CN109682412B - How to use the low-temperature spray cooling experimental device - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供低温喷雾冷却实验装置的使用方法，属于冷却实验装置。所述实验装置包括液氮供液系统、喷雾腔系统、可视化和数据采集系统；所述液氮供液系统包括液氮管路和排空旁路，所述喷雾腔系统外壳由绝热层和预冷通道构成，并与真空泵、压力传感器、温度传感器连接，内部包含热沉、喷嘴、温度传感器，所述可视化和数据采集系统包含数据采集器、光源和高速摄像机。本发明充分利用喷雾时液氮迅速蒸发产生的低温蒸气经过预冷通道对喷雾腔内部预冷，实现制冷剂的多级利用，提高了液氮喷雾冷却性能，利用高速摄像机将喷雾冷却过程可视化。本装置通过将液氮雾化成大量细小液滴喷淋在热沉表面带走大量热量，实现高热流密度表面的快速冷却。
The invention provides a method for using a low-temperature spray cooling experimental device, which belongs to a cooling experimental device. The experimental device includes a liquid nitrogen supply system, a spray chamber system, a visualization and data acquisition system; the liquid nitrogen supply system includes a liquid nitrogen pipeline and an emptying bypass; the spray chamber system shell is composed of an insulation layer and a preheated The cold channel is composed of a vacuum pump, a pressure sensor, and a temperature sensor. It contains a heat sink, a nozzle, and a temperature sensor. The visualization and data acquisition system includes a data collector, a light source, and a high-speed camera. The invention makes full use of the low-temperature vapor generated by the rapid evaporation of liquid nitrogen during spraying to pre-cool the interior of the spray chamber through the pre-cooling channel, realizes multi-stage utilization of refrigerant, improves the cooling performance of liquid nitrogen spray, and uses a high-speed camera to visualize the spray cooling process. This device atomizes liquid nitrogen into a large number of fine droplets and sprays them on the surface of the heat sink to take away a large amount of heat and achieve rapid cooling of the surface with high heat flux density.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及低温喷雾冷却实验装置的使用方法，尤其用于高热流密度散热问题，本发明还涉及该系统的操作方法，具有喷雾腔绝热性能优越、低温工质利用率高、热沉面快速冷却、喷雾冷却过程可视化等特点。The present invention relates to a method of using a low-temperature spray cooling experimental device, especially for high heat flux density heat dissipation problems. The invention also relates to an operating method of the system, which has superior thermal insulation performance of the spray chamber, high utilization rate of low-temperature working fluid, and rapid cooling of the heat sink surface. , spray cooling process visualization and other features.
背景技术Background technique
众多研究结果表明常规冷却技术（强制风冷和强制水冷等）无法满足大功率设备高热流密度的散热需求，更无法满足低温环境试验条件的需求。因此必须使用新型冷却技术解决热流密度集聚问题。喷雾冷却技术具有传热系数大、温度均匀性好、过热度小、临界热流密度高和循环流量低的特点，是最具有竞争力的高热流密度热控制技术。Numerous research results show that conventional cooling technologies (forced air cooling, forced water cooling, etc.) cannot meet the heat dissipation needs of high-power equipment with high heat flux density, let alone the needs of low-temperature environmental test conditions. Therefore, new cooling technologies must be used to solve the problem of heat flux density accumulation. Spray cooling technology has the characteristics of large heat transfer coefficient, good temperature uniformity, small superheat, high critical heat flux density and low circulation flow. It is the most competitive high heat flux thermal control technology.
本发明采用液氮喷雾冷却，通过液氮雾化的大量细小液滴撞击热沉面发生相变带走大量热量，有效控制机载设备高热流密度聚集引发的性能下降的问题。本发明意在通过这种低温喷雾冷却方式，实现对热沉面的快速冷却，充分利用液氮蒸发的低温氮气进行预冷，达到制冷剂的多级利用、降低系统设备的投资、节约运行成本的目的。The present invention uses liquid nitrogen spray cooling, and a large number of small droplets atomized by liquid nitrogen hit the heat sink surface to cause phase change and take away a large amount of heat, effectively controlling the problem of performance degradation caused by the accumulation of high heat flux density in airborne equipment. The present invention aims to achieve rapid cooling of the heat sink surface through this low-temperature spray cooling method, fully utilize the low-temperature nitrogen evaporated by liquid nitrogen for pre-cooling, achieve multi-stage utilization of refrigerants, reduce investment in system equipment, and save operating costs. the goal of.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明目的在于解决航空航天领域中高功率激光技术、电子元器件高度集成与微型化等技术大量运用导致的高热流密度散热问题，提供低温喷雾冷却实验装置，利用本发明，通过将液氮雾化成大量细小液滴喷淋在热沉表面带走大量热量，实现高热流密度表面的快速冷却。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of high heat flux density and heat dissipation caused by the extensive use of high-power laser technology, high integration and miniaturization of electronic components in the aerospace field, and to provide a low-temperature spray cooling experimental device. By using the present invention, liquid nitrogen is atomized into A large number of fine droplets are sprayed on the surface of the heat sink to take away a large amount of heat, achieving rapid cooling of the surface with high heat flux density.
该实验装置包括喷雾腔；喷雾腔外层由内向外依次设置预冷通道、真空层、保温层；所述预冷通道内壁设置有使喷雾腔和预冷通道相通的入口，预冷通道外壁设置有出口，出口通过管道依次穿过上述真空层和上述保温层与外部真空泵连接；The experimental device includes a spray chamber; the outer layer of the spray chamber is provided with a pre-cooling channel, a vacuum layer, and an insulation layer in sequence from the inside to the outside; the inner wall of the pre-cooling channel is provided with an inlet connecting the spray chamber and the pre-cooling channel, and the outer wall of the pre-cooling channel is provided with There is an outlet, and the outlet passes through the above-mentioned vacuum layer and the above-mentioned insulation layer in sequence and is connected to an external vacuum pump through a pipeline;
上述喷雾腔内安装有喷嘴和热沉；喷嘴位于喷雾腔水平方向中心，热沉位于其正下方；喷雾腔内部还安装有温度传感器、压力传感器、光源、高速摄像机和数据采集器；数据采集器与温度传感器和压力传感器以及高速摄像机连接；The above-mentioned spray chamber is equipped with a nozzle and a heat sink; the nozzle is located in the horizontal center of the spray chamber, and the heat sink is located directly below it; a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a light source, a high-speed camera and a data collector are also installed inside the spray chamber; a data collector Interfaces with temperature and pressure sensors and high-speed cameras;
该实验装置还包括高压氮气瓶；高压氮气瓶出口通过减压阀、压力传感器后分别连接排空旁路和液氮管路两个支路；两个支路合并后与液氮池入口连接；所述排空旁路上设置截止阀，所述液氮管路上依次设置截止阀、液氮杜瓦罐、低温电磁阀；所述液氮池出口经过流量计后连接上述喷雾腔内部的喷嘴；所述流量计与喷嘴之间的管道依次穿过保温层、真空层、预冷通道；上述液氮杜瓦罐顶部接有泄压阀和压力传感器。The experimental device also includes a high-pressure nitrogen cylinder; the outlet of the high-pressure nitrogen cylinder passes through a pressure reducing valve and a pressure sensor and is connected to two branches, the exhaust bypass and the liquid nitrogen pipeline respectively; the two branches are combined and connected to the inlet of the liquid nitrogen pool; A stop valve is provided on the emptying bypass, and a stop valve, a liquid nitrogen Dewar tank, and a cryogenic solenoid valve are provided in sequence on the liquid nitrogen pipeline; the outlet of the liquid nitrogen pool passes through a flow meter and is connected to the nozzle inside the spray chamber; The pipeline between the flow meter and the nozzle passes through the insulation layer, vacuum layer, and pre-cooling channel in sequence; the top of the liquid nitrogen Dewar tank is connected with a pressure relief valve and a pressure sensor.
本发明还涉及低温喷雾冷实验装置的使用方法，该方法步骤如下：The present invention also relates to a method for using a low-temperature spray cooling experimental device. The steps of the method are as follows:
在实验开始前，除泄压阀之外所有阀门均处于关闭状态。Before the experiment started, all valves except the pressure relief valve were closed.
步骤一，首先开启光源和高速摄像机，调整喷雾腔内喷嘴距热沉顶面的距离，固定喷嘴高度，依次打开减压阀和排空旁路的截止阀，使氮气依次通过排空旁路、液氮池、流量计、喷嘴进入喷雾腔内部，从而排除喷雾腔内的空气；Step 1: First turn on the light source and high-speed camera, adjust the distance between the nozzle in the spray chamber and the top surface of the heat sink, fix the height of the nozzle, and then open the pressure reducing valve and the stop valve of the drain bypass in order to allow the nitrogen to pass through the drain bypass, The liquid nitrogen pool, flow meter, and nozzle enter the spray chamber to eliminate the air in the spray chamber;
步骤二，启动真空泵，维持喷雾腔内压力在1 MPa附近，持续排空过程至喷雾腔内空气完全置换成氮气；Step 2: Start the vacuum pump, maintain the pressure in the spray chamber at around 1 MPa, and continue the evacuation process until the air in the spray chamber is completely replaced with nitrogen;
步骤三，关闭排空旁路上的截止阀，开启液氮管路上的截止阀和低温电磁阀，使液氮杜瓦罐内的液氮在高压氮气的作用下排入液氮管路，液氮先经过液氮池预冷至78 K附近，通过流量计测量液氮进入喷嘴时的体积流率，记录体积流率及喷嘴入口温度；Step 3: Close the stop valve on the emptying bypass line, open the stop valve and cryogenic solenoid valve on the liquid nitrogen pipeline, so that the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen Dewar tank is discharged into the liquid nitrogen pipeline under the action of high-pressure nitrogen gas, and the liquid nitrogen First, it is precooled to around 78 K in a liquid nitrogen pool, and the volume flow rate when the liquid nitrogen enters the nozzle is measured with a flow meter, and the volume flow rate and the nozzle inlet temperature are recorded;
步骤四，为防止液氮经喷嘴喷出后直接气化，无法以液滴的形式撞击热沉顶面进行换热，必须先向喷雾腔内喷射液氮，降低喷雾腔内部环境温度，待热沉顶面温度降至80 K左右，喷雾腔内压力稳定在设定压力时，记录喷雾腔内压力及温度；Step 4: In order to prevent the liquid nitrogen from directly vaporizing after being sprayed through the nozzle and unable to hit the top surface of the heat sink in the form of droplets for heat exchange, liquid nitrogen must be sprayed into the spray chamber first to lower the internal ambient temperature of the spray chamber and wait until it is heated. When the temperature of the sinking top surface drops to about 80 K and the pressure in the spray chamber stabilizes at the set pressure, record the pressure and temperature in the spray chamber;
步骤五，逐渐增加热沉的加热功率，直至热沉顶面出现干涸，每次提高加热功率后要有足够时间确保温度稳定，并记录功率值及温度；Step 5: Gradually increase the heating power of the heat sink until the top surface of the heat sink appears dry. After each increase in heating power, allow enough time to ensure that the temperature is stable, and record the power value and temperature;
步骤六，当热沉顶面出现干涸，加热功率开始随着热沉顶面温度的增加而降低，为了防止烧毁设备，需及时关闭热沉加热的电源，保持喷雾系统工作，直至热沉顶面的温度回落至80 K时，停止数据记录，并关依次闭减压阀、液氮管路的截止阀和低温电磁阀。Step 6: When the top surface of the heat sink dries up, the heating power begins to decrease as the temperature of the top surface of the heat sink increases. In order to prevent the equipment from burning, it is necessary to turn off the power supply of the heat sink heating in time and keep the spray system working until the top surface of the heat sink When the temperature drops back to 80 K, stop data recording and close the pressure reducing valve, the stop valve of the liquid nitrogen pipeline and the cryogenic solenoid valve in sequence.
所述高压氮气瓶内的氮气将存贮在液氮杜瓦罐内的液氮排入液氮管路经液氮池预冷后进入喷嘴，液氮雾化成大量细小液滴喷淋在热沉顶部表面带走大量热量，实现高热流密度表面的快速冷却；一方面，由于液氮沸点较低，必须将喷雾腔内的空气排出，否则容易在喷嘴出口发生冰堵，另一方面，环境温度相对较高，液氮雾化后即快速蒸发并大量产生低温蒸气，喷雾腔内压力增大，迫使低温蒸气经预冷通道入口进入预冷通道并绕喷雾腔一周后排除腔外，可以有效对喷雾腔内进行预冷，抑制液滴在撞击热沉顶部表面之前快速蒸发完全。The nitrogen in the high-pressure nitrogen bottle will discharge the liquid nitrogen stored in the liquid nitrogen Dewar tank into the liquid nitrogen pipeline and then enter the nozzle after being pre-cooled in the liquid nitrogen pool. The liquid nitrogen is atomized into a large number of fine droplets and sprayed on the heat sink. The top surface takes away a large amount of heat to achieve rapid cooling of the surface with high heat flux density. On the one hand, due to the low boiling point of liquid nitrogen, the air in the spray chamber must be discharged, otherwise ice blockage will easily occur at the nozzle outlet. On the other hand, the ambient temperature Relatively high, liquid nitrogen evaporates quickly after atomization and generates a large amount of low-temperature vapor. The pressure in the spray chamber increases, forcing the low-temperature vapor to enter the pre-cooling channel through the entrance of the pre-cooling channel and circle around the spray cavity before being discharged out of the cavity, which can effectively treat Pre-cooling is carried out in the spray chamber to inhibit the rapid evaporation of droplets before they hit the top surface of the heat sink.
所述喷嘴上方设有温度传感器，用于测量进入喷嘴液氮的温度。A temperature sensor is provided above the nozzle for measuring the temperature of liquid nitrogen entering the nozzle.
所述热沉高度可调，热沉顶面面积1 cm2，通过调整热沉高度确保雾化径向面积与热沉顶面面积一致，热沉顶面材料为紫铜，距热沉顶面1mm处设有温度传感器，用于测量热沉表面温度。The height of the heat sink is adjustable, and the top surface area of the heat sink is 1 cm 2 . By adjusting the height of the heat sink, it is ensured that the atomization radial area is consistent with the area of the top surface of the heat sink. The material of the top surface of the heat sink is copper, and the distance from the top surface of the heat sink is 1 mm. There is a temperature sensor for measuring the surface temperature of the heat sink.
本发明涉及低温喷雾冷却实验装置及方法，由于采用上述技术方案，液氮经液氮池遇冷后进入喷嘴后雾化成大量细小液滴喷淋到热沉顶部表面，液氮蒸发后产生的低温氮气经过预冷通道对喷雾腔内部预冷，实现了对热沉面的快速冷却以及制冷剂的多级利用，有效解决了高热流密度聚集问题。The present invention relates to a low-temperature spray cooling experimental device and method. Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, liquid nitrogen enters a nozzle after being cooled in a liquid nitrogen pool and then atomized into a large number of fine droplets and sprayed onto the top surface of the heat sink. The low temperature generated after the liquid nitrogen evaporates The nitrogen gas passes through the pre-cooling channel to pre-cool the inside of the spray chamber, achieving rapid cooling of the heat sink surface and multi-stage utilization of refrigerant, effectively solving the problem of high heat flux density accumulation.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1是本发明低温喷雾冷却实验装置组成示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the low-temperature spray cooling experimental device of the present invention;
图中标号名称：1高压氮气瓶、2减压阀、3压力传感器、4截止阀、5液氮杜瓦罐、6泄压阀、7排空旁路、8低温电磁阀、9液氮管路、10液氮池、11流量计、12数据采集器、13保温层、14真空层、15预冷通道、16高速摄像机、17喷嘴、18热沉、19真空泵、20光源、21温度传感器、22喷雾腔。The names of the numbers in the picture: 1 high-pressure nitrogen cylinder, 2 pressure reducing valve, 3 pressure sensor, 4 stop valve, 5 liquid nitrogen Dewar tank, 6 pressure relief valve, 7 emptying bypass, 8 low temperature solenoid valve, 9 liquid nitrogen pipe Road, 10 liquid nitrogen pool, 11 flow meter, 12 data collector, 13 insulation layer, 14 vacuum layer, 15 pre-cooling channel, 16 high-speed camera, 17 nozzle, 18 heat sink, 19 vacuum pump, 20 light source, 21 temperature sensor, 22 spray chambers.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合图1说明本发明的低温喷雾冷却实验装置，该装置包括：高压氮气瓶1与加压阀2、截止阀4、液氮杜瓦罐5、低温电磁阀8分别组成排空旁路7、液氮管路9，排空旁路7和液氮管路9并联后经过液氮池10、流量计11与喷嘴17连接，热沉18顶部表面为热沉面，真空泵19与预冷通道15左侧顶部的管道连接，保温层13、真空层14为喷雾腔绝热层，压力传感器3、温度传感器21、高速摄像机16与外部数据采集器12连接。The low-temperature spray cooling experimental device of the present invention is described below with reference to Figure 1. The device includes: a high-pressure nitrogen bottle 1, a pressurization valve 2, a stop valve 4, a liquid nitrogen Dewar tank 5, and a low-temperature solenoid valve 8 to form a drain bypass 7 respectively. , liquid nitrogen pipeline 9, the emptying bypass 7 and the liquid nitrogen pipeline 9 are connected in parallel through the liquid nitrogen pool 10, the flow meter 11 and the nozzle 17. The top surface of the heat sink 18 is the heat sink surface, and the vacuum pump 19 and the pre-cooling channel The pipes on the top of the left side of 15 are connected. The insulation layer 13 and the vacuum layer 14 are the thermal insulation layers of the spray chamber. The pressure sensor 3, the temperature sensor 21, and the high-speed camera 16 are connected to the external data collector 12.
系统开启后首先要打开排空旁路7将喷雾腔22内的气体充分置换成氮气，以防止液氮喷雾时发生冰堵；高压氮气瓶1内的氮气将存贮在液氮杜瓦罐5内的液氮排入液氮管路9经液氮池10预冷后进入喷嘴17，液氮雾化成大量细小液滴喷淋在热沉18顶部表面带走大量热量，实现高热流密度表面的快速冷却；液氮池10为了确保液氮进入喷嘴17时温度保持78 K附近；预冷通道15的目的是充分利用液氮雾化后蒸发的低温氮气降低喷雾腔22内温度，在预冷通道15右侧顶部通道入口引导蒸发的氮气绕通道一周后通过预冷通道15左侧顶部出口排出喷雾腔22外；真空泵19用于稳定喷雾腔22内的压力在1 MPa；热沉18功率可调；光源20和高速摄像机16用于捕捉喷雾冷却动态。After the system is started, the exhaust bypass 7 must first be opened to fully replace the gas in the spray chamber 22 with nitrogen to prevent ice blockage during liquid nitrogen spraying; the nitrogen in the high-pressure nitrogen bottle 1 will be stored in the liquid nitrogen Dewar tank 5 The liquid nitrogen inside is discharged into the liquid nitrogen pipeline 9 and then enters the nozzle 17 after being pre-cooled in the liquid nitrogen pool 10. The liquid nitrogen is atomized into a large number of fine droplets and sprayed on the top surface of the heat sink 18 to take away a large amount of heat, thereby achieving high heat flux density on the surface. Rapid cooling; the liquid nitrogen pool 10 is to ensure that the temperature remains around 78 K when the liquid nitrogen enters the nozzle 17; the purpose of the pre-cooling channel 15 is to make full use of the low-temperature nitrogen that evaporates after the liquid nitrogen is atomized to reduce the temperature in the spray chamber 22. In the pre-cooling channel The inlet of the top channel on the right side of 15 guides the evaporated nitrogen to go around the channel and then discharge it out of the spray chamber 22 through the top outlet on the left side of the pre-cooling channel 15; the vacuum pump 19 is used to stabilize the pressure in the spray chamber 22 at 1 MPa; the power of the heat sink 18 is adjustable ; Light source 20 and high-speed camera 16 are used to capture spray cooling dynamics.
上述液氮杜瓦罐5为液氮供液设备，为实验装置提供可靠充足的液氮，液氮杜瓦罐5与压力传感器3和泄压阀6连接防止液氮长期存贮过程中缓慢蒸发导致液氮杜瓦罐5内压力增大；The above-mentioned liquid nitrogen Dewar tank 5 is a liquid nitrogen supply equipment, which provides reliable and sufficient liquid nitrogen for the experimental device. The liquid nitrogen Dewar tank 5 is connected with the pressure sensor 3 and the pressure relief valve 6 to prevent slow evaporation of liquid nitrogen during long-term storage. As a result, the pressure in the liquid nitrogen Dewar tank 5 increases;
低温喷雾冷实验装置的使用方法，该方法步骤如下：How to use the low-temperature spray cooling experimental device, the steps of this method are as follows:
在实验开始前，除泄压阀6之外所有阀门均处于关闭状态。Before the experiment started, all valves except pressure relief valve 6 were closed.
步骤一，首先开启光源20和高速摄像机16，调整喷雾腔22内喷嘴17距热沉18顶面的距离，固定喷嘴高度，依次打开减压阀2和排空旁路7的截止阀4，使氮气依次通过排空旁路7、液氮池10、流量计11、喷嘴17进入喷雾腔22内部，从而排除喷雾腔22内的空气；Step 1: First turn on the light source 20 and the high-speed camera 16, adjust the distance between the nozzle 17 in the spray chamber 22 and the top surface of the heat sink 18, fix the height of the nozzle, open the pressure reducing valve 2 and the stop valve 4 of the drain bypass 7 in sequence, so that Nitrogen enters the interior of the spray chamber 22 through the drain bypass 7, the liquid nitrogen pool 10, the flow meter 11, and the nozzle 17 in sequence, thereby eliminating the air in the spray chamber 22;
步骤二，启动真空泵19，维持喷雾腔22内压力在1 MPa附近，持续排空过程至喷雾腔22内空气完全置换成氮气；Step 2: Start the vacuum pump 19, maintain the pressure in the spray chamber 22 at around 1 MPa, and continue the evacuation process until the air in the spray chamber 22 is completely replaced with nitrogen;
步骤三，关闭排空旁路7上的截止阀4，开启液氮管路9上的截止阀4和低温电磁阀8，使液氮杜瓦罐5内的液氮在高压氮气的作用下排入液氮管路9，液氮先经过液氮池10预冷至78 K附近，通过流量计11测量液氮进入喷嘴17时的体积流率，记录体积流率及喷嘴入口温度；Step 3: Close the stop valve 4 on the emptying bypass 7, open the stop valve 4 and the cryogenic solenoid valve 8 on the liquid nitrogen pipeline 9, so that the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen Dewar tank 5 is discharged under the action of high-pressure nitrogen. Entering the liquid nitrogen pipeline 9, the liquid nitrogen first passes through the liquid nitrogen pool 10 and is pre-cooled to around 78 K. The volume flow rate when the liquid nitrogen enters the nozzle 17 is measured through the flow meter 11, and the volume flow rate and the nozzle inlet temperature are recorded;
步骤四，为防止液氮经喷嘴喷出后直接气化，无法以液滴的形式撞击热沉18顶面进行换热，必须先向喷雾腔22内喷射液氮，降低喷雾腔22内部环境温度，待热沉18顶面温度降至80 K左右，喷雾腔22内压力稳定在设定压力时，记录喷雾腔内22压力及温度；Step 4: In order to prevent the liquid nitrogen from directly vaporizing after being sprayed through the nozzle and unable to hit the top surface of the heat sink 18 in the form of droplets for heat exchange, liquid nitrogen must be sprayed into the spray chamber 22 first to reduce the internal ambient temperature of the spray chamber 22 , when the temperature of the top surface of the heat sink 18 drops to about 80 K and the pressure in the spray chamber 22 stabilizes at the set pressure, record the pressure and temperature in the spray chamber 22;
步骤五，逐渐增加热沉18的加热功率，直至热沉18顶面出现干涸，每次提高加热功率后要有足够时间确保温度稳定，并记录功率值及温度。Step 5: Gradually increase the heating power of the heat sink 18 until the top surface of the heat sink 18 dries up. After each increase in heating power, allow enough time to ensure that the temperature is stable, and record the power value and temperature.
步骤六，当热沉18顶面出现干涸，加热功率开始随着热沉18顶面温度的增加而降低，为了防止烧毁设备，需及时关闭热沉18加热的电源，保持喷雾系统工作，直至热沉18顶面的温度回落至80 K时，停止数据记录，并关依次闭减压阀2、液氮管路9的截止阀4和低温电磁阀8。Step 6: When the top surface of the heat sink 18 dries up, the heating power begins to decrease as the temperature of the top surface of the heat sink 18 increases. In order to prevent the equipment from burning, it is necessary to turn off the heating power of the heat sink 18 in time and keep the spray system working until it heats up. When the temperature on the top surface of sink 18 drops back to 80 K, stop data recording, and close the pressure reducing valve 2, the stop valve 4 of the liquid nitrogen pipeline 9, and the cryogenic solenoid valve 8 in sequence.
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