Background technique
Since laser processing technology has the advantages that contactless stress, machining accuracy height, control easy to automate, because
And using more and more extensive in terms of thin-wall part, the processing with fine microstructure part, gradually instead of original machining
Technology becomes a kind of important fine microstructure processing technology.In laser processing procedure, the positioning accuracy and feature of workpiece are detected
Precision is the important technology index of laser process equipment, and an important factor for decision final workpiece processing quality.
Laser processing monitoring and processing positioning, mainly there is two kinds of coaxial method positioning measurement and paraxonic method positioning measurement.
Traditional coaxial method positioning measuring device, laser beam and camera lens part are coaxial, since scanning galvanometer enters
The limitation for the factors such as optical port diameter, scanning galvanometer lens dimension and CCD camera lens and inspection surface distance of camera lens are remote, so that the sight of camera
It is smaller to survey range;Simultaneously as telecentricity field lens can attract optical aberration, existing on camera imaging quality influences.
Traditional paraxonic method positioning measuring device, camera lens form an angle with inspection surface, are formed by image presence
Distortion, imaging precision be not high.
Summary of the invention
Traditional positioning measuring device camera observation scope is smaller and the not high technical problem of image quality in order to solve, this hair
It is bright to provide a kind of device and method, laser process equipment for realizing laser scanning manufacturing monitoring and processing positioning.
The technical scheme is that
The device for realizing laser scanning manufacturing monitoring and processing positioning, is characterized in that including reflecting mirror, CCD phase
Machine and ring illumination light source;
The light-emitting window of field lens in laser process equipment is arranged in reflecting mirror, and the laser beam for will be emitted from the field lens is anti-
It is incident upon on workpiece;The top of reflecting mirror is arranged in CCD camera;Ring illumination light source is arranged on the reflected light path of reflecting mirror, ring
The middle through-hole of shape lighting source passes through for laser beam;The wavelength of the wavelength of light of ring illumination light source and laser beam not phase
Deng;
The reflecting mirror is semi-transparent semi-reflecting eyeglass, has 99% or more average reflectance to laser beam, to ring illumination
The illuminating ray that light source issues has 90% or more mean transmissivity.
Further, the reflecting mirror is large format reflecting mirror, can cover sweeping for the laser beam being emitted from galvanometer and field lens
Retouch range.
Further, to improve image quality, the axis of the ring illumination light source is parallel with the camera axis.
Further, the intensity of illumination of ring illumination light source is adjustable, and device is made to be suitable for a variety of processing operating conditions, is conducive to workpiece
The identification of benchmark.
Invention also provides a kind of devices positioned based on above-mentioned realization laser scanning manufacturing real-time monitoring and processing
The method for carrying out laser processing real-time monitoring, is characterized in that, comprising steps of
1) outgoing beam of field lens is reflexed on workpiece to be machined using reflecting mirror, is laser machined;
2) workpiece to be machined is illuminated using ring illumination light source;
3) CCD camera captured in real-time workpiece to be machined surface image;
4) extract machined characteristic size from workpiece to be machined surface image, and by the machined characteristic size of extraction with
Design value compares, if deviation in threshold range, continues to laser machine with current process parameter;If deviation is not in threshold value
In range, then the deviation for adjusting technological parameter is returned.
The present invention also provides it is a kind of based on above-mentioned realization laser scanning manufacturing real-time monitoring and processing positioning device into
The method of row processing positioning, is characterized in that, comprising steps of
1) workpiece to be machined is illuminated using ring illumination light source;
2) it shoots to obtain workpiece to be machined surface image using CCD camera;
3) eigencenter is extracted from workpiece to be machined surface image;
4) by eigencenter compared with the central region of CCD camera, the central region of eigencenter and CCD camera is obtained
Deviation;
3) deviation obtained according to step 4) adjusts CCD camera position, makes the view of workpiece to be machined position and CCD camera
Yezhong heart position consistency.
The present invention still further provides a kind of laser process equipment, including laser Machining head;The laser Machining head includes
Field lens and scanning galvanometer;The light-emitting window of scanning galvanometer is arranged in field lens;It is characterized in that further include that above-mentioned realization laser is swept
Retouch the device of processing monitoring and processing positioning.
Further, the field lens is fixedly connected with scanning galvanometer.
Further, plating is formed with the anti-reflection film for having 96% transmitance to laser on the field lens, on the scanning galvanometer
Plating is formed with the Anti-reflective coating for having 96% reflectivity to laser.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, the present invention field lens rear end be arranged a reflecting mirror, while on the mirror side setting CCD Observation camera, it can be achieved that
Characteristic point finds accurately in the monitoring of process, processing positioning and process;Since CCD Observation camera is after field lens,
Scanning galvanometer and field lens eyeglass greatly improve total and set without the concern for the plated film demand of lighting source wave band light
The flexibility that the flexibility of meter and lighting source wave band are chosen, while also reducing cost.
2, the lighting source that the present invention can select as needed monitoring effect best.
3, it using CCD camera direct imaging, is not avoided with the eyeglass of curvature between workpiece to be machined and CCD camera
Aberration caused by telecentricity field lens is introduced in traditional scheme, image quality is higher, and there are errors to need in practical adjustment or camera focal plane
When adjusting, the position of CCD camera need to be only adjusted, is adjusted more convenient.
4, CCD camera visual field of the present invention is able to achieve large-scale observation not by the constraint of scanning galvanometer light inlet diameter, can
Position between observational characteristic size and feature.
5, it can be improved based on existing process equipment, improving cost is low.
6, the present invention can be such that camera focal plane is overlapped with workpiece to be machined upper surface, make by adjusting the position of CCD camera
Image quality amount reaches best.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, laser process equipment includes scanning galvanometer 4, field lens 2 and monitors for realizing laser scanning manufacturing
With the device 1 of processing positioning;The device 1 that positioning is monitored and processed for realizing laser scanning manufacturing includes CCD camera 11, reflection
Mirror 12 and ring illumination light source 13.
Field lens 2 is arranged at the light-emitting window of scanning galvanometer 4, realizes laser processing beam in two-dimensional square by scanning galvanometer 4
Upward adjusting;Reflecting mirror 12 is arranged at the light-emitting window of field lens 2, is added for reflexing to the laser beam being emitted from field lens 2
On the workpiece 5 of work, laser machined;The top of reflecting mirror 12 is arranged in CCD camera 11, for shooting workpiece to be machined surface
Image carries out laser scanning manufacturing process monitoring and processing positioning;The reflected light of reflecting mirror 12 is arranged in ring illumination light source 13
On the road, and between workpiece 5 and reflecting mirror 12, the middle through-hole of ring illumination light source 13 passes through for laser processing beam;
The wavelength of light of ring illumination light source 13 and the wavelength of laser processing beam are unequal;The intensity of illumination of ring illumination light source 13 can
It adjusts, in order to adjust the field luminance of CCD camera 11;Reflecting mirror 12 is semi-transparent semi-reflecting eyeglass, has higher reflection to laser beam
Rate has stronger transmitance to the light that ring illumination light source issues.Laser energy can be wasted in view of reflectivity is not high, thoroughly
Cross that rate is not high to will affect image quality, reflecting mirror 12 should be 99% or more, to ring illumination light to the average reflectance of laser beam
The average transmittance for the illuminating ray that source issues should be 90% or more.
In order to fall in laser processing beam in reflecting mirror always, laser processing beam capacity usage ratio, reflecting mirror are improved
12 use large format reflecting mirror, and area can cover the scanning range of scanning galvanometer.
Based on the device 1 of the monitoring of realization laser scanning manufacturing and processing positioning shown in FIG. 1, carry out laser machining real-time prison
The process of survey is as follows:
1) outgoing beam of field lens is reflexed on workpiece to be machined using reflecting mirror, is laser machined;
2) workpiece to be machined is illuminated using ring illumination light source;
3) CCD camera captured in real-time workpiece to be machined surface image;
4) extract machined characteristic size from workpiece to be machined surface image, and by the machined characteristic size of extraction with
Design value compares, if deviation in threshold range, does not return to any value, laser process equipment still with current process parameter after
It is continuous to be laser machined;If deviation not in threshold range, is returned to the control system of laser process equipment for adjusting work
The deviation of skill parameter.
The method that machined characteristic size is extracted from workpiece to be machined surface image can use document
Method disclosed in CN201610195473.0 is realized.
Based on the device 1 of the monitoring of realization laser scanning manufacturing and processing positioning shown in FIG. 1, the process of positioning is processed such as
Under:
1) workpiece to be machined is illuminated using ring illumination light source;
2) it shoots to obtain workpiece to be machined surface image using CCD camera;
3) eigencenter is extracted from workpiece to be machined surface image;
4) by eigencenter compared with the central region of CCD camera, the central region of eigencenter and CCD camera is obtained
Deviation;
3) deviation obtained according to step 4) adjusts CCD camera position, makes the view of workpiece to be machined position and CCD camera
Yezhong heart position consistency.