CN109729854A - A kind of silk ball Jia Opulus (V. macrocephalum) cuttage breeding method - Google Patents
A kind of silk ball Jia Opulus (V. macrocephalum) cuttage breeding method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of silk ball Jia Opulus (V. macrocephalum) cuttage breeding method, management, transplanting and hardening, outplanting after the silk ball Jia Opulus cuttage and seedling culture method includes the following steps: cutting orchard construction, cuttage and seedling culture, inserts.Garden mother plant for cutting cultivating soil preferably fertile wet sandy loam, loam；Maternal plant cultivation requires to be made into high ridge when doing furrow, and a ridge a line using 3-5 life, is grown the more nursery stock of vigorous, no disease and pests harm, side shoot, is preferred using fine individual plant as female seedling.Cuttage cool canopy or greenhouse generally use the sunshade net of index of refraction 70%, and cutting medium adaptation to local conditions selects local red heart soil, sandy loam, and waters soil disinfection using 1000 times of liquid of 0.01% liquor potassic permanganate or first frost Mancozeb.It should be sprinkled profoundly water in time after cuttage, colorless and transparent film should be covered after watering immediately, it is appropriate to water, it prevents and treats pest and disease damage, after most cuttage rootings, gradually unlocks film in due course, it is last all to open.The silk ball Jia Opulus rooting percent cultivated through above-mentioned silk ball Jia Opulus cuttage breeding method is 67%-92%, hence it is evident that improves rooting rate and planting percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seedling propagation fields, more particularly to a kind of silk ball Jia Opulus (V. macrocephalum) cuttage and seedling culture method.
Background technique
Silk ball Jia Opulus (Viburnum macrocephalumFort.), English name: Chinese snowball
Viburnum, be Caprifoliaceae (Caprifoliacea) Viburnum (Viburnum) fallen leaves or semi-evergreen shrubs, alias V. macrocephalum.
It is high that up to 6 meters, the month at florescence 4-5, cyme is large-scale white flower, and for shape as silk ball, diameter is very beautiful up to 16 centimetres,
It is the excellent sight flower Landscape Trees being worth promoting.
Since silk ball Jia Opulus still sentences scattered or wild state, no result or result are few, and artificial cultivation is less, cause to plant
Seedling is insufficient, and greening seedling supplies critical shortage；Silk ball Jia Opulus cuttage survival rate is low at present, so that it is numerous greatly to limit its seedling
It grows, constrains its industrialized development.It would therefore be highly desirable to solve Technique on Cuttage Propagation problem, meet flowers market to silk ball Jia Opulus's
Demand.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to for the low problem of silk ball pod Opulus cutting plantation and survival rate, provide a kind of new silk ball
Jia Opulus cuttage and seedling culture method, the rooting rate and high survival rate of the silk ball Jia Opulus cuttings cultivated through the method.
A kind of silk ball Jia Opulus cuttage and seedling culture method, the silk ball Jia Opulus cuttage and seedling culture method include the following steps.
(1) cutting orchard is built: being selected including the garden A, B site preparation does furrow, the selection of mother's C seedling, D pruning, E water and fertilizer management, F
Weeding fertilising, the G prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
(2) cuttage and seedling culture: including A early-stage preparations, B cuttage technique.
(3) it is managed after inserting: should be sprinkled profoundly water in time after cuttage, colorless and transparent film should be covered after watering immediately, it is appropriate to water.
Spray Mancozeb or carbendazol wettable powder controlling disease within every 15 days.It, can after cuttage seeding grows young leaves after about 2-3 months
It pours and applies mass concentration 0.1%-0.5% compound fertilizer solution.After most cuttage rootings, film is gradually unlocked in due course, until all opening.
(4) transplanting and hardening: after taking root 1-2 months, 1 Mancozeb or carbendazol wettable powder 1000 are monthly sprayed
Times liquid.After young leaves grows 2, nutrient bag is transplanted in greenhouse.Nutrition Soil can be red heart soil or Light media.Nursery stock transplanting
1-2 months after to nutrient bag, hardening outside cool canopy or greenhouse can be transplanted to.
(5) outplanting: after hardening 1 month, nursery stock can be out of the garden.The nursery stock size and supply time needed according to client
It is out of the garden, encloses label.
It selects to the garden A of step (1) cutting orchard construction: should select to garden to have a good transport service, topography is flat or gentle slope
Band is had abundant water resources, well-drained place, never depression or chaor.Soil selects fertile wet sandy loam, loam.
The B site preparation of step (1) cutting orchard construction does furrow: do require before furrow to plough deeply, hack, careful site preparation, remove grass
Root and stone.It requires to be made into high ridge when doing furrow, ridge is higher by bottom of trench 50cm or more, a ridge a line.
Mother's C seedling selection of step (1) the cutting orchard construction: female Miao Jinliang is provided using seedlings with saving the time early
Fringe bar, generally using the raw nursery stock of 3-5 as female seedling.Female Miao Bixu selection grows vigorous, no disease and pests harm, the more seedling of side shoot
Wood is preferred with fine individual plant.
The D pruning of step (1) the cutting orchard construction: plant is trimmed after planting 30 days recovery growing ways.It is right
The branch of excessive growth, apical dominance carry out truncation rush compared with enriching shoot item and sprout.
The E water and fertilizer management of step (1) the cutting orchard construction: female seedling water management can be used sprinkling irrigation, pouring or diversion and fill
It irrigates, while never excess moisture causes ponding, the rainy day carries out draining.The 5-10 month, per two weeks fertilising was primary, and azophoska is applied in cave
Every plant of Hefei 100g-500g of different sizes adjusts depending on age and plant.
The F weeding fertilising of step (1) the cutting orchard construction: it should loosen the soil to garden in time depending on concrete condition, weeding.
The G prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control of step (1) the cutting orchard construction: the harm of silk ball pod Opulus disease pest is fewer, between spring and summer
800-1000 times of first frost Mancozeb, effective cypermethrin liquid prevention and treatment pest and disease damage are monthly sprayed, is sprayed at dusk at cloudy day or fine day
It is preferred.
Specific step is as follows for the A early-stage preparations of step (2) cuttage and seedling culture.
A cool canopy or greenhouse: cool canopy or greenhouse generally use the sunshade net of shading rate 60%-70%, and winter cuttage must be in temperature
Indoor progress.
B matrix: matrix adaptation to local conditions selects local red heart soil, sandy loam.Using 0.01% liquor potassic permanganate or first frost generation
1000 times of liquid of gloomy MnZn water soil disinfection.
The seedbed c: matrix is filled using seedbed or plastic screen basket (40cm long × 30cm wide × 10cm high), furrow are wide to be
100cm wide, 25cm high, plastic screen basket can put into 3 basket of one furrow as needed.
Specific step is as follows for the B cuttage technique of step (2) cuttage and seedling culture.
A cuttings prepare: fringe bar acquire must on the day of cuttage finish, can not acquire excessively.Cuttings length 8-12cm, every fringe
Item retains 2-4 piece blade and is advisable, and notch is smooth.
The processing of b cuttings: before cuttage, being impregnated 15-20 minutes with 1000 times of Mancozeb, carbendazim or thiophanate methyl liquid,
It picks up.Branch base portion dips in 500 PPM indolebutyric acid (IBA) root-growing agents when cuttage.
C cutting time: cuttage optimum season is May summer, is secondly September in autumn.Cutting medium keeps wet, skewer
Draw hole with small bamboo chip when inserting, then cuttings is inserted into aperture, is then compacted and waters in time.
The present invention compared with the prior art, has the advantages that.
1. mother plant for cutting cultivating soil preferably fertile wet sandy loam, loam, avoids viscous weight red soil, to prevent rotten
Etc. causing undergrowth.
2. mother plant for cutting cultivation requires to be made into high ridge when doing furrow, ridge is higher by bottom of trench 50cm or more, a ridge a line, southern rain
Water is more, and ponding is avoided to generate rotten.
3. using 3-5 give birth to, grow the more nursery stock of vigorous, no disease and pests harm, side shoot, using fine individual plant be preferred as
Female seedling, fringe bar is more and rooting efficiency is good.
It is sprouted 4. pair elite stand branch of excessive growth, apical dominance carry out truncation rush compared with enriching shoot item, more effectively cuttage fringe bars can be generated.
5. cool canopy or greenhouse generally use the sunshade net of index of refraction 60%-70%, winter cuttage must carry out in greenhouse,
It may advantageously facilitate and take root, improve survival rate.
6. cutting medium adaptation to local conditions selects local red heart soil, sandy loam, good and cheap.Using 0.01% potassium permanganate
1000 times of liquid of solution or first frost Mancozeb water soil disinfection.Light media is not used, does not add fertilizer or discarded mushroom soil, it is bright
It is aobvious to improve rooting rate and planting percent.
7. fill matrix using seedbed or plastic screen basket, not directly in container bag cuttage, avoid without taking root or dead seedling accounts for
With nutrient bag, cost has been saved.
8. adopting the same day on the day of fringe bar to have inserted, cuttings length 8-12cm, every fringe bar retains 2-4 piece blade and is advisable, and notch is flat
It is whole, hence it is evident that improve rooting rate and planting percent.
9. before cuttage, being impregnated 15-20 minutes, being picked up with 1000 times of Mancozeb, carbendazim or thiophanate methyl liquid.Skewer
Branch base portion dips in 500 PPM indolebutyric acid (IBA) root-growing agents when inserting.Significantly improve rooting rate and planting percent.
It is secondly September in autumn 10. cuttage optimum season is May summer.Significantly improve rooting rate and planting percent.
11. should sprinkle profoundly water in time after cuttage, colorless and transparent film should be covered after watering immediately, it is appropriate to water, keep film
It is interior wet.Spray Mancozeb or carbendazol wettable powder controlling disease within every 15 days.After about 2-3 months, cuttage seeding is grown newly
Ye Hou can be poured and be applied mass concentration 0.1%-0.5% compound fertilizer solution.After most cuttage rootings, film is gradually unlocked in due course, until complete
It opens in portion.Rooting rate and planting percent can be improved.
12. monthly spraying 1000 times of liquid of 1 Mancozeb or carbendazol wettable powder after taking root 1-2 months.To young leaves
After growing 2, nutrient bag is transplanted in greenhouse.Nutrition Soil uses red heart soil or Light media.1-2 after nursery stock transplanting to nutrient bag
A month, hardening outside greenhouse can be transplanted to.Improve transplanting survival rate and planting percent.
Specific implementation method
Technical solution of the present invention is described further below by way of specific embodiment.The following examples can make this field
The present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way is more fully understood in technical staff.
Embodiment 1.
1. the preparation of cutting medium: cutting medium is using the local red heart soil newly excavated, with long 40cm × wide after crushing
30cm × high 10cm netted plastic frame is filled, and is placed in pattern plastic warmhouse booth.Greenhouse uses outer shade, degree of shading 70%.Before cuttage
3 days matrix irrigates disinfection with 0.1 ‰ liquor potassic permanganates, and covers film, until cuttage.
2. material source: triennial silk ball Jia Opulus is as mother plant for cutting.The raw growth of clip maternal plant current year in July, 2014 is strong
Strong, no disease and pests harm branch is cuttage material.
3. test method: test uses various concentration plant growth regulator indolebutyric acid (IBA), tree body different parts
2 kinds of methods of cuttings carry out Cutting test.IBA concentration be respectively (1) number 100 PPM, (2) number 500 PPM, (3) number 1000 PPM,
(4) number 2000 PPM, same day cuttings same day cuttage.Every 270 plants of processing (concentration), 3 repetitions.Cuttings is observed after 60 days to clean
Cutting medium, statistics rooting rate, radical and root long.
4. cuttings is handled: the cuttings of long 5-10 cm of clip, 2-4 blade, blade retain whole.It is immersed immediately after clip
Equipped in clear water plastic barrel, cuttings dehydration is prevented.Cuttings is ready, concentrates and impregnates 1000 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder
Solution 10-15 minutes.Cuttings base portion dips in root-growing agent when cuttage, and drawing hole with bamboo chip is inserted into cuttings in soil, and depth is that fringe bar is long
Spend 2/5-1/2.30 plants of every frame cuttage, compacting soil after inserting, cuttage finishes to be sprinkled profoundly water immediately, until ground moistening enriches.
5. the management after cuttage: being sprinkled profoundly water after cuttage, and cover arch transparent plastic film immediately, make film four as far as possible
It closes in week to keep the temperature, moisturizing.Water management uses artificial watering or spray-on process, when fine day once a day, every 2-3 days one rainy days
It is secondary, it has poured water and has covered film thermal insulating moisturizing immediately.800 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder and 80% Mancozeb are sprayed weekly
1000 times of mixed liquors of wettable powder.After sprouting substantially grows after 3 months, transparent plastic film is gradually thrown off, and increases spray
Waterside number reinforces the management of moisture, keeps ground moistening.After opening film 2 weeks, investigation survival rate, take root number, root long degree.
6. result and analysis: having done silk ball pod Opulus Cutting test in July, 2014, in September, 2014 is raw to silk ball pod Opulus cuttage
Root situation is counted.Various concentration IBA influences statistical result to silk ball Jia Opulus cuttage root-taking and is shown in Table 1.
1 various concentration IBA of table influences silk ball Jia Opulus cuttage root-taking
| Tested number | IBA concentration/PPM | Rooting rate/% | Average every plant of root item number/item | Average root long/cm |
| 1 | 100 | 72.38±2.04 a | 13.02±1.74 a | 0.63±0.012 b |
| 2 | 500 | 66.93±5.71 ab | 12.36±1.06 a | 0.72±0.145 a |
| 3 | 1000 | 64.78±2.01 ab | 11.84±0.58 a | 0.59±0.017 b |
| 4 | 2000 | 52.50±2.73 b | 10.97±1.80 a | 0.63±0.057 b |
1 remarks of table: a, b ... being illustrated respectively under confidence level 0.05 between them has significant difference, and a > b > ....
Obtain from the analysis of table 1: various concentration IBA influences have significant difference to silk ball Jia Opulus rooting rate, to average root item
Number influences to be not significantly different, and influences have significant difference to average root long.Under the conditions of tested number 2 is 500 PPM, rooting rate
Have a horizontal simultaneously with average root long, that is, reaches optimum state, other 3 tested numbers do not have while reaching 2 a levels.
So selection 500PPM is as the optimal cuttage concentration of silk ball Jia Opulus.
2 tree body different parts branch of table influences silk ball Jia Opulus cuttage root-taking
| Tested number | Tree-crown location | Rooting rate/% | Average every plant of root item number/item | Average root long/cm |
| 5 | Top | 61.95±5.99 b | 11.51±0.77 b | 0.65±0.017 a |
| 6 | Lower part | 66.47±4.31 a | 12.53±1.52 a | 0.62±0.029 b |
2 note of table: a, b, which are illustrated respectively under confidence level 0.05 between them, has significant difference, and a > b.
From table 2 analysis obtain: tree body different parts to silk ball pod Opulus rooting rate, to average root item number, to average root long shadow
Sound all has significant difference.In the cuttings that tested number 6 is the acquisition of tree body lower part, rooting rate and average every plant of root item number have simultaneously
A is horizontal, i.e., the two indices reach optimum state, and cuttage considers to be rooting rate first, thus select tree body lower part branch as
The optimal cuttings of silk ball Jia Opulus.
Embodiment 2.
1. cutting medium prepares: cutting medium is using the local red heart soil newly excavated, with long 40cm × wide after crushing
30cm × high 10cm netted plastic screen frame is filled, and is placed in pattern plastic warmhouse booth.The outer degree of shading 70% of greenhouse.3 days in advance by base
Matter irrigates disinfection with 0.1 ‰ liquor potassic permanganates, covers film, until cuttage.
2. fringe bar source: fringe bar is from breeder mother's strain in 4 years, in tree middle and lower part clip current year raw robust growth branch
Skewer fringe.
3. test method: according to the result of study of early period, test uses optium concentration plant growth regulator indolebutyric acid
(IBA) 500 PPM, cuttings is with cutting with inserting, and fringe bar is not by transport.Using RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, every processing (concentration) 210
Strain, 3 repetitions.According to Various Seasonal, 180 days 150 d of summer cuttage, cuttage in winter observation test results.Clean cuttings base
Matter, statistics rooting rate, radical and root long.
4. cuttings is handled: the cuttings of long 6-10 cm of clip, 4 blades, leaflet retain all, and big blade wipes out half.
It is steeped in clear water immediately after clip, to prevent cuttings dehydration.Cuttings is ready, concentrates and impregnates 50% carbendazol wettable powder
1000 times solution 10-15 minutes.Cuttings base portion is inserted into soil after dipping in root-growing agent when cuttage, and insertion depth is cuttings length 2/5-1/
2.35 plants of every frame cuttage, cuttage finishes to be sprinkled profoundly water immediately, and ground moistening is kept to enrich.
5. the management after cuttage: being sprinkled profoundly water after cuttage, and cover that transparent plastic film is arched, and film surrounding must be closed
With heat preservation, moisturizing.Water management is using artificial watering or spraying, and when Clear Days Summer 2 times a day, remaining time takes the circumstances into consideration to reduce, and pours
Complete water must cover film at once.1000 times of 80% mancozeb wettable powder or 10% difenoconazole wettable are sprayed weekly
1000 times of solution of pulvis.Sprouting is substantially longer after 5-6 months, checks situation of taking root, and gradually takes off after how much taking root greatly absolutely
Film is removed, water spray number is increased, film, investigation survival rate, take root number, root long degree are thoroughly opened after 2 weeks.
6. result and analysis: having done within -2017 years 2016 Various Seasonal silk ball Jia Opulus Cutting test.Cuttage root-taking situation
Statistical result is shown in Table 1.
1 Various Seasonal silk ball Jia Opulus cuttage situation of table statistics
| Tested number | Cuttage month | Season | Average rooting rate/% | Average every plant of root item number/item | Average root long/cm | Remarks |
| 1 | March | The Spring Festival | 50.3±1.159d | 4.5±0.115c | 3.2±0.153b | Lateral root is less |
| 2 | May | Summer | 92.5±0.458a | 12.3±0.306a | 6.2±0.153a | Lateral root is more |
| 3 | September | Autumn | 75.8±0.520b | 11.6±0.451a | 5.9±0.153a | Lateral root is more |
| 4 | December | Winter | 67.2±1.079c | 9.4 ±0.200b | 3.8±0.361b | Lateral root is less |
1 remarks of table: a, b, c ... respectively indicating has significant difference between them, and a > b > c > ....
Silk ball Jia Opulus cuttings is handled through 500 PPM IBA, analysis shows: the cutting plantation of 4 Various Seasonals has aobvious
Difference is write, wherein No. 2 test is cutting plantation highest in May summer, reaches 92.5% (a)；It secondly is the autumn for No. 3 test
Ji Jiuyue (b), cutting plantation reach 67.2%；Third is that No. 4 test is December in winter, and cutting plantation reaches 65.4%
(c)；Worst be No. 1 i.e. March in spring, the cutting plantation of test is only 50.3% (d).4 Various Seasonals are averaged every plant of root item number
With significant difference, wherein the 2nd, No. 3 test i.e. summer, Autumn Cutting average root article number are most preferably (being a), No. 4 cuttage in winter effects
Fruit takes second place (b), and No. 1 spring cutting experiment is worst, and average root item number is only 4.5 (c).4 Various Seasonals root long that is averaged has
Significant difference, wherein the 2nd, No. 3 test is the summer, Autumn Cutting is averaged, and root long is best (being a), and winter, spring cutting experiment are poor
Poor (being b).
Therefore, May summer is the best period (being a) of cuttage；It secondly is September, rooting rate can achieve 75.8%
(b).
Claims (5)
1. a kind of silk ball Jia Opulus (V. macrocephalum) cuttage breeding method, which is characterized in that the silk ball Jia Opulus cuttage breeding method packet
Include following steps:
Cutting orchard construction, cuttage and seedling culture, insert after management, transplanting and hardening, outplanting.
2. being built according to cutting orchard described in claims 1, it is characterised in that:
(1) mother plant for cutting cultivating soil is avoided viscous weight red soil, is drawn to prevent rotten etc. preferably fertile wet sandy loam, loam
Play undergrowth；It requires to be made into high ridge when doing furrow, ridge is higher by bottom of trench 50cm or more, and a ridge a line, southern rainwater is more, avoids ponding
Generate rotten；
(2) it uses 3-5 life, grow the more nursery stock of vigorous, no disease and pests harm, side shoot, be preferred using fine individual plant as female seedling,
Fringe bar is more and rooting efficiency is good；Truncation rush is carried out compared with enriching shoot item to the elite stand branch of excessive growth, apical dominance to sprout, and can be generated more effective
Cuttage fringe bar.
3. according to cuttage and seedling culture described in claims 1, it is characterised in that:
(1) cutting medium adaptation to local conditions selects local red heart soil, sandy loam, good and cheap；Light media is not used, does not add fertilizer
Or discarded mushroom soil, soil disinfection is watered using 1000 times of liquid of 0.01% liquor potassic permanganate or first frost Mancozeb, hence it is evident that is improved
Rooting rate and planting percent；
(2) it adopts the same day on the day of fringe bar to have inserted, cuttings length 8-12cm, every fringe bar retains 2-4 piece blade and is advisable, and notch is smooth, bright
It is aobvious to improve rooting rate；
(3) it before cuttage, is impregnated 15-20 minutes and is picked up with 1000 times of Mancozeb, carbendazim or thiophanate methyl liquid, with diseases prevention
Evil, improves rooting rate；
(4) branch base portion dips in 500PPM indolebutyric acid root-growing agent when cuttage, hence it is evident that improves rooting rate；
(5) cuttage optimum season is May summer, is secondly September in autumn, hence it is evident that improve rooting rate and planting percent.
4. being managed after being inserted according to claims 1, it is characterised in that:
(1) it should be sprinkled profoundly water in time after cuttage, colorless and transparent film should be covered after watering immediately, it is appropriate to water, keep wet in film
Profit, hence it is evident that improve rooting rate；
(2) Mancozeb or carbendazol wettable powder controlling disease are sprayed within every 15 days, with disease prevention, improve rooting rate and at
Seedling rate；
(3) after about 2-3 months, after cuttage seeding grows young leaves, it is strong to be obviously promoted nursery stock for Jiao Shi 0.1%-0.5% compound fertilizer solution
Strong growth；
(4) after most cuttage rootings, film is gradually unlocked in due course, it is last all to open, improve planting percent；
(5) after taking root 1-2 months, 1000 times of liquid of 1 Mancozeb or carbendazol wettable powder is monthly sprayed, seedling is improved
Rate.
5. transplanting and hardening according to claims 1, it is characterised in that:
(1) after young leaves grows 2, it is transplanted to nutrient bag in greenhouse, improves transplanting survival rate and planting percent；
(2) Nutrition Soil uses red heart soil or Light media, improves transplanting survival rate and planting percent.
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| CN110558065A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-12-13 | 三明市农业科学研究院 | Rapid cutting seedling raising method for ficus microcarpa |
| CN113142058A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-07-23 | 菁蕙集团有限公司 | Cutting propagation method for viburnum sargentii |
| CN115589860A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2023-01-13 | 刘昱（Cn） | A kind of method for rapid propagation of Hydrangea plant |
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