Summary of the invention
It is double-deck by setting the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of improved rotor structure for synchronous magnetic resistance motor
Air layer structure, by adjusting the angle and the corresponding permanent magnet of collocation of air groove, so that the peak value for effectively improving motor is turned round
Square, efficiency and power factor (PF) improve electric machine speed regulation range.
To achieve the goals above, the technical scheme is that a kind of rotor structure for synchronous magnetic resistance motor,
It being characterized in that: multiple groups air layer structure being distributed on the circumferencial direction of rotor, the middle part of rotor is equipped with a circle lightening hole, each
Air layer structure includes first, second two layers air groove group, and the first air groove group is arranged along the excircle of rotor, the second air
Slot group is set to the periphery of the first air groove group and is correspondingly arranged with the first air groove group;First air groove group includes being located at middle part
The first d-axis air groove, the first d-axis air groove two sides are respectively equipped with one first quadrature axis air groove, two the first quadrature axis air
Slot is symmetrical along the perpendicular bisector of the first d-axis air groove;Second air groove group includes the second d-axis air groove for being located at middle part,
Second d-axis air groove shares two, and each second d-axis air groove side is respectively equipped with one second quadrature axis air groove.
Preferably, the one end of two the first quadrature axis air grooves is equipped with rounded corner, and the other end is equipped with angle of chamfer, the beveling
Angle is corresponding with the first d-axis air groove;The first air is equipped between first d-axis air groove and a first quadrature axis air groove to add
Strengthening tendons;There are angles between first d-axis air groove and the first quadrature axis air groove.
Further, the one end of two the second quadrature axis air grooves is equipped with rounded corner, and the other end is equipped with angle of chamfer, the beveling
Angle is corresponding with the second d-axis air groove;Two second d-axis air grooves are set side by side, and are reinforced between the two by the second air
Muscle is connected;Side air reinforcing rib is equipped between second d-axis air groove and the second quadrature axis air groove;Second d-axis air groove with
There are angles between second quadrature axis air groove.
Further, the height of the first d-axis air groove is identical as the height of the second d-axis air groove, the first d-axis air groove
It is inside inserted with first layer permanent magnet, is equipped with second layer permanent magnet, the height of the first d-axis air groove, width in the second d-axis air groove
Degree is all larger than the height and width of first layer permanent magnet, and the height of the second d-axis air groove, width are all larger than second layer permanent magnet
Height and width;First layer permanent magnet is inserted into the first d-axis air groove, with the first d-axis air groove, the first quadrature axis air groove
It matches, to provide permanent magnetic field driving source;Second layer permanent magnet shares two, is inserted into two second d-axis air grooves respectively
It is interior, it matches with the second d-axis air groove, the second quadrature axis air groove, to provide auxiliary permanent magnetic field driving source, and shares
Reversed d-axis direction magnetic field when the weak magnetic of high velocity.
Further, the height of the first d-axis air groove, width are bigger than the height of first layer permanent magnet and width difference
0.01mm, the height of the second d-axis air groove, width are 0.01mm bigger than the height of second layer permanent magnet and width difference.
Further, the angle theta1It is obtained by formula θ 1=90 °+360 °/p+ Δ θ, wherein p is motor number of pole-pairs,
Correction value is that (Δ θ is the difference and ratio for adjusting ac-dc axis inductance to Δ θ, and optimization within the scope of -5 ° to 5 ° is carried out to it and obtains one
Optimum value makes to change the difference that the motor under angle has maximum salient pole ratio and ac-dc axis inductance).
Further, the lightening hole is combined by multiple counterweight single holes in arc section and forms a concentric loop knot
Structure, the quantity of counterweight single hole are p, and p is motor number of pole-pairs, and each counterweight single hole sets that there are four rounded corners.
Compared with the existing technology, technical solution of the present invention further includes many details in addition to the improvement of overall technical architecture
The improvement of aspect, specifically, having the advantages that
1, multiple groups air layer structure is distributed on the circumferencial direction of rotor in improvement project of the present invention, each is empty
Gas-bearing formation structure includes first, second two layers air groove group being correspondingly arranged, and is additionally provided with one layer of lightening hole on rotor, passes through air groove
Setting, the placement of the ornaments and magnet steel of reinforcing rib, to effectively improve the peak torque of motor, efficiency and power factor (PF),
High speed weak magnetic area back-emf is reduced, and significantly improves electric machine speed regulation range;
2, in technical solution of the present invention, the first air groove group include be located at middle part the first d-axis air groove, first
D-axis air groove two sides are respectively equipped with one first quadrature axis air groove, exist between the first d-axis air groove and the first quadrature axis air groove
Angle, while the first air reinforcing rib is equipped between the first d-axis air groove and one of them first quadrature axis air groove, first is straight
Axis air groove is equipped with permanent magnet, plays the role of providing permanent magnetic field driving source, increases effectively every pole magnetic flux of rotor, by
This effectively increases the air gap flux density and power density of motor;
3, in technical solution of the present invention, the second air groove group includes the second d-axis air groove for being located at middle part, He Yu
The second quadrature axis air groove that two d-axis air grooves match, two second d-axis air grooves are set side by side, between the two by the
Two air reinforcing ribs are connected, and side air reinforcing rib is equipped between the second d-axis air groove and the second quadrature axis air groove, and second is straight
There are angles between axis air groove and the second quadrature axis air groove, wherein being equipped with the second permanent magnet, permanent magnetism in the second d-axis air groove
Body plays additive excitation, and when sharing high velocity weak magnetic, reversed d-axis direction magnetic field prevents permanent magnet from permanently demagnetizing;
4, the height of the first d-axis air groove of the invention, width are bigger than the height of first layer permanent magnet and width difference
0.01mm, the height of the second d-axis air groove, width are 0.01mm bigger than the height of second layer permanent magnet and width difference, described
Angle theta1Pass through formula θ1=90 °+360 °/p+ Δ θ is obtained, by the structure of this optimization, so that breath magnetic flux density waveforms approach just
String wave realizes that axis inductor is greater than d-axis inductance, provides magnetic resistance of motor characteristic.
5, the rotor of special construction of the invention, structure very simple, convenient for control, power density is further increased.With
On driving motor for electric automobile, the torque of motor can be further improved, increase the stability of motor work.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with attached drawing, it is clear that described implementation
Example is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill
Personnel's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Some abbreviations of the present invention or technical term are defined first:
Reluctance motor: being a kind of electric actuator of continuous operation, structure and working principle and traditional AC and DC
Motor makes a big difference.It not against magnetic field produced by stator and rotor winding current interaction and generate torque, but
Torque is generated by " magnetic resistance minimum principle ".
Ac-dc axis: quadrature axis is also q axis, and d-axis is also d axis, they are actually reference axis, rather than actual axis is in electricity
Establish a coordinate system on machine rotor, this coordinate system and rotor rotate synchronously, and taking rotor field direction is d axis, perpendicular to turning
Sub- magnetic direction is q axis, the mathematical model of motor is transformed under this coordinate system, it can be achieved that the decoupling of d axis and q axis, thus
To good control characteristic.
The present invention provides a kind of rotor structures for synchronous magnetic resistance motor, referring specifically to Fig. 1, with the prior art
Difference is: multiple groups air layer structure is distributed on the circumferencial direction of rotor, the middle part of rotor is equipped with a circle lightening hole, each
Air layer structure includes first, second two layers air groove group, and the first air groove group is arranged along the excircle of rotor, the second air
Slot group is set to the periphery of the first air groove group and is correspondingly arranged with the first air groove group;First air groove group includes being located at middle part
The first d-axis air groove, the first d-axis air groove two sides are respectively equipped with one first quadrature axis air groove, two the first quadrature axis air
Slot is symmetrical along the perpendicular bisector of the first d-axis air groove, here between the first d-axis air groove and two the first quadrature axis air grooves
It is equipped with barrier, further improves breath flux density wave;
Further, the second air groove group includes the second d-axis air groove for being located at middle part, and the second d-axis air groove shares two
Root, each second d-axis air groove side are respectively equipped with one second quadrature axis air groove, two second d-axis air grooves here
Between, between the second d-axis air groove and the second quadrature axis air groove be equipped with barrier, further improve breath flux density wave, force it
Nearly sine wave, the major harmonic for the rotor performance that weakens the influence.
Specifically, since multiple groups air layer structure, each air is distributed on the circumferencial direction of rotor of the invention
Layer structure includes first, second two layers air groove group being correspondingly arranged, and is additionally provided with one layer of lightening hole on rotor, passes through air groove
Setting, the placement of the ornaments and magnet steel of reinforcing rib are dropped to effectively improve the peak torque of motor, efficiency and power factor (PF)
Low high speed weak magnetic area back-emf, and significantly improve electric machine speed regulation range.
In one embodiment, one end (i.e. close to the end of rotor outer ledge) portion of two the first quadrature axis air grooves is set
There is rounded corner, while the distance between the end and rotor outer ledge are first layer magnetic bridge width hbridg1e, the other end
Equipped with angle of chamfer, the angle of chamfer is towards the first d-axis air groove and setting parallel with the end face of the first d-axis air groove;First
The first air reinforcing rib is equipped between d-axis air groove and a first quadrature axis air groove, because high torque motor is directed to, in height
Fast lower rotor part centrifugal force with higher is usually arranged reinforcing rib in rotor structure weakness, increases mechanical strength, and reinforcing rib is wide
Degree can guarantee the stress that 150MPa can be born under motor limit speed, reinforcing rib is smaller, motor d-axis inductance with regard to smaller, thus
Make motor that there is higher magnetoresistive characteristic;There are 1 (θ of angle theta between first d-axis air groove and the first quadrature axis air groove1=900
+ 3600/p+ Δ θ), p is motor number of pole-pairs, considers that magnetic field harmonics, magnetoresistive characteristic need to be modified θ 1, and correction value is Δ θ,
Value range is -3 ° to 3 °.
Specifically, it is inserted with first layer permanent magnet in the first d-axis air groove, plays and permanent magnetic field driving source is provided
Effect, increases effectively every pole magnetic flux of rotor, thus effectively increases the air gap flux density and power density of motor.First is straight
The height of axis air groove, width are all larger than the height and width of first layer permanent magnet, in embodiment, the height of the first d-axis air groove
Degree, width distinguish big 0.01mm than the height of first layer permanent magnet and width, prevent permanent magnet from sliding, due to air magnetic property
Far below conducting magnet core, magnetic resistance is asymmetric in old friend's d-axis magnetic circuit, makes motor salient pole ratio (Lq/Ld) with higher and ac-dc axis
The difference (Lq-Ld) of inductance.
In another embodiment, the one end of two the second quadrature axis air grooves is equipped with rounded corner (i.e. on the outside of rotor
The end at edge), while the distance between the end and rotor outer ledge are second layer magnetic bridge width hbridge2, the other end
Portion is equipped with angle of chamfer, and the angle of chamfer is towards the second d-axis air groove and setting parallel with the end face of the second d-axis air groove;Two
Root the second d-axis air groove is set side by side, and is equipped between the two and obstructs and be connected by the second air reinforcing rib;Second d-axis
It also is provided with obstructing and being connected by side air reinforcing rib between air groove and the second quadrature axis air groove;Second d-axis air groove
There are angle, 1 (θ of θ between the second quadrature axis air groove1=90 °+360 °/p+ Δ θ), p is motor number of pole-pairs, considers that magnetic field is humorous
Wave, magnetoresistive characteristic need to be modified θ 1, and correction value is Δ θ, and value range is 4 °.
Specifically, first layer d-axis air groove height h1 is equal with the height h2 of second layer d-axis air groove, and the twoth
The second air reinforcing rib h is equipped between second d-axis air grooverib2, while the second d-axis air groove and the second quadrature axis air groove it
Between there are side air reinforcing rib hrib21、hrib22.The height of second d-axis air groove, width are all larger than second layer permanent magnet
Height and width, in this embodiment, the height of the second d-axis air groove, width than second layer permanent magnet height and width point
Not big 0.01mm.
Second layer permanent magnet is equipped in second d-axis air groove, two layers of permanent magnet share two, are inserted into two second respectively
It in d-axis air groove, is matched with the second d-axis air groove, the second quadrature axis air groove, to provide auxiliary permanent magnetic field excitation
Source, and share reversed d-axis direction magnetic field when the weak magnetic of high velocity.
The lightening hole is combined by multiple counterweight single holes in arc section and forms a concentric loop structure, and adjacent matches
Weight single hole between exist breeding barrier, while the breeding barrier just with two second d-axis air grooves in one group of air layer structure
Between barrier it is corresponding, it is further provided perfect breath flux density sine wave, the quantity of counterweight single hole are p, and p is motor pole
Logarithm, each counterweight single hole are set there are four rounded corner.
In a specific embodiment, rotor application of the invention is in synchronous magnetic resistance motor, motor mainly by stator,
Rotor, shaft composition, have air gap, rotor is by rotating shaft support between stator and rotor.The stator exists comprising stator body, setting
Stator winding on stator body;2 layers of air slot structure of setting and 1 layer of lightening hole inside rotor.
Wherein motor stator is made of stator tooth, stator yoke and stator slot, and stator slot uses peariform slot, be placed in slot around
Group, armature winding use integer slot Distributed Winding.
Rotor circumference side sets up multiple groups air structure, and every group of air layer structure includes first, second two layers air groove
Group, the first, second air groove group are in 2 ship shape sections, and each ship shape is made of multistage air groove, and d-axis is empty on each d-axis direction
There is 1 (θ of certain angle θ between quadrature axis air layer on gas-bearing formation and quadrature axis1=90 °+360 °/p+ Δ θ), p is motor number of pole-pairs,
Consider that magnetic field harmonics, magnetoresistive characteristic need to be modified θ 1, correction value is Δ θ, and there are wedge angle or rounding in quadrature axis air layer end
Angle, the first d-axis air groove height h1 is equal with the second d-axis air groove height h2, and the first d-axis air groove and the first quadrature axis are empty
There are the first reinforcing rib h between air drainrib1, reinforcing rib h is equipped between the second d-axis air grooverib2, while the second d-axis air groove
There are reinforcing rib h between the second quadrature axis air grooverib21、hrib22.Since air magnetic property is far below conducting magnet core, old friend
Magnetic resistance is asymmetric in d-axis magnetic circuit, makes the difference (Lq-Ld) of motor salient pole ratio (Lq/Ld) with higher and ac-dc axis inductance.
Permanent magnet is equipped in each layer of air groove group, first layer permanent magnet provides permanent magnetic field driving source, and the second layer is forever
Magnet plays additive excitation, and when sharing high velocity weak magnetic, reversed d-axis direction magnetic field prevents permanent magnet from permanently demagnetizing.
The main rotors harmonic wave for influencing motor performance has 5/7/11/13 subharmonic, and wherein single layer magnet steel only can be to wherein
5/7 or 11/13 subharmonic targetedly weakened, and cannot consider to weaken all harmonic waves simultaneously.The double-deck magnet steel can be with
5/7/11/13 subharmonic of the motor main performance that weakens the influence simultaneously, while can guarantee that motor has biggish output torque
And reluctance torque component.
The flux density width that magnet steel generates is respectively l1、l2, in order to reach better reduced harmonic, flux density width l1、l2It should use up
Following relationship can be able to satisfy.(l in formula1、l2For l corresponding in Fig. 71、l2)
Relational expression need to be met by weakening 5 subharmonic:
Weaken 7 subharmonic and meet relational expression:
Weaken 11 subharmonic and meet relational expression:
Weaken 13 subharmonic and meet relational expression:
Consider the influence of magnet steel leakage field, iron core saturation, reinforcing rib, the developed width of each section of magnet steel needs slightly to compensate, magnetic
Steel width correction:
Magnet steel width calculates after amendment:
H in formularib2For second layer reinforcing rib width, hbridge1、hbridge2For first layer second layer magnetic bridge width, r is to turn
Sub- radius;Change with electric machine structure and changes;H1 is first layer magnet thickness, and h2 is second layer magnet thickness, Δ l1、Δl2For
Width is corrected, needs to accurately calculate to obtain by magnetic field, so that air gap magnetic density waveform approaches sine wave.(-0.05*l1< Δ l1<
0.05*l1、-0.05*l2< Δ l2< 0.05*l2)
In conclusion the present invention passes through optimization electric machine structure, to effectively improve motor output torque, power factor (PF) and effect
Rate, using the electric machine structure, permanent magnetism flux density in air gap at Sine distribution, wherein since there is no flux density be 0 region so that
Waveform is more sinusoidal, can effectively weaken the motor harmonic wave in addition to 11,13 subharmonic.It, can be with using the model through analyzing
35 subharmonic of rotor are effectively reduced, Waveform sine is higher, can be effectively reduced the core loss of motor.Secondly
Electric machine structure Q axis magnetic circuit is concentrated mainly between the first second layer magnet steel, and rotor yoke flux density reduces, to reduce rotor yoke thickness
The rotor yoke of degree, reduction hollows out measure using duplicate removal, can be effectively reduced rotor moment of inertia, improves rotor dynamic response
Can, and promote electric machine speed regulation range.
The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be said that
Present invention specific implementation is confined to these above-mentioned explanations.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs,
Without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, a number of simple deductions or replacements can also be made, all shall be regarded as belonging to the present invention
Protection scope.