Diesel engine vent gas after-treatment system and processing method based on high chromium-stainless steel
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of diesel engine vent gas after-treatment system and methods, especially a kind of high based on high-temperature-resistant and anti-corrosion
Six diesel vehicle cyclic regeneration of the state trapping (DOC+DPF) of straight-chromiun stainless steel and the association system of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) are with full
The exhaust treatment system and method for sufficient six emission regulation of diesel locomotive state.
Background technique
It is pre-treatment purification respectively there are three types of the approach of control diesel locomotive exhaust emission has altogether, emission controls by improving combustion is located with rear
Reason purification.Wherein, post-processing purification techniques is exactly that the exhaust gas that combustion chamber is discharged carries out purified treatment in exhaust system.
Key in the emission problem of diesel engine is how to reduce NOxAnd PM, but the NO of diesel enginexIt is one with PM discharge
The contradictory relationship of kind, shifting, the emphasis of emission control work is to carry out NOxWith the compromise of PM.
If exhaust pollution of diesel engines owner PM and NOx.Therefore, for both pollutants, be diesel engine exhaust after
The core of processing technique.The trap-oxidizer of diesel engine mainly has: 1) can reduce the particle trapper (DPF) of PM discharge;2)
NO can be reducedxThe selective reduction catalytic converter (SCR) of discharge.Diesel locomotive post-processes outside machine after using emission controls by improving combustion PM
NOxSCR technology route, emission controls by improving combustion NOxThe PDF technology path for post-processing PM outside machine afterwards may be only available for Ou Si (state four)
Discharge phase.Based on the six stage emission regulation of state that will be put into effect, both the above technology path is unable to satisfy requirement, after tail gas
More technological synthesis applications of processing will become new technological trend.
Currently, filter core study on the carrier and use field in diesel particulate trap DPF: cordierite is at low cost, and heat is swollen
Swollen coefficient is low, can be made into monolithic construction, is widely used in the emission control of heavy truck, but due to its fusing point and thermal capacitance compared with
It is low, congruent melting easily is generated with ash content, in uncontrollable regeneration, is easy to be burnt;Aluminium titanates has excellent thermal-shock resistance
Can, although its thermal coefficient is low, thermal capacity is larger, is suitble to be made into overall structure;Mullite microstructure is by a large amount of needle-shaped
Mullite grains interlock, have big porosity and average pore diameter and high specific surface area, be suitble to big catalysis
Agent coating amount application, but it is with big thermal expansion coefficient, needs to be made into partition type structure;Silicon carbide has high machinery strong
Degree, not easy to fatigue, acidproof and ash content corrosion, while it being also equipped with big thermal capacity and thermal coefficient, high thermal expansion coefficient makes
It cannot be made into overall structure;The thermal coefficient and thermal expansion coefficient of silicon nitride are between cordierite and silicon carbide, Young mould
It measures lower, there is excellent thermal shock resistance, can be made the monolithic construction for not needing segmentation, microstructure has
Many dimplings can effectively increase specific surface area of catalyst, improve the contact area of soot and catalyst, can effectively improve DPF
Regeneration efficiency, but since its production cost is higher, Commercial Prospect is still uncertain at present.
Novel high-chromium cast stainless steel has good corrosion resistance in the high-temperature alkali harshness medium containing solid phase particles
With preferable erosion resistance, good comprehensive mechanical property and casting character, be easy to do integral formula structure, is suitable for diesel engine
The harsh environment of the filter core carrier media of grain catcher DPF.
Summary of the invention
It is difficult to meet the discharge of diesel locomotive state six the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to existing exhaust gas aftertreatment system
Regulation, existing diesel vehicle grain catcher are difficult to low cost under the conditions ofs high temperature corrosion etc. the problem of efficient operation.
The technical solution taken by the invention to solve the above technical problem are as follows:
The first aspect of the invention provides a kind of diesel engine vent gas after-treatment system based on high chromium-stainless steel, packet
It includes:
Oxidation catalyzer, grain catcher and the selective catalytic reduction dress being set in turn on exhaust duct of diesel engine
It sets, and several temperature sensor and pressure sensor of temperature and pressure value everywhere in detection pipeline;
Further include the EGR valve on diesel engine intake general pipeline and exhaust main connecting pipe, is set to diesel engine oil inlet pipe
Fuel pump/electromagnetic injection valve of road, and the carbamide injection valve in urea liquid injection line;And
Data acquisition module is electrically connected the temperature sensor and pressure sensor, for acquiring each sensor detection
Data;With
Control unit is electrically connected the EGR valve, fuel pump/electromagnetic injection valve and carbamide injection valve, and communicates to connect institute
State data acquisition module, for acquisition module based on the data acquisition sensing data, control each valve opening and closing or
Spray regime;
Wherein, the filter core carrier of the grain catcher is made of high-temperature-resistant and anti-corrosion high chromium rust free Steel material.
Preferably, the filter core carrier of the grain catcher is to be made of high-temperature-resistant and anti-corrosion high chromium rust free Steel material
Weaving metallic fibers object.
Further preferred embodiment is the oxidation catalyzer and grain catcher integrated assembling, is constituted continuous
Regenerating Trap device.
The second aspect of the invention provides a kind of diesel engine vent gas post-processing approach based on high chromium-stainless steel, is based on
After-treatment system as described above, method particularly includes:
Diesel engine vent gas first passes around oxidation catalyzer, and CO and HC are oxidized, and exhaust temperature increases, while NO is oxidized to
For NOx, the catalysis characteristics of oxidation catalyzer make PM, and energy is acute in 200 DEG C of temperature environment in subsequent grain catcher
Strong oxidation;Subsequent tail gas passes through in the tail gas of data collecting module collected using selective catalytic reduction device, control unit
The duty parameter of temperature parameter combination diesel engine, control carbamide injection valve adjust aqueous solution of urea the amount of injection, reduce in tail gas
NOxContent heel row is to atmosphere;
When the PM deposition in the filter core carrier of grain catcher is more, after control unit control oil pump/electromagnetic injection valve
Spray improves the HC content in tail gas, is oxidized it in oxidation catalyzer, to improve the temperature of tail gas to 600 DEG C~700 DEG C,
And then fall the soot particulate being collected inside grain catcher by high-temp combustion, realize the regeneration of grain catcher.
Further, this method further includes: control unit is set by control EGR valve and fuel pump/electromagnetic injection valve
EGR rate and fuel oil injection timing, the interior burning of optimization machine, as far as possible PM, NO in reduction tail gasxContent.
The invention has the benefit that six diesel vehicle cyclic regeneration of state trapping (DOC+DPF) and selective catalytic reduction
(SCR) PM and NOx pollution, satisfaction that association system can be effectively reduced in exhaust emissions will put into effect six emission regulation of state;Using
Oxidation catalyzer (DOC) and diesel particulate trap (DPF) carry out the filtering and cyclic regeneration of PM, exhaust treatment system structure
Simply, cost is relatively low;Diesel particulate trap (DPF) uses stainless steel metal fibre material of the high chromium containing elements such as chromium, nickel, molybdenums
Material is fabricated to integral filtering element carrier, and excellent high-temperature-resistant and anti-corrosion performance is conducive to improve service life and the efficiency of DPF, good
Good comprehensive mechanical property and casting character can realize that filter core carrier monoblock type manufactures, be conducive to optimize filter structure, reduce at
This.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 be the six diesel vehicle cyclic regeneration trapping of state and selective catalysis of the present invention based on high chromium-stainless steel also
Former association system composition and connection relationship diagram.
In figure: 1- data acquisition module, 2- temperature and pressure sensor, 3- exhaust pipe, 4- turbocharger, 5- inlet air flow
Quantity sensor, 6-EGR valve, 7- exhaust main, 8- diesel engine, 9- cylinder, 10- inlet manifold, 11- fuel pump/electromagnetic injection valve,
12- fuel tank, 13- carbamide injection valve, 14- urea liquid container, 15- control unit, 16- selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system
System, 17- high-temperature-resistant and anti-corrosion high chromium-stainless steel filter core carrier, 18- grain catcher (DPF), 19- oxidation catalyzer (DOC).
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with specific implementation example with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the first embodiment of the invention provides the post-processing of the diesel engine vent gas based on high chromium-stainless steel system
System, comprising:
Oxidation catalyzer 19, grain catcher 18 and the selective catalysis being set in turn on the exhaust pipe 3 of diesel engine 8
Several temperature sensor and pressure sensor 2 of temperature and pressure value everywhere in reduction apparatus 16, and detection pipeline;Wherein,
The filter core carrier 17 of grain catcher 18 is the weaving metallic fibers object made of high-temperature-resistant and anti-corrosion high chromium rust free Steel material,
18 integrated assembling of oxidation catalyzer 19 and grain catcher constitutes cyclic regeneration capturing device.
It further include being set to diesel engine 8 set on 8 inlet manifold 10 of diesel engine and the EGR valve 6 on 7 connecting pipe of exhaust main
Fuel pump/electromagnetic injection valve 11 on oil inlet pipe, and the carbamide injection valve 13 in urea liquid injection line.Accordingly
, it further include the inlet air flow set on admission line inlet set on the turbocharger 4 between exhaust pipe 3 and admission line
Quantity sensor, the fuel tank 12 being connect with diesel engine oil inlet pipe, the urea liquid being connect with selective catalytic reduction device 16
Container 14.
Further include data acquisition module 1, each temperature sensor and pressure sensor is electrically connected, for acquiring each sensing
The data of device detection.
And control unit 15, electrical connection EGR valve 6, fuel pump/electromagnetic injection valve 11 and carbamide injection valve 13, and lead to
Letter connection data acquisition module 1, the sensing data for being acquired based on data acquisition module 1 control the opening and closing of each valve
Or spray regime, accordingly to be adjusted to exhaust gas component.
In the present embodiment, the filter core carrier of the grain catcher in cyclic regeneration capturing device is high using high-temperature-resistant and anti-corrosion
Straight-chromiun stainless steel material is made.High-temperature-resistant and anti-corrosion high chromium-stainless steel is that stainless steel material is being added based on the materials such as chromium, nickel, molybdenum
The new type stainless steel. corrosion resistance that ingredient is smelt is wanted, has very good property at anticorrosive aspect resistant to high temperatures, can effectively be improved
Service life and efficiency of the grain trap when handling discharged particle.Meanwhile this material have good comprehensive mechanical property and
Casting character has lower cost, it can be achieved that monoblock type manufactures, and the commercial for being conducive to diesel vehicle grain catcher is raw
It produces.
Embodiment 2
It present embodiments provides based on the diesel engine vent gas after-treatment system described in embodiment 1 based on high chromium-stainless steel
The exhaust aftertreatment method of progress, exhaust pollutant control process are as follows:
EGR valve 6 and fuel pump/electromagnetic injection valve 11 are controlled by control unit 15 to set EGR rate and fuel oil injection just
When, the interior burning of optimization machine, as far as possible PM, NO in reduction tail gasxContent;
When PM (soot particulate) deposition in diesel particulate trap (DPF) 18 is less, the tail gas of diesel engine 8
It first passes around oxidation catalyzer (DOC) 19, CO and HC be oxidized, exhaust temperature increases, while NO is oxidized into NOx,
Catalysis characteristics make PM in subsequent grain catcher (DPF) can under conditions of 200 DEG C vigorous oxidation;
The pressure inside DPF is monitored by the tail gas pressure sensor 2 of data acquisition module 1, when DPF internal pressure reaches
When certain value, i.e., when the deposition of PM this moment is more, carry out forced regeneration.Specifically: the fuel oil of the control injection system of control unit 15
Spray is oxidized it in catalytic oxidizer (DCO) 19, to mention after pump/electromagnetic injection valve 11 to improve the HC content in tail gas
The temperature of high exhaust gas, control unit 15 control height of the tail gas at 600 DEG C~700 DEG C according to the feedback of exhaust gas temperature sensor 2
Warm range is collected at the PM inside DPF and burns and realize dpf regeneration;
Tail gas acquires temperature parameter knot in tail gas by temperature and pressure sensor 2 using SCR system, control unit 15
The duty parameter of diesel engine 8 is closed, 13 aqueous solution of urea the amount of injection of carbamide injection valve is controlled, reduces the NO in tail gasxContent.
The specific implementation example of the above is the preferable embodiment of the present invention, is merely to illustrate design of the invention and thinks
Think and feature, its object is to make those skilled in the art can understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, the present invention
Protection scope be not limited to the above embodiments.Shape and structure, mentality of designing and the embodiment party of all devices in accordance with the present invention
Equivalent transformation made by method or modification are within the scope of the present invention.