current charging permission instruction sent by the vehicle control device, the battery management system should judge whether the power battery is in a full-charge state at the moment, and if the power battery is not in the full-charge state, the battery management system sends a charging voltage and current instruction to the vehicle-mounted charger and the direct current charging pile.
In this embodiment, the vehicle information includes vehicle status information, battery level information, CC signals, CP signals, signals for communicating with the dc charging post, and CC2 signals; the charging mode 3 connection mode B alternating current charging line is used for connecting an alternating current charging pile and a vehicle-mounted charger; and the direct current charging wire is used for connecting the direct current charging pile and the power battery.
Fig. 1 shows an electrical schematic diagram of the charging system of the present invention. When alternating current charging is carried out, the electric automobile is connected with the alternating current charging pile through a charging mode 3 connection mode B alternating current charging wire, at the moment, the automobile control device judges whether the whole automobile meets an alternating current charging entering condition or not, when the whole automobile meets the alternating current charging entering condition, the automobile control device sends an alternating current charging permission instruction to the battery management system, after the battery management system receives the instruction, whether the power battery is in a full-charge state or not can be judged, when the power battery is not in the full-charge state, the battery management system sends a charging voltage and current instruction to the vehicle-mounted charger, and the vehicle-mounted charger charges the power battery according to the instruction. And finally, after the power battery is fully charged, the battery management system stops sending the charging voltage and current instruction, and the vehicle-mounted charger stops charging the power battery. It should be noted that when the vehicle control device detects that the entire vehicle does not satisfy any of the above conditions, the ac charging process is exited.
In this embodiment, the vehicle control device determines that the entire vehicle satisfies the ac charging entry condition as follows: (1) the vehicle is in an unopened and static state; (2) receiving a normal CC signal; (3) receiving a normal CP signal; (4) each part of the whole vehicle charging system has no fault; (5) the power battery is not fully charged. The charging voltage and current instructions sent by the battery management system can be divided into constant voltage output instructions and constant current output instructions, in the working process, the vehicle-mounted charger receives the charging voltage and current instructions of the battery management system, and specifically, when the battery management system sends the constant voltage output instructions to the vehicle-mounted charger, the vehicle-mounted charger outputs according to a constant voltage working mode; when the battery management system sends a constant current output instruction to the vehicle-mounted charger, the vehicle-mounted charger outputs according to the constant current working mode.
When carrying out direct current and charging, electric automobile fills electric pile with direct current through the direct current charging wire and is connected, vehicle control device judges this moment whether whole car satisfies the direct current and charges the entering condition, when whole car satisfies the direct current and charges the entering condition, vehicle control device sends and allows direct current charging instruction to give battery management system, battery management system receives the instruction after, can judge this moment whether power battery is in full charge state, when power battery is not in full charge state, battery management system sends charging voltage and current instruction and fills electric pile for direct current, direct current fills electric pile and charges for power battery according to the instruction. And finally, when the power battery is fully charged, stopping sending the instruction by the battery management system, and stopping charging the power battery by the direct current charging pile. It should be noted that when the vehicle control device detects that the entire vehicle does not satisfy any of the above conditions, the dc charging process is exited.
In this embodiment, the vehicle control device determines that the entire vehicle satisfies the dc charging entry condition as follows: (1) the vehicle is in an unopened and static state; (2) receiving a normal CC2 signal; (3) each part of the whole vehicle charging system has no fault; (4) the communication with the direct current charging pile is normal; (5) the power battery is not fully charged.
When carrying out the alternating current-direct current and charging simultaneously, electric automobile passes through 3 connected mode B alternating current charging wires of charge mode and is connected with alternating current charging stake, and be connected with direct current charging stake through direct current charging wire, when whole car satisfies the alternating current-direct current and charge the entering condition simultaneously, vehicle control device sends and permits alternating current charging and permits direct current charging instruction and gives battery management system, battery management system receives the instruction after, can judge whether power battery is in full charge state this moment, when power battery is not in full charge state, battery management system sends charging voltage and current instruction and gives on-vehicle charger and direct current charging stake, on-vehicle charger and direct current charging stake charge for power battery according to the instruction. And finally, after the power battery is fully charged, stopping sending the command by the battery management system, and stopping charging the power battery by the vehicle-mounted charger and the direct current charging pile. It should be noted that when the vehicle control device detects that the entire vehicle does not satisfy any of the above conditions, the ac-dc simultaneous charging process is exited.
In this embodiment, the vehicle control device determines that the entire vehicle satisfies the ac/dc simultaneous charging entry condition: (1) the vehicle is in an unopened and static state; (2) receiving normal CC and CC2 signals; (3) receiving a normal CP signal; (4) each part of the whole vehicle charging system has no fault; (5) the communication with the direct current charging pile is normal; (6) the power battery is not fully charged.
In addition, a detection point 2 for alternating current slow charging, a detection point 3 for alternating current slow charging and a detection point 5 for direct current fast charging are arranged in the charging system, and the detection point 2, the detection point 3 and the detection point 5 are detected by a vehicle control device. Specifically, detection point 2 is used to detect the CC signal, detection point 3 is used to detect the CP signal, and detection point 5 is used to detect the CC2 signal.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a new energy automobile charging control method capable of achieving simultaneous alternating current and direct current charging of a new energy automobile.
The embodiment provides an alternating current and direct current simultaneous charging control method by setting the following three charging conditions:
(1) the alternating current-direct current charges simultaneously, and alternating current fills electric pile and direct current and fills electric pile simultaneously and be connected with electric automobile promptly, and when vehicle control device judged to satisfy the alternating current-direct current and charge the entering condition simultaneously, whole car got into the alternating current-direct current and charges the flow simultaneously. As shown in fig. 2, the vehicle control device sends a command to allow ac charging and a command to allow dc charging to the battery management system. And after receiving the alternating current charging permission instruction and the direct current charging permission instruction of the vehicle control device, the battery management system sends the charging voltage and current instruction to the vehicle-mounted charger and the direct current charging pile. And the vehicle-mounted charger and the direct current charging pile start to output high-voltage direct current according to the charging voltage and current instruction sent by the battery management system to charge the power battery. When the vehicle control device detects that the AC/DC simultaneous charging exit condition is met, the vehicle control device stops sending an AC charging instruction and a DC charging instruction to the battery management system, the whole vehicle enters an AC/DC charging lower current process, the whole vehicle enters a dormant state, and the AC/DC simultaneous charging process is finished.
(2) The alternating current charging is firstly carried out, then the alternating current and the direct current are simultaneously charged, namely the vehicle control device judges that the whole vehicle firstly meets the alternating current charging entering condition, the whole vehicle starts to enter the alternating current charging process, and in the alternating current charging process, when the vehicle control device judges that the alternating current and direct current simultaneous charging entering condition is met, the whole vehicle enters the alternating current and direct current simultaneous charging process. As shown in fig. 3, at this time, the vehicle control device determines that the ac charging entry condition is satisfied, the entire vehicle enters an ac charging process, the vehicle control device sends an ac charging permission instruction to the battery management system, the battery management system receives the ac charging permission instruction from the vehicle control device and then sends a charging voltage and constant current instruction to the vehicle-mounted charger, and the vehicle-mounted charger starts to output high-voltage direct current according to the charging voltage and constant current instruction sent by the battery management system to charge the power battery. In the alternating current charging process, the vehicle control device continuously detects whether the alternating current-direct current simultaneous charging entry condition is met. When the condition that the AC and DC simultaneous charging enters is met, the vehicle control device sends a direct current charging permission instruction to the battery management system, and after receiving the direct current charging permission instruction from the vehicle control device, the battery management system sends a charging voltage and constant current instruction to the direct current charging pile and simultaneously sends a constant voltage charging and current instruction to the vehicle-mounted charger. And the vehicle-mounted charger and the direct current charging pile start to charge the power battery at the same time. When the vehicle control device detects that the condition of simultaneous charging and exiting of alternating current and direct current is met, the vehicle control device sends a command of forbidding simultaneous charging of alternating current and direct current to the battery management system, the whole vehicle enters a current-dropping process of simultaneous charging of alternating current and direct current, the whole vehicle enters a dormant state, and the simultaneous charging process of alternating current and direct current is finished.
(3) The method comprises the steps that direct current charging is carried out firstly, and then alternating current and direct current charging are carried out simultaneously, namely a vehicle control device judges that an entire vehicle meets direct current charging entering conditions firstly, the entire vehicle starts to enter a direct current charging process, and in the direct current charging process, when the vehicle control device judges that the alternating current and direct current charging entering conditions are met, the entire vehicle enters an alternating current and direct current charging process; as shown in fig. 4, at this time, the vehicle control device determines that the dc charging entry condition is satisfied, and the entire vehicle enters the dc charging process. The vehicle control device sends a direct current charging permission instruction to the battery management system, the battery management system receives the direct current charging permission instruction from the vehicle control device and then sends a charging voltage and constant current instruction to the direct current charging pile, and the direct current charging pile starts to charge the power battery in a direct current mode according to the charging voltage and constant current instruction of the battery management system. In the direct current charging process, the vehicle control device continuously detects whether the alternating current and direct current simultaneous charging entry condition is met. If the requirement is met, the vehicle control device sends an alternating current charging permission instruction to the battery management system, the battery management system receives the alternating current charging permission instruction of the vehicle control device and then sends a constant voltage charging and current instruction to the vehicle-mounted charger, and the vehicle-mounted charger and the direct current charging pile start to charge the power battery at the same time. When the vehicle control device detects that the condition of simultaneous charging and exiting of alternating current and direct current is met, the vehicle control device sends an alternating current and direct current charging prohibition instruction to the battery management system, the whole vehicle enters a current range under alternating current and direct current charging, the whole vehicle enters a dormant state, and the alternating current and direct current charging process is finished.
Under the three charging conditions, in the process of simultaneously charging the alternating current and the direct current of the vehicle, if a user stops alternating current charging or direct current charging, only the corresponding charging process is stopped.
The sequence of the above embodiments is only for convenience of description and does not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
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