CN109641321A - Manufacturing method, laser weld joint and the automobile skeleton part of laser weld joint - Google Patents
Manufacturing method, laser weld joint and the automobile skeleton part of laser weld joint Download PDFInfo
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- CN109641321A CN109641321A CN201780050173.6A CN201780050173A CN109641321A CN 109641321 A CN109641321 A CN 109641321A CN 201780050173 A CN201780050173 A CN 201780050173A CN 109641321 A CN109641321 A CN 109641321A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
- B23K26/244—Overlap seam welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
- B62D25/04—Door pillars ; windshield pillars
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
Abstract
提供一种抑制焊道终端部的破裂的产生且外观优异的激光焊接接头的制造方法。一种激光焊接接头的制造方法，通过在使两张钢板以所述两张钢板之间具有间隙的方式上下重叠的状态下进行激光焊接而得到激光焊接接头，其中，将上侧的钢板的板厚设为t1，将下侧的钢板的板厚设为t2，将上侧的钢板与下侧的钢板之间的间隙的宽度设为a，将从焊道始端至焊道全长的1/5附近形成焊道的工序设为初期焊接，将接着初期焊接而直至焊道全长的4/5附近形成焊道的工序设为正式焊接，将接着正式焊接而直至焊道终端形成焊道的工序设为终期焊接，将初期焊接和正式焊接中的激光输出设为P，将终期焊接中的激光输出设为Pf，此时，满足式(1)。0.8((t1+t2)/(K+t1+t2))P<Pf<((t1+t2)/(K+t1+t2))P(1)(a为0.5t1和0.5t2中的小的一方以下，K＝(t2/t1)a)。
Provided is a method of manufacturing a laser welded joint excellent in appearance while suppressing the occurrence of cracks in the end portion of the weld bead. A method of manufacturing a laser-welded joint in which a laser-welded joint is obtained by performing laser welding in a state in which two steel plates are overlapped up and down with a gap therebetween, wherein a plate of an upper steel plate is The thickness is t 1 , the thickness of the lower steel plate is t 2 , the width of the gap between the upper steel plate and the lower steel plate is a, and the width from the start of the bead to the full length of the bead is a. The process of forming the weld bead near 1/5 is called initial welding, the process of forming the weld bead up to about 4/5 of the total length of the bead after the initial welding is called the main welding, and the next main welding is to form the weld to the end of the bead. The process of the pass is assumed to be final welding, the laser output in the initial welding and the final welding is assumed to be P, and the laser output in the final welding is assumed to be P f . At this time, equation (1) is satisfied. 0.8((t 1 +t 2 )/(K+t 1 +t 2 ))P<P f <((t 1 +t 2 )/(K+t 1 +t 2 ))P(1)(a It is not more than the smaller of 0.5t 1 and 0.5t 2 , and K=(t 2 /t 1 )a).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacturing method of laser weld joint, laser weld joint and automobile skeleton parts.
Background technique
In the past, resistance spot welding is used in the welding of the structural elements of automobile.However, when there is welding cost in resistance spot welding
Between such problems, due to shunting and can not constriction spacing such problems, and then exist the sky as caused by the welding gun of bonding machine
Restriction such problems of intersexuality.Therefore, in recent years, other than previous spot welding, the table to the steel plate of overlapping has also been carried out
Surface irradiation laser beam and by steel plate engagement laser welding discussion.In laser welding, irradiated to the surface of the steel plate of overlapping
Laser beam and make steel plate laser beam irradiated site melt and solidification, be consequently formed welding bead and by steel plate engagement obtain Laser Welding
Connector.However, when rupturing generation, appearance is deteriorated there are rupture such problems is generated in the terminal side of welding bead.As
It is required that the structural elements of the automobile of the case where excellent appearance, the laser weld joint that appearance is deteriorated due to the rupture is difficult to make
With.Moreover, there is also the peel strengths of laser weld joint to reduce such problems when rupturing generation.
In welding bead terminal side generation rupture such problems, there are become in the case where gap between the steel plate of overlapping for this
It is particularly significant.It, there are the method for carrying out laser welding in the state of gap, is disclosed as between the steel plate of such overlapping
Various technologies (for example, referring to patent document 1 and patent document 2).
The method of patent document 1 is the method welded from the small side in the gap of plate and plate towards a big side, is deposited
Special clamping tool is being needed, and is being only capable of carrying out welding such problems to pre-determined path of welding.Moreover, about
Appearance is not discussed.
In addition, the method for patent document 2, which is that end is remelted always by making to make and sealing wire is overlapping welding, improves weldering
The method for connecing appearance, but there is welding and spend time such problems and be difficult with.
It should be noted that it is such welding bead terminal part lead to the problem of rupture and appearance variation be not limited to automobile
Structural elements, similarly exist in the laser weld joint that other purposes use.
Citation
Patent document
Patent document 1: Japanese Patent No. 5125001
Patent document 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2013-215755 bulletin
Summary of the invention
Subject to be solved by the invention
The present invention makes in view of the foregoing, can inhibit rupture at welding bead terminal part its purpose is to provide a kind of
Manufacturing method, laser weld joint and the automobile skeleton part of generation and the laser weld joint of excellent appearance.
Solution for solving the problem
As described above, especially there are in the laser welding of the steel plate in gap between the steel plate of overlapping, in solder terminal
Portion's (welding bead terminal part) is easy to produce rupture or defect.The present inventors are discussed in order to solve the above problems.It is tied
Fruit is to have obtained opinion below.
At the end of welding, the generation of the rupture at welding bead terminal part in order to prevent, it is necessary to reduce heat input.As subtracting
The method of few heat input, it is contemplated that the method for reducing the method for the laser output at the end of welding and improving speed of welding.So
And the method for improving speed of welding is contemplated that the increase of sputtering yield.Therefore, the laser being conceived at the end of reducing welding is defeated
Method out and the generation for having discussed the rupture at welding bead terminal part prevent.In turn, there are gaps between the steel plate of overlapping
In the case of, it will increase the laser output of gap value (plate gap amount) when stablizing, therefore need to reduce gap value (plate at the end of welding
Gap amount) laser output.
Situation more than considering as a result, the present inventors are realised that through the plate thickness that controls two steel plates, two
Size, laser output and their relationship in the gap between steel plate, that is, by meeting following formula (1), be able to suppress welding bead
The generation of rupture at terminal side, and complete the present invention.
0.8((t1+t2)/(K+t1+t2))P<Pf<((t1+t2)/(K+t1+t2))P(1)
Wherein, a 0.5t1And 0.5t2In a small side hereinafter, K=(t2/t1) a (unit: mm).Moreover, by upside
The plate thickness of steel plate be set as t1(mm), the plate thickness of the steel plate of downside is set as t2(mm), by the steel plate of upside and the steel plate of downside it
Between gap be sized to a (mm), the laser output in initial stage welding and formal welding is set as P (kW), final period is welded
In laser output be set as Pf(kW)。
By meeting above-mentioned formula (1), reduces puddle in advance at the end of welding, lacked in solidification with not generating welding
Sunken mode stablizes fusing department.As a result, preventing the generation of the rupture at welding bead terminal part.
In addition, in welding top portion (welding bead top portion), the case where attenuating there are weld width.When welding beginning, it is
Surface of steel plate is set to melt and must increase heat input.That is, needing energy to melt surface of steel plate, therefore weld not
Stablize.As a result, it is known that the weld width of welding bead top portion attenuates.As the method for increasing heat input, it is contemplated that increase
The method of laser output when welding starts and the method for reducing speed of welding.However, the method for increasing laser output is contemplated that
Sputter the increase of yield.Therefore, it is conceived to the method for reducing speed of welding when welding starts, having discussed prevents welding bead beginning
The case where weld width in portion attenuates.Furthermore, it is also desirable to consider that there are energy losses when gap between the steel plate of overlapping.
Consider above situation as a result, the present inventors are realised that plate thickness, two steel by controlling two steel plates
Size, speed of welding and their relationship in the gap between plate, that is, by meeting following formula (2), be able to suppress the welding bead beginning
The case where weld width of end attenuates.
0.75((t1+t2)/(K+t1+t2))v<vi<((t1+t2)/(K+t1+t2))v (2)
Wherein, a 0.5t1And 0.5t2In a small side hereinafter, K=(t2/t1)a.Moreover, by the plate of the steel plate of upside
Thickness is set as t1(mm), the plate thickness of the steel plate of downside is set as t2(mm), by the gap between the steel plate of upside and the steel plate of downside
Be sized to a (mm), the speed of welding in formal welding and final welding be set as v (m/min), by initial stage weld in welding
Speed is set as vi(m/min)。
By meeting above-mentioned formula (2), fusion pool is stable after rigid welding.As a result, being able to suppress welding bead
The case where weld width of top portion attenuates.
It is completed the present invention is based on above-mentioned opinion, purport is as described below.
[1] a kind of manufacturing method of laser weld joint fetches to obtain the laser for engaging two steel plates by Laser Welding
Welding point, the laser welding are to weld as follows: make two steel plates by between two steel plates have gap in a manner of
Surface of steel plate to the upper side irradiates laser beam in the state of overlapping up and down, the position melting and solidification for having made laser beam illuminated and
It forming welding bead and engages two steel plates, the manufacturing method of the laser weld joint is characterized in that,
The plate thickness of the steel plate of upside is set as t1(mm), the plate thickness of the steel plate of downside is set as t2(mm), by the steel plate of upside
Gap between the steel plate of downside is sized to a (mm),
The process for being formed about welding bead to the 1/5 of welding bead overall length from welding bead beginning is set as initial stage welding, it will then this be first
Phase welding and until 4/5 process for being formed about welding bead of welding bead overall length is set as formally welding, will then the formal welding and it is straight
The process for forming welding bead to welding bead terminal is set as final welding,
By the initial stage weld and the formal welding in laser output be set as P (kW), will be in the final welding
Laser output is set as Pf(kW), at this point,
Meet following formula (1).
0.8((t1+t2)/(K+t1+t2))P<Pf<((t1+t2)/(K+t1+t2))P(1)
Wherein, a 0.5t1And 0.5t2In a small side hereinafter, K=(t2/t1) a (unit: mm).
[2] manufacturing method for the laser weld joint recorded according to [1], which is characterized in that
Speed of welding in the formal welding and the final welding is set as v (m/min), will be in initial stage welding
Speed of welding be vi(m/min) when,
Meet following formula (2).
0.75((t1+t2)/(K+t1+t2))v<vi<((t1+t2)/(K+t1+t2))v(2)
Wherein, a 0.5t1And 0.5t2In a small side hereinafter, K=(t2/t1)a。
[3] a kind of laser weld joint is made of two steel plates, which is characterized in that
There is gap between two steel plates,
The size in the gap is the 10%~50% of the plate thickness of the thin side in two steel plates,
It, will be from welding bead beginning to welding bead overall length in the welding bead that the surface of steel plate of the upside in two steel plates is formed
1/5 position, that is, 1/5 near sites of welding bead beginning and position, that is, welding bead terminal 1/5 from welding bead terminal to the 1/5 of welding bead overall length
Welding bead main body is set as between near sites,
1/10 position from welding bead terminal to welding bead overall length is set as 1/10 position of welding bead terminal,
The weld width of welding bead main body is set as W, the weld width at 1/10 position of welding bead terminal is set as Wf, at this point,
Meet following formula (3).
0.80≤Wf/W≤1.20 (3)
[4] laser weld joint recorded according to [3], which is characterized in that
1/10 position from welding bead beginning to welding bead overall length is set as 1/10 position of welding bead beginning,
Weld width at 1/10 position of welding bead beginning is set as Wi, at this point,
Meet following formula (4).
0.80≤Wi/W≤1.20 (4)
[5] a kind of automobile skeleton part, which is characterized in that the automobile skeleton part has laser weld joint,
The laser weld joint is the laser weld joint that [3] or [4] are recorded, and two steel plates are that tensile strength is respectively
The high-strength steel sheet of 980MPa or more.
[6] the automobile skeleton part recorded according to [5], which is characterized in that
Two steel plates are respectively provided with following at being grouped as: in terms of quality %, containing having more than 0.07% and 0.25%
C below, less than 0.03% P+S, 1.8% or more and 3.0% Mn below, Si below more than 1.2% and 1.8%, and
Containing at least one party in following A group and following B groups, rest part is made of Fe and inevitable impurity, two steel
The respective plate thickness of plate is 1.0mm or more and 2.0mm or less.
A group: in 0.005% or more and 0.01% Ti below and 0.005% Nb more than and less than 0.050% at least
One side
B group: at least one selected from 1.0% Cr below, 0.50% Mo below and 0.10% B below
Invention effect
According to the present invention, at the welding bead terminal side for inhibiting the laser welding for two steel plates being overlapped in a manner of with gap
Rupture generation, therefore the laser weld joint of excellent appearance can be produced.Moreover, because inhibit the generation of rupture, because
This can produce the laser weld joint that peel strength is high and safety is excellent.Also, it is not necessary to make as described in Patent Document 2
End is remelted always for welding bead, therefore can produce laser weld joint in a short time.
Furthermore it is possible to keep weld width whole and uniform throughout welding bead, the superior laser welding of appearance can be produced
Connector.
In addition, laser weld joint of the invention can be used in the structure of automobile due to excellent appearance well
Component, such as be capable of forming by using high-strength steel sheet as automobile skeleton part as the steel plate engaged.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the perspective view and enlarged view of the main part for the appearance for indicating laser weld joint of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view Amplified image of laser weld joint of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view for indicating the welding bead formed on the surface of the steel plate of the upside of laser weld joint of the invention
Figure.
Fig. 4 is the perspective view for indicating to be formed with the appearance of the laser weld joint of the invention of welding bead of C-shaped.
Fig. 5 is the perspective view for indicating to be formed with the appearance of the laser weld joint of the invention of welding bead of S shape.
Fig. 6 is the perspective view for indicating the test film of Examples and Comparative Examples.
Specific embodiment
The manufacturing method of laser weld joint of the invention fetches to obtain the laser for engaging two steel plates by Laser Welding
Welding point, the laser welding are to weld as follows: make two steel plates by between two steel plates have gap in a manner of
Surface of steel plate to the upper side irradiates laser beam in the state of overlapping up and down, the position melting and solidification for having made laser beam illuminated and
It forms welding bead and engages two steel plates.And, which is characterized in that the plate thickness of the steel plate of upside is set as t1(mm), by downside
The plate thickness of steel plate be set as t2(mm), the gap between the steel plate of upside and the steel plate of downside is sized to a (mm), it will be from
The process that welding bead beginning is formed about welding bead to the 1/5 of welding bead overall length be set as initial stage welding, will then the initial stage welding and until
The process that the 4/5 of welding bead overall length is formed about welding bead is set as formally welding, will then the formal welding and until welding bead terminal shape
It is set as final welding at the process of welding bead, the laser output in initial stage welding and formal welding is set as P (kW), final period is welded
In laser output be set as Pf(kW), at this point, meeting following formula (1).
0.8((t1+t2)/(K+t1+t2))P<Pf<((t1+t2)/(K+t1+t2))P(1)
Wherein, a 0.5t1And 0.5t2In a small side hereinafter, K=(t2/t1) a (unit: mm).
In the manufacturing method of such laser weld joint 1 of the invention, hereinafter, used as an example of the invention
FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 is described in detail.Fig. 1 (a) is this hair for indicating to manufacture using the manufacturing method of laser weld joint of the invention
The perspective view of the appearance of bright laser weld joint, Fig. 1 (b) are the enlarged view of the main part of Fig. 1 (a).Fig. 2 is to utilize the present invention
Laser weld joint manufacturing method manufacture laser weld joint cutaway view Amplified image.Fig. 3 is to indicate utilizing the present invention
Laser weld joint manufacturing method manufacture laser weld joint upside steel plate surface on the welding bead that is formed bow
View.
In the manufacturing method of laser weld joint of the invention, firstly, as two steel plates, such as shown in Fig. 1 (a),
The steel plate (cap portion upper plate) 4 and steel plate (cap subordinate plate) 5 for making hat shaped are weighed up and down in a manner of having gap between them
It is folded.
Carrying out the object of laser welding in the present invention is steel plate (steel plate 4, steel plate 5).The type of steel plate 4 and steel plate 5 does not have
It is particularly limited to, it is preferred that the high-strength steel sheet that such as tensile strength is 980MPa or more.The high strength steel of 980MPa or more
Plate is easy to produce rupture since the amount of carbon etc. is relatively high, in welding bead terminal side.However, in laser weld joint of the invention
Manufacturing method in be able to suppress welding bead terminal side rupture generation, can produce can also press down even with high-strength steel sheet
The generation of system rupture and the laser weld joint with excellent appearance.Be formed as in this way such as tensile strength 980MPa with
On high-strength steel sheet laser weld joint, can be used well as the automobile frame member of desired strength.
Steel plate 4 and steel plate 5 are not particularly limited at being grouped as, for example, can have following at being grouped as: with matter
Measure % meter, containing have more than 0.07% and 0.25% C below, less than 0.03% P+S, 1.8% or more and 3.0% below
Mn, Si below more than 1.2% and 1.8%, and containing at least one party in following A group and following B groups, rest part by Fe and
Inevitable impurity is constituted.Hereinafter, respectively referring to quality % at the % in being grouped as.
A group: in 0.005% or more and 0.01% Ti below and 0.005% Nb more than and less than 0.050% at least
One side
B group: at least one selected from 1.0% Cr below, 0.50% Mo below and 0.10% B below
(C: more than 0.07% and 0.25% or less)
When C content is more than 0.07%, the effect of precipitation strength will not be cannot get.On the other hand, when C content is 0.25%
When following, the precipitation of coarse carbide not will lead to, it can be ensured that desired high-intensitive, processability.Therefore, C content is excellent
Choosing is more than 0.07% and is 0.25% or less.
(P+S: less than 0.03%)
When the total amount (P+S) of P content and S content is less than 0.03%, ductility and toughness will not decline, it can be ensured that
Desired high-intensitive, processability.Therefore, the total amount (P+S) of P content and S content is preferably smaller than 0.03%.
(Mn:1.8% or more and 3.0% or less)
When Mn content is 1.8% or more, it can be ensured that coarse carbide will not be precipitated in sufficient hardenability.It is another
Aspect, when Mn content is 3.0% or less, embrittlement of grain boundaries sensitivity increases and toughness, low temperature resistant disruptiveness will not deteriorate.Cause
This, Mn content is preferably 1.8% or more and 3.0% or less.Mn content is more preferably 2.5% or less.
(Si: more than 1.2% and 1.8% or less)
When Si content is more than 1.2%, it can be fully dissolved and make the increased effect of the intensity of steel.On the other hand,
When Si content is 1.8% or less, the hardening of welding heat affected zone will not become larger, the toughness of welding heat affected zone, low temperature resistant broken
Fragility will not deteriorate.Therefore, Si content is preferably more than 1.2% and 1.8% or less.Si content is more preferably 1.5% or less.
(A group: in 0.005% or more and 0.010% Ti below and 0.005% Nb more than and less than 0.050% extremely
A few side)
Ti, Nb are precipitated as carbide or nitride, have the coarsening effect for inhibiting the austenite in annealing.Cause
This, preferably comprises at least one kind of in these elements.The effect, Ti contain 0.005% or more, Nb and contain 0.005% in order to obtain
More than.However, since the effect that above-mentioned effect generates is saturated and can become uneconomical even if exceedingly containing.Moreover, and
And recrystallization temperature when annealing rises, the metal structure after annealing becomes unevenly, to put side property and be also damaged.In addition, carbide
Or the amount of precipitation of nitride increases, yield ratio rises, and shape freezing also deteriorates.Therefore, Ti content is 0.010% hereinafter, Nb
Content is less than 0.050%.Ti content is preferably smaller than 0.008%, Nb content and is preferably smaller than 0.040%.
(B group: at least one selected from 1.0% Cr below, 0.50% Mo below and 0.10% B below)
Cr, Mo and B are the elements improve with the hardenability of steel.Accordingly it is also possible to a kind containing these elements
It is more than class.Even if can become uneconomical however, exceedingly containing these elements due to above-mentioned effect saturation.Therefore, containing
In the case where having these elements, Cr content is 1.0% hereinafter, Mo content is 0.50% hereinafter, B content is 0.10% or less.Cr
Content is preferably 0.50% hereinafter, Mo content is preferably 0.10% hereinafter, B content is preferably 0.030% or less.Cr content is preferred
It is preferably 0.004% or more for 0.01% or more, Mo content, B content is preferably 0.0001% or more.
(rest part is Fe and inevitable impurity)
Rest part other than mentioned component composition is Fe and inevitable impurity.It, can as inevitable impurity
Enumerate 0.015~0.050% Al, 0.002~0.005% N etc..
The plate thickness as two steel plates of the object for carrying out laser welding is not particularly limited in the present invention, it is preferred that
In range for such as 1.0mm or more and 2.0mm or less.More preferably 1.2mm or more and 1.8mm or less.Plate thickness is the range
Interior steel plate can use well as automobile frame member.Specifically, it is preferable that the plate thickness t of the steel plate 4 of upside1It is full
Sufficient 1.0mm≤t1≤ 2.0mm, the plate thickness t of the steel plate 4 of downside2Meet 1.0mm≤t2≤2.0mm.The steel plate 4 of more preferable upside
Plate thickness t1Meet 1.2mm≤t1≤ 1.8mm, the plate thickness t of the steel plate 4 of downside2Meet 1.2mm≤t2≤1.8mm。
It should be noted that two steel plates 4 and steel plate 5 may be the same or different, steel plate 4 and steel plate 5 be can be together
The steel plate of type and similar shape is also possible to variety classes, steel plate of different shapes.
Also, in the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2, there are gap A between the steel plate 4 before laser welding and steel plate 5.
The size of gap A between steel plate 4 before laser welding and steel plate 5 is a (mm), that is, between steel plate 4 and steel plate 5
The size on the plate thickness direction of steel plate of gap A need to meet 0.5t1And 0.5t2In a small side below.In other words,
Plate thickness t of the size a of gap A between steel plate 4 before laser welding and steel plate 5 in the steel plate 4 of upside1Than the steel plate 5 of downside
Plate thickness t2Meet a≤0.5t in the case where small1, in the plate thickness t of the steel plate 5 of downside2Than the plate thickness t of the steel plate 4 of upside1Small
In the case of meet a≤0.5t2, in t1=t2In the case where meet a≤0.5t1=0.5t2.When the size a of gap A is outside the range
When, generate rupture.As long as the size a of gap A is to be not particularly limited in above range, it is preferred that being such as 0.1mm
Above and 0.9mm or less.This is because use for example as the raw material of automobile skeleton part and it is preferable to use plate thickness
1.0mm or more and 2.0mm steel plate below simultaneously manufacture laser welding using the manufacturing method of laser weld joint of the invention
When connector, if the size a of gap A is greater than 0.9mm, in welding in the presence of there is a situation where burn.It should be noted that swashing
The size a of gap A between steel plate 4 before photocoagulation and steel plate 5 (makes the surface of steel plate 4 to the upper side in laser welding direction
The direction that the laser beam of irradiation moves on 4 surface of steel plate of upside) on uniformly, will vacate gap A and the steel plate 4 that is overlapped and
Steel plate 5, which is fixed and maintained using limitation tool etc., carries out laser welding in the state of the A of gap.
When carrying out laser welding in the state of overlapping up and down in this way, if there are gap A between two steel plates 4,5,
Then rupture is easy to produce in the terminal side of the welding bead 7 of obtained laser weld joint.Feelings especially big in the size a of gap A
Under condition, the rupture of welding bead terminal side is easy to produce.However, in the present invention, due to fetching system using the Laser Welding for meeting formula (1)
Laser weld joint is made, therefore shown in embodiment as be described hereinafter, the laser weld joint of the generation for the rupture that can be inhibited.
It should be noted that the size in the gap between steel plate 4 and steel plate 5 of the laser weld joint as obtained from laser welding
(size on the plate thickness direction of steel plate) is narrower than the size a of the gap A between the steel plate 4 before laser welding and steel plate 5, passes through this
The laser weld joint of the invention that the manufacturing method of the laser weld joint of invention obtains between steel plate 4 and steel plate 5
Gap be such as two steel plates in a thin side plate thickness 10%~50%, specifically, such as 0.1mm or more and
0.9mm or less.
In this way, in the state for being overlapped two steel plates 4 and steel plate 5 in a manner of there is gap A between two steel plates
Under, it is engaged using laser welding.Specifically, laser beam is irradiated on the surface of the steel plate 4 of the upside into the steel plate of overlapping
3, and make laser beam 3 relative in the state of overlapping steel plate 4 and steel plate 5 relatively move.As a result, in steel plate 4 and steel plate 5
The position irradiated by laser beam 3 melts and forms fusing department, and then fusing department solidifies and forms welding bead (sealing wire) 7.
In the present invention, which meets above-mentioned formula (1).Specifically, as shown in figure 3, will begin from welding bead
The process that end X is formed about welding bead to the 1/5 of welding bead overall length is set as initial stage welding Si, will then initial stage weld SiAnd until welding bead
The process that the 4/5 of overall length is formed about welding bead is set as formally welding S, then will formally weld S and until welding bead terminal Y shape is at weldering
The process in road is set as final welding Sf, S will be welded at initial stageiAnd the laser output in formal welding S is set as P (kW), at this point, final
Weld SfIn laser export Pf(kW) meet above-mentioned formula (1).The 1/5 of welding bead overall length is nearby that 1/5 ± welding bead of welding bead overall length is complete
In the range of long 3/40, that is, in the range of from the 5/40 of welding bead overall length to the 11/40 of welding bead overall length.Moreover, welding bead overall length
4/5 nearby be welding bead overall length 4/5 ± welding bead overall length 3/40 in the range of, that is, from welding bead overall length 29/40 to welding bead overall length
In the range of 35/40.In figure 3 it is shown that nearby the 1/5 of welding bead overall length is set as the 1/5 of welding bead overall length, moreover, welding bead is complete
Long 4/5 is nearby set as 4/5 example of welding bead overall length.
Welding bead overall length is slave welding bead beginning on the direction that laser beam 3 moves on the surface of the steel plate 4 of upside to terminal
Length.In linear welding bead 7 for example as shown in Figure 3, welding bead overall length is between welding bead beginning X and welding bead terminal Y
Linear distance, be the length of the length direction of welding bead 7.Moreover, the case where welding bead 7a of C-shape shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5 institute
In the case where the welding bead 7b of the S-shaped shape shown, welding bead overall length is on the track of the laser beam 3 on the surface of the steel plate 4 of upside from weldering
Road beginning to welding bead terminal length.
In this way, by meeting formula (1), that is, welding is made to terminate welding (the final period welding S of neighbouring particular rangef) swash
Light output PfRelative to welding before this, (initial stage welds SiAnd formally weld S) laser output P be specific range in
Value, is able to suppress the generation of the rupture of welding bead terminal side.Here, utilizing final welding SfIt is being formed, from away from welding bead beginning X be
4/5 position of welding bead overall length is nearby to the terminal Y of welding bead, that is, as 1/5 position from welding bead terminal Y to welding bead overall length
1/5 near sites of welding bead terminal welding bead 7 on be easy to be concentrated with the rupture due to generating there are gap A, but due to right
It is welded using the condition for meeting above-mentioned formula (1) at the position that the rupture is easy to produce, it is thus possible to inhibit the generation of rupture.It needs
It is noted that in the case that the welding sequence for meeting above-mentioned formula (1) is short near away from 1/5 of welding bead terminal Y than welding bead overall length,
The effect of the generation of rupture is inhibited to reduce compared with the present invention, moreover, can generate weld width broadens or generate rupture in this way
Unfavorable condition.On the other hand, in the case where long near away from 1/5 of welding bead terminal Y than welding bead overall length, weld width can be generated
Constriction and strength of welded joint reduce such unfavorable condition.
In addition, when meeting formula (1), the generation of rupture can be inhibited, therefore become that peel strength is high and safety is excellent
Laser weld joint.
In addition, weld width can be made uniform by being welded with above-mentioned condition.For example, will be from welding bead beginning X to weldering
The position of the 1/5 of road overall length, that is, 1/5 near sites of welding bead beginning are welded with from welding bead terminal Y to 1/5 position of welding bead overall length
Be set as welding bead main body B between 1/5 near sites of road terminal, the weld width of welding bead main body B be set as W, will from welding bead terminal Y to
1/10 position of welding bead overall length is set as 1/10 position B of welding bead terminalf, by 1/10 position B of welding bead terminalfThe weld width at place is set
For Wf, at this point, can satisfy following formula (3).It should be noted that welding bead main body B is the welding bead formed using formal welding S,
It carries out stable welding and is formed, therefore rupture will not be generated and weld width W is uniform.
In addition, as described above, from welding bead beginning X to the 1/5 of welding bead overall length position, that is, 1/5 near sites of welding bead beginning
In the range of being 1/5 position i.e. the 3/40 of 1/5 position of welding bead beginning ± welding bead overall length from welding bead beginning X to welding bead overall length,
That is, from welding bead beginning X to 5/40 position of welding bead overall length~from welding bead beginning X to the model of 11/40 position of welding bead overall length
In enclosing.Moreover, position, that is, 1/5 near sites of welding bead terminal from welding bead terminal Y to the 1/5 of welding bead overall length are from welding bead terminal Y
To 1/5 position of welding bead overall length, that is, 1/5 position of welding bead terminal ± welding bead overall length 3/40, that is, from welding bead terminal Y
To 5/40 position of welding bead overall length~in the range of from welding bead terminal Y to 11/40 position of welding bead overall length.
0.80≤Wf/W≤1.20 (3)
On the other hand, it in the case where the formula that is unsatisfactory for (1), in welding bead terminal side, generates rupture or weld width is thicker
Or attenuate.
The laser beam 3 of irradiation is not particularly limited, and can be used such as fibre laser, disc type laser.Laser beam can be with
Being set as such as beam diameter is 0.2~1.0mm, and focal position is the top that surface~surface away from steel plate 4 of steel plate 4 is 30mm.
In order to improve heat input efficiency, focal position is preferably set as to the surface of steel plate 4.
Initial stage welds SiAnd the laser output P in formal welding S is such as 2.0kW or more and 5.0kW hereinafter, preferably
3.0kW or more and 4.0kW or less.When laser output P is 2.0kW or more, laser output will not be too low, therefore is able to carry out and passes through
Logical welding.On the other hand, when laser output P is 5.0kW or less, laser output is not too high, therefore melting gold will not occur
Category disperses as sputtering and the case where weld part generates lack of fill.It should be noted that initial stage welds SiAnd formal weldering
The laser output P connect in S is 2.0kW or more and 5.0kW or less and PfWhen meeting formula (1), although also relying on other sharp
Photocoagulation condition, but welding bead 7 will not be formed by completely and be not penetrated steel plate 4 or the burn-through such problems of welding bead 7.
Formal welding S and final welding SfIn speed of welding v be such as 1.0m/min or more and 4.0m/min hereinafter, excellent
It is selected as 2.0m/min or more and 3.0m/min or less.When speed of welding v is 1.0m/min or more, speed of welding will not be excessively slow,
Therefore the case where being burnt there is no steel plate and becoming defect.On the other hand, when v is set as 4.0m/min or less, speed of welding
Will not be too fast, therefore become unstable situation there is no fusion pool.
Initial stage welds SiIn speed of welding vi(m/min) it is not particularly limited, such as can also be with formal welding S and end
Phase welds SfIn speed of welding v it is identical, but initial stage weld S1In speed of welding viPreferably satisfy following formula (2).
0.75((t1+t2)/(K+t1+t2))v<vi<((t1+t2)/(K+t1+t2))v (2)
Wherein, a 0.5t1And 0.5t2In a small side hereinafter, K=(t2/t1)a。
(S is welded by initial stage in welding bead beginning side1The welding bead of formation) weld width exist than the weldering that is formed by formally welding S
The tendency that the weld width of road main body B attenuates is difficult to obtain throughout the whole knot with uniform weld width of welding bead 7 in the past
Structure.However, in the present invention, by meeting above-mentioned formula (2), that is, welding is started to welding (the initial stage weldering of neighbouring particular range
Meet Si) speed of welding viRelative to welding (formal welding S and the final welding S after itf) speed of welding v be set as specific
In the range of value, be able to suppress the phenomenon that welding bead beginning side and weld width attenuate.From welding bead beginning X to welding bead overall length
1/5 near welding bead 7 at due to there are gap A and weld width is easy to attenuate than welding bead main body B, but by the welding bead
Width is easy the position to attenuate to meet the condition of above-mentioned formula (2) and be welded, be capable of forming for welding bead main body B same degree
Weld width, weld width can be made integrally to become uniform throughout welding bead.It should be noted that meeting the weldering of above-mentioned formula (2)
Process is connect in the situation shorter than near from welding bead beginning X to 1/5 position of welding bead overall length or more complete than from welding bead beginning X to welding bead
1/5 long position nearby in the case where length, compared with the case where meeting above-mentioned formula (2), subtracts the uniform effect of weld width
It is small.
By meeting above-mentioned formula (2), for example, 1/10 position from welding bead beginning X to welding bead overall length is set as welding bead
1/10 position B of beginningi, by 1/10 position B of welding bead beginningiThe weld width at place is set as WiWhen, it can satisfy following formula (4).Such as
By meeting formula (3) and formula (4) simultaneously, becomes and the welding bead of even width whole throughout welding bead, excellent appearance can be produced
Laser weld joint.
0.80≤Wi/W≤1.20 (4)
On the other hand, in the case where the formula that is unsatisfactory for (2), in welding bead beginning side, welding bead attenuates or thicker.
It should be noted that in the case where laser weld joint is formed with multiple welding beads, shape in preferably all of welding bead
Meet formula (1) or formula (2) at the welding condition of welding bead.Also, it is preferred that the whole welderings formed in obtained laser weld joint
Road meets formula (3) or formula (4).
Above-mentioned laser weld joint can be used as the use of automobile skeleton part.That is, automobile skeleton part of the invention
It is the aforementioned present invention for having used tensile strength respectively for the high-tensile steel of 980MPa or more as two steel plates 4 and steel plate 5
Laser weld joint.Moreover, it is preferable to use if lower steel plate is as two steel plates 4 and steel for automobile skeleton part of the invention
Plate 5, the steel plate have as follows at being grouped as: in terms of quality % and containing having more than 0.07% and 0.25% C below, be less than
0.03% P+S, 1.8% or more and 3.0% Mn below, Si below more than 1.2% and 1.8%, containing above-mentioned A group and on
State at least one party in B group, and rest part is made of Fe and inevitable impurity, the plate thickness of the steel plate be 1.0mm with
Upper and 2.0mm or less (more preferably 1.2mm or more and 1.8mm or less).Such automobile skeleton part of the invention is height
Intensity and excellent appearance, therefore center pillar can be suitable for.In center pillar, it is ensured that the case where peel strength is most important, is applicable in
The center pillar of automobile skeleton part of the invention has sufficient peel strength.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, be further understood from and be illustrated using embodiment in order to of the invention, but embodiment is not to this
Invention carries out any restriction.
(example of the present invention and comparative example)
As the steel plate for carrying out laser welding, steel grade I (tensile strength 983MPa, at being grouped as with quality % has been used
It is calculated as 0.13% C, 1.40% Si, 2.2% Mn, 0.015% P, 0.002% S, 0.005% Ti, 0.021%
Cr, 0.004% Mo, 0.0002% B) or steel grade II (tensile strength 1184MPa is calculated as at being grouped as with quality %
0.13% C, 1.40% Si, 2.2% Mn, 0.012% P, 0.001% S, 0.005% Ti, 0.017% Cr,
0.004% Mo, 0.0003% B) and plate thickness be 1.6mm or 1.8mm and steel plate that width is 50mm.It should be noted that
Tensile strength is to manufacture JIS5 tension test sheet from each steel plate along the direction parallel with rolling direction, in accordance with JIS Z
The regulation of 2241:2011 implements tension test and the tensile strength that finds out.
The steel plate is implemented to be formed as the bending machining of the cross sectional shape of L word and manufactured the steel plate 4 with flange part.It will
Fig. 6 institute of the steel plate 5 of identical steel grade/identical plate thickness L word such as the perspective view as the test film for indicating Examples and Comparative Examples
After showing that the state being overlapped to vacate gap A is fixed on limitation tool, the lap of flange is swashed along its length
Photocoagulation will limit tool ejector after laser welding, manufacture test film width 50mm, cross wall length 120mm, flange width
The test film (laser weld joint) of the L word of 30mm.
At this point, about Laser Welding Condition, it will be between the steel plate 4 before laser welding and the lap of the flange of steel plate 5
The size a of gap A, formal welding S and final welding SfSpeed of welding v, initial stage weld SiAnd the formal laser output P for welding S,
Initial stage welds SiSpeed of welding vi, final welding SfLaser export PfCarry out various changes as shown in table 1 to carry out.At this
In example and comparative example, it nearby is set as the 1/5 of welding bead overall length by the 1/5 of welding bead overall length, moreover, attached by the 4/5 of welding bead overall length
Closely it is set as the 4/5 of welding bead overall length.That is, the process of the 1/5 formation welding bead from welding bead beginning X to welding bead overall length is set as initial stage welding
Si, will then initial stage weld SiAnd until welding bead overall length 4/5 formation welding bead process be set as formally welding S, then will formally weld
It meets S and welds S up to welding bead terminal Y shape is set as final at the process of welding beadf.It should be noted that the flange before laser welding
Lap gap A size a on laser welding direction uniformly.
Laser welding uses fibre laser, keeps the beam diameter 0.6mm φ of focal position constant.Welding in an atmosphere into
Row, focal position when laser welding are set as the surface of steel plate of the flange part of steel plate 4.
The results are shown in Table 1 for the appearance of the welding bead of the laser weld joint for the L word that observation obtains.Specifically, passing through
Visually observe the presence or absence of rupture of welding bead.Moreover, weld width W, the 1/10 position B of welding bead beginning of measurement welding bead main body BiPlace
Weld width WiAnd 1/10 position B of welding bead terminalfThe weld width W at placef, found out weld width ratio Wi/ W and Wf/W.It needs
Illustrate, in example of the present invention and comparative example, welding bead main body B is that 1/5 position from welding bead beginning X to welding bead overall length is welded
1/5 position of road beginning and from welding bead terminal Y between the 1/5 of welding bead overall length position, that is, 1/5 position of welding bead terminal.Also, with
Meet the case where the situation of formula (3) and formula (4) this two side is "○", either meets in formula (3) and formula (4) for " △ ", formula
(3) and all ungratified situation of formula (4) is "×", and has rated the uniformity of weld width.It should be noted that welding bead main body
The width W of B is whole constant throughout welding bead main body B in any laser weld joint.Moreover, about between laser weld joint
The size of gap measures from welding bead beginning X along welding bead overall length direction and has separated the position of 5mm and from welding bead terminal Y along welding bead overall length
Direction has separated the size in the gap between the position of 5mm, and has found out its average value.
In addition, the size on the plate thickness direction of steel plate in the gap of the laser weld joint of the L word determined.
In addition, stretching examination using the L word for having tensile load from two lateral loads for the laser weld joint of obtained L word
It tests, determines peel strength.It should be noted that tension test is carried out with the speed of 10mm/min.The results are shown in Table 1.
As shown in table 1, whole throughout welding beads such as welding bead terminal parts to meet the example of the present invention that the welding condition of formula (1) carries out
Without rupturing, moreover, weld width ratio Wf/ W is also 0.80 or more and 1.20 hereinafter, excellent appearance.Also, to meet formula
(1) peel strength for the example of the present invention that welding condition carries out is 4.0kN or more, has carried out high-intensitive engagement.Moreover, especially
Meet the weld width ratio W of the example of the present invention of formula (1) and formula (2) this two sidei/ W is also 0.80 or more and 1.20 hereinafter, in welding bead
There is uniform width in overall length.
[table 1]
Label declaration
1 laser weld joint
3 laser beams
4,5 steel plate
7,7a, 7b welding bead
The gap A
B welding bead main body
SiInitial stage welding
S is formally welded
SfFinal period welding
W weld width
X welding bead beginning
Y welding bead terminal.
Claims (6)
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| KR102164134B1 (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2020-10-12 | 주식회사 포스코 | Laser welding method for high carbon thin steel sheet |
| CN113573837A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2021-10-29 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Lap laser spot welded joint, method for manufacturing same, and structural member for automobile body |
| JP6583657B1 (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-10-02 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Lap laser welded joint, manufacturing method thereof, and structural member for automobile body |
| WO2020217085A1 (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2020-10-29 | Arcelormittal | Tunnel having integrated lateral reinforcements |
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| JPWO2018061526A1 (en) | 2018-09-27 |
| KR102425207B1 (en) | 2022-07-27 |
| CN112743228B (en) | 2022-11-01 |
| CN109641321B (en) | 2021-01-05 |
| KR102184912B1 (en) | 2020-12-01 |
| KR20210099210A (en) | 2021-08-11 |
| KR20190029688A (en) | 2019-03-20 |
| WO2018061526A1 (en) | 2018-04-05 |
| CN112743228A (en) | 2021-05-04 |
| KR20200133391A (en) | 2020-11-27 |
| KR102412797B1 (en) | 2022-06-23 |
| JP6662396B2 (en) | 2020-03-11 |
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