CN109653894B - Piston assembly and internal combustion engine with same - Google Patents
Piston assembly and internal combustion engine with same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109653894B CN109653894B CN201710933599.8A CN201710933599A CN109653894B CN 109653894 B CN109653894 B CN 109653894B CN 201710933599 A CN201710933599 A CN 201710933599A CN 109653894 B CN109653894 B CN 109653894B
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- piston
- piston ring
- opening
- open slot
- ring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a piston assembly and an internal combustion engine with the same, wherein the piston assembly comprises: the piston is provided with an open slot along the circumferential direction, and the open slot comprises a bottom wall extending along the axial direction of the piston and a side wall extending along the radial direction of the piston; the first piston ring is formed into an annular shape and sleeved in the open slot, and a first opening is formed in the first piston ring; the second piston ring is formed into an annular shape and is sleeved in the open slot next to the first piston ring in the axial direction of the piston, a second opening is formed in the second piston ring, and the first opening is not communicated with the second opening; the elastic sheet mechanism is formed into an annular shape and sleeved in the open slot. According to the piston assembly provided by the embodiment of the invention, the problem of piston air leakage can be solved by utilizing the structure of combining the first piston ring, the second piston ring and the elastic sheet mechanism, the piston assembly not only has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in processing, low cost, good manufacturability and the like, but also can combine two traditional air rings together, so that the height of the piston is reduced, and the weight of the piston is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing of internal combustion engines, in particular to a piston assembly and an internal combustion engine with the same.
Background
Piston blow-by is generally the flow of gas escaping from the cylinder during operation of the engine, and when the piston blow-by is too large, it can result in deterioration of engine dynamics, economy and emissions.
The most important sources of piston air leakage are piston-piston ring back clearance air leakage and piston ring opening air leakage.
The prior art mainly aims to solve the problem of opening air leakage. For example, the combined gapless piston ring of patent No. CN89210639.5 and the overlapping piston ring seal structure of patent No. cn89214243.x only solve or address the split blow-by, and no solution for the backlash; the compound multifunctional sealing device with the patent number of CN89213640.5 adopts a baffle plate mechanism for sealing, but both ends of the baffle plate are still provided with air leakage sources; the piston ring opening gap sealing device of patent No. CN2098596U is essentially to add a sealing device at the piston ring opening, but a new problem is brought by the fact that: first, backlash blowby does not have a substantial solution; secondly, the positioning mechanism greatly damages the piston structure and reduces the strength; and thirdly, the outer circular surface of the mechanism is attached to the cylinder hole, and extremely high processing precision is needed, so that the manufacturability is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, the present invention provides a piston assembly.
The invention also provides an internal combustion engine with the piston assembly.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a piston assembly according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention comprises:
the piston is provided with an open slot along the circumferential direction, and the open slot comprises a bottom wall extending along the axial direction of the piston and a side wall extending along the radial direction of the piston;
the first piston ring is formed into an annular shape and sleeved in the open groove, and a first opening is formed in the first piston ring;
the second piston ring is formed into an annular shape and is sleeved in the open groove close to the first piston ring in the axial direction of the piston, a second opening is formed in the second piston ring, and the first opening is not communicated with the second opening;
the elastic sheet mechanism is formed into an annular shape and sleeved in the open slot, the elastic sheet mechanism is arranged between the second piston ring and the side wall of the open slot, and a third opening is formed in the elastic sheet mechanism.
Further, the first opening is spaced 180 ° from the second opening in the circumferential direction of the piston.
Furthermore, the bottom wall of the open groove is provided with an inclined plane.
Further, the inner wall of the first piston ring is arranged to be an inclined surface and is tightly attached to the bottom wall of the open slot.
Further, the inner wall of the second piston ring is arranged to be an inclined surface and is tightly attached to the bottom wall of the open slot.
Furthermore, the inner wall of the elastic sheet mechanism is an inclined plane and is tightly attached to the bottom wall of the open slot.
Further, the spring mechanism includes:
the first supporting plate is connected with the lower end face of the second piston ring;
the second supporting plate is connected with the side wall of the open slot;
the elastic layer is arranged between the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate.
Further, the elastic layer is formed to have an hourglass shape in cross section.
Further, a positioning lip is arranged on the first piston ring and matched in the second opening and the third opening.
An internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the invention comprises a piston assembly according to the above-described embodiments.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the piston assembly provided by the embodiment of the invention, the structure that the first piston ring, the second piston ring and the elastic sheet mechanism are combined is adopted, so that no back clearance or communication opening exists, and the purpose of solving the problem of piston air leakage is achieved, and the piston assembly provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages: 1) under the elastic force action of a proper elastic mechanism and without considering the machining precision, the internal combustion engine adopting the piston assembly theoretically has no piston air leakage, so that the optimization and even the cancellation of a crankcase ventilation system and a labyrinth structure become possible, and great benefits are provided for the emission performance, the engine miniaturization and the light weight; 2) because the piston assembly has good sealing performance, the dynamic performance and the economical efficiency of the engine are slightly improved, and the service life of the engine oil is greatly prolonged; 3) the structure is simple, the processing is convenient, the cost is low, and the manufacturability is good; 4) the two traditional gas rings are combined at one position, so that two ring lands are omitted from the piston, the height of the piston is reduced, the weight of the piston is reduced, the reciprocating mass is reduced, and the economical efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a back clearance side leak of a prior art piston assembly;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of area A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an open blow-by of a prior art piston assembly;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of backlash and backlash of a prior art piston assembly;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a piston assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a first piston ring, a second piston ring and a spring mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the natural state of the elastic mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the compression state of the elastic mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
a piston assembly 100;
a piston 10; an open slot 11; a bottom wall 12; a side wall 13;
a first piston ring 20; a first opening 21; a positioning lip 22;
a second piston ring 30; the second opening 31;
a spring plate mechanism 40; a third opening 41; the first support plate 42; a second support plate 43; an elastic layer 44.
A cylinder wall 50;
a piston ring 60; a fourth opening 61.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention, are within the scope of the invention.
The present invention is invented by the inventors of the present application based on the following facts and findings.
Piston blow-by is generally the flow of gas escaping from the cylinder during operation of the engine, and when the piston blow-by is too large, it can cause deterioration of engine dynamics, economy and emissions.
The main sources of piston air leakage are two: backlash leakage (as shown in figures 1 and 2) and vent leakage (as shown in figure 3).
Wherein, fig. 2 indicates the gas direction in the cylinder during the air leakage process of the back clearance side gap by arrows, and fig. 3 indicates the gas direction in the cylinder during the air leakage process of the opening by arrows, and the gas flows from one fourth opening 61 to another fourth opening 61 communicated with the fourth opening.
As shown in the region C in fig. 4, the backlash of the piston ring 60 refers to a gap (axial direction) between the end surface of the piston ring 60 and the piston ring groove after the piston is fitted into the piston, and as shown in the region B in fig. 4, the backlash refers to a gap (tangential direction) between the back of the piston ring 60 and the piston ring groove bottom after the piston and the piston ring 60 are fitted into the cylinder.
Based on this, the inventors of the present application have made long-term studies and findings to create the following inventions.
The piston assembly 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described first in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, a piston assembly 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a piston 10, a first piston ring 20, a second piston ring 30, and a leaf spring mechanism 40.
Specifically, the piston 10 is provided with an open slot 11 along the circumferential direction, the open slot 11 includes a bottom wall 12 extending along the axial direction of the piston 10 and a side wall 13 extending along the radial direction of the piston 10, the first piston ring 20 is formed into a ring shape and is sleeved in the open slot 11, the first piston ring 20 is provided with a first opening 21, the second piston ring 30 is formed into a ring shape and is sleeved in the open slot 11 adjacent to the first piston ring 20 in the axial direction of the piston 10, the second piston ring 30 is provided with a second opening 31, the first opening 21 is not communicated with the second opening 31, the elastic sheet mechanism 40 is formed into a ring shape and is sleeved in the open slot 11, the elastic sheet mechanism 40 is provided between the second piston ring 30 and the side wall 13 of the open slot 11, and the.
In other words, the piston assembly 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes a piston 10, a first piston ring 20, a second piston ring 30, and a spring plate mechanism 40, wherein the piston 10 is provided with an open groove 11 along a circumferential direction, the open groove 11 is formed as a piston ring groove, the spring plate mechanism 40, the second piston ring 30, and the first piston ring 20 are sequentially provided in the open groove 11 from bottom to top, and the spring plate mechanism 40, the second piston ring 30, and the first piston ring 20 are located between two side walls 13 of the open groove 11 extending along a radial direction of the piston 10. The spring plate mechanism 40, the second piston ring 30 and the first piston ring 20 are all annular, the spring plate mechanism 40 is provided with a third opening 41, the first piston ring 20 is provided with a first opening 21, the second piston ring 30 is provided with a second opening 31, the first opening 21 and the second opening 31 are not communicated, and the problem of air leakage of the piston can be relieved. The spring mechanism 40 can provide a spring force to keep the first piston ring 20 and the second piston ring 30 in close contact with each other in the axial direction, and thus there is no open area for communication.
Therefore, according to the piston assembly 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, by adopting the device in which the piston 10 is combined with the first piston ring 20, the second piston ring 30 and the spring plate mechanism 40, the first opening 21 is not communicated with the second opening 31, and the first piston ring 20 and the second piston ring 30 are always axially tightly attached through the spring plate mechanism 40, and the two conventional gas rings are combined together, so that the piston 10 cancels the two lands, thereby reducing the height of the piston 10, reducing the weight of the piston 10 to achieve the purpose of reducing the reciprocating mass, which is not only beneficial to improving the economy, but also effectively relieving the problem of piston gas leakage, having excellent sealing performance, slightly improving the power performance and the economy of the engine, and greatly improving the service life of the engine oil.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first opening 21 and the second opening 31 are spaced 180 ° apart in the circumferential direction of the piston 10, thereby effectively alleviating the air leakage problem by ensuring that the first opening 21 and the second opening 31 are not communicated during the reciprocation of the piston 10.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the bottom wall 12 of the open groove 11 is beveled.
Further, the inner wall of the first piston ring 20 is inclined and closely attached to the bottom wall 12 of the open groove 11.
Further, the inner wall of the second piston ring 30 is inclined and closely attached to the bottom wall 12 of the open groove 11.
It should be noted that, the first piston ring 20 and the second piston ring 30 are respectively attached to the groove bottom wall 12 in a tangential direction, so as to avoid generating a back clearance and reduce the back clearance air leakage situation of the side clearance.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the spring mechanism 40 is inclined and tightly attached to the bottom wall 12 of the opening slot 11, so as to avoid air leakage caused by backlash.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, in some embodiments of the present invention, the spring mechanism 40 includes a first support plate 42, a second support plate 43, and an elastic layer 44.
Specifically, the first support plate 42 is connected to the lower end surface of the second piston ring 30, the second support plate 43 is connected to the side wall 13 of the open groove 11, and the elastic layer 44 is provided between the first support plate 42 and the second support plate 43.
Alternatively, the elastic layer 44 is formed to have an hourglass shape in cross section.
In the upward movement process (compression and exhaust) of the piston 10, the first piston ring 20 and the second piston ring 30 move upward together with the piston 10 under the action of the axial elastic force of the elastic sheet mechanism 40, and the axial elastic force of the elastic sheet mechanism 40 ensures the adhesion of the first piston ring 20 and the second piston ring 3 to the inclined surface of the groove bottom wall 12. During the downward movement of the piston (work, suction), the first piston ring 20 and the second piston ring 30 are acted by the inclined surface of the groove bottom wall 12, and the acting force can be decomposed into a tangential component and an axial component, wherein the tangential component makes the first piston ring 20 and the second piston ring 30 better sealed, and the axial component pushes the first piston ring 20 and the second piston ring 30 and the piston 10 to move downward together. When the piston 10 is at rest (at the upper and lower dead points), the elastic force of the elastic sheet mechanism 40 ensures the first piston ring 20 and the second piston ring 30 to be attached to the inclined surface of the groove bottom wall 12.
When the piston assembly 100 is deformed by heat, because the first piston ring 20 and the second piston ring 30 are usually made of cast iron or steel materials, and the piston 10 can be made of aluminum materials, the thermal deformation condition is very different, during the thermal deformation, the first piston ring 20 and the second piston ring 30 expand and become larger relative to the piston 10, due to the co-extrusion effect of the cylinder wall and the groove bottom wall 12 of the piston 10, the first piston ring 20 and the second piston ring 30 move downwards integrally and compress the spring plate mechanism 40, and when the piston 10 expands and becomes larger relative to the first piston ring 20 and the second piston ring 30, the axial elastic force provided by the spring plate mechanism 40 enables the first piston ring 20 and the second piston ring 30 to move upwards integrally.
In the processes of ascending, descending, standing and thermal deformation of the piston 10, the first piston ring 20 and the second piston ring 30 are always attached to the bottom wall 12 of the groove, so that no back clearance exists, the air leakage of the back clearance of the side clearance is reduced, and meanwhile, as the first piston ring 20 and the second piston ring 30 are always axially attached, no communicated opening area exists, and the air leakage of the opening is reduced.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first piston ring 20 is provided with a positioning lip 22, the positioning lip 22 is fitted in the second opening 31 and the third opening 41, and the positioning lip 22 is used to prevent the first opening 21, the second opening 31 and the third opening 41 from rotating relatively during the operation and use of the piston assembly 100.
In summary, according to the piston assembly in the embodiment of the invention, under the elasticity of a proper spring plate mechanism and without considering machining precision, theoretically, the internal combustion engine adopting the piston assembly has no piston air leakage, so that the optimization and even the cancellation of a crankcase ventilation system and a labyrinth structure are possible, and great benefits are provided for emission, engine miniaturization and light weight.
The internal combustion engine according to the second aspect of the present invention includes the piston assembly according to the above-mentioned embodiment, and because the piston assembly according to the embodiment of the present invention has the above-mentioned technical effects, the internal combustion engine according to the embodiment of the present invention also has the corresponding technical effects, that is, the problem of piston blow-by can be effectively solved, and the economy is improved.
Other structures and operations of the internal combustion engine according to the embodiments of the present invention will be understood and readily implemented by those skilled in the art, and thus will not be described in detail.
When the piston assembly 100 according to the embodiment of the invention is used, the first piston ring and the second piston ring are kept in contact with the inclined surface of the bottom wall under the action of the axial elastic force of the elastic sheet mechanism in the process of moving the piston upwards. In the descending process of the piston, the first piston ring and the second piston ring are kept attached to the bottom wall inclined plane under the acting force of the bottom wall inclined plane, and the sealing performance is guaranteed. And at the time of the piston being static, the first piston ring and the second piston ring are kept attached to the inclined plane of the bottom wall through the elastic sheet mechanism. In the process of thermal deformation, under the interaction of the cylinder wall, the bottom wall inclined plane and the elastic sheet mechanism, the first piston ring and the second piston ring are kept attached to the bottom wall inclined plane, the first piston ring and the second piston ring are always attached to the piston ring groove in a tangential direction in the whole process, no back clearance exists, and meanwhile, the first piston ring and the second piston ring are always axially attached to each other, so that a communicated opening area does not exist.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A piston assembly, comprising:
the piston is provided with an open slot along the circumferential direction, and the open slot comprises a bottom wall extending along the axial direction of the piston and a side wall extending along the radial direction of the piston;
the first piston ring is formed into an annular shape and sleeved in the open groove, and a first opening is formed in the first piston ring;
the second piston ring is formed into an annular shape and is sleeved in the open groove close to the first piston ring in the axial direction of the piston, a second opening is formed in the second piston ring, and the first opening is not communicated with the second opening;
the elastic sheet mechanism is formed into an annular shape and sleeved in the open slot, the elastic sheet mechanism is arranged between the second piston ring and the side wall of the open slot, a third opening is formed in the elastic sheet mechanism, and the first piston ring, the second piston ring and the bottom wall inclined plane are attached to each other through the axial elasticity of the elastic sheet mechanism;
the shell fragment mechanism includes:
the first supporting plate is connected with the lower end face of the second piston ring;
the second supporting plate is connected with the side wall of the open slot;
the elastic layer is arranged between the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate;
the elastic layer is formed to have an hourglass-shaped cross section.
2. The piston assembly of claim 1 wherein said first opening is spaced 180 ° from said second opening in the circumferential direction of said piston.
3. The piston assembly of claim 1 wherein said slot bottom wall of said open slot is beveled.
4. The piston assembly of claim 3 wherein said inner wall of said first piston ring is beveled and abuts said bottom wall of said open groove.
5. The piston assembly of claim 4 wherein said inner wall of said second piston ring is beveled and abuts said bottom wall of said open groove.
6. The piston assembly of claim 5, wherein the inner wall of the leaf spring mechanism is inclined and clings to the bottom wall of the open slot.
7. The piston assembly of claim 1 wherein said first piston ring is provided with a retaining lip, said retaining lip fitting within said second opening and said third opening.
8. An internal combustion engine comprising a piston assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710933599.8A CN109653894B (en) | 2017-10-10 | 2017-10-10 | Piston assembly and internal combustion engine with same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710933599.8A CN109653894B (en) | 2017-10-10 | 2017-10-10 | Piston assembly and internal combustion engine with same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109653894A CN109653894A (en) | 2019-04-19 |
| CN109653894B true CN109653894B (en) | 2021-05-18 |
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ID=66108556
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710933599.8A Active CN109653894B (en) | 2017-10-10 | 2017-10-10 | Piston assembly and internal combustion engine with same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109653894B (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB531345A (en) * | 1939-07-19 | 1941-01-02 | Wellworthy Piston Rings Ltd | Improvements relating to piston-rings |
| US3493221A (en) * | 1967-06-20 | 1970-02-03 | Tech Fortschrilt M B H Ges | Elastomeric annular spring assembly |
| CN2703885Y (en) * | 2004-05-13 | 2005-06-08 | 靳北彪 | Zero-leakage piston ring mechanism |
| CN204212869U (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2015-03-18 | 张虞旭驹 | A kind of piston matching component |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1099235A (en) * | 1964-04-08 | 1968-01-17 | Hepworth & Grandage Ltd | Improvements in or relating to annular sealing means |
| US4384729A (en) * | 1981-05-20 | 1983-05-24 | Benjamin Birenbaum | Interlocking dual plane gapped compression rings |
| CN2421419Y (en) * | 2000-05-29 | 2001-02-28 | 沙纯胜 | Angular surface combined piston ring |
-
2017
- 2017-10-10 CN CN201710933599.8A patent/CN109653894B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB531345A (en) * | 1939-07-19 | 1941-01-02 | Wellworthy Piston Rings Ltd | Improvements relating to piston-rings |
| US3493221A (en) * | 1967-06-20 | 1970-02-03 | Tech Fortschrilt M B H Ges | Elastomeric annular spring assembly |
| CN2703885Y (en) * | 2004-05-13 | 2005-06-08 | 靳北彪 | Zero-leakage piston ring mechanism |
| CN204212869U (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2015-03-18 | 张虞旭驹 | A kind of piston matching component |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109653894A (en) | 2019-04-19 |
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