CN109707430B - Temporary support equipment for tunnel excavation working face and use method - Google Patents
Temporary support equipment for tunnel excavation working face and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109707430B CN109707430B CN201910183476.6A CN201910183476A CN109707430B CN 109707430 B CN109707430 B CN 109707430B CN 201910183476 A CN201910183476 A CN 201910183476A CN 109707430 B CN109707430 B CN 109707430B
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Abstract
The temporary support equipment for the tunneling working face comprises I-type, II-type, III-type and IV-type brackets; the I type bracket and the II type bracket are one; a plurality of III-type and IV-type brackets; the I-type bracket is positioned at the forefront end, the II-type bracket is positioned at the rear end of the I-type bracket, and III-type and IV-type brackets are alternately arranged at the rear end of the II-type bracket; the four-type brackets comprise a door-type frame, a top beam assembly, a supporting leg assembly, a pushing assembly and a side supporting assembly; the top beam component is positioned at the top of the gate-shaped frame, the supporting leg component is positioned at the bottom of the gate-shaped frame, the pushing component is positioned between adjacent brackets, and the side supporting components are positioned at two sides of the middle part of the gate-shaped frame. Peristaltic walking mode: the single rack is moved forward one step in turn until the temporary support device is moved forward one step as a whole. Alternate walking mode: and sequentially labeling the brackets, moving all the odd-numbered brackets forward by one step distance, and moving all the even-numbered brackets forward by one step distance until the temporary support equipment is integrally moved forward by one step distance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine roadway support equipment, and particularly relates to roadway tunneling working face temporary support equipment and a using method thereof.
Background
Coal is a main energy source and an important raw material in China, and accounts for more than 70% of the national primary energy source structure, a large amount of underground tunneling engineering is needed in coal exploitation, and contradiction of mining unbalance and tunneling delayed recovery always exists and is increasingly aggravated. The mechanical, automatic and intelligent development of the tunneling technology level and equipment still lags behind the stoping technology and equipment level, and the tunneling speed lags behind the coal production requirement.
Through multi-ground coal mine investigation, the tunneling construction process (tunneling and permanent support) cannot perform parallel operation to the maximum extent, which is one of the main reasons for influencing the rapid drift of comprehensive tunneling, and in the traditional tunneling process of 'one tunneling and one anchoring', the defects of large time occupation, low starting rate of a tunneling machine, high labor intensity of workers and poor safety exist in the support operation, so that the efficiency of tunneling the tunnel into the tunnel is seriously influenced.
Therefore, development of a temporary support device for a tunneling working face is urgently needed, temporary support is carried out on a newly cut tunnel by using the temporary support device, so that the position of a permanent support is moved backwards, tunneling operation and permanent support operation can be carried out simultaneously, tunneling efficiency can be greatly improved only in this way, personnel safety can be guaranteed, and labor intensity of workers is effectively reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides the temporary support equipment for the tunneling working face and the use method thereof, which can carry out temporary support on a newly cut and formed tunnel so as to move the position of the permanent support backwards, so that tunneling operation and permanent support operation can be carried out simultaneously, further the tunneling efficiency of the tunnel is effectively improved, the safety of personnel can be ensured, and the labor intensity of workers can be effectively reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a temporary support device for a tunneling working face comprises an I-type support, an II-type support, a III-type support and an IV-type support; the number of the I-type brackets and the II-type brackets is only one; the number of the III-type brackets and the IV-type brackets is a plurality; the I-shaped bracket is positioned at the forefront end, the II-shaped bracket is positioned at the rear end of the I-shaped bracket, and III-shaped brackets and IV-shaped brackets are alternately arranged at the rear end of the II-shaped bracket; the I-type support, the II-type support, the III-type support and the IV-type support comprise a door-type frame, a top beam assembly, a supporting leg assembly, a pushing assembly and a side supporting assembly; the top beam assembly is located at the top of the door-shaped frame, the supporting leg assemblies are located at the bottom of the door-shaped frame, the pushing assemblies are located between adjacent brackets, and the side supporting assemblies are located at two sides of the middle of the door-shaped frame.
Three top beam assemblies are uniformly arranged at the top of a gate-type frame of the I-type bracket, and each top beam assembly of the I-type bracket comprises an I-type top beam, a top beam telescopic sleeve, a front cantilever and a front cantilever supporting oil cylinder; the I-shaped top beam is of a Y-shaped structure, is horizontally hinged to the top end of the top beam telescopic sleeve, and the opening side of the I-shaped top beam faces backwards; the front cantilever is hinged to the front end of the I-shaped top beam, one end of the front cantilever supporting oil cylinder is hinged to the lower surface of the front cantilever, and the other end of the front cantilever supporting oil cylinder is hinged to the door-shaped frame.
Two top beam assemblies are uniformly arranged at the top of a gate-type frame of the II-type support, and each top beam assembly of the II-type support comprises a II-type top beam, a top beam telescopic sleeve and a II-type top beam supporting oil cylinder; the top beam telescopic sleeve is vertically arranged at the top of the gate-shaped frame, the II-shaped top beam is of an X-shaped structure, the II-shaped top beam is horizontally hinged at the top end of the top beam telescopic sleeve, and the length of the front half section of the II-shaped top beam is longer than that of the rear half section of the II-shaped top beam; one end of the II-type top beam supporting oil cylinder is hinged to the lower surface of the front half section of the II-type top beam, and the other end of the II-type top beam supporting oil cylinder is hinged to the door-type frame.
Three top beam assemblies are uniformly arranged at the top of the gate-shaped frame of the III-shaped bracket, two top beam assemblies are uniformly arranged at the top of the gate-shaped frame of the IV-shaped bracket, and the III-shaped bracket and the IV-shaped bracket both comprise III-shaped top beams and top beam telescopic sleeves; the top beam telescopic sleeve is vertically arranged at the top of the gate-shaped frame, the III-shaped top beam is of an X-shaped structure, the III-shaped top beam is horizontally hinged to the top end of the top beam telescopic sleeve, and the length of the front half section of the III-shaped top beam is equal to that of the rear half section of the top beam.
The landing leg assembly comprises a landing leg telescopic sleeve and a supporting leg base, the top end of the landing leg telescopic sleeve is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the door-type frame, and the supporting leg base is hinged to the bottom end of the landing leg telescopic sleeve; the support leg base adopts a disc type structure, and the lower surface of the support leg base is provided with crawler thorns.
The pushing assembly comprises a first push rod, a second push rod, a pushing oil cylinder piston rod guide groove and a pushing oil cylinder piston rod guide wheel; the first push rod and the second push rod are identical in structure and are arranged in a crossing way, and the first push rod and the second push rod are hinged at the crossing point; the cylinder barrel end part of the pushing cylinder is hinged on the door-shaped frame, the piston rod guide wheel of the pushing cylinder is hinged on the piston rod end part of the pushing cylinder through a wheel shaft, the piston rod guide groove of the pushing cylinder is vertically and fixedly arranged on the door-shaped frame right below the pushing cylinder, and the piston rod guide wheel of the pushing cylinder is positioned in the piston rod guide groove of the pushing cylinder; the upper ends of the first push rod and the second push rod are respectively hinged to the door-shaped frames of the adjacent brackets, and the lower ends of the first push rod and the second push rod are respectively hinged to the piston rod guide wheel shafts of the pushing cylinders of the adjacent brackets.
The side support assembly comprises a first side support rod, a second side support rod, a side support cylinder piston rod guide groove, a side support cylinder piston rod guide wheel, a pull rod, a side support frame and a metal net; the first side support rods and the second side support rods are identical in structure and are arranged in a crossing way, and the first side support rods are hinged with the second side support rods at crossing points; the side support oil cylinder is vertically arranged, the piston rod faces downwards, and the cylinder barrel of the side support oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the door-shaped frame; the side support oil cylinder piston rod guide groove is vertically and fixedly arranged on the door-shaped frame right above the side support oil cylinder, and the side support oil cylinder piston rod guide wheel is positioned in the side support oil cylinder piston rod guide groove; one end of the pull rod is connected to the guide wheel shaft of the piston rod of the side support cylinder, and the other end of the pull rod is fixedly connected with the end part of the piston rod of the side support cylinder; the upper end of the first side supporting rod is hinged to a guide wheel shaft of a piston rod of the side supporting oil cylinder, and the lower end of the first side supporting rod is hinged to the side supporting frame; the upper end of the second side support rod is provided with a side support rod guide wheel, a side support rod guide groove is vertically and fixedly arranged on the side support frame, the side support rod guide wheel is positioned in the side support rod guide groove, and the lower end of the second side support rod is hinged on the door-shaped frame; the metal net is fixedly paved on the side support frame.
The application method of the temporary support equipment for the tunnel excavation working face adopts a peristaltic walking mode when a tunnel top plate is unstable, and comprises the following steps of:
step one: firstly, a top beam component at the top of a gate-shaped frame of an I-shaped bracket is lowered to the lowest position, then side support components at two sides of the middle part of the gate-shaped frame of the I-shaped bracket are adjusted to a retracted state, and finally a supporting leg component at the bottom of the gate-shaped frame of the I-shaped bracket is adjusted to a lifted state, so that the I-shaped bracket is in a suspended state;
step two: controlling a pushing component between the I-type bracket and the II-type bracket to extend forwards, so that the I-type bracket moves forwards by one step distance;
step three: firstly, adjusting a supporting leg component at the bottom of a door-shaped frame of an I-shaped bracket to an extending state, so that the supporting leg component supports a roadway bottom plate; then, the side support assemblies at two sides of the middle part of the gate-shaped frame of the I-shaped bracket are adjusted to be in an unfolding state, so that the side support assemblies support the roadway side walls; finally, the top beam assembly at the top of the gate-type frame of the I-type bracket is adjusted to be in a lifting state, so that the top beam assembly supports a roadway top plate;
step four: controlling the II-type bracket to move forwards by one step distance according to the moving process of the I-type bracket;
step five: controlling the first III-shaped bracket to move forwards by one step distance according to the moving process of the I-shaped bracket;
step six: controlling the first IV-type bracket to move forwards by one step distance according to the moving process of the I-type bracket;
step seven: and controlling the subsequent III type bracket and the IV type bracket to move forwards by one step distance respectively according to the moving process of the I type bracket until the temporary support equipment moves forwards by one step distance as a whole.
The using method of the temporary support equipment for the tunneling working face adopts an alternate stepping walking mode when surrounding rocks of the tunnel are stable, and comprises the following steps:
step one: marking an I-type bracket as a (1) bracket, marking an II-type bracket as a (2) bracket, and so on, and sequentially marking all the following III-type brackets and IV-type brackets;
step two: firstly, the top beam assemblies at the tops of the gate frames of all odd numbered brackets are lowered to the lowest position, then the side support assemblies at the two sides of the middle part of the gate frames of all odd numbered brackets are adjusted to a retracted state, and finally the leg assemblies at the bottoms of the gate frames of all odd numbered brackets are adjusted to a raised state, so that all odd numbered brackets are in a suspended state;
step three: controlling the pushing assemblies behind all odd numbered brackets to extend forwards, so that all odd numbered brackets move forwards by one step distance;
step four: firstly, adjusting the leg assemblies at the bottoms of the gate frames of all odd numbered brackets to an extending state so that the leg assemblies support a roadway bottom plate; then, the side support assemblies on two sides of the middle part of the gate-shaped frame of all odd numbered brackets are adjusted to be in an unfolding state, so that the side support assemblies support the roadway side walls; finally, the top beam assemblies at the tops of the gate-type frames of all odd numbered brackets are adjusted to be in a lifting state, so that the top beam assemblies support the roadway top plate;
step five: with reference to the moving process of the odd numbered brackets, all the even numbered brackets are controlled to move forward by one step distance until the temporary support equipment is moved forward by one step distance as a whole.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the temporary support equipment for the tunneling working face and the use method, disclosed by the invention, the newly cut and formed tunnel can be subjected to temporary support so as to move the position of the permanent support backwards, so that tunneling operation and permanent support operation can be simultaneously carried out, the tunneling efficiency of the tunnel is effectively improved, the safety of personnel can be ensured, and the labor intensity of workers can be effectively reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a temporary support apparatus for a roadway driving face of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a temporary support apparatus for a roadway driving face in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a temporary support apparatus for a roadway driving face according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a type III stent of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a side support assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the temporary support device of the present invention in peristaltic travel;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the temporary support apparatus of the present invention in an alternate step mode;
in the figure, the 1-type support, the 2-type support, the 3-type support, the 4-type support, the 5-door type frame, the 6-top beam assembly, the 61-type I top beam, the 62-top beam telescopic sleeve, the 63-front cantilever beam, the 64-front cantilever beam supporting cylinder, the 65-type II top beam, the 66-type II top beam supporting cylinder, the 67-type III top beam, the 7-supporting leg assembly, the 71-supporting leg telescopic sleeve, the 72-supporting leg base, the 73-track, the 8-pushing assembly, the 81-first push rod, the 82-second push rod, the 83-pushing cylinder, the 84-pushing cylinder piston rod guide groove, the 85-pushing cylinder piston rod guide wheel, the 9-side supporting assembly, the 91-first side supporting rod, the 92-second side supporting rod, the 93-side supporting cylinder, the 94-side supporting cylinder piston rod guide groove, the 95-side supporting cylinder piston rod guide wheel, the 96-pull rod, the 97-side supporting frame, the 98-metal net and the 99-side supporting rod guide groove.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and to specific examples.
1-5, the temporary support equipment for the tunneling working face comprises an I-type support 1, an II-type support 2, a III-type support 3 and an IV-type support 4; the number of the I-shaped brackets 1 and the II-shaped brackets 2 is only one; the number of the III-type brackets 3 and the IV-type brackets 4 is three; the I-shaped bracket 1 is positioned at the forefront end, the II-shaped bracket 2 is positioned at the rear end of the I-shaped bracket 1, and III-shaped brackets 3 and IV-shaped brackets 4 are alternately arranged at the rear end of the II-shaped bracket 2; the I-type bracket 1, the II-type bracket 2, the III-type bracket 3 and the IV-type bracket 4 comprise a door-type frame 5, a top beam assembly 6, a supporting leg assembly 7, a pushing assembly 8 and a side supporting assembly 9; the top beam assembly 6 is located at the top of the door-shaped frame 5, the supporting leg assembly 7 is located at the bottom of the door-shaped frame 5, the pushing assembly 8 is located between adjacent brackets, and the side supporting assemblies 9 are located on two sides of the middle of the door-shaped frame 5.
Three top beam assemblies 6 are uniformly arranged on the top of the door-shaped frame 5 of the I-shaped bracket 1, and the top beam assemblies 6 of the I-shaped bracket 1 comprise I-shaped top beams 61, top beam telescopic sleeves 62, front cantilever beams 63 and front cantilever beam supporting oil cylinders 64; the top beam telescopic sleeve 62 is vertically arranged at the top of the door-shaped frame 5, the I-shaped top beam 61 is of a Y-shaped structure, the I-shaped top beam 61 is horizontally hinged at the top end of the top beam telescopic sleeve 62, and the opening side of the I-shaped top beam 61 faces backwards; the front cantilever 63 is hinged to the front end of the I-shaped top beam 61, one end of the front cantilever support cylinder 64 is hinged to the lower surface of the front cantilever 63, and the other end of the front cantilever support cylinder 64 is hinged to the gate-shaped frame 5.
Two top beam assemblies 6 are uniformly arranged on the top of the gate-shaped frame 5 of the II-shaped bracket 2, and the top beam assemblies 6 of the II-shaped bracket 2 comprise II-shaped top beams 65, top beam telescopic sleeves 62 and II-shaped top beam supporting oil cylinders 66; the top beam telescopic sleeve 62 is vertically arranged at the top of the door-type frame 5, the II-type top beam 65 is of an X-type structure, the II-type top beam 65 is horizontally hinged at the top end of the top beam telescopic sleeve 62, and the length of a front half section beam body of the II-type top beam 65 is longer than that of a rear half section beam body; one end of the II-type top beam supporting oil cylinder 66 is hinged to the lower surface of the front half section beam body of the II-type top beam 65, and the other end of the II-type top beam supporting oil cylinder 66 is hinged to the door-type frame 5.
Three top beam assemblies 6 are uniformly arranged on the top of the gate-type frame 5 of the III-type support 3, two top beam assemblies 6 are uniformly arranged on the top of the gate-type frame 5 of the IV-type support 4, and the III-type support 3 and the IV-type support 4 both comprise III-type top beams 67 and top beam telescopic sleeves 62; the top beam telescopic sleeve 62 is vertically arranged at the top of the door-type frame 5, the III-type top beam 67 is of an X-type structure, the III-type top beam 67 is horizontally hinged to the top end of the top beam telescopic sleeve 62, and the length of the front half section of the III-type top beam 67 is equal to that of the rear half section of the top beam.
In the embodiment, the upper surfaces of the I-shaped top beam 61, the II-shaped top beam 65 and the III-shaped top beam 67 are covered with rubber layers, so that the damage to a roadway roof can be reduced; the I-shaped top beam 61 is of a Y-shaped structure, the II-shaped top beam 65 and the III-shaped top beam 67 are of an X-shaped structure, and the supporting range of the top beam to the roadway roof can be enlarged; the top beam telescopic sleeve 62 adopts a rectangular tubular structure; the supporting range can be increased through the front cantilever 63, and the front cantilever is used for assisting the anchoring operation; the swing angle of the front cantilever 63 can be adjusted through the front cantilever supporting oil cylinder 64, and the swing angle of the II-type top beam 65 can be adjusted through the II-type top beam supporting oil cylinder 66, so that the longitudinal inclination angle deviation, the transverse inclination angle deviation and the local unevenness of a roadway roof can be well adapted to ensure the supporting effect.
In addition, as three top beam assemblies 6 are uniformly arranged at the top of the gate-shaped frame 5 of the I-shaped bracket 1, two top beam assemblies 6 are uniformly arranged at the top of the gate-shaped frame 5 of the II-shaped bracket 2, three top beam assemblies 6 are uniformly arranged at the top of the gate-shaped frame 5 of the III-shaped bracket 3, and two top beam assemblies 6 are uniformly arranged at the top of the gate-shaped frame 5 of the IV-shaped bracket 4, the top beam assemblies 6 between adjacent brackets can be ensured to be respectively staggered in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction, so that all the top beam assemblies 6 are integrally in a net shape, the supporting range of the roadway roof is ensured, and a precondition is provided for alternate walking of temporary supporting equipment.
The support leg assembly 7 comprises a support leg telescopic sleeve 71 and a support leg base 72, wherein the top end of the support leg telescopic sleeve 71 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the door-type frame 5, and the support leg base 72 is hinged to the bottom end of the support leg telescopic sleeve 71; the support foot base 72 adopts a disc type structure, and the lower surface of the support foot base 72 is provided with crawler thorns 73. The contact force between the support foot base 72 and the roadway floor can be increased through the track 73, so that slipping is prevented; the whole height of the supporting leg assembly 7 can be adjusted through the supporting leg telescopic sleeve 71, so that the supporting leg assembly can adapt to roadways with different heights, and has stronger adaptability to uneven roadway bottom plates.
The pushing assembly 8 comprises a first push rod 81, a second push rod 82, a pushing cylinder 83, a pushing cylinder piston rod guide groove 84 and a pushing cylinder piston rod guide wheel 85; the first push rod 81 and the second push rod 82 have the same structure and are arranged in a crossing way, and the first push rod 81 and the second push rod 82 are hinged at the crossing point; the cylinder end of the pushing cylinder 83 is hinged to the door-shaped frame 5, the pushing cylinder piston rod guide wheel 85 is hinged to the piston rod end of the pushing cylinder 83 through a wheel shaft, the pushing cylinder piston rod guide groove 84 is vertically and fixedly arranged on the door-shaped frame 5 right below the pushing cylinder 83, and the pushing cylinder piston rod guide wheel 85 is positioned in the pushing cylinder piston rod guide groove 84; the upper ends of the first push rod 81 and the second push rod 82 are respectively hinged to the door-shaped frames 5 of the adjacent brackets, and the lower ends of the first push rod 81 and the second push rod 82 are respectively hinged to the wheel shafts of the piston rod guide wheels 85 of the pushing cylinders of the adjacent brackets.
The pushing component 8 is a core component with walking and turning capabilities, when the temporary support equipment needs to walk linearly, only the extending lengths of the piston rods of the pushing cylinders 83 on two sides of the gate frame 5 are equal, when the temporary support equipment needs to turn, only the extending lengths of the piston rods of the pushing cylinders 83 on two sides of the gate frame 5 are different, a certain angle can be generated between the gate frames 5 of the adjacent supports, and therefore the temporary support equipment can independently realize pose adjustment to adapt to turning working conditions. In addition, during the operation of the temporary support equipment, due to factors such as unevenness of the roadway roof, the brackets can be subjected to offset load forces in all directions, and at the moment, the pushing assemblies 8 have the function of keeping the distance between the brackets, so that the temporary support equipment can work stably as a whole.
The side support assembly 9 comprises a first side support rod 91, a second side support rod 92, a side support cylinder 93, a side support cylinder piston rod guide groove 94, a side support cylinder piston rod guide wheel 95, a pull rod 96, a side support frame 97 and a metal net 98; the first side supporting rods 91 and the second side supporting rods 92 are identical in structure and are arranged in a crossing mode, and the first side supporting rods 91 are hinged to the second side supporting rods 92 at crossing points; the side support oil cylinders 93 are vertically arranged, the piston rods face downwards, and the cylinder barrels of the side support oil cylinders 93 are fixedly connected to the door-shaped frame 5; the side support cylinder piston rod guide groove 94 is vertically and fixedly arranged on the door-shaped frame 5 right above the side support cylinder 93, and the side support cylinder piston rod guide wheel 95 is positioned in the side support cylinder piston rod guide groove 94; one end of the pull rod 96 is connected to the wheel shaft of the piston rod guide wheel 95 of the side support cylinder, and the other end of the pull rod 96 is fixedly connected with the end part of the piston rod of the side support cylinder 93; the upper end of the first side supporting rod 91 is hinged to a wheel shaft of a piston rod guide wheel 95 of the side supporting oil cylinder, and the lower end of the first side supporting rod 91 is hinged to a side supporting frame 97; the upper end of the second side supporting rod 92 is provided with a side supporting rod guide wheel, a side supporting rod guide groove 99 is vertically and fixedly arranged on the side supporting frame 97, the side supporting rod guide wheel is positioned in the side supporting rod guide groove 99, and the lower end of the second side supporting rod 92 is hinged on the door-shaped frame 5; the metal mesh 98 is fixedly laid on the side support frame 97.
In the embodiment, the whole side supporting frame 97 adopts a frame type structure, the upper end and the lower end of the side supporting frame 97 are provided with circular arc sections, the circular arc sections can be well adapted to roadway fillets, and meanwhile, the damage to roadway side walls can be reduced; elastic comb structures are arranged on two sides of the side supporting frame 97 to enlarge the supporting range of the side supporting frame 97, and the metal net 98 paved on the surface of the side supporting frame 97 can further improve the supporting effect. The pull rod 96 is used for enabling the piston rod of the side support oil cylinder 93 to extend to output thrust, and then the side support frame 97 is pushed out by means of the crossed first side support rod 91 and second side support rod 92, so that the support force output by the side support assembly 9 is ensured to be larger, and meanwhile, the size of the side support oil cylinder 93 can be reduced. The side support components 9 between the brackets can work independently, so that the adaptability of the side support components to the roadway side walls is stronger, and the roadway side walls can be supported alternately.
The working principle of the temporary support equipment of the invention is as follows: temporary support equipment needs to be ridden above the heading machine and cover the whole heading machine, when the heading machine finishes tunneling work for a certain distance, the empty top distance of a tunnel top plate is increased, the tunnel top plate becomes unstable, roof collapse and other accidents are easy to occur at the moment, the temporary support equipment needs to be controlled to move forward below the tunnel top plate to be supported, supporting force is provided by a top beam assembly 6 to support the unstable tunnel top plate, and then a tunnel side wall is supported through a side supporting assembly 9 so as to prevent the occurrence of wall caving, and the safety of the tunneling machine and personnel below is ensured.
The application method of the temporary support equipment for the tunneling working face comprises the following steps of:
step one: firstly, the top beam component 6 at the top of the door-shaped frame 5 of the I-shaped bracket 1 is lowered to the lowest position, then the side supporting components 9 at the two sides of the middle part of the door-shaped frame 5 of the I-shaped bracket 1 are adjusted to a retracted state, and finally the supporting leg component 7 at the bottom of the door-shaped frame 5 of the I-shaped bracket 1 is adjusted to a lifted state, so that the I-shaped bracket 1 is in a suspended state;
step two: controlling a pushing component 8 between the I-shaped bracket 1 and the II-shaped bracket 2 to extend forwards, so that the I-shaped bracket 1 moves forwards by one step distance;
step three: firstly, adjusting a supporting leg assembly 7 at the bottom of a door-shaped frame 5 of an I-shaped bracket 1 to an extending state, so that the supporting leg assembly 7 supports a roadway bottom plate; the side support assemblies 9 on two sides of the middle part of the door-shaped frame 5 of the I-shaped bracket 1 are adjusted to be in an unfolding state, so that the side support assemblies 9 support roadway side edges; finally, the top beam assembly 6 at the top of the door-shaped frame 5 of the I-shaped bracket 1 is adjusted to be in a lifting state, so that the top beam assembly 6 supports a roadway top plate;
step four: controlling the II type bracket 2 to move forwards by one step distance according to the moving process of the I type bracket 1;
step five: controlling the first III-type bracket 3 to move forward by one step distance with reference to the moving process of the I-type bracket 1;
step six: controlling the first IV-type stand 4 to move forward by one step with reference to the moving process of the I-type stand 1;
step seven: with reference to the moving process of the type I rack 1, the following type III rack 3 and type IV rack 4 are controlled to move forward by one step respectively until the temporary support equipment moves forward by one step as a whole.
When the tunnel roof is unstable, the temporary support equipment is required to provide larger supporting force, and meanwhile, the constant supporting force is ensured as much as possible in the frame moving process.
The application method of the temporary support equipment for the tunneling working face comprises the following steps of:
step one: marking the I-shaped bracket 1 as a (1) bracket, marking the II-shaped bracket 2 as a (2) bracket, and sequentially marking all the following III-shaped brackets 3 and IV-shaped brackets 4 by analogy;
step two: firstly, the top beam assemblies 6 at the tops of the gate frames 5 of all odd numbered brackets are lowered to the lowest position, then the side support assemblies 9 at the two sides of the middle parts of the gate frames 5 of all odd numbered brackets are adjusted to a retracted state, and finally the supporting leg assemblies 7 at the bottoms of the gate frames 5 of all odd numbered brackets are adjusted to a raised state, so that all odd numbered brackets are in a suspended state;
step three: controlling the pushing assemblies 8 behind all odd numbered brackets to extend forwards, so that all odd numbered brackets move forwards by one step distance;
step four: firstly, adjusting the supporting leg assemblies 7 at the bottoms of the gate frames 5 of all odd numbered brackets to an extending state, so that the supporting leg assemblies 7 support a roadway bottom plate; then, the side support assemblies 9 on two sides of the middle part of the gate-type frame 5 of all odd numbered brackets are adjusted to be in an unfolding state, so that the side support assemblies 9 support the roadway side walls; finally, the top beam assemblies 6 at the tops of the gate frames 5 of all odd numbered brackets are adjusted to be in a lifting state, so that the top beam assemblies 6 support the roadway top plate;
step five: with reference to the moving process of the odd numbered brackets, all the even numbered brackets are controlled to move forward by one step distance until the temporary support equipment is moved forward by one step distance as a whole.
When the surrounding rock of the roadway is stable, the influence of the temporary support equipment on the top plate of the roadway is small, and the temporary support equipment is preferentially in an alternate stepping walking mode. In actual work, the walking mode and the step distance of the temporary support equipment can be adjusted at any time according to the surrounding rock condition of the roadway, so that the working efficiency can be maximized on the premise of ensuring the support effect.
The embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather are intended to cover all equivalent implementations or modifications that can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a tunnelling face temporary support equipment which characterized in that: comprises a type I bracket, a type II bracket, a type III bracket and a type IV bracket; the number of the I-type brackets and the II-type brackets is only one; the number of the III-type brackets and the IV-type brackets is a plurality; the I-shaped bracket is positioned at the forefront end, the II-shaped bracket is positioned at the rear end of the I-shaped bracket, and III-shaped brackets and IV-shaped brackets are alternately arranged at the rear end of the II-shaped bracket; the I-type support, the II-type support, the III-type support and the IV-type support comprise a door-type frame, a top beam assembly, a supporting leg assembly, a pushing assembly and a side supporting assembly; the top beam assembly is positioned at the top of the gate-shaped frame, the supporting leg assemblies are positioned at the bottom of the gate-shaped frame, the pushing assemblies are positioned between adjacent brackets, and the side supporting assemblies are positioned at two sides of the middle of the gate-shaped frame;
three top beam assemblies are uniformly arranged at the top of a gate-type frame of the I-type bracket, and each top beam assembly of the I-type bracket comprises an I-type top beam, a top beam telescopic sleeve, a front cantilever and a front cantilever supporting oil cylinder; the I-shaped top beam is of a Y-shaped structure, is horizontally hinged to the top end of the top beam telescopic sleeve, and the opening side of the I-shaped top beam faces backwards; the front cantilever is hinged to the front end of the I-shaped top beam, one end of the front cantilever supporting oil cylinder is hinged to the lower surface of the front cantilever, and the other end of the front cantilever supporting oil cylinder is hinged to the door-shaped frame;
two top beam assemblies are uniformly arranged at the top of a gate-type frame of the II-type support, and each top beam assembly of the II-type support comprises a II-type top beam, a top beam telescopic sleeve and a II-type top beam supporting oil cylinder; the top beam telescopic sleeve is vertically arranged at the top of the gate-shaped frame, the II-shaped top beam is of an X-shaped structure, the II-shaped top beam is horizontally hinged at the top end of the top beam telescopic sleeve, and the length of the front half section of the II-shaped top beam is longer than that of the rear half section of the II-shaped top beam; one end of the II-type top beam supporting oil cylinder is hinged to the lower surface of the front half section of the II-type top beam, and the other end of the II-type top beam supporting oil cylinder is hinged to the door-type frame;
the pushing assembly comprises a first push rod, a second push rod, a pushing oil cylinder piston rod guide groove and a pushing oil cylinder piston rod guide wheel; the first push rod and the second push rod are identical in structure and are arranged in a crossing way, and the first push rod and the second push rod are hinged at the crossing point; the cylinder barrel end part of the pushing cylinder is hinged on the door-shaped frame, the piston rod guide wheel of the pushing cylinder is hinged on the piston rod end part of the pushing cylinder through a wheel shaft, the piston rod guide groove of the pushing cylinder is vertically and fixedly arranged on the door-shaped frame right below the pushing cylinder, and the piston rod guide wheel of the pushing cylinder is positioned in the piston rod guide groove of the pushing cylinder; the upper ends of the first push rod and the second push rod are respectively hinged to the door-shaped frames of the adjacent brackets, and the lower ends of the first push rod and the second push rod are respectively hinged to the piston rod guide wheel shafts of the pushing cylinders of the adjacent brackets;
the side support assembly comprises a first side support rod, a second side support rod, a side support cylinder piston rod guide groove, a side support cylinder piston rod guide wheel, a pull rod, a side support frame and a metal net; the first side support rods and the second side support rods are identical in structure and are arranged in a crossing way, and the first side support rods are hinged with the second side support rods at crossing points; the side support oil cylinder is vertically arranged, the piston rod faces downwards, and the cylinder barrel of the side support oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the door-shaped frame; the side support oil cylinder piston rod guide groove is vertically and fixedly arranged on the door-shaped frame right above the side support oil cylinder, and the side support oil cylinder piston rod guide wheel is positioned in the side support oil cylinder piston rod guide groove; one end of the pull rod is connected to the guide wheel shaft of the piston rod of the side support cylinder, and the other end of the pull rod is fixedly connected with the end part of the piston rod of the side support cylinder; the upper end of the first side supporting rod is hinged to a guide wheel shaft of a piston rod of the side supporting oil cylinder, and the lower end of the first side supporting rod is hinged to the side supporting frame; the upper end of the second side support rod is provided with a side support rod guide wheel, a side support rod guide groove is vertically and fixedly arranged on the side support frame, the side support rod guide wheel is positioned in the side support rod guide groove, and the lower end of the second side support rod is hinged on the door-shaped frame; the metal net is fixedly paved on the side support frame.
2. A tunneling working face temporary support apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: three top beam assemblies are uniformly arranged at the top of the gate-shaped frame of the III-shaped bracket, two top beam assemblies are uniformly arranged at the top of the gate-shaped frame of the IV-shaped bracket, and the III-shaped bracket and the IV-shaped bracket both comprise III-shaped top beams and top beam telescopic sleeves; the top beam telescopic sleeve is vertically arranged at the top of the gate-shaped frame, the III-shaped top beam is of an X-shaped structure, the III-shaped top beam is horizontally hinged to the top end of the top beam telescopic sleeve, and the length of the front half section of the III-shaped top beam is equal to that of the rear half section of the top beam.
3. A tunneling working face temporary support apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the landing leg assembly comprises a landing leg telescopic sleeve and a supporting leg base, the top end of the landing leg telescopic sleeve is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the door-type frame, and the supporting leg base is hinged to the bottom end of the landing leg telescopic sleeve; the support leg base adopts a disc type structure, and the lower surface of the support leg base is provided with crawler thorns.
4. The method for using the temporary support equipment for the tunneling working face of claim 1, which adopts a peristaltic walking mode when a tunnel roof is unstable, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one: firstly, a top beam component at the top of a gate-shaped frame of an I-shaped bracket is lowered to the lowest position, then side support components at two sides of the middle part of the gate-shaped frame of the I-shaped bracket are adjusted to a retracted state, and finally a supporting leg component at the bottom of the gate-shaped frame of the I-shaped bracket is adjusted to a lifted state, so that the I-shaped bracket is in a suspended state;
step two: controlling a pushing component between the I-type bracket and the II-type bracket to extend forwards, so that the I-type bracket moves forwards by one step distance;
step three: firstly, adjusting a supporting leg component at the bottom of a door-shaped frame of an I-shaped bracket to an extending state, so that the supporting leg component supports a roadway bottom plate; then, the side support assemblies at two sides of the middle part of the gate-shaped frame of the I-shaped bracket are adjusted to be in an unfolding state, so that the side support assemblies support the roadway side walls; finally, the top beam assembly at the top of the gate-type frame of the I-type bracket is adjusted to be in a lifting state, so that the top beam assembly supports a roadway top plate;
step four: controlling the II-type bracket to move forwards by one step distance according to the moving process of the I-type bracket;
step five: controlling the first III-shaped bracket to move forwards by one step distance according to the moving process of the I-shaped bracket;
step six: controlling the first IV-type bracket to move forwards by one step distance according to the moving process of the I-type bracket;
step seven: and controlling the subsequent III type bracket and the IV type bracket to move forwards by one step distance respectively according to the moving process of the I type bracket until the temporary support equipment moves forwards by one step distance as a whole.
5. The method for using the temporary support equipment for the tunneling working face, which is disclosed in claim 1, adopts an alternate stepping walking mode when surrounding rocks of the roadway are stable, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one: marking an I-type bracket as a (1) bracket, marking an II-type bracket as a (2) bracket, and so on, and sequentially marking all the following III-type brackets and IV-type brackets;
step two: firstly, the top beam assemblies at the tops of the gate frames of all odd numbered brackets are lowered to the lowest position, then the side support assemblies at the two sides of the middle part of the gate frames of all odd numbered brackets are adjusted to a retracted state, and finally the leg assemblies at the bottoms of the gate frames of all odd numbered brackets are adjusted to a raised state, so that all odd numbered brackets are in a suspended state;
step three: controlling the pushing assemblies behind all odd numbered brackets to extend forwards, so that all odd numbered brackets move forwards by one step distance;
step four: firstly, adjusting the leg assemblies at the bottoms of the gate frames of all odd numbered brackets to an extending state so that the leg assemblies support a roadway bottom plate; then, the side support assemblies on two sides of the middle part of the gate-shaped frame of all odd numbered brackets are adjusted to be in an unfolding state, so that the side support assemblies support the roadway side walls; finally, the top beam assemblies at the tops of the gate-type frames of all odd numbered brackets are adjusted to be in a lifting state, so that the top beam assemblies support the roadway top plate;
step five: with reference to the moving process of the odd numbered brackets, all the even numbered brackets are controlled to move forward by one step distance until the temporary support equipment is moved forward by one step distance as a whole.
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| CN113790073B (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2024-12-20 | 内蒙古绿矿科技有限公司 | A crawler-type retractable temporary support bracket and support method thereof |
| CN115341913A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-11-15 | 太重煤机有限公司 | Coal Mine Roadway Excavation Complete Equipment and Its Application Method |
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