CN109649152B - A dual planetary oil-electric hybrid vehicle transmission system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle transmission system of double-planet oil discharging electric hybrid power, which comprises: the first gear ring is connected with an output shaft of the engine through a first clutch, the first sun gear is connected with an output shaft of the first motor, the first gear ring is connected with the first sun gear through a second clutch, the first planet carrier is connected with one end of a second planet carrier of the second planet row through a third clutch, the first brake is connected with the first gear ring, the second brake is connected with the first sun gear, and the first planet row is a single-stage planetary gear mechanism; the other end of the second planet carrier is connected with a wheel, a second sun gear of the second planet carrier is connected with an output shaft of a second motor, a second gear ring of the second planet carrier is connected with a third brake, and the second planet row is a single-stage planetary gear mechanism; the first motor and the second motor are respectively connected with the frequency converter and the hybrid power control unit. The invention ensures smooth switching between different working conditions of the vehicle and stable operation under the same working condition by adopting the structure of the two single-stage planetary rows.

Description

A dual planetary oil-electric hybrid vehicle transmission system

Technical field

The invention belongs to the field of hybrid vehicles, and in particular relates to a dual planetary oil-electric hybrid vehicle transmission system.

Background technique

Hybrid vehicles refer to vehicles that carry different power sources and can use different power sources simultaneously or separately according to the driving needs of the vehicle. Currently, the most common type is a gasoline-electric hybrid vehicle, which uses an engine and an electric motor as the power source. Hybrid vehicles can automatically select pure electric drive mode, engine independent drive mode or hybrid drive mode according to driving conditions. Although gasoline-electric hybrid vehicles cannot achieve zero emissions, they can effectively solve the problems of short driving range and incomplete charging facilities of electric vehicles, and the external AC charging interface can further improve their economy and reduce emission pollution. Therefore, gasoline-electric hybrid vehicles are better environmentally friendly, energy-saving and economical than traditional internal combustion engine vehicles, and will have a good development trend now and in the near future.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the shortcomings of the energy-saving drive mode design of hybrid vehicles in the prior art, the present invention provides a dual planetary displacement oil-electric hybrid vehicle transmission system.

The technical solution of the present invention is a dual planetary oil-electric hybrid vehicle transmission system, which includes:

The first planetary row has a first ring gear connected to the output shaft of the engine through a first clutch, a first sun gear connected to the output shaft of the first motor, and the first ring gear is connected to the first through a second clutch. The sun gear is connected, its first planet carrier is connected to one end of the second planet carrier of the second planet row through a third clutch, the first brake is connected to the first ring gear, and the second brake is connected to the first sun gear , the first planet row is a single-stage planetary gear mechanism;

The second planetary row has the other end of the second planetary carrier connected to the wheel, the second sun gear of the second planetary row is connected to the output shaft of the second motor, and the second ring gear of the second planetary row is connected to the third brake. The second planetary row is a single stage planetary gear mechanism;

The first motor and the second motor are respectively connected to a frequency converter and a hybrid power control unit, and the frequency converter is also connected to the hybrid power control unit and the power battery respectively;

An engine is connected to the hybrid control unit through an engine control unit.

Preferably, the hybrid control unit has a first signal output terminal electrically connected to the engine control unit; a second signal output terminal electrically connected to the frequency converter; and a third signal output terminal electrically connected to the inverter. a first clutch; a fourth signal output terminal thereof is electrically connected to the second clutch; a fifth signal output terminal thereof is electrically connected to the third clutch; a sixth signal output terminal thereof is electrically connected to the first brake; The seventh signal output terminal is electrically connected to the second brake; and the eighth signal output terminal is electrically connected to the third brake.

Preferably, it also includes an auxiliary battery, the first output end of which is connected to the engine control unit through the engine auxiliary control switch, the second output end of which is connected to the hybrid control unit through the ignition switch, and the third output end of which is connected to the hybrid power control unit through the ignition switch. Describe the inverter connection.

Preferably, the power battery is connected to the auxiliary battery through a DC/DC converter.

Preferably, both the first motor and the second motor are permanent magnet brushless DC motors.

Beneficial effects: The first planetary row and the second planetary row have a single-stage planetary gear structure, which construct power transmission under different working conditions between the engine, the first motor and the second motor. Moreover, the first ring gear of the first planetary row and the first sun gear are connected through the second clutch, so that when necessary, the first ring gear and the first sun gear are connected as a whole. Each specially configured clutch and brake on the planetary row ensures smooth switching between different working conditions and stable operation under the same working condition. Through the connection method between each component and the switching method under different working conditions, this system has the advantages of energy saving and environmental protection. Although this system has a simple structure and does not have a separate transmission, it can realize the function of continuously variable speed. The engine control unit and the hybrid control unit can cooperate and work in coordination to achieve the best optimization of the working mode.

Description of the drawings

Some specific embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below by way of illustration and not limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in the drawings identify the same or similar parts or portions. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the attached picture:

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a dual planetary displacement oil-electric hybrid vehicle transmission system of the present invention;

Figure 2 shows the control principle diagram of a dual planetary displacement oil-electric hybrid vehicle transmission system of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted here that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, the dual planetary displacement gasoline-electric hybrid vehicle transmission system of the present invention mainly includes: a first planetary array, a second planetary array, an engine constructed from the two, and a space between the first motor and the second motor. connection relationship.

The first planetary row is a single-stage planetary gear mechanism. The first planet row has a first planet carrier, a first sun gear and a first ring gear.

Wherein, the first ring gear is connected to the output shaft of the engine through a first clutch, and the first brake is connected to the first ring gear. The first clutch can be engaged under the control of the hybrid control unit to integrally connect the engine output shaft and the first ring gear when needed. The first brake is capable of braking under the control of the hybrid control unit to secure the first ring gear when required. Therefore, when the first clutch is engaged, the first motor can work to start the engine, and after the engine is started, the first motor can switch to the power generation mode to charge the power battery.

The first ring gear is also connected to the first sun gear through a second clutch. The second clutch can be engaged under the control of the hybrid control unit, thereby linking the first ring gear and the first sun gear as a whole. The first sun gear is connected to the output shaft of the first motor, and the second brake is connected to the first sun gear. The second brake is capable of braking under the control of the hybrid control unit, thereby immobilizing the first sun gear when required.

The first planet carrier is connected to one end of the second planet carrier of the second planet row through a third clutch. The third clutch can be engaged under the control of the hybrid control unit, thereby connecting the first planet carrier and the second planet carrier as a whole when needed. Therefore, the first motor can cooperate with the second motor as an auxiliary drive motor. The first motor and the second motor can also be operated simultaneously to start the engine. After the engine is started, the second motor can also be switched to power generation mode to charge the power battery.

The second planetary row is a single-stage planetary gear mechanism with an ordinary single planetary gear inside. The second planet row also has a second planet carrier, a second sun gear and a second ring gear.

One end of the second planet carrier is connected to the first planet carrier through a third clutch, and the other end is connected to the driving wheel, thereby transmitting power to the wheel. The second sun gear is connected to the output shaft of the second motor. The second ring gear is connected to the third brake. The third brake is capable of braking under the control of the hybrid control unit, thereby holding the second ring gear in place when required.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, with the hybrid power control unit as the center, its control signal is connected as follows: its second signal output end is electrically connected to the inverter; its third signal output end is electrically connected to the a first clutch; a fourth signal output terminal thereof is electrically connected to the second clutch; a fifth signal output terminal thereof is electrically connected to the third clutch; a sixth signal output terminal thereof is electrically connected to the first brake; The seventh signal output terminal is electrically connected to the second brake; and the eighth signal output terminal is electrically connected to the third brake.

Among them, the first electric motor is also connected to the frequency converter and the hybrid power control unit respectively. The first motor is a permanent magnet brushless DC motor, which is an auxiliary drive motor for driving the wheels and can also be used as a generator to charge the power battery. When needed, it can start the engine independently or work together with the second motor to start the engine at the right time. It is controlled by the frequency converter and controls the direction and speed of the motor by controlling the phase sequence and frequency. At the same time, the motor feeds back technical parameters such as rotor position and motor temperature to the hybrid control unit, so that the hybrid control unit can control the motor through the inverter and activate the protection mode when necessary.

The second electric motor is connected to the frequency converter and the hybrid power control unit respectively. The second motor is a permanent magnet brushless DC motor, which is the main drive motor for driving the wheels. It can also be used as a generator to charge the power battery, and can also work in conjunction with the first motor to start the engine in a timely manner. It is controlled by a frequency converter and controls the direction and speed of the motor by controlling the phase sequence and frequency. At the same time, the motor feeds back technical parameters such as rotor position and motor temperature to the hybrid control unit, so that the hybrid control unit can control the motor through the inverter and activate the protection mode when necessary.

The frequency converter is also connected to the hybrid control unit and the power battery respectively. The engine is connected to the hybrid control unit via an engine control unit.

In addition to the control connection of the hybrid control unit, the connection method of the power battery as the power output is as follows: its input end is connected to the charging interface; the first output end of the power battery is connected to the inverter to provide operating power for the inverter and at the same time transfer the power to the inverter. The information is fed back to the frequency converter; the second output end of the power battery is connected to the auxiliary battery through a DC/DC converter.

The first output terminal of the auxiliary battery is connected to the engine control unit through the engine auxiliary control switch. The second output terminal of the auxiliary battery is connected to the hybrid control unit through the ignition switch. The third output terminal of the auxiliary battery is connected to the frequency converter.

Based on the above transmission system connection method, the working status of the hybrid vehicle of the present invention is mainly divided into the following situations: (1) starting condition, (2) low speed and small load condition, (3) medium, high speed and large load condition, (4) Rapid deceleration and braking overspeed conditions when driving forward.

(1) The starting condition is pure electric drive starting, and its specific working method is as follows. The engine and the first motor are not working, the first clutch, the second clutch, and the third clutch are all in a disconnected state, the first brake and the second brake are not braking, and the third brake is braking the second ring gear of the second planetary row. move. When the forward gear is engaged, the second motor rotates forward to drive the car to start moving forward; when the reverse gear is engaged, the second motor rotates reversely to drive the car to start driving reverse.

(2) The low-speed and small-load working conditions are also divided into two working conditions: (201) the power battery has sufficient power and (202) the power battery has insufficient power.

(201) The specific working method of the power battery with sufficient power is as follows. (201a) If the pure electric drive is an independent drive of the second motor, the independent drive mode of the second motor is the same as the starting condition. (201b) If the first motor and the second motor are in common driving mode: the first clutch and the second clutch are in the disengaged state, the third clutch is in the engaged state, the first brake and the third brake are in the braking state, and the second brake is not braking move. Forward or reverse driving is determined by the forward or reverse rotation of the motor. When going forward, the motor rotates forward and when reversing, the motor rotates reversely.

(202) The specific working method when the power battery is low is as follows. (202a) When driving forward, the first clutch and the third clutch are in the engaged state, the second clutch is in the disengaged state, and the third brake is in the braking state. The first brake and the second brake are not braking, and the first motor and the second brake are in the braking state. The motors work together to start the engine at the right time. After the engine is started, the second brake switches to the braking state, the engine drives the wheels, the first motor does not work, the second motor switches to the power generation mode, and the excess power of the engine charges the power battery through the second motor. (202b) When driving in reverse, if the power battery is not severely depleted, the driving mode is the same as when "(201) The power battery has sufficient power". If the power battery is severely depleted, the instrument will display that the battery is severely depleted, the first clutch and the second clutch are in the engaged state, the third clutch is in the disengaged state, the first brake, the second brake and the third brake are not braking, and the first The motor rotates forward to start the engine; after the engine starts, the working state of the first motor changes to the power generation mode to charge the power battery. When the power battery power reaches a certain level, the vehicle enters the reversing driving state, and the driving mode during reversing is the same as the mode when "(201) Power battery power is sufficient".

(3) The specific working methods under medium-high-speed and large-load conditions are as follows. This working condition is only used in forward gear driving state. The first clutch and the third clutch are in the engaged state, the second clutch is in the disengaged state, the third brake is in the braking state, the first brake and the second brake are not braking, and the first motor and the second motor work together to start the engine in a timely manner. After the engine is started, the second brake turns to the braking state, the first motor does not work, the engine drives the wheels, the second motor turns into a generator, and the excess energy of the engine charges the power battery through the second motor.

(4) The specific working methods of rapid deceleration, braking and overspeeding during forward driving are as follows. When the car decelerates or brakes rapidly while driving forward, or the car speed exceeds the set maximum speed, the system working mode automatically switches to the energy recovery mode. At this time, the engine does not work, the first clutch and the second clutch are in a disconnected state, and the third clutch The clutch is in the engaged state, the first brake and the third brake are in the braking state, the second brake is not braking, the first motor and the second motor are turned into the power generation state, and the kinetic energy of the vehicle is converted into electrical energy to charge the power battery and perform energy recovery. .

In addition to the working conditions when the vehicle is moving, the transmission system of the present invention is also suitable for the working conditions when the vehicle is stationary. For example, (5) engine maintenance or debugging conditions, (6) charging conditions.

During (5) engine maintenance or debugging, the gear switch should be placed in neutral. If there is no need to start the engine, the engine auxiliary control switch is in the ignition position, the engine control unit enters the working state, and a multimeter and other related instruments can be used to test the engine. At this time, the ignition switch does not need to be closed. If the engine needs to be started, the ignition switch is closed and the engine auxiliary control switch is in the start position. The hybrid control unit controls the first clutch and the second clutch to be engaged and the third clutch to be disengaged. The first brake, the second brake and the third brake are not Brake, the first motor rotates forward, and the engine starts to run. After the engine is started, the engine auxiliary control switch should return to the ignition position. At this time, all clutches are separated and the brakes are not applied. At this time, the engine can be inspected or debugged.

When (6) charging, the charging interface can be connected to an external 220V AC power to charge the power battery.

In summary, the present invention has a first planetary row and a second planetary row of a single-stage planetary gear structure, which construct power transmission under different working conditions between the engine, the first motor and the second motor. Moreover, the first ring gear of the first planetary row and the first sun gear are connected through the second clutch, so that when necessary, the first ring gear and the first sun gear are connected as a whole. Each specially configured clutch and brake on the planetary row ensures smooth switching between different working conditions and stable operation under the same working condition. Through the connection method between each component and the switching method under different working conditions, this system has the advantages of energy saving and environmental protection. Although this system has a simple structure and does not have a separate transmission, it can realize the function of continuously variable speed. The engine control unit and the hybrid control unit can cooperate and work in coordination to achieve the best optimization of the working mode.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions and modifications can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the invention, and they still fall within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A dual planetary oil-electric hybrid vehicle transmission system, which is characterized by including: The first planetary row has a first ring gear connected to the output shaft of the engine through a first clutch, a first sun gear connected to the output shaft of the first motor, and the first ring gear is connected to the first through a second clutch. The sun gear is connected, its first planet carrier is connected to one end of the second planet carrier of the second planet row through a third clutch, the first brake is connected to the first ring gear, and the second brake is connected to the first sun gear , the first planet row is a single-stage planetary gear mechanism; The second planetary row has the other end of the second planetary carrier connected to the wheel, the second sun gear of the second planetary row is connected to the output shaft of the second motor, and the second ring gear of the second planetary row is connected to the third brake. The second planetary row is a single stage planetary gear mechanism; The first motor and the second motor are respectively connected to a frequency converter and a hybrid power control unit, and the frequency converter is also connected to the hybrid power control unit and a power battery respectively; An engine is connected to the hybrid control unit through an engine control unit. 2. A dual planetary oil-electric hybrid vehicle transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first signal output end of the hybrid control unit is electrically connected to the engine control unit; The second signal output terminal is electrically connected to the frequency converter; the third signal output terminal is electrically connected to the first clutch; the fourth signal output terminal is electrically connected to the second clutch; and the fifth signal output terminal is electrically connected to the second clutch. Connected to the third clutch; its sixth signal output terminal is electrically connected to the first brake; its seventh signal output terminal is electrically connected to the second brake; and its eighth signal output terminal is electrically connected to the Three brakes. 3. A dual planetary oil-electric hybrid vehicle transmission system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it also includes an auxiliary battery, the first output end of which is connected to the engine control unit through an engine auxiliary control switch. The second output end is connected to the hybrid control unit through the ignition switch, and the third output end is connected to the frequency converter. 4. A dual planetary oil-electric hybrid vehicle transmission system according to claim 3, characterized in that the power battery is connected to the auxiliary battery through a DC/DC converter. 5. A dual planetary oil-electric hybrid vehicle transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that both the first motor and the second motor are permanent magnet brushless DC motors.