Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of round bar inclinators.Of the invention
Vertical bar gradient measurement instrument body product is small, portability is strong, at low cost, can be applicable in various places;And vertical bar of the invention inclines
Natural measurement of tilt instrument is easy to use, and stability of instrument is strong, and measurement accuracy is high, while present invention also proposes the dipmeters
Measurement method, this method significantly reduce the measurement error of vertical bar gradient, improve the accuracy of measurement result, are suitable for measurement
The vertical bar of various difference tapers.
For device, the technical scheme is that vertical bar inclinator, including measuring system and measurement angle bar;The survey
The side of angulation iron is equipped with elastic band, and the other side is equipped with shackle;The elastic band be equipped with one group be spaced apart be used for and hook
The hook pawl of ring cooperation, is equipped with connection sheet along its crest line on the measurement angle bar, and the connection sheet and measuring system are releasable connection;
The measuring system includes inverted L shape rack and the display screen set on inverted L shape frame top, and the inverted L shape machine frame inside, which is equipped with, to incline
Oblique sensor and processor, processor are electrically connected with display screen and inclination sensor respectively;The inverted L shape rack is equipped with handle
Hand.
Compared with prior art, vertical bar inclinator of the invention achieves following significant technological progress:
(1) for vertical bar gradient measurement instrument of the invention compared to theodolite and three coordinate measuring machine, volume is smaller, portable
Property it is strong, various places can be applicable in, and significantly reduce the instrument cost of measurement vertical bar gradient;
(2) vertical bar gradient measurement instrument of the invention measurement is easy to operate, need to only make to measure angle bar and vertical bar to be measured is tight
Patch, and elastic band is greatly reduced to have the function that fastening measurement angle bar around vertical bar to be measured by hooking pawl and shackle cooperation
The acquisition difficulty of measurement data even can complete the work of vertical bar gradient measurement with ordinary person, and measures fast direct
It sees;The distinctive structure of angle bar is measured simultaneously, so that inclinator has extremely strong stability when measurement, to further increase measurement
Accuracy, on the other hand, using the strong characteristic of measurement angle bar stability, inclinator can be used for the accurate installation of vertical bar;
(3) vertical bar gradient measurement instrument of the invention acquires measurement data by sensor, avoids artificial reading and deposits
Uncompensable errors, make read result it is more accurate;And the analysis of the processor by presetting calculation formula is as a result, save people
The process that work calculates also avoids manually calculating the risk for mistake occur, and the result precision of measurement is high.
As optimization, the angle of the measurement angle bar is 90 ° -150 °.Measure angle bar angle it is smaller when, measurement angle bar with
Vertical bar to be measured is bonded more steady tighter, but the disadvantage is that measures the inner wall of angle bar when the volume (diameter) for being measured vertical bar is larger
Cannot with vertical bar plane tangent to be measured, to influence measurement result;If the angle for measuring angle bar is larger, its applicability is more
It is good, correspondingly, its stability is less better, found after inventor largely calculates, measure the angle of angle bar 90 °-
At 150 °, it can both guarantee the scope of application for measuring angle bar, it is also ensured that the measuring accuracy of inclinator.
As optimization, the side of the measurement angle bar is equipped with three groups of elastic bands, and corresponding, the other side is equipped with three groups of shackles.
Effectively measurement angle bar can be fastened on vertical bar to be measured by three groups of elastic bands, guarantee the axis of connection sheet and vertical bar to be measured
Alignment, to guarantee the accuracy of measurement result.
As optimization, the elastic band is anti-skidding elastic band.Anti-skidding elastic band possesses intensity height, not easy to break, heat resistance
Well, the features such as wearability is good;Angle bar is measured in measurement, when friction is small between measurement angle bar and vertical bar to be measured, measurement
Angle bar easily glides along vertical bar surface to be measured, to influence instrument to the correct reading of measurement result;Anti-skidding elastic band can increase
Add the frictional force between vertical bar to be measured, prevents measurement angle bar from gliding, guarantee the quick and accurate of apparatus measures result.
As optimization, the display plane of the display screen is in tilt down 10 °~15 ° shapes.From ergonomics, people
In the case where not tired, the angle at visual angle is 45 ° or so, and 10 °~45 ° of section belongs to more comfortable visual angle;In instrument
When measurement vertical bar position is higher, display screen with this configuration, people still more can effortlessly see on display screen 12
Reading.
For method, the technical scheme is that the method that gradient measurement is carried out to vertical bar using vertical bar inclinator,
When measurement, it is previously entered the angle of taper of vertical bar to be measured, then measurement angle bar is close to the surface of vertical bar to be measured, pass through elastic band
It around vertical bar to be measured, and keeps measurement angle bar against vertical bar to be measured, and measures crest line and the vertical bar center line to be measured presence of angle bar
One angle can calculate the angle of angle, at this time in conjunction with the opening angle of known measurement angle bar and the taper of vertical bar to be measured
When processor calculates, the tilt angle of inclination sensor itself need to only be subtracted this angle and then subtract again be previously entered it is to be measured
The angle of taper of vertical bar, so that it may obtain the tilt angle of vertical bar to be measured.
Compared with prior art, the measurement method of vertical bar gradient of the invention obtains measurement angle bar by calculation formula
Crest line and vertical bar center line to be measured angle, subtract this error angle in the measurement results, significantly reduce vertical bar gradient
Measurement error, improve the accuracy of measurement result, and this method is suitable for measure the vertical bar of various difference tapers.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description (embodiment) the present invention is further illustrated, but be not intended as pair
The foundation that the present invention limits.
As shown in Figs 1-4, vertical bar inclinator, including measuring system 1 and measurement angle bar 2;The side of the measurement angle bar 2 is set
There is elastic band 21, the other side is equipped with shackle 23;The elastic band 21 be equipped with one group be spaced apart be used for and shackle 23 cooperate
Hook pawl 211, be equipped with connection sheet 22 along its crest line 24 on the measurement angle bar 2, the connection sheet 22 and measuring system 1 are removable
Connection;The measuring system 1 includes inverted L shape rack 11 and the display screen 12 set on 11 top of inverted L shape rack, the inverted L shape machine
Inclination sensor 14 and processor 15 are equipped with inside frame 11, processor 15 electrically connects with display screen 12 and inclination sensor 14 respectively
It connects;The inverted L shape rack 11 is equipped with handle 13.
The angle of the measurement angle bar 2 is 90 ° -150 °.When the angle of measurement angle bar 2 is smaller, measurement angle bar 2 is erected with to be measured
Bar 3 is bonded more steady tighter, but the disadvantage is that the inner wall of measurement angle bar 2 cannot when the volume (diameter) for being measured vertical bar 3 is larger
With 3 plane tangent of vertical bar to be measured, to influence measurement result;If the angle for measuring angle bar 2 is larger, its applicability is more
It is good, correspondingly, its stability is less better, found after inventor largely calculates, the angle of measurement angle bar 2 90 °-
At 150 °, it can both guarantee the scope of application for measuring angle bar 2, it is also ensured that the measuring accuracy of inclinator.
The side of the measurement angle bar 2 is equipped with three groups of elastic bands 21, and corresponding, the other side is equipped with three groups of shackles 23.Pass through
Measurement angle bar 2 can be effectively fastened on vertical bar 3 to be measured by three groups of elastic bands 21, guarantee connection sheet 22 and vertical bar 3 to be measured
Axis alignment, to guarantee the accuracy of measurement result.
The elastic band 21 is anti-skidding elastic band 21.Anti-skidding elastic band 21 possesses intensity height, not easy to break, heat-resist,
The features such as wearability is good;Angle bar 2 is measured in measurement, when friction is small between measurement angle bar 2 and vertical bar to be measured 3, measurement
Angle bar 2 easily glides along 3 surface of vertical bar to be measured, to influence instrument to the correct reading of measurement result;Anti-skidding elastic band 21 can
To increase the frictional force between vertical bar to be measured 3, prevents measurement angle bar 2 from gliding, guarantee the quick and accurate of apparatus measures result.
The display plane of the display screen 12 is in tilt down 10 °~15 ° shapes.From ergonomics, people is not tiring out
In the case where, the angle at visual angle is 45 ° or so, and 10 °~45 ° of section belongs to more comfortable visual angle;It is perpendicular in apparatus measures
When bar position is higher, display screen 12 with this configuration, people still more can effortlessly see the reading on display screen 12.
The method that gradient measurement is carried out to vertical bar using the vertical bar inclinator with above-mentioned specific structure, when measurement, thing
The angle of taper of vertical bar 3 to be measured is first inputted, then measurement angle bar 2 is close to the surface of vertical bar 3 to be measured, bypassed by elastic band 21
Vertical bar 3 to be measured, and keep measurement angle bar 2 against vertical bar 3 to be measured, and measure the crest line 24 of angle bar 2 and 3 center line of vertical bar to be measured is deposited
The angle of angle can be calculated in conjunction with the opening angle of known measurement angle bar 2 and the taper of vertical bar to be measured 3 in an angle,
When processor calculates at this time, the tilt angle of inclination sensor 14 itself only need to be subtracted to this angle and then subtract again and be previously entered
Vertical bar to be measured 3 angle of taper, so that it may obtain the tilt angle of vertical bar 3 to be measured.
Illustrate the working principle and measurement mechanism of vertical bar inclinator below with reference to specifically used step:
Specifically used step:
The taper of vertical bar to be measured need to be learnt in advance using the measuring instrument device, in general, taper is equal to bottom for circular cone
Face diameter is exactly that bottom surface circular diameter subtracts top surface circular diameter again than upper height for rotary table than upper height.Taper is circular cone
An important parameter, in general, the full range of sizes of electric power bar meets national standard, therefore can be with apparent electric power bar
Taper.This instrument is not the disadvantage is that be capable of measuring the electric power bar of unknown taper.
Firstly, the taper of vertical bar 3 to be measured to be converted into the angle of taper of vertical bar 3 to be measured by trigonometric function, in measurement
The taper of vertical bar to be measured is inputted in advance.
Secondly, measurement angle bar 2 to be close to the surface of vertical bar to be measured, bypassed by elastic band 21 to measuring staff, to reach fastening
Effect, keep measurement angle bar 2 abut vertical bar.Inclination sensor 14 in instrument can measure itself tilt angle (with
Ground is referential).
In this step, it would be desirable to it learns, inclination sensor 14 and measurement angle bar 2 are a rigid connection structures,
Inclination sensor 14 is the measurement sensor using ground as absolute coordinate, therefore inclination sensor 14 can directly reflect measurement
The current state (state of crest line 24) of angle bar 2.When measurement angle bar 2 is abutted vertical bar, it is believed that measurement angle bar 2 and vertical bar
It is also rigid connection, inclination sensor 14 can directly reflect the heeling condition of vertical bar at this time.What the heeling condition of vertical bar referred to
It is the heeling condition of the bar center line, if to obtain the heeling condition of center line by measuring angle bar 2, needs to subtract measurement angle
The angle of the crest line 24 of iron 2 and center line, this angle is a unfixed angle, the opening angle of it and measurement angle bar 2 and
The taper of vertical bar has relationship, and when both of which determines, this angle is also determined.In processor processing, need to will only incline
The tilt angle of oblique sensor 14 itself subtracts this angle, so that it may obtain the tilt angle of vertical bar, the i.e. inclination of vertical bar
Angle=14 tilt angles of inclination sensor-included angle-vertical bar angle of taper to be measured;
Inclination sensor 14 can be monitored in real time the state of itself, and the installation of inclination sensor 14 is fixed (for example surveys
The crest line 24 of angulation iron 2 is exactly perpendicularly to inclination sensor 14), obtain the actual angle of inclination for measuring 2 crest line 24 of angle bar at this time,
Horizontal xy axis should be divided herein, to measure the line of 2 crest line 24 of angle bar and center line as x-axis, it is vertical it be y-axis, in x-axis to
Surveying vertical bar, there are fixed angles with measurement 2 crest line 24 of angle bar, therefore, x-axis gradient=crest line 24x axis inclination angle of vertical bar to be measured
Degree-fixed angle -3 angle of taper of vertical bar to be measured;
The y-axis gradient of vertical bar to be measured=crest line 24y axis tilt angle.
The calculating of fixed angle and proof formula are as follows:
Guess:
Angle formed by the center line of circular cone and the crest line of angle bar is a fixed angle, and only with the taper of circular cone and
The variation of the opening angle of angle bar and change.
It proves:
If conical bottom radius surface be R, a height of L,
Using circular cone bottom surface as X-axis, Y-axis, a height of Z axis establishes rectangular coordinate system in space, as shown in figure 5, a plane A is taken,
The plane and conical surface are tangent, and the plane is by point A (X1, Y1, Z1), vertex C (0,0, L) on the circle of bottom surface;Its expression formula is such as
Under:
A plane B tangent with conical surface is taken again, and the plane is by point B (X2, Y2, Z2), vertex C on the circle of bottom surface
(0,0, L);Its expression formula is as follows:
Assuming that the opening angle of angle bar is 90 °, then plane A is perpendicular to plane B, therefore its normal line vector is vertical;X1Y1
It is in the round coordinate taken of taking up an official post in bottom surface, for convenience of calculating, if X1=0, Y1=R;
The intersection equation of available two planes are as follows:
Thus equation can obtain its direction vector are as follows:
And the centerline direction vector of circular cone are as follows:
(0,0,1)
Thus angle equation between the two can be calculated:
Taper B=2R/L is enabled, is obtained:
Card is finished
It is verified through SW2016 software modeling, calculated result is accurate.
Measurement part and measurement angle bar 2 in this instrument are detachable member, difference can be selected to open according to the actual situation
The measurement angle bar 2 of bicker degree measures, prism and cylindrical measurement method be it is the same, select the measurement angle bar 2 of different angle
Purpose be guarantee instrument installation stability and size applicability.
The above-mentioned generality to invention involved in the application is described and be should not be understood to the description of its specific embodiment
For be to the inventive technique scheme constitute limitation.Those skilled in the art can not disobey according to disclosure herein
Under the premise of invention constituent element involved in carrying on the back, to above-mentioned general description or/and specific embodiment (including embodiment)
In public technology feature increased, reduced or combined, formed and belong to other technical sides within the application protection scope
Case.