CN109694311B - 一种异甘草素的合成方法 - Google Patents
一种异甘草素的合成方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109694311B CN109694311B CN201910075376.1A CN201910075376A CN109694311B CN 109694311 B CN109694311 B CN 109694311B CN 201910075376 A CN201910075376 A CN 201910075376A CN 109694311 B CN109694311 B CN 109694311B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- isoliquiritigenin
- parts
- paeonol
- solution
- reaction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- DXDRHHKMWQZJHT-FPYGCLRLSA-N isoliquiritigenin Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1\C=C\C(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1O DXDRHHKMWQZJHT-FPYGCLRLSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- JBQATDIMBVLPRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoliquiritigenin Natural products OC1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1OC2=CC(O)=CC=C2C(=O)C1 JBQATDIMBVLPRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 235000008718 isoliquiritigenin Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- RGHHSNMVTDWUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 RGHHSNMVTDWUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- UILPJVPSNHJFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Paeonol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C(C)=O)C(O)=C1 UILPJVPSNHJFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- YLTGFGDODHXMFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoacetovanillon Natural products COC1=CC=C(C(C)=O)C=C1O YLTGFGDODHXMFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- MLIBGOFSXXWRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N paeonol Natural products COC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)=O)=C1 MLIBGOFSXXWRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000042 hydrogen bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005903 acid hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005882 aldol condensation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- DXDRHHKMWQZJHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoliquiritigenin chalcone Natural products C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C=CC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1O DXDRHHKMWQZJHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 description 12
- SULYEHHGGXARJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2',4'-dihydroxyacetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1O SULYEHHGGXARJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- KLAKIAVEMQMVBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-hydroxy-phenacyl alcohol Natural products OCC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KLAKIAVEMQMVBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 5
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- KQIADDMXRMTWHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro-tri(propan-2-yl)silane Chemical compound CC(C)[Si](Cl)(C(C)C)C(C)C KQIADDMXRMTWHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000004203 4-hydroxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]OC1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002879 Lewis base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000007527 lewis bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BCNZYOJHNLTNEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)Cl BCNZYOJHNLTNEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010006187 Breast cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000026310 Breast neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010009944 Colon cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000001333 Colorectal Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000009636 Huang Qi Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010058467 Lung neoplasm malignant Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010060862 Prostate cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000000236 Prostatic Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000046101 Sophora japonica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010586 Sophora japonica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012847 fine chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013373 food additive Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002778 food additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000005202 lung cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000020816 lung neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000004881 tumor cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/61—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
- C07C45/64—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by introduction of functional groups containing oxygen only in singly bound form
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/61—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
- C07C45/67—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
- C07C45/68—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
- C07C45/72—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction of compounds containing >C = O groups with the same or other compounds containing >C = O groups
- C07C45/74—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction of compounds containing >C = O groups with the same or other compounds containing >C = O groups combined with dehydration
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种异甘草素的合成方法,是以丹皮酚和对羟基苯甲醛为原料,在碱性催化剂的作用下通过克莱森‑施密特缩合反应直接合成4’‑甲氧基‑2’,4‑二羟基查尔酮,再在氢溴酸作用下使分子中的醚键断开,转化为2’,4,4’‑三羟基查尔酮即为异甘草素,重结晶后获得纯度较高的异甘草素。丹皮酚和对羟基苯甲醛的投料比为:丹皮酚(mol):对羟基苯甲醛(mol)=1:1。异甘草素的合成在常温下进行,合成步骤少,反应时间短,不需要复杂的分离可连续进行,原料的转化率高,总产率能够达到85%,产品纯度在96%以上。合成工艺绿色环保,原料丹皮酚廉价易得,产品的生产成本低。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机合成技术领域,涉及的是一种异甘草素的合成方法。
背景技术
业已发现,异甘草素(Isoliquiritigenin)化学名称为(E)-1-(2,4-二羟基苯基)-3-(4-羟基苯基)-2-丙烯-1-酮,又称为2’,4,4’-三羟基查尔酮,能抑制肺癌、乳腺癌、前列腺癌、大肠癌等多种肿瘤细胞的增殖,具有显著的抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗炎、抗氧化等多种生物活性。因此,异甘草素已广泛地应用于药品、精细化工品、化妆品助剂、食品添加剂等中。
异甘草素的来源有两种,一是从一些含有异甘草素的药用植物中提取,二是通过合成方法制取。
甘草、石竹、降香、黄檀、槐树、黄芪、串果藤等药用植物中含有少量的异甘草素,可以从这些植物中直接提取异甘草素。但是由于这些植物中异甘草素的含量低,不仅存在提取率低(提取率仅为0.37‰)的问题,而且需要克服溶剂回收、脱脂脱色、残渣处理、分离富集等很多问题和困难,提纯难度很大,收率却很低,生产成本很高,这也是造成异甘草素现行市场价格极为昂贵的原因之一。为此,人们提出了一些合成异甘草素的方法。实践证明,通过合成方法制取异甘草素可以降低生产成本,增加市场的供应量。
现有合成异甘草素的方法大多以2,4-二羟基苯乙酮和4-羟基苯甲醛为原料,经过羟基保护、羟醛缩合、羟基脱保护等反应来获得异甘草素,例如公告号为CN 108440264 A的中国专利申请,其缩合反应的产率为82%。还有一种方法是以2,4-二羟基苯乙酮和对羟基苯甲醛为原料,以有机溶剂为反应介质,以路易士碱为催化剂,在氮气保护和加抗氧剂体系中,经缩合反应一步合成异甘草素粗品,再经脱色和重结晶处理,可得到精制异甘草素产品,例如公告号为CN 1651384 A的中国专利申请。公告号为CN 101353299 B的中国专利申请还公开了另一种合成异甘草素的方法,其步骤为:A、在路易斯碱催化下2,4-二羟基苯乙酮的合成;B、2-羟基-4-甲氧基苯乙酮的合成;C、3-(4-羟基苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基-2-羟基苯基)-丙烯酮的合成及重结晶;D、3-(4-羟基苯基)-1-(2,4-二羟基苯基)-丙烯酮即异甘草素的合成及重结晶;E、将上述得到的异甘草素粗品通过柱层析洗脱精制得到异甘草素产品。该方法原料易得,但步骤不少,经过反复试验证明,该方法的总产率低于17%,而且合成中会产生较多难以分离的副产物,另外在B步骤和E步骤中分别都需要经过柱层析分离。因此该方法存在诸多缺陷。
总之,现有合成异甘草素方法的共同特点是:(1)多以化工原料2,4-二羟基苯乙酮或间二苯酚为原料,合成的步骤多,反应环境复杂;(2)反应所用的溶剂种类繁多,还使用一些不安全的溶剂如乙醚、氯仿、熔融的乙醇钠等,均不适合工厂规模化生产应用;(3)羟基还需要保护和脱保护,羟基保护多采用有毒害作用的硫酸二甲酯、二甲基叔丁基氯硅烷或三异丙基氯硅烷等,环保难度大;(4)一些合成过程需要持续24h以上,时间长,而且还须加热控温,生产成本较高;(5)合成的目标产物产率偏低。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有合成异甘草素方法所存在的原料和溶剂均不环保、合成步骤多、反应时间较长、产率偏低等不足,提出一种节能环保的异甘草素合成新方法。
实现上述目的的技术方案是:一种异甘草素的合成方法,异甘草素的结构式为:
(1)碱性催化剂的制备
取氢氧化钠40份用水溶解,再取三氧化二铝60份加入其中,搅拌均匀后减压蒸馏至干,然后110℃干燥5h,500℃焙烧4h,冷却,备用;
(2)异甘草素的合成
(2.1)取对羟基苯甲醛6.1份,用无水乙醇溶解,制成饱和溶液,备用;
(2.2)取丹皮酚8.3份,在反应釜中用250-280份无水乙醇溶解,然后加入所述步骤(1)的碱性催化剂2.5-2.8份,搅拌均匀;
(2.3)常温、搅拌状态下缓慢加入所述步骤(2.1)的全部对羟基苯甲醛的乙醇饱和溶液,使反应液逐渐变为白色浑浊液,直至变为淡黄色,继续搅拌6h-7h,当反应液慢慢变得浑浊且呈褐色后,再搅拌2h-3h,反应结束;
(2.4)加入无水乙醇,溶解其中有机物;
(2.5)快速抽滤,除去碱性催化剂;
(2.6)将抽滤液减压蒸馏至干,加入浓度为23%-28%的溴化氢溶液溶解固形物,溶液由棕褐色转变为亮黄色;
(2.7)在搅拌、快速加热回流状态下酸性水解45min-50min,冷却;
(2.8)在冰水浴冷却下加入饱和碳酸钠溶液进行中和,至pH为6.1-6.6,使大量的黄色沉淀析出;
(2.9)抽滤,冷水洗涤,得到粗品异甘草素;
(2.10)用乙醇重结晶,得到精品异甘草素。
进一步,所述步骤(2.3)中,常温的温度范围是13℃-26℃。
进一步,所述步骤(2.6)中,在加入所述溴化氢溶液的同时加入8-10份丙酮。
进一步,所述步骤(2.7)中,回流装置的开口端加装有尾气处理器。
本发明以丹皮酚和对羟基苯甲醛为原料,在碱性催化剂的作用下通过克莱森-施密特缩合反应(Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction)直接合成4’-甲氧基-2’,4-二羟基查尔酮,再在氢溴酸作用下使分子中的醚键断开,转化为2’,4,4’-三羟基查尔酮即为异甘草素,重结晶后获得纯度较高的异甘草素。丹皮酚和对羟基苯甲醛的投料比为:丹皮酚(mol):对羟基苯甲醛(mol)=1:1。
合成过程中的反应为:
本发明的优点是:异甘草素的合成在常温下进行,合成步骤少,反应时间短,不需要复杂的分离可连续进行,原料的转化率高,总产率能够达到85%,产品纯度在96%以上;整个合成过程中主要使用乙醇和丙酮,避免了其他有毒溶剂的使用,绿色环保;丹皮酚廉价易得,合成工艺省时省力,耗能少,生产成本较低。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例1
(1)碱性催化剂的制备
按重量份称取氢氧化钠40份,用蒸馏水溶解,再称取三氧化二铝60份,将三氧化二铝加入上述氢氧化钠溶液中,搅拌均匀,减压蒸馏将水分蒸干,将所得粉末在110℃的干燥箱中干燥5h,再放置于马弗炉内在500℃下焙烧4h,从马弗炉中取出后在干燥器中冷却,得到质量百分含量为40%的氢氧化钠/三氧化二铝碱性催化剂,备用。
(2)异甘草素的合成
称取对羟基苯甲醛2.2kg,用无水乙醇配制成饱和溶液,备用;
称取丹皮酚3kg,在反应釜中用96L无水乙醇溶解;在20℃的室温下加入备用的碱性催化剂0.95kg,搅拌均匀,在持续搅拌状态下,40-45min内缓慢加入备用的对羟基苯甲醛的乙醇饱和溶液;反应液逐渐变为白色浑浊液,随后又变为淡黄色,继续搅拌6h,反应液慢慢变得浑浊且呈褐色,通过TLC法检测反应进程,再搅拌3h确保充分反应;反应结束后,加入无水乙醇尽可能的溶解有机物,快速抽滤,除去碱性催化剂;将抽滤液减压蒸馏回收乙醇,蒸干;蒸干后的固形物中加入浓度为26%的溴化氢溶液和3.2L丙酮进行溶解至固形物全部溶解无明显固体悬浮物,丙酮加入可促进溶解;当固形物由棕褐色转变为亮黄色的溶液后,组装成回流装置,回流装置的开口端通入尾气处理器中吸收尾气,在搅拌、快速加热回流状态下进行酸性水解45min,冷却;在冰水浴冷却下加入饱和的碳酸钠溶液进行中和至pH为6.3,当有大量的黄色固形物沉淀析出后,抽滤,冷水洗涤,得到粗品异甘草素;再用乙醇重结晶,得到异甘草素3.94kg。产率为85.1%,HPLC法检测分析其纯度为96.0%。
实施例2
(1)碱性催化剂的制备
与实施例1相同;
(2)异甘草素的合成
称取对羟基苯甲醛3.67kg,用无水乙醇配制成饱和溶液,备用;
称取丹皮酚5kg,在反应釜中用无水乙醇150.6L溶解;在26℃的室温下加入备用的碱性催化剂1.51kg,搅拌均匀,在持续搅拌状态下,40-45min内缓慢加入备用的对羟基苯甲醛的乙醇饱和溶液;反应液逐渐变为白色浑浊液,随后又变为淡黄色,继续搅拌6h,反应液慢慢变得浑浊且呈褐色,通过TLC法检测反应进程,再搅拌2h确保充分反应;反应结束后,加入无水乙醇尽可能的溶解有机物,快速抽滤,除去碱性催化剂;将抽滤液减压蒸馏回收乙醇,蒸干;蒸干后的固形物中加入浓度为23%的溴化氢溶液和4.82L丙酮进行溶解至固形物全部溶解无明显固体悬浮物,当固形物由棕褐色转变为亮黄色的溶液后,组装成回流装置,回流装置的开口端通入尾气处理器中吸收尾气,在搅拌、快速加热回流状态下进行酸性水解45min,冷却;在冰水浴冷却下加入饱和的碳酸钠溶液进行中和至pH为6.1,当有大量的黄色固形物沉淀析出后,抽滤,冷水洗涤,得到粗品异甘草素;再用乙醇重结晶,得到异甘草素6.57kg。产率为85.2%,HPLC法检测分析纯度为96.1%。
实施例3
(1)碱性催化剂的制备
与实施例1相同;
(2)异甘草素的合成
称取对羟基苯甲醛6.1kg,用无水乙醇配制成饱和溶液,备用;
称取丹皮酚8.3kg,在反应釜中用280L无水乙醇溶解;在13℃的室温下加入备用的碱性催化剂2.8kg,搅拌均匀,在持续搅拌状态下,40-45min内缓慢加入备用的对羟基苯甲醛的乙醇饱和溶液;反应液逐渐变为白色浑浊液,随后又变为淡黄色,继续搅拌7h,反应液慢慢变得浑浊且呈褐色,通过TLC法检测反应进程,再搅拌3h确保充分反应;反应结束后,加入无水乙醇尽可能的溶解有机物,快速抽滤,除去碱性催化剂;将抽滤液减压蒸馏回收乙醇,蒸干;蒸干后的固形物中加入浓度为28%的溴化氢溶液和10L丙酮进行溶解至固形物全部溶解无明显固体悬浮物,丙酮加入可促进溶解;当固形物由棕褐色转变为亮黄色的溶液后,组装成回流装置,回流装置的开口端通入尾气处理器中吸收尾气,在搅拌、快速加热回流状态下进行酸性水解50min,冷却;在冰水浴冷却下加入饱和的碳酸钠溶液进行中和至pH为6.6,当有大量的黄色固形物沉淀析出后,抽滤,冷水洗涤,得到粗品异甘草素;再用乙醇重结晶,得到异甘草素10.88kg。产率为85.0%,HPLC法检测分析纯度为96.2%。
本发明与现有技术区别在于:
1、现有的合成技术一般是以化工原料2,4-二羟基苯乙酮和4-羟基苯甲醛为原料,还要进行羟基保护、羟醛缩合、羟基脱保护等反应来获得异甘草素,合成步骤繁琐,工序复杂,反应时间长。本发明采用丹皮酚为原料,先经过克莱森-施密特缩合反应,再在溴化氢溶液加热使醚键断裂来合成异甘草素,合成步骤少、反应时间短,节能降耗,可显著降低生产成本。
2、现有的合成技术所用的溶剂种类繁多,还使用一些不安全的溶剂如乙醚、氯仿等,羟基还需要保护,多采用有毒害作用的硫酸二甲酯、二甲基叔丁基氯硅烷或三异丙基氯硅烷等试剂来保护羟基。本发明的整个过程绿色环保,主要使用乙醇,且乙醇能循环再用,避免了使用其他有机溶剂,不存在其他有机溶剂残留的问题。
3、现有的合成技术在合成过程中需要持续24h以上,还要加热控温,增加了生产成本。本发明在13℃-26℃的室温下发生克莱森-施密特缩合反应,只是在溴化氢溶液使醚键断裂时需要加热回流,加热时间不足1h,整个反应的时间不超过11h,不需要复杂的分离可连续进行,省时省力。
4、本发明在克莱森-施密特缩合反应过程中使用了碱性催化剂,催化转化产率较高,异甘草素的总产率可达到85%,纯度在96%以上。
Claims (2)
(1)碱性催化剂的制备
取氢氧化钠40份用水溶解,再取三氧化二铝60份加入其中,搅拌均匀后减压蒸馏至干,然后110℃干燥5h,500℃焙烧4h,冷却,备用;
(2)异甘草素的合成
(2.1)取对羟基苯甲醛6.1份,用无水乙醇溶解,制成饱和溶液,备用;
(2.2)取丹皮酚8.3份,在反应釜中用250-280份无水乙醇溶解,然后加入所述步骤(1)的碱性催化剂2.5-2.8份,搅拌均匀;
(2.3)在温度为13℃-26℃、搅拌状态下缓慢加入所述步骤(2.1)的全部对羟基苯甲醛的乙醇饱和溶液,使反应液逐渐变为白色浑浊液,直至变为淡黄色,继续搅拌6h-7h,当反应液慢慢变得浑浊且呈褐色后,再搅拌2h-3h,反应结束;
(2.4)加入无水乙醇,溶解其中有机物;
(2.5)快速抽滤,除去碱性催化剂;
(2.6)将抽滤液减压蒸馏至干,加入浓度为23%-28%的溴化氢溶液和8-10份丙酮溶解固形物,溶液由棕褐色转变为亮黄色;
(2.7)在搅拌、快速加热回流状态下酸性水解45min-50min,冷却;
(2.8)在冰水浴冷却下加入饱和碳酸钠溶液进行中和,至pH为6.1-6.6,使大量的黄色沉淀析出;
(2.9)抽滤,冷水洗涤,得到粗品异甘草素;
(2.10)用乙醇重结晶,得到精品异甘草素。
2.按照权利要求1所述的一种异甘草素的合成方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2.7)中,回流装置的开口端加装有尾气处理器。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201910075376.1A CN109694311B (zh) | 2019-01-25 | 2019-01-25 | 一种异甘草素的合成方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201910075376.1A CN109694311B (zh) | 2019-01-25 | 2019-01-25 | 一种异甘草素的合成方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN109694311A CN109694311A (zh) | 2019-04-30 |
CN109694311B true CN109694311B (zh) | 2021-10-01 |
Family
ID=66234508
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201910075376.1A Active CN109694311B (zh) | 2019-01-25 | 2019-01-25 | 一种异甘草素的合成方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN109694311B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114149399B (zh) * | 2021-12-02 | 2024-04-19 | 陕西理工大学 | 一种合成漆黄素的方法 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5068364A (en) * | 1988-11-21 | 1991-11-26 | Dainippon Ink And Chemicals, Inc. | Chalcone derivatives and process for producing the same |
CN101353299A (zh) * | 2008-09-11 | 2009-01-28 | 武汉大学 | 一种异甘草素的合成方法 |
-
2019
- 2019-01-25 CN CN201910075376.1A patent/CN109694311B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5068364A (en) * | 1988-11-21 | 1991-11-26 | Dainippon Ink And Chemicals, Inc. | Chalcone derivatives and process for producing the same |
CN101353299A (zh) * | 2008-09-11 | 2009-01-28 | 武汉大学 | 一种异甘草素的合成方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
Design and synthesis of 3,5-diaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles as new tyrosinase inhibitors;Lin Ma 等;《Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry》;20130111;第21卷;2156-2162 * |
碱催化Aldol缩合反应制备丹皮酚衍生物及其晶体结构;刘存芳;《科学技术与工程》;20171031;第17卷(第3期);155-160 * |
黄酮类化合物Davdigenin的合成及对人肝癌Be-7402细胞的抗癌活性研究;高苗苗 等;《新疆医科大学学报》;20130228;第36卷(第2期);第152-153页1.3.3 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN109694311A (zh) | 2019-04-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN104230803A (zh) | 一种硫酸羟氯喹的制备方法 | |
JP7368636B2 (ja) | ロキサデュスタット及びその中間体の合成方法とその中間体 | |
CN105348172B (zh) | (s)‑1‑(4‑甲氧基‑3‑乙氧基)苯基‑2‑甲磺酰基乙胺的制备及阿普斯特的制备方法 | |
CN102816062A (zh) | 高温液态水中含单宁生物质盐酸催化水解制备没食子酸的方法 | |
CN109232178B (zh) | 制备高纯度羟基酪醇的新方法 | |
CN109694311B (zh) | 一种异甘草素的合成方法 | |
CN102766081A (zh) | 一种双吲哚甲烷衍生物的合成方法 | |
CN104045669A (zh) | 一种适合工业化生产的化学合成红景天苷的分离方法 | |
CN102079737A (zh) | 一种制备芹菜素的方法 | |
CN108358913A (zh) | 一种硫酸罗通定的绿色合成工艺 | |
CN109553550B (zh) | 一种合成二氢燕麦生物碱的方法 | |
CN105439824B (zh) | 白皮杉醇的合成方法 | |
CN105566336A (zh) | 一种制备阿塞那平去甲基杂质的新方法 | |
CN111116339B (zh) | 人工合成姜黄素及其衍生物的方法 | |
CN109651121B (zh) | 一种Robtein的合成方法 | |
CN109721552B (zh) | 一种吉非替尼的制备方法 | |
CN111187206A (zh) | 微波协同离子液体催化合成2-氨基-5-溴吡啶的方法 | |
CN103450092B (zh) | 一类甲硝唑‑磺胺衍生物的合成方法 | |
CN105294678A (zh) | 一种9-氟-6,7-二氢-8-(4-羟基-1-哌啶基)-5-甲基-1-氧代-1h,5h-苯并喹嗪-2-甲酸的制备方法 | |
CN113717102B (zh) | 一种异喹啉化合物的制备新方法 | |
WO2018121051A1 (zh) | 一种3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯甲酸甲酯的制备方法 | |
CN102558127B (zh) | 一种微波辅助合成多羟基黄酮化合物的方法 | |
CN106905234A (zh) | 一种合成来那替尼中间体3‑氰基‑4‑氯‑6‑氨基‑7‑乙氧基喹啉的方法 | |
CN111606880A (zh) | 一种由2,4,6-三羟基苯乙酮制备短叶松素的方法 | |
CN113666876B (zh) | 一种磺胺氯哒嗪的生产工艺 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |