Starting motor
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile parts, and particularly relates to a starting motor.
Background
The starting motor comprises a front end cover, a speed reduction assembly, an armature, a stator, a brush holder assembly, a rear cover assembly and an electromagnetic switch. The maximum output power and the maximum effective power of the starting motor are mainly determined by the internal resistance of the storage battery, the voltage drop of the electric brush and the total resistance of the circuit, and the internal resistance of the storage battery and the voltage drop of the electric brush are fixed under normal conditions. Therefore, the approach to increase the maximum output power and the maximum available power of the starter motor can only reduce the total resistance of the motor circuit.
The prior starter motor is constructed as shown in fig. 7 to 8, and the main components include: electromagnetic switch 1, brush yoke subassembly 2, armature 3, stator 4, speed reduction system 5, shift fork 6, front end housing 7, rear end housing 8. When the ignition switch 9 is turned on, the positive current of the storage battery flows into the contact piece 13 through the B+ terminal post 12, flows into the copper multi-strand wire 22 through the M terminal post 11 and then through the connecting piece 21, flows into the brush positive electrode 26 through the brush wire 24, flows into the brush negative electrode 27 through the motor commutator and is grounded through the brush wire 24. The general starting motor circuit total resistance includes: the contact resistance of the electromagnetic switch B+ terminal post, the contact resistance of the M terminal post and the contact piece, the contact resistance of the brush frame lead and the M terminal of the electromagnetic switch, the voltage drop of the brush and the armature winding resistance. The electromagnetic switch circuit structure of the general starting motor is characterized in that a contact piece is arranged between a B+ terminal line post and an M terminal line post, and the contact piece plays a role in connecting the B+ terminal line post and the M terminal line post to be conducted; the circuit structure of the brush holder is that the negative electrode brush is grounded, the positive electrode brush is welded with the lead, and the wiring lug of the lead is connected with the M terminal of the electromagnetic switch by a nut.
The starting motor with the circuit structure has high manufacturing cost, small maximum output power and small maximum effective power, and can not meet the requirements of new markets. Increasing the cross-sectional area of the armature winding wire diameter can increase the maximum output power and the maximum effective power of the starter motor, and tends to cause difficulty in manufacturing the armature and increase the cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the starting motor which reduces the total resistance of a circuit and the manufacturing cost under the condition of not increasing the wire diameter sectional area of an armature winding, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the maximum output power and the maximum effective power of the starting motor.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is solved by the following technical scheme: the starting motor comprises an electromagnetic switch and a motor, wherein the electromagnetic switch comprises a switch shell and an insulating cover which are fixedly connected, a static iron core and a pull-up coil are arranged in the switch shell, a movable iron core is arranged in the pull-up coil in a sliding mode, a return spring is arranged between the movable iron core and the switch shell, a B+ terminal wire post is arranged on the insulating cover, and a contact piece pushed by the movable iron core is arranged in the electromagnetic switch; the motor comprises a brush holder assembly, the brush holder assembly comprises a bottom plate, a plurality of brush holders are arranged on the bottom plate, a positive electrode brush and a negative electrode brush are respectively arranged in the brush holders, the positive electrode brush is connected with a wiring lug through a brush wire, the wiring lug stretches into the insulating cover, and when the contact lug is conducted with the B+ terminal wiring post, the contact lug is conducted with the wiring lug. The contact piece is driven by the movable iron core to enable the contact piece to directly connect the B+ terminal wire post with the wiring piece, copper multi-wire wires are omitted, the M terminal wire post is omitted, the total resistance and the manufacturing cost of a circuit are reduced under the condition that the wire diameter sectional area of an armature winding is not increased, and the purposes of improving the maximum output power and the maximum effective power of the starting motor are achieved.
In the above technical scheme, preferably, integrated into one piece is provided with the push rod on the movable iron core, the fixed self-locking insulating sleeve that is provided with on the push rod, self-locking insulating sleeve afterbody is provided with the bulge loop, the cover is equipped with on the self-locking insulating sleeve contact piece and insulating gasket, the contact piece is located the bulge loop with between the insulating gasket, insulating gasket with be provided with between the terminal surface of movable iron core and maintain the spring. In the prior art, the movable iron core is generally separated from the push rod, and the contact piece is easy to adhere to the movable iron core when the movable iron core returns, and the push rod is forced to be pulled away by the movable iron core when the movable iron core is pushed away, so that the adhesion failure is effectively prevented, the clamp spring and the push rod reset spring are reduced, the manufacturing process is simplified, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
In the above technical scheme, preferably, a first annular groove is formed in the push rod, an annular barb is arranged in the self-locking insulating sleeve, and the annular barb is clamped into the first annular groove to position the push rod and the self-locking insulating sleeve. The structure is adopted to facilitate the self-locking insulating sleeve to be fixed on the push rod, the assembly is convenient, and the assembly efficiency is improved.
In the above technical scheme, specifically, be provided with on the insulating lid and supply the B+ termination terminal passes first hole, the cover is equipped with on the B+ termination terminal be used for with contact piece complex cross the bridge piece, be equipped with the screw thread on the B+ termination terminal, will cross the bridge piece press from both sides in through the nut between bulge loop and the insulating lid of B+ termination terminal tip. The bridge piece is arranged to increase the conductive area of the contact piece and the B+ terminal wire post, so that the resistance is reduced.
In the above technical scheme, preferably, a second annular groove is formed in the inner end of the first hole on the insulating cover, and a first sealing ring is arranged in the second annular groove. The sealing performance of the installation position of the B+ terminal wire post is improved by arranging the first sealing ring, and the function of preventing water and dust from entering the inner cavity of the insulating cover is achieved.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the b+ terminal stud is provided with a knurling portion, and the bridge piece is in interference fit with the knurling portion. The contact area between the B+ terminal wire post and the bridge passing piece is increased by adopting the structure, the resistance value is reduced, and the installation is convenient.
In the above technical solution, preferably, a first abutment plane is provided on the insulating cover, and the bridge piece abuts against the first abutment plane. The bridging piece is propped against the first propping plane, so that the bridging piece is conveniently positioned, and the bridging piece cannot bend when being contacted with the contact piece, and the conductive contact area is ensured.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the insulating cover is provided with a second hole through which the wire lug passes, the insulating cover inside the second hole is provided with a second abutting plane, and the wire lug passes through the second hole to abut against the second abutting plane. The wiring piece is propped against the second propping plane to facilitate the positioning of the wiring piece, and the wiring piece cannot bend when being contacted with the contact piece, so that the conductive contact area is ensured.
In the above technical scheme, preferably, the insulating cover is provided with a second hole for the lug to pass through, the shell of the motor is provided with a third hole for the lug to pass through, the lug is sleeved with an insulating rubber piece, one end of the insulating rubber piece is provided with a taper surface in interference fit with the second hole, and the other end of the insulating rubber piece is provided with a step surface in sealing fit with the third hole. The insulating rubber piece is convenient to install, the tightness of the motor and the electromagnetic switch can be improved, and water and dust are prevented from entering.
In the above technical scheme, preferably, the insulating cover is fixed with the switch shell in a riveting manner, the insulating cover is abutted to the static iron core, a third annular groove is formed in the position, where the insulating cover is connected with the switch shell, of the insulating cover, and a second sealing ring is arranged in the third annular groove. By adopting the structure, the tightness of the joint of the insulating cover and the switch shell can be improved, and water and dust are prevented from entering.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the contact piece is driven by the movable iron core to enable the contact piece to directly connect the B+ terminal wire post with the wiring piece, copper multi-wire wires are omitted, the M terminal wire post is omitted, the total resistance and the manufacturing cost of a circuit are reduced under the condition that the wire diameter sectional area of an armature winding is not increased, and the purposes of improving the maximum output power and the maximum effective power of the starting motor are achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the whole embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electromagnetic switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an assembly structure of a b+ terminal stud and a bridge piece according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a movable iron core according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a brush holder assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a brush holder assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the background art of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the current flow in the background of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings and detailed description: referring to fig. 1 to 6, a starting motor comprises an electromagnetic switch 1 and a motor 0, wherein the electromagnetic switch 1 comprises a switch shell 121 and an insulating cover 16 which are fixedly connected, a static iron core 18 and a pull-up coil 15 are arranged in the switch shell 121, a movable iron core 122 is arranged in the pull-up coil 15 in a sliding manner, in the embodiment, the pull-up coil 15 is wound on a coil framework 19, a guide copper sleeve 133 is arranged in the coil framework 19, the movable iron core 122 slides in the guide copper sleeve 133, a return spring 120 is arranged between the movable iron core 122 and the switch shell 121, a B+ terminal wire post 12 is arranged on the insulating cover 16, and a contact piece 13 pushed by the movable iron core 122 is arranged in the electromagnetic switch 1; the motor 0 comprises a brush holder assembly 2, the brush holder assembly 2 comprises a bottom plate 29, a plurality of brush holders 25 are arranged on the bottom plate 29, a positive electrode brush 26 and a negative electrode brush 27 are respectively arranged on the brush holders 25, the positive electrode brush 26 is connected with a wiring lug 21 through a brush wire 24, the wiring lug 21 stretches into the insulating cover 16, and when the contact lug 13 is conducted with the B+ terminal wire post 12, the contact lug 13 is conducted with the wiring lug 21. The contact piece is driven by the movable iron core to enable the contact piece to directly connect the B+ terminal wire post with the wiring piece, copper multi-wire wires are omitted, the M terminal wire post is omitted, the total resistance and the manufacturing cost of a circuit are reduced under the condition that the wire diameter sectional area of an armature winding is not increased, and the purposes of improving the maximum output power and the maximum effective power of the starting motor are achieved.
The movable iron core 122 is provided with a push rod 1221 integrally formed, the push rod 1221 is fixedly provided with a self-locking insulating sleeve 127, the tail of the self-locking insulating sleeve 127 is provided with a convex ring 1271, the self-locking insulating sleeve 127 is sleeved with the contact piece 13 and an insulating gasket 128, the contact piece 13 is positioned between the convex ring 1271 and the insulating gasket 128, and a maintaining spring 124 is arranged between the insulating gasket 128 and the end face of the movable iron core 122. In the prior art, the movable iron core is generally separated from the push rod, and the contact piece is easy to adhere to the movable iron core when the movable iron core returns, and the push rod is forced to be pulled away by the movable iron core when the movable iron core is pushed away, so that the adhesion failure is effectively prevented, the clamp spring and the push rod reset spring are reduced, the manufacturing process is simplified, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
The push rod 1221 is provided with a first annular groove 1222, the self-locking insulating sleeve 127 is internally provided with annular barbs 1272, and the annular barbs 1272 are clamped into the first annular groove 1222 to position the push rod 1221 and the self-locking insulating sleeve 127. The structure is adopted to facilitate the self-locking insulating sleeve to be fixed on the push rod, the assembly is convenient, and the assembly efficiency is improved.
The insulating cover 16 is provided with a first hole 161 through which the b+ terminal stud 12 passes, the b+ terminal stud 12 is sleeved with a bridging piece 130 for matching with the contact piece 13, the b+ terminal stud 12 is provided with threads, and the bridging piece 130 is clamped between a convex ring at the end of the b+ terminal stud 12 and the insulating cover 16 through a nut 125. The bridge piece is arranged to increase the conductive area of the contact piece and the B+ terminal wire post, so that the resistance is reduced.
A second annular groove 131 is formed in the inner end of the insulating cover 16, located in the first hole 161, and a first sealing ring 132 is arranged in the second annular groove 131. The sealing performance of the installation position of the B+ terminal wire post is improved by arranging the first sealing ring, and the function of preventing water and dust from entering the inner cavity of the insulating cover is achieved.
The b+ terminal 12 is provided with a knurling portion 1301, and the bridge piece 130 is in interference fit with the knurling portion 1301. The contact area between the B+ terminal wire post and the bridge passing piece is increased by adopting the structure, the resistance value is reduced, and the installation is convenient.
The insulating cover 16 is provided with a first abutment plane 163, and the bridge piece 130 abuts against the first abutment plane 163. The bridging piece is propped against the first propping plane, so that the bridging piece is conveniently positioned, and the bridging piece cannot bend when being contacted with the contact piece, and the conductive contact area is ensured.
The insulating cover 16 is provided with a second hole 162 through which the wire lug 21 passes, the insulating cover 16 inside the second hole 162 is provided with a second abutting plane 164, and the wire lug 21 passes through the second hole 162 to abut against the second abutting plane 164. The wiring piece is propped against the second propping plane to facilitate the positioning of the wiring piece, and the wiring piece cannot bend when being contacted with the contact piece, so that the conductive contact area is ensured.
The insulation cover 16 is provided with a second hole 162 for the wiring lug 21 to pass through, the motor 0 is provided with a third hole 01 for the wiring lug 21 to pass through, the wiring lug 21 is sleeved with an insulation rubber piece 23, one end of the insulation rubber piece 23 is provided with a taper surface 231 in interference fit with the second hole 162, and the other end of the insulation rubber piece 23 is provided with a step surface 232 in sealing fit with the third hole 01. The insulating rubber piece is convenient to install, the tightness of the motor and the electromagnetic switch can be improved, and water and dust are prevented from entering. In order to facilitate the assembly and positioning of the insulating rubber member 23 and the wiring lug 21, the wiring lug is divided into two parts, one part is a straight copper sheet with one wide end and one narrow end, the other part is a bent copper sheet fixed on the brush wire 24, the narrow end of the straight copper sheet passes through the insulating rubber member 23 and then is welded on the bent copper sheet, and the insulating rubber member is positioned between the wide end of the straight copper sheet and the bent copper sheet.
The insulating cover 16 and the switch shell 121 are fixed in a riveting mode, the insulating cover 16 abuts against the static iron core 18, a third annular groove 165 is formed in the insulating cover 16 and connected with the switch shell 121, and a second sealing ring 17 is arranged in the third annular groove 165. By adopting the structure, the tightness of the joint of the insulating cover and the switch shell can be improved, and water and dust are prevented from entering.