CN109725426B - Volume holographic waveguide display device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of waveguide display, and particularly relates to a volume holographic waveguide display device. The existing display device has small incident angle range, poor angle selectivity and low brightness of reflected images. The application provides a volume holographic waveguide display device, which comprises a micro display, a collimating mirror and a waveguide component which are sequentially arranged; the waveguide assembly comprises a first slab waveguide, a second slab waveguide and a third slab waveguide which are sequentially arranged, wherein one end of the first slab waveguide is provided with a first input diffraction optical element, the other end of the first slab waveguide is provided with a first output diffraction optical element, one end of the second slab waveguide is provided with a second input diffraction optical element, the other end of the second slab waveguide is provided with a second output diffraction optical element, one end of the third slab waveguide is provided with a third input diffraction optical element, and the other end of the third slab waveguide is provided with a third output diffraction optical element. The full-color image with higher saturation can be displayed, and the image display quality is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of waveguide display, and particularly relates to a volume holographic waveguide display device.
Background
Waveguides (waveguides) are used to guide the structure of electromagnetic waves. Therefore, in the broad definition, the waveguide not only refers to a hollow metal tube, but also includes other waveguide forms such as a ridge waveguide, an elliptical waveguide, a dielectric waveguide, and the like; the device also comprises a double-conductor, a coaxial line, a strip line, a microstrip and mirror line, a single surface wave transmission line and the like. The waveguide can be divided into a rectangular waveguide, a circular waveguide and the like according to the shape of the cross section of the waveguide. Although there are many different waveguide forms and new ones are emerging, up to now rectangular waveguides and circular waveguides are the two most dominant waveguide forms in practical applications.
When the existing display device adopts the composite grating to spread the color image, the problem of serious crosstalk of similar color light exists; the single-color grating is adopted to independently control each color light, but the volume holographic grating is only of a single-layer structure, the range of incidence angles is small, the angle selectivity is poor, and the brightness of a reflected image is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved
When the existing display device adopts the composite grating to transmit the color image, the problem of serious crosstalk of similar color light exists; the method also has the problems that each color light is independently controlled by adopting a monochromatic grating, but the volume holographic grating is only of a single-layer structure, the range of incidence angles is small, the angle selectivity is poor, and the brightness of reflected images is not high.
2. Technical scheme
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a volume holographic waveguide display device, comprising a micro display, a collimating mirror and a waveguide assembly arranged in sequence;
the waveguide assembly comprises a first slab waveguide, a second slab waveguide and a third slab waveguide which are sequentially arranged, wherein one end of the first slab waveguide is provided with a first input diffraction optical element, the other end of the first slab waveguide is provided with a first output diffraction optical element, one end of the second slab waveguide is provided with a second input diffraction optical element, the other end of the second slab waveguide is provided with a second output diffraction optical element, one end of the third slab waveguide is provided with a third input diffraction optical element, and the other end of the third slab waveguide is provided with a third output diffraction optical element.
Optionally, the first input diffractive optical element includes a first incident end grating and a second incident end grating, the first output diffractive optical element includes a first exit end grating and a second exit end grating, the first incident end grating and the first exit end grating are disposed on one surface of the first slab waveguide, and the second incident end grating and the second exit end grating are disposed on the other surface of the first slab waveguide;
the second input diffractive optical element comprises a third incident end grating and a fourth incident end grating, the second output diffractive optical element comprises a third emergent end grating and a fourth emergent end grating, the third incident end grating and the third emergent end grating are arranged on one surface of the second slab waveguide, and the fourth incident end grating and the fourth emergent end grating are arranged on the other surface of the second slab waveguide;
the third input diffractive optical element includes a fifth incident end grating and a sixth incident end grating, the third output diffractive optical element includes a fifth exit end grating and a sixth exit end grating, the fifth incident end grating and the fifth exit end grating are disposed on one surface of the third slab waveguide, and the sixth incident end grating and the sixth exit end grating are disposed on the other surface of the third slab waveguide.
Optionally, the first input diffractive optical element and the first output diffractive optical element are mirror images of each other; the second input diffractive optical element and the second output diffractive optical element are mirror images of each other; the third input diffractive optical element and the third output diffractive optical element are mirror images of each other.
Optionally, the slab waveguide is made of transparent optical glass or transparent optical plastic.
Optionally, the first input diffractive optical element, the first output diffractive optical element, the second input diffractive optical element, the second output diffractive optical element, the third input diffractive optical element and the third output diffractive optical element are each a monochromatic reflection type volume holographic grating.
Optionally, the monochromatic reflection type volume holographic grating is prepared by laser interference or nanoimprint.
Optionally, the first incident end grating, the second incident end grating, the first exit end grating, the second exit end grating, the third incident end grating, the fourth incident end grating, the third exit end grating, the fourth exit end grating, the fifth incident end grating, the sixth incident end grating, the fifth exit end grating, and the sixth exit end grating have the same thickness.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the volume holographic waveguide display device provided by the application has the beneficial effects that:
according to the volume holographic waveguide display device, a flat waveguide is divided into three layers, red light, blue light and green light are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and three primary colors of RGB are formed; the left end of each layer of slab waveguide is provided with an incident end grating, the right end of each layer of slab waveguide is provided with a reflecting end grating, and the incident end grating and the emergent end grating are both composed of an upper surface grating and a lower surface grating; the incident end grating of each layer generates Bragg diffraction on incident light, the emergent end grating generates Bragg diffraction on emergent light, and finally the full-color image is emitted into human eyes. The three-layer holographic structure is adopted, the three primary colors of red light, blue light and green light are subjected to volume holographic reflection respectively by using the wavelength selectivity of volume holography, and each color light is independently conducted by using 3 monochromatic gratings, so that the chromatic dispersion and the crosstalk of similar color lights are reduced. In addition, the volume holographic grating adopts a double-sided structure, so that the incidence angle range can be enlarged, and the display brightness is improved. The structure can display a full-color image with higher saturation, and the image display quality is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a volume holographic waveguide display device according to the present application;
in the figure: 1-micro display, 2-collimating mirror, 3-first slab waveguide, 4-second slab waveguide, 5-third slab waveguide, 6-first incident end grating, 7-second incident end grating, 8-first emergent end grating, 9-second emergent end grating, 10-third incident end grating, 11-fourth incident end grating, 12-third emergent end grating, 13-fourth emergent end grating, 14-fifth incident end grating, 15-sixth incident end grating, 16-fifth emergent end grating and 17-sixth emergent end grating.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description that the present application can be practiced. Features from different embodiments may be combined to yield new embodiments, or certain features may be substituted for certain embodiments to yield yet further preferred embodiments, without departing from the principles of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, the present application provides a volume holographic waveguide display device, including a micro display 1, a collimating mirror 2 and a waveguide assembly arranged in sequence;
the waveguide assembly comprises a first slab waveguide 3, a second slab waveguide 4 and a third slab waveguide 5 which are sequentially arranged, wherein one end of the first slab waveguide 3 is provided with a first input diffraction optical element, the other end of the first slab waveguide 3 is provided with a first output diffraction optical element, one end of the second slab waveguide 4 is provided with a second input diffraction optical element, the other end of the second slab waveguide 4 is provided with a second output diffraction optical element, one end of the third slab waveguide 5 is provided with a third input diffraction optical element, and the other end of the third slab waveguide 5 is provided with a third output diffraction optical element.
The microdisplay 1 loads an image and emits outward scattered light carrying image information. The scattered light is converted into parallel light by the collimating function of the collimator lens 2, and is emitted to the first input diffraction optical element of the first slab waveguide 3, so that the monochromatic light is subjected to twice Bragg diffraction. And the monochromatic light after the second bragg diffraction is emitted to the first slab waveguide 3, the first slab waveguide 3 totally reflects the monochromatic light for a plurality of times, and the totally reflected monochromatic light is emitted to the first output diffraction optical element. The first output diffraction optical element performs Bragg diffraction reduction on the monochromatic light twice. The light of one color is filtered out to be emitted to the second input diffraction optical element of the second slab waveguide 4, and the monochromatic light is subjected to twice Bragg diffraction. And the monochromatic light after the second Bragg diffraction is transmitted to the second slab waveguide 4, the second slab waveguide 4 totally reflects the monochromatic light for many times, and the totally reflected monochromatic light is transmitted to the second output diffraction optical element. The second output diffraction optical element performs Bragg diffraction reduction on the monochromatic light twice. The light of two colors is filtered out and emitted to the third input diffraction optical element of the third slab waveguide 5, and the monochromatic light is subjected to twice Bragg diffraction. And the monochromatic light subjected to the second bragg diffraction is emitted to the third slab waveguide 5, the third slab waveguide 5 totally reflects the monochromatic light for a plurality of times, and the totally reflected monochromatic light is emitted to the third output diffraction optical element. The second output diffraction optical element performs Bragg diffraction reduction on the monochromatic light twice. The three reduced color lights are respectively emitted and converged and finally emitted to human eyes to form a full-color image.
Further, the first input diffractive optical element includes a first incident end grating 6 and a second incident end grating 7, the first output diffractive optical element includes a first exit end grating 8 and a second exit end grating 9, the first incident end grating 6 and the first exit end grating 8 are disposed on one surface of the first slab waveguide 3, and the second incident end grating 7 and the second exit end grating 9 are disposed on the other surface of the first slab waveguide 3;
the second input diffractive optical element comprises a third incident end grating 10 and a fourth incident end grating 11, the second output diffractive optical element comprises a third emergent end grating 12 and a fourth emergent end grating 13, the third incident end grating 10 and the third emergent end grating 12 are arranged on one surface of the second slab waveguide 4, and the fourth incident end grating 11 and the fourth emergent end grating 13 are arranged on the other surface of the second slab waveguide 4;
the third input diffractive optical element includes a fifth incident end grating 14 and a sixth incident end grating 15, the third output diffractive optical element includes a fifth exit end grating 16 and a sixth exit end grating 17, the fifth incident end grating 14 and the fifth exit end grating 16 are disposed on one surface of the third slab waveguide 5, and the sixth incident end grating 15 and the sixth exit end grating 17 are disposed on the other surface of the third slab waveguide 5.
The microdisplay 1 loads an image and emits outward scattered light carrying image information. The scattered light is changed into parallel light by the collimation effect of the collimating mirror 2, and is emitted to the first incident end grating 6 of the first slab waveguide 3, and the first Bragg diffraction is carried out on the monochromatic light. The second incident end grating 7 performs second Bragg diffraction on the monochromatic light, the monochromatic light subjected to the second Bragg diffraction is emitted to the first slab waveguide 3, the first slab waveguide 3 performs multiple total reflections on the monochromatic light, the totally reflected monochromatic light is emitted to the first emergent end grating 8, the first emergent end grating 8 performs first Bragg diffraction reduction on the monochromatic light, and the second emergent end grating 9 performs second Bragg diffraction reduction on the monochromatic light. And filtering out light of one color and emitting the light to a third incident end grating 10 of the second slab waveguide 4, and carrying out first Bragg diffraction on the monochromatic light. The fourth incident end grating 11 performs a second bragg diffraction on the monochromatic light, and transmits the monochromatic light subjected to the second bragg diffraction to the second slab waveguide 4, the second slab waveguide 4 performs a plurality of total reflections on the monochromatic light, and transmits the totally reflected monochromatic light to the third exit end grating 12, the third exit end grating 12 performs a first bragg diffraction reduction on the monochromatic light, and the fourth exit end grating 13 performs a second bragg diffraction reduction on the monochromatic light. And filtering out the light of two colors and emitting the light to the fifth incident end grating 14 of the third slab waveguide 5, and carrying out first Bragg diffraction on the monochromatic light. The sixth incident end grating 15 performs the second bragg diffraction on the monochromatic light, and transmits the monochromatic light subjected to the second bragg diffraction to the third slab waveguide 5, the third slab waveguide 5 performs the multiple total reflection on the monochromatic light, and transmits the totally reflected monochromatic light to the fifth exit end grating 16, the fifth exit end grating 16 performs the first bragg diffraction reduction on the monochromatic light, and the sixth exit end grating 17 performs the second bragg diffraction reduction on the monochromatic light. The three reduced color lights are respectively emitted and converged and finally emitted to human eyes to form a full-color image.
The upper surface grating is attached to the upper surface of the flat waveguide, and the lower surface grating is attached to the lower surface of the flat waveguide, so that the range of incidence angles can be enlarged, and the display brightness is improved.
Here, the first slab waveguide 3 bragg diffracts the green light and transmits the remaining color light. The second slab waveguide 4 bragg diffracts blue light. The third slab waveguide 5 bragg diffracts the red light.
As can be seen from the law of total reflection, when light enters an optically dense medium (slab waveguide) into an optically thinner medium (air), total reflection occurs when the incident angle is greater than the critical angle θ, where the incident angle is equal to the reflection angle. The formula for calculating the critical angle is:
wherein n is1Is the refractive index of air, n2Is the refractive index of the waveguide.
After the green light propagates to the first input diffractive optical element, the propagation direction of the green light is changed due to the diffraction effect of the volume hologram grating. The first incident end grating 6 and the second incident end grating 7 form a double-layer incident end grating, diffracts the green light into a larger incident angle (larger than the critical angle θ), thereby realizing total reflection of the green light in the first slab waveguide 3. After the green light enters the first slab waveguide 3, since the total reflection condition is satisfied, the total reflection propagation is performed in the first slab waveguide 3. Since the green light propagates in the first slab waveguide 3 as parallel light, distortion of the image of the green light is avoided.
After the blue light propagates to the second input diffractive optical element, the propagation direction of the blue light is changed due to the diffraction effect of the volume hologram grating. The third incident end grating 10 and the fourth incident end grating 11 form a double-layer incident end grating, and diffract the blue light into a larger incident angle (larger than the critical angle θ), so as to realize total reflection of the blue light in the second slab waveguide 4. After the blue light enters the second slab waveguide 4, the blue light is propagated in the second slab waveguide 4 by total reflection because the total reflection condition is satisfied. Since the blue light propagates in the second slab waveguide 4 as parallel light, distortion of the blue light image is avoided.
After the red light propagates to the third input diffractive optical element, the propagation direction of the red light is changed due to the diffraction effect of the volume hologram grating. The fifth incident end grating 14 and the sixth incident end grating 15 form a double-layer incident end grating, and diffract the red light into a larger incident angle (larger than the critical angle θ), thereby implementing total reflection of the red light in the third slab waveguide 5. After the red light enters the third slab waveguide 5, since the total reflection condition is satisfied, the total reflection propagation is performed in the third slab waveguide 5. Since the red light propagates in the third slab waveguide 5 in the form of parallel light, distortion of the red light image is avoided.
Further, the first input diffractive optical element and the first output diffractive optical element are mirror images of each other; the second input diffractive optical element and the second output diffractive optical element are mirror images of each other; the third input diffractive optical element and the third output diffractive optical element are mirror images of each other.
Further, the slab waveguide 3 is made of transparent optical glass or transparent optical plastic.
Further, the first input diffractive optical element, the first output diffractive optical element, the second input diffractive optical element, the second output diffractive optical element, the third input diffractive optical element, and the third output diffractive optical element are each a monochromatic reflector type volume holographic grating.
The monochromatic reflection type holographic grating is respectively attached to the left end and the right end of each layer of flat waveguide. The three-layer holographic structure is adopted, the three primary colors of red light, blue light and green light are subjected to volume holographic reflection respectively by using the wavelength selectivity of volume holography, and each color light is independently conducted by using 3 monochromatic gratings, so that the chromatic dispersion and the crosstalk of similar color lights are reduced.
The volume holographic grating has wavelength selectivity, performs Bragg diffraction on selected light, and transmits the rest color light.
Further, the monochromatic reflection type volume holographic grating is prepared by adopting laser interference or nano-imprinting.
Further, the first incident end grating 6, the second incident end grating 7, the first exit end grating 8, the second exit end grating 9, the third incident end grating 10, the fourth incident end grating 11, the third exit end grating 12, the fourth exit end grating 13, the fifth incident end grating 14, the sixth incident end grating 15, the fifth exit end grating 16, and the sixth exit end grating 17 have the same thickness.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, a microdisplay 1, a collimating mirror 2 and a waveguide assembly are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and the waveguide assembly includes three layers of slab waveguides; the microdisplay 1 loads the image and emits outward scattered light carrying image information. The collimating mirror 2 collimates the scattered light to generate parallel light, and the parallel light is emitted to the grating at the incident end. The incident end grating and the emergent end grating are reflection type holographic gratings and are respectively attached to the left end and the right end of each layer of the flat waveguide, and the incident end grating and the emergent end grating form a mirror image relationship. Each layer of flat waveguide adopts a three-layer volume holographic structure, and volume holographic reflection is respectively carried out on three primary colors of red light, blue light and green light by utilizing the wavelength selectivity of volume holographic. The volume holographic grating adopts a double-sided structure, the upper surface grating is attached to the upper surface of the slab waveguide, and the lower surface grating is attached to the lower surface of the slab waveguide.
The optical display technology of using micro display 1 as image source and transmitting light information to human eye through waveguide technology by small integrated optical system belongs to head-wearing augmented reality field, and its key technology lies in using advanced holographic element, such as volume holographic optical element to replace traditional optical element as waveguide coupler, making light totally reflected and propagated in waveguide element, and reaching larger exit pupil range.
According to the volume holographic waveguide display device, a flat waveguide is divided into three layers, red light, blue light and green light are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and three primary colors of RGB are formed; the left end of each layer of slab waveguide is provided with an incident end grating, the right end of each layer of slab waveguide is provided with a reflecting end grating, and the incident end grating and the emergent end grating are both composed of an upper surface grating and a lower surface grating; the incident end grating of each layer generates Bragg diffraction on incident light, and the emergent end grating generates Bragg diffraction reduction on emergent light. Because the incident end grating and the reflecting end grating are in mirror image relationship with each other, the emergent light is reduced into the colored light parallel to the incident light according to the reciprocity theorem. And (4) converging and coupling the three colors of light, and finally emitting the full-color image to human eyes. The three-layer holographic structure is adopted, the three primary colors of red light, blue light and green light are subjected to volume holographic reflection respectively by using the wavelength selectivity of volume holography, and each color light is independently conducted by using 3 monochromatic gratings, so that the chromatic dispersion and the crosstalk of similar color lights are reduced. In addition, the volume holographic grating adopts a double-sided structure, so that the incidence angle range can be enlarged, and the display brightness is improved. The structure can display a full-color image with higher saturation, and the image display quality is improved.
Although the present application has been described above with reference to specific embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that many changes may be made in the configuration and details of the present application within the principles and scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the application is determined by the appended claims, and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the technical features are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (5)
1. A volume holographic waveguide display device, characterized by: the micro display comprises a micro display (1), a collimating mirror (2) and a waveguide component which are sequentially arranged;
the waveguide assembly comprises a first slab waveguide (3), a second slab waveguide (4) and a third slab waveguide (5) which are sequentially arranged, wherein one end of the first slab waveguide (3) is provided with a first input diffraction optical element, the other end of the first slab waveguide (3) is provided with a first output diffraction optical element, one end of the second slab waveguide (4) is provided with a second input diffraction optical element, the other end of the second slab waveguide (4) is provided with a second output diffraction optical element, one end of the third slab waveguide (5) is provided with a third input diffraction optical element, and the other end of the third slab waveguide (5) is provided with a third output diffraction optical element;
the first input diffraction optical element comprises a first incident end grating (6) and a second incident end grating (7), the first output diffraction optical element comprises a first emergent end grating (8) and a second emergent end grating (9), the first incident end grating (6) and the first emergent end grating (8) are arranged on one surface of the first slab waveguide (3), the second incident end grating (7) and the second emergent end grating (9) are arranged on the other surface of the first slab waveguide (3), the first incident end grating (6) and the first emergent end grating (8) are in a mirror image relationship, and the second incident end grating (7) and the second emergent end grating (9) are in a mirror image relationship;
the second input diffractive optical element comprises a third incident end grating (10) and a fourth incident end grating (11), the second output diffractive optical element comprises a third emergent end grating (12) and a fourth emergent end grating (13), the third incident end grating (10) and the third emergent end grating (12) are arranged on one surface of the second slab waveguide (4), the fourth incident end grating (11) and the fourth emergent end grating (13) are arranged on the other surface of the second slab waveguide (4), the third incident end grating (10) and the third emergent end grating (12) are in a mirror image relationship, and the fourth incident end grating (11) and the fourth emergent end grating (13) are in a mirror image relationship;
the third input diffractive optical element comprises a fifth incident end grating (14) and a sixth incident end grating (15), the third output diffractive optical element comprises a fifth exit end grating (16) and a sixth exit end grating (17), the fifth incident end grating (14) and the fifth exit end grating (16) are arranged on one surface of the third slab waveguide (5), the sixth incident end grating (15) and the sixth exit end grating (17) are arranged on the other surface of the third slab waveguide (5), the fifth incident end grating (14) and the fifth exit end grating (16) are in a mirror image relationship, and the sixth incident end grating (15) and the sixth exit end grating (17) are in a mirror image relationship; the first input diffractive optical element, the first output diffractive optical element, the second input diffractive optical element, the second output diffractive optical element, the third input diffractive optical element, and the third output diffractive optical element are each a monochromatic reflection type volume holographic grating.
2. The volume holographic waveguide display of claim 1, in which: the first input diffractive optical element and the first output diffractive optical element are mirror images of each other; the second input diffractive optical element and the second output diffractive optical element are mirror images of each other; the third input diffractive optical element and the third output diffractive optical element are mirror images of each other.
3. The volume holographic waveguide display of claim 1, in which: the flat waveguide (3) is made of transparent optical glass or transparent optical plastic.
4. The volume holographic waveguide display of claim 1, in which: the monochromatic reflection type volume holographic grating is prepared by adopting laser interference or nano-imprinting.
5. The volume holographic waveguide display of claim 4, in which: the first incident end grating (6), the second incident end grating (7), the first emergent end grating (8), the second emergent end grating (9), the third incident end grating (10), the fourth incident end grating (11), the third emergent end grating (12), the fourth emergent end grating (13), the fifth incident end grating (14), the sixth incident end grating (15), the fifth emergent end grating (16) and the sixth emergent end grating (17) have the same thickness.
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| CN110320667A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-10-11 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Holographic grating colour cast compensation system based on optical waveguide and wear display equipment |
| CN111045146B (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2022-03-29 | 奥比中光科技集团股份有限公司 | Grating type optical waveguide and light propagation regulating method thereof |
| CN110954983B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-05-11 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Colored light waveguide structure and display device |
| CN113703174B (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2024-08-06 | 富泰华工业（深圳）有限公司 | Holographic display device |
| CN111580276B (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2021-05-04 | 浙江大学 | Near-eye light field display device and method based on directional scattering waveguide |
| CN113900264B (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2024-08-13 | 富泰华工业（深圳）有限公司 | Holographic display device |
| CN112505925A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-16 | 谷东科技有限公司 | Compact augmented reality near-to-eye device |
| CN112630967B (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-12-13 | 业成科技（成都）有限公司 | Optical waveguide module and electronic equipment |
| CN112782858A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-05-11 | 谷东科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional dynamic full-color display augmented reality holographic near-to-eye display device |
| CN114839765A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-08-02 | 深圳市光舟半导体技术有限公司 | Optical pupil expanding device with large field angle, display device and method |
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