CN109653892A - Mix complex cylinder head - Google Patents
Mix complex cylinder head Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109653892A CN109653892A CN201811178187.9A CN201811178187A CN109653892A CN 109653892 A CN109653892 A CN 109653892A CN 201811178187 A CN201811178187 A CN 201811178187A CN 109653892 A CN109653892 A CN 109653892A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder head
- coating
- valve
- engine cylinder
- polymer composite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
- F02F1/4285—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads of both intake and exhaust channel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2201/00—Metals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2225/00—Synthetic polymers, e.g. plastics; Rubber
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
一种发动机气缸盖包括：由金属材料形成的内部金属结构，所述内部金属结构的至少一部分包括热涂层；以及由聚合物复合材料形成的外部聚合物复合结构，其中所述外部聚合物复合结构至少部分地围绕所述内部金属结构。
An engine cylinder head includes: an inner metal structure formed from a metallic material, at least a portion of the inner metal structure includes a thermal coating; and an outer polymer composite structure formed from a polymer composite, wherein the outer polymer composite A structure at least partially surrounds the inner metal structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the components of internal combustion engine, including the mixing with inner metal structures and outer polymer structure
Complex cylinder head.
Background technique
Cylinder head is usually made of the metal of aluminium or cast iron etc..Metal cylinder head may have one or more lack
Point.Cast-iron head is very heavy and shows lower thermal conductivity.The manufacturing cost of aluminium cylinder lid is higher.In addition, for certain applications,
Some aluminium cylinder lids may show insufficient corrosion resistance and unacceptable thermal expansion.Metal cylinder head has been proposed
Alternative.It has for instance been proposed that part ceramic cylinder lid or fiber reinforced ceramic-base complex cylinder head.However, such gas
Cylinder cap can express limited heat and surge pressure bearing capacity.
Summary of the invention
A kind of engine cylinder cap comprising the inner metal structures formed by metal material；And it is compound by polymer
The outer polymer composite construction that material is formed, wherein the outer polymer composite construction is at least partly around interior metal
Structure.Polymer composites may include fibrous material.Inner metal structures can form the upper part of combustion chamber.Interior metal
Structure can form combustion chamber insertion piece.Inner metal structures may include fire-proof plate.Fire-proof plate may include multiple engine coolants
Port, multiple oil discharge outlets or both.Interior section can be made of cast iron.Outer polymer composite construction can be by thermosetting resin system
At.The thermosetting resin may include polyester resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyurethane, polyimides, silicone resin or its
Combination.Thermosetting resin can be polyester resin.Fibrous material may include carbon fiber, aramid fibre, glass fibre, wood
Matter cellulose fibre, chemically-modified cellulose fiber or combinations thereof.Outer polymer composite construction may include for hydraulic lash
One or more oil inlets of adjuster and oil extraction feedway.Outer polymer composite construction may include one or more spark plugs
With directly injection block set.
A kind of engine cylinder cap comprising inner metal structures, the inner metal structures are made of metal material simultaneously
And including fire-proof plate；Outer polymer composite construction, the outer polymer composite construction is by the polymer including fibrous material
Composite material forms and includes one or more oil inlets for hydraulic lash adjuster and oil extraction feedway and one
Or multiple spark plugs and directly injection block set, wherein the outer polymer composite construction is at least partly around interior metal knot
Structure.
A method of forming engine cylinder cap comprising: form the inner metal structures with metal material；And
Outer polymer composite construction with polymer composites is molded on the inner metal structures, so that external poly-
Object complex is closed at least partly around inner metal structures.Polymer composites may include fibrous material.Interior metal knot
Being configured to step may include casting inner metal structures.The method may also include the one or more to form inner metal structures
Component.Inner metal structures forming step may include the one or more components for machining inner metal structures.The method is also
It may include the surface that coating is added to inner metal structures.Molding process may include being molded into outer polymer composite construction
Type or compression molding.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 describes the perspective side view of the inner metal structures of the mixing complex cylinder head according to one or more embodiments
Figure；
Fig. 2 describes the alternative view of inner metal structures shown in FIG. 1；
Fig. 3 describes the perspective side of the complex external structure of the mixing complex cylinder head according to one or more embodiments
View；
Fig. 4 describes the perspective front cross sectional view of assembled mixing complex cylinder head, the assembled mixing complex
Cylinder head includes the inner metal structures of Fig. 1 and the complex external structure of Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 shows the perspective sectional view intercepted along the line 5-5 of Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 shows the cross-sectional view of alternate embodiment intercepted along the line 5-5 of Fig. 4, shows inner metal structures part
On coating；
Fig. 7 shows the perspective side elevation view of the alternate embodiment of the inner metal structures including coating；
Fig. 8 shows the alternate embodiment of Fig. 6 including valve；
The detailed view of a part for showing valve cap of Fig. 9 display diagram 8；
Figure 10 shows the alternative view of mixing complex lid, shows one of valve capping and alignment feature structure
Point；And the intake and exhaust valves and seat insertion piece of part heat coating.
Figure 11 shows the perspective view of the another alternate embodiment of the inner metal structures including alignment feature structure.
Specific embodiment
Now with detailed reference to composition of the invention known for inventor, embodiments and methods.It is, however, to be understood that
It is that the disclosed embodiments are only the example that can implement in different forms with alternative form of the invention.Therefore, institute is public herein
The specific detail opened is not necessarily to be construed as restrictive, and is merely possible to for instructing those skilled in the art in various ways
Utilize representative basis of the invention.
Unless explicitly stated otherwise, all numerical value numbers of quantity of material or reaction and/or use condition are otherwise indicated in this specification
Amount is interpreted as being modified when describing widest range of the present invention with word " about ".
For one group for being suitable for given purpose related with one or more embodiments of the invention or a kind of material
Description means the group or mixture of any two or more members is suitable in such.Ingredient retouches in the technical terms of chemistry
The ingredient when any combination for referring to and specifying in being added to specification is stated, and is once mixed, mixture is not necessarily excluded
Chemical interaction between ingredient.First definition of acronym or other abbreviations is applicable in contracting identical in this article
Write all subsequent usages of word, and the normal grammatical variants for the abbreviation for being suitable for initially defining plus necessary change.It removes
It is non-have it is opposite clearly state, otherwise the measurement of characteristic by with before or after for the same technique of same characteristic reference come
It determines.
Internal combustion engine includes the engine with one or more cylinders.Each of cylinder is covered with cylinder head,
The cylinder head is located above each cylinder and is located on the top of cylinder block.Cylinder head is closed at cylinder head, thus
Form combustion chamber.In addition, cylinder head provides space for channel, air and fuel feed to cylinder and are allowed to arrange by the channel
Gas evolution.Cylinder head is also possible to install the suitable position of spark plug, valve and fuel injector.
Cylinder head is usually made of the metal of such as aluminium or cast iron.The latent defect packet for the cylinder head being made of cast iron completely
Include relatively high weight and low thermal conductivity.The weight of aluminium cylinder lid is usually the half of equivalent cast-iron head, and thermal conductivity
About its three times.However, the possible too expensive of aluminium cylinder lid, corrosion resistance is insufficient, may be too soft for certain applications, and
It may show high thermal expansion.The alternative of metal cylinder head is the cylinder head that part is formed by ceramic material.For example, the U.S.
The patent No. 5,657,729 discloses metal heat sink, and the metal heat sink is connected to the top for the indoor ceramic section that burns
Part.In addition, U.S. Patent number 5,657,729 discloses fiber reinforced ceramic-base complex cylinder head and cylinder head set.However,
Such complex cylinder head has limited heat and surge pressure bearing capacity.In addition, ceramic material cannot be molded in cylinder head
Metallic framework around.
Therefore, there is still a need for developing a kind of cylinder head, the cylinder head accommodates combustion pressure and thermal force, while being lightweight
, therefore help to improve fuel efficiency.It would also be desirable to provide a kind of cylinder head, the cylinder head will have the advantages that other, such as
Good corrosion resistance, hot benefit keep rigidity and/or the machine number of operations reduction during the production of cylinder head.
In addition, other than Mass lost, it is highly desirable to provide a kind of cylinder head with more preferable thermal characteristics, the heat is special
Property in required place keep heat, while structure not will receive the harm of high temperature.
A kind of mixing complex cylinder head solves the problems, such as said one or multiple and/or provide as disclosed herein
Above-mentioned benefit.Mixing complex cylinder head is suitable for various engines as disclosed herein.For example, mixing complex cylinder head
It can be used for gasoline direct injection engine and/or gasoline/diesel port fuel jet engine.
According to one or more embodiments, mix complex cylinder head be able to bear 150 DEG C or lower, 100 DEG C or lower,
50 DEG C or lower, 0 DEG C or lower, -20 DEG C or lower, -40 DEG C or lower, -60 DEG C or lower or -80 DEG C or lower temperature.
Mixing complex cylinder head is able to bear 90 DEG C or higher, 110 DEG C or higher, 150 DEG C or higher, 200 DEG C or higher, 250 DEG C
Or higher, 300 DEG C or higher or 350 DEG C or higher temperature.Mixing complex cylinder head be able to bear 0.5 bar or higher,
0.75 bar or higher, 1 bar or higher or 1.5 bars or higher coolant pressure.Mixing complex cylinder head is able to bear 50 bars
Or higher, 75 bars or higher, 100 bars or higher, 125 bars or higher or 150 bars or higher cylinder pressure.
According to one or more embodiments, as shown in Figures 1 to 5, mixing complex cylinder head 100 includes interior metal knot
Structure 10 and composite material external structure 12.Compared with metal cylinder head, mixing complex cylinder head 100 has relatively light weight
Amount.Mixing complex cylinder head 100 provides additional advantage.For example, inner metal structures 10 and outer polymer composite construction
12 combination allows preferably to organize the complex internal shape of cylinder head 100.For example, compared with traditional metal cylinder head, it is multiple
The coolant circuit of fit cylinder head 100 is preferably organized.The heat transmitting that mixing complex cylinder head 100 allows to optimize, makes
Obtain the place that heat is maintained at needs.
As in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 as it can be seen that inner metal structures 10, which can be, to form the section of the upper part of combustion chamber.It is internal
Metal structure 10 may include combustion chamber insertion piece 14.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, inner metal structures 10 may include cylinder head with
Lower component: one or more valve stem guide parts 16, deflation area 18, one or more inlet-valve spring seats 20, one or more
Exhaust valve spring seat 22, fire-proof plate 24, one or more domes of one or more combustion chambers 26, one or more bonnet bolt columns
28 or combinations thereof.(lid) fire-proof plate 24 may include one or more air inlets and/or exhaust outlet, one or more of air inlets
And/or exhaust outlet is to be casted into the inner metal structures 10 of cylinder head 100, lead to the channel of corresponding valve from manifold.Such as
As it can be seen that fire-proof plate 24 may include multiple engine coolant ports 30 and multiple fuel outlets and crankcase ventilation hole 32 in Fig. 2.
It is expected that at least some of above-mentioned component may include internal in external polymer complex structure 12
In metal structure 10.It would, however, be desirable to provide at least some of described part (such as fire-proof plate 24 and deflation area 18) conduct
A part of portion's metal structure 10, because fire-proof plate 24 and deflation area 18 are likely to be exposed at the temperature that can be born higher than composite material
And pressure.In addition, allowing to reduce or prevent due to sudden and violent including the one or more in above-mentioned component in inner metal structures 10
It is exposed to the fatigue failure of cylinder head caused by alternate stress.Inner metal structures 10 can carry dead load and dynamic loading, and
Outer polymer composite construction 12 does not need carrying dead load.Bonnet bolt column 28 alleviates the dead load assigned by metal material.
In addition, forming one or more of above-mentioned component by metal has the advantages that other.For example, fire-proof plate 24 increases interior metal
The rigidity of structure, structure flatness and the leakproofness of structure 10, and maintain the size of one or more domes of combustion chamber 26
Stability.
Inner metal structures 10 can be made of aluminium, deformation aluminium, cast iron, CGI iron, steel or another metal, this depends on spy
Determine engine application.Inner metal structures 10 can be made of one or more alloys.For example, inner metal structures 10 can by comprising
The aluminium alloy of copper, silicon, manganese, magnesium etc. or combinations thereof is made.The addition of silicon and/or copper reduces the thermal expansion of inner metal structures 10
With contraction, durability and castability.The addition of copper promotes age-hardening.The addition of manganese and/or magnesium improves the intensity of alloy.
Because inner metal structures 10 form a part of combustion chamber 14, the material of inner metal structures 10 must endure as burning
The increase of temperature and pressure during process.The type of material for inner metal structures 10 can be according to the need of specific application
Adjust, needed for performance, surge pressure, duty ratio etc. or combinations thereof.
Outer polymer composite construction 12 can be formed by composite material and at least partly around the inside of cylinder head gold
Belong to the formation of structure 10.Outer polymer composite construction 12 may include reinforced polymeric material.Outer polymer composite construction 12 can
Include thermoplastic material.Outer polymer composite construction 12 may include thermosetting resin.Thermosetting resin may include polyester resin,
Epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyurethane, polyimides, silicone resin or other kinds of resin, with and combinations thereof.Outside polymerization
Object composite construction 12 can be enhanced with fibrous material.Outer polymer composite construction 12 may include fiber-reinforced polymer.Example
Such as, outer polymer composite construction 12 can be increased with carbon fiber, aramid fibre, glass, basalt etc. or combinations thereof
By force.Outer polymer composite construction 12 can be used to lower person to enhance: such as cotton, wool, flax, jute, coconut, hemp, straw
Lignocellulose fiber, grass fiber and other fibers and, for example, chemical modified fiber that can be directly obtained from natural source
Cellulose fiber, chemical modification natural fiber of cotton fiber etc..Suitable natural fiber further includes abaca, cantala, Caro A Ye
Fiber, henequen, maguey, Mauritius, New Zealand, bowstring hemp, sisal hemp, mestha, ramie, roselle, print
Fiber crops, cadillo (cadillo), kapok, broom top root (broom root), coir fibre, etendelle is spent to plant
Object (crin vegetal) and fiber are brown (piassaua).These natural fiber row tables are illustrative and be not restrictive.Change
The example for learning modified fibre further includes azlon (regeneration native protein), regenerated cellulose product (including xanthan
Acid cellulose (artificial silk), cellulose acetate, cellulose triacetate, nitrocellulose), alginate fibre, casein base fiber etc..
In one or more embodiments, outer polymer composite construction 12 includes the thermosetting property tree with fibre reinforced
Rouge is reduced, excellent fatigue resistance and chemical resistance with weight needed for increasing rigidity, offer.Carbon fiber is due to its high intensity
Weight ratio and stiffness/weight ratio are also suitable.However, any kind of fiber is all suitable, and composite material is specific
Composition depends on particular engine application.
As shown in figure 3, outer polymer composite construction 12 may include multiple components.In one or more non-limiting implementations
In example, outer polymer composite construction 12 may include one or more jacket core supporting elements 34, one or more inlet-valve springs
Block set 36, one or more spark plug and directly spray block set 38, one or more petrolift pedestal block set 40, to the one of cam
A or multiple fluid supply apparatus 42, one or more oil inlets for hydraulic lash adjuster and oil extraction feedway 44, cam
Bearing fluid supply apparatus 46, one or more sides directly spray installing port 48, one or more air inlet installation bases 50, front cover
Seal guide rail 52, Cam rest installation guide rail 54 and/or one or more Cam rest installation bases 56.It is expected that cylinder
The other parts of lid can be a part of outer polymer composite construction 12.For example, inlet manifold or base lid (not shown) can
It is included in outer polymer composite construction 12.
In one or more embodiments, the method for manufacturing complex cylinder head 100 includes the following steps.Although described
Method be related to cylinder head 100, but the process is equally applicable to gaseous mixture cylinder cap 200,300 and 400 and theirs is each
Part.Inner metal structures 10 can be manufactured such that a unit, such as pass through increasing material manufacturing, casting, single casting, molding, weldering
It connects or is formed by another method.Alternatively, the various pieces for mixing complex cylinder head 100 can individually produce, and
And inner metal structures 10 can be assembled by various pieces.Preferably, the various pieces of cylinder head 100 be molded together with
Form consistent combustion chamber insertion piece 14.For example, being molded as by single casting or together with one or more other parts
A part of combustion chamber insertion piece 14 provides improved rigidity, intensity and flatness control to manufacture fire-proof plate 24.
Once casting otherwise produces inner metal structures 10, it is desirable at least partly machine interior metal knot
Structure 10.For example, inner metal structures 10 can be machined to generate one or more locators or other feature structures, it is described
Locator or other feature structures help to be held in place inner metal structures 10 during heat cure.
When production mixes complex cylinder head 100, another to be considered problem is that inner metal structures 10 are more poly- than external
Object composite construction 12 is closed quickly to expand and shrink.Therefore, during using cylinder head 100, inner metal structures 10 can with it is outer
Portion's polymer complex structure 12 is detached from.Therefore, it is intended that increasing at least the one of inner metal structures 10 at least one embodiment
The surface area in a little regions.Texture can be added by least some regions of internally metal structure 10 to increase surface area.This
It can complete, such as be added by roughening, sawtooth, micro- sawtooth, abrasive material cutting, sandblasting, honing, electric discharge by various methods
Work, milling, etching, chemical milling, laser-graining or by another technique, or combinations thereof.At least in one embodiment
In, texture is added to the surface of bonnet bolt column 24, which improve inner metal structures 10 and outer polymer composite construction 12
Composite material between bond strength.By inner metal structures 10 be inserted into mold in front of and inner metal structures 10 by
Before composite material overmold, the step of surface that texture is added to inner metal structures should be executed.
Additionally, it is contemplated that inner metal structures 10 can be subjected to other processing.In one or more embodiments, really
The coating for protecting better heat management is applied to the inner metal structures 10 of mixing complex cylinder head 100 and is exposed to hot gas
One or more surfaces.The property of can choose ground applying coating, so that only coating one or more parts of inner metal structures.
Coating can be provided by japanning, spraying, printing, dip-coating or combinations thereof.Mask can be used for ensuring accurately coating coating
To certain a part of inner metal structures.
Then, inner metal structures 10 are inserted into the mold of moulding press.Inner metal structures 10 are tempered.Mold is envelope
It closes.The composite material of outer polymer composite construction 12 is supplied in mold.Outer polymer composite construction 12 passes through mould
System is formed, and composite material solidifies during this period.By composite molded on the inner metal structures 10 being placed in mold.It is multiple
Condensation material can be moulded by injection molding, compression molding, rotational casting or other method of moulding.Solidification can be by chemical anti-
It answers, radiate or combinations thereof via about 200 DEG C or higher heat and induce.Thermosetting plastics is changed into hardening by curing process
Thermosetting resin, the thermosetting resin have final shape due to crosslinking process.One kind can be added during the reaction
Or multiple catalysts and/or energy, it is described to cause strand to react and connect into rigid three dimensional structures in chemical active sites
Structure cannot reheat to change its shape.After solidification, outer polymer composite construction 12 is very suitable for high temperature application.
In at least one embodiment, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, resulting combustion chamber insertion piece 14 is molded into external poly-
It closes in object composite construction 12.Temperature is then reduced, mold is opened, take out mixing complex cylinder head 100 and places it in room temperature
Under.
Fig. 4 shows the inner metal structures 10 and outer polymer composite construction 12 assembled in this way, mode
To be formed watertight joint with the cylinder head jacket 60 in 100 component of blanket gas cylinder cap.As shown in Figure 4, water jacket 60 is by mould
It is made as a part of outer polymer composite construction 12.Fig. 5 shows the section of the line 5-5 along Fig. 4.As in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 as it can be seen that
Inner metal structures 10 are at least partly surrounded by outer polymer composite construction 12.Fig. 5 show inner metal structures 10 with
Lower part: the bonnet bolt column 28 of combustion chamber 26, two, the exhaust valve spring seat of inlet-valve spring seat 20, one of deflation area 18, one
22 and be molded as outer polymer composite construction 12 a part two engine coolant ports 30.Composite material
In opening 62 accommodate oil circuit.
Machine for producing mixing complex cylinder head 100 can be including for producing internal gold according to the above method
Belong to the casting of structure 10 or the machine of mold.Other machine includes for injection molding, compression molding, rotational casting or being used for
Composite material is at least partly molded in the mould of another forming technique on inner metal structures 10 according to the above method
Machine processed.
In order to further decrease the quality of gaseous mixture cylinder cap and be further improved the thermal characteristics of gaseous mixture cylinder cap, can including
Implement coating on one or more parts of portion's metal structure.Describe Alternative exemplary gaseous mixture cylinder cap 200 in figure 6 and figure 7,
Its floating coat 70 is depicted in the multiple portions of inner metal structures 210.
Coating 70 can be hot coating, the heat exposure of the structure member of limitation gaseous mixture cylinder cap 200 is designed to, with logical
Spend the service life for reducing oxidation and heat fatigue to extend cylinder head 200.Coating 70 is also designed to keep each of gaseous mixture cylinder cap 200
Thermal energy in part, wherein needing to keep the temperature and therefore preventing thermal loss.Coating 70 can assist waste heat management.For example, coating 70
It can help to intercept and capture the heat in the discribed exhaust outlet 72 of Fig. 7 and its surface.Keep the heat in exhaust outlet 72 that can cause to arrange
The more preferable conversion of gas substance, to generally reduce the exhaust gas discharge discharged into the atmosphere.Therefore, although coating 70 can coat
From anywhere in inner metal structures 210, it may be desirable to the part for being easy to heat exposure of coating inner metal structures 210.
In addition, coating 70 can enable wall thickness to reduce, because coating 70 can protect skin-surface, can make load most
Smallization simultaneously being capable of heat extraction.Therefore coating 70 further can enable quality to reduce, because of each coating of inner metal structures 210
Component can be formed thinner, be formed by lesser amount of material, because coating 70 can compensate for reduced thickness.
In addition, coating 70 can assist in keeping heat far from outer polymer composite construction.Although in interior metal knot
Coating 70 is described on structure, but can further comprise applying at least one or more part of external polymer complex structure
Layer 70 or another coating.Coated on polymer composites this coating can be for example by it is plasma-deposited such as
Plasma spraying.
Coating 70 can be continuous or discontinuous in a part of inner metal structures 210.Coating 70 can be
Conformal.The thickness of coating 70 can be it is uniform or in the different piece of inner metal structures 210 it is different.Coating 70 can
To be smooth or at least part of coating 70 can be textured, including ridge, paddy, peak, protrusion, spike etc..
In at least one embodiment, inner metal structures 210 about 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%,
35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 90%, 95% or bigger percentage can coat
There is coating 70.For example, the whole surface of exhaust outlet 72, combustion chamber 74 etc. can be coated.
Coating 70 with same composition can be used in the different piece of inner metal structures 210.It alternatively, can be with
Implement two or more coatings 70 with different compositions, so that the composition of such as first coating and the composition of second coating are not
Together.Other than composition, the size (thickness) of first coating and second coating, (no) continuity etc. be can also be different.The
One coating 70 ' and second coating 70 " can temporarily or permanently be in contact with each other.Consider other coating, such as third coating,
4th coating etc..
The thickness of coating 70 can be several mils to some thousandths of inch.For example, the thickness of coating 70 can be with
It is 0.0001 inch to 0.01 inch, 0.0005 inch to 0.005 inch or 0.001 inch to 0.0025 inch.
Exemplary materials for coating 70 can be including crystalline ceramic materials, the ceramics of noncrystalline ceramics, aluminium oxide,
Mullite, ceria, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, kaolinite, metatitanic acid comprising aluminium oxide and silica
Barium, bismuth-strontium-calcium-copper oxide, boron oxide, boron nitride, lead zirconate titanate, magnesium diboride, silicon-aluminium-nitride-oxide, yttrium barium copper oxide,
Yttrium stable zirconium oxide (YSZ), zinc oxide, zirconium dioxide, rare earth zirconate, rare earth oxide, metal glass composite material or its
Combination.Other exemplary materials for coating 70 may include molybdenum, titanium, nickel, copper, such as nickel, chromium, the alloy of molybdenum alloy, such as High-performance superalloy etc., or combinations thereof.
The exemplary application of coating 70 is in Fig. 6 as it can be seen that Fig. 6 describes the section of gaseous mixture cylinder cap 200.Inner metal structures
If 210 include the stem portion coated with coating 70.As can be seen that coating 70 is applied to exhaust discharge surface 72 and combustion chamber 74
In.In addition, valve seating insertion piece 76 further includes coating 70.In Fig. 7, exhaust outlet 72 is described with coating 70.
In at least one embodiment, mixing complex cylinder head 300 may include inlet valve 78 and exhaust valve 80, it is described into
At least one of valve 78 and exhaust valve 80 can be at least partially coated with coating 70.For example, as depicted in fig. 8, exhaust valve
80 and inlet valve 78 include coating 70.Exhaust valve 80 includes greater percentage of coating surface than inlet valve 78, will be applied
Layer 70, which is gathered in, to be influenced by heat on maximum region.
At least one of valve 78,80 may include in one or more of discribed following part Fig. 8 to Figure 10
On coating 70: the top section of valve stem 84, valve stem 86, valve cap 88, for seating face 90, valve capping 92 or
A combination thereof.The whole surface of each name part 84-92 or a section can be covered with coating 70.
Fig. 8 further shows the concept that more than one coating 70 is coated on one or two valve 78,80.For example, gas
Door guide part running surface 84 keeps no coating on two valves 78,80.Two valves all include on valve stem 86
One coating 70 ' is worn with reducing and is provided between additional lubricity/reduction valve stem 86 and valve guide part running surface 94
Friction.Other than seating face 90, exhaust valve 80 further includes the second coating 70 " on valve cap surface 88.It is coated to
The first coating 70 ' on the surface of exhaust valve 80 has the size different from the first coating 70 ' on the surface for being coated to inlet valve 78.
In one or more embodiments, each section of valve surfaces can keep no coating 70.As shown in Figure 9,
The valve cap 88 of inlet valve 78 can not have coating 70.Similarly, the seating face 90 of exhaust valve 80 can keep not applying
Layer 70, for example, for use in inner metal structures to water jacket/cooling system maximum heat transfer are passed through.As in figure 9 and in figure 10
Furthermore, it can be seen that the valve seating insertion piece 76 of exhaust valve 80 can keep no coating 70 with maximum heat transfer.Alternatively,
Only a part of seating face 90, valve seating insertion piece 76 or both can keep no coating 70.There is no the surface of coating 70
Can have any size, shape, configuration circle, bar shaped, rectangle, square etc..Alternatively, seating face 90 is gentle
Gate seat insertion piece 76 can be coated with coating 70.Alternatively, coating surface 70 and uncoated surface 82 can with certain pattern or
It is random alternately, such as coating surface 70 can have it is adjacent with the uncoated surface 82 of rectangle, adjacent with the coating surface 70 of rectangle
Deng rectangular shape.
In one or more embodiments, consider to provide full ceramic valve.Alternatively, one or two valve 78,80
Whole surface can be coated with coating 70, such as ceramic coating.Alternatively, one or two valve 78,80 can be by such as titanium
Metal be made, and coating can be made of one or more above-mentioned materials (such as molybdenum).
In yet another embodiment, other than coating 70, inner metal structures 310,410 may also include hole support and it is cold
But the example of bridge alignment feature structure 96, the hole support and cooling bridge alignment feature structure is shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11.It is special
Attachment ability can be provided to engine cylinder body by levying structure 96.For example, feature structure 96 can have the male portion with cylinder body
Groove, folding line, joint tongue, protrusion or another concave portions matched, so that gaseous mixture cylinder cap disclosed herein is attachable, fixes, matches
It closes on engine cylinder body.
Although being not meant to that these embodiments describe all possibility of the invention described above is exemplary embodiment
Form.But word as used in this specification is descriptive word and not restrictive, and it will be understood that can not depart from
Various changes are made in the case where the spirit and scope of the present invention.Furthermore it is possible to combine the feature of the embodiment of various implementations with
Form the other embodiment of the present invention.
According to the present invention, a kind of engine cylinder cap is provided, the engine cylinder cap is included to be formed by metal material
Inner metal structures, at least part of the inner metal structures include hot coating；And it is formed by polymer composites
Outer polymer composite construction, wherein the outer polymer composite construction is at least partly around inner metal structures.
According to one embodiment, inner metal structures include the fire-proof plate with exhaust discharge surface, and hot coating covers
It is vented discharge surface.
According to one embodiment, inner metal structures form the combustion chamber for being coated with hot coating.
According to one embodiment, inner metal structures include the valve seating insertion piece coated with hot coating.
It is of the invention to be further characterized in that including valve according to one embodiment.
According to one embodiment, at least part of valve includes hot coating.
According to one embodiment, the whole surface of the valve capping of valve includes hot coating.
According to one embodiment, entire valve and its surface are made of ceramic.
According to one embodiment, hot coating is ceramic coating.
According to one embodiment, outer polymer composite construction is made of thermosetting resin.
According to the present invention, a kind of engine cylinder cap is provided, the engine cylinder cap has to be formed by metal material
Inner metal structures；The outer polymer composite construction formed by polymer composites；And exhaust valve and inlet valve, wherein
At least part of at least part and exhaust valve of inner metal structures, inlet valve or both includes the first hot coating, second
Hot coating or both.
According to one embodiment, the first hot coating is ceramics, and the second hot coating is with different from the first hot coating
Chemical composition.
According to one embodiment, the seating face of inlet valve and exhaust valve is without the first hot coating.
According to one embodiment, the gentle door rod of valve capping of exhaust valve includes the first hot coating.
According to one embodiment, exhaust valve and inlet valve all include the second hot coating, and second hot coating is arranged in gas
On valve stem surface between the upper part and valve guide part running surface of door closure.
According to one embodiment, the length for being covered with the second hot coating on surface is bigger than on inlet valve on exhaust valve.
According to the present invention, a kind of engine cylinder cap is provided, the engine cylinder cap has to be formed by metal material
Inner metal structures, the inner metal structures include multiple exhaust outlets of heat coating and the combustion chamber insertion piece of heat coating；By
The outer polymer composite construction that polymer composites are formed, the outer polymer composite construction is at least partly around institute
State inner metal structures；And using the combustion chamber insertion piece as the support of the hole of frame and cooling bridge alignment feature structure.
According to one embodiment, outer polymer composite construction include for hydraulic lash adjuster it is one or more into
Oil and oil extraction feedway.
It is of the invention to be further characterized in that exhaust valve and inlet valve, at least part of each valve according to one embodiment
It is heat coating.
According to one embodiment, hot coating is ceramic coating.
Claims (15)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US15/730,779 US10060385B2 (en) | 2015-02-11 | 2017-10-12 | Hybrid composite cylinder head |
| US15/730,779 | 2017-10-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109653892A true CN109653892A (en) | 2019-04-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811178187.9A Pending CN109653892A (en) | 2017-10-12 | 2018-10-10 | Mix complex cylinder head |
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| CN (1) | CN109653892A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102018125101A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113021084A (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-06-25 | 惠州标点扣具科技有限公司 | Machining method of forming die for plastic fastener production |
| US11933204B2 (en) | 2022-06-23 | 2024-03-19 | Caterpillar Inc. | Systems and methods for thermal barrier coatings to modify engine component thermal characteristics |
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| US4852542A (en) * | 1987-10-23 | 1989-08-01 | Adiabatics, Inc. | Thin thermal barrier coating for engines |
| CN1738966A (en) * | 2003-01-15 | 2006-02-22 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Cylinder block, cylinder head and engine main body |
| JP2014020301A (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2014-02-03 | Mazda Motor Corp | Engine combustion chamber structure |
| CN105863866A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2016-08-17 | 福特全球技术公司 | Hybrid composite cylinder head |
| CN107023415A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-08-08 | 福特全球技术公司 | Explosive motor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5657729A (en) | 1995-08-16 | 1997-08-19 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite cylinder head and cylinder head liner for an internal combustion engine |
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2018
- 2018-10-10 DE DE102018125101.7A patent/DE102018125101A1/en active Pending
- 2018-10-10 CN CN201811178187.9A patent/CN109653892A/en active Pending
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4254621A (en) * | 1978-03-27 | 1981-03-10 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | Heat-insulating layer to prevent temperature drop of combustion gas in internal combustion engine |
| US4852542A (en) * | 1987-10-23 | 1989-08-01 | Adiabatics, Inc. | Thin thermal barrier coating for engines |
| CN1738966A (en) * | 2003-01-15 | 2006-02-22 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Cylinder block, cylinder head and engine main body |
| JP2014020301A (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2014-02-03 | Mazda Motor Corp | Engine combustion chamber structure |
| CN105863866A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2016-08-17 | 福特全球技术公司 | Hybrid composite cylinder head |
| CN107023415A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-08-08 | 福特全球技术公司 | Explosive motor |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113021084A (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-06-25 | 惠州标点扣具科技有限公司 | Machining method of forming die for plastic fastener production |
| US11933204B2 (en) | 2022-06-23 | 2024-03-19 | Caterpillar Inc. | Systems and methods for thermal barrier coatings to modify engine component thermal characteristics |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| DE102018125101A1 (en) | 2019-04-18 |
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